Archive for the ‘Bone Marrow Stem Cells’ Category

WASHINGTON Heres a look at how Georgias members of Congress voted over the previous week.

Along with its roll call votes this week, the House also passed the Cyber Sense Act (H.R. 360) to require the Secretary of Energy to establish a voluntary Cyber Sense program to test the cybersecurity of products and technologies intended for use in the bulk-power system; the Consumer Product Safety Inspection Enhancement Act (H.R. 8134) to support the Consumer Product Safety Commissions capability to protect consumers from unsafe consumer products; the School-Based Allergies and Asthma Management Program Act (H.R. 2468) to increase the preference given in awarding certain allergies and asthma-related grants to states that require certain public schools to have allergies and asthma management programs; and the Effective Suicide Screening and Assessment in the Emergency Department Act (H.R. 4861) to establish a program to improve the identification, assessment and treatment of patients in the emergency department who are at risk of suicide.

DISCLOSING TIES TO UYGHUR LABOR: The House has passed the Uyghur Forced Labor Disclosure Act (H.R. 6270) sponsored by Rep. Jennifer Wexton, D-Va., to require publicly traded companies to disclose whether they have business ties to Chinas Uyghur Autonomous Region in Xinjiang province. Wexton said the requirement would let investors know of a given companys passive complicity or active exploitation of one of the most pressing and ongoing human rights violations of our lifetime. A bill opponent, Rep. Anthony Gonzalez, R-Ohio, said it wrongly tried to have the Securities and Exchange Commission police human rights violations, a role that would be better handled by the Treasury Department. The vote, on Sept. 30, was 253 yeas to 163 nays.

NAYS: Loudermilk R-GA (11th), Allen R-GA (12th), Scott, Austin R-GA (8th), Collins R-GA (9th), Carter R-GA (1st), Woodall R-GA (7th), Ferguson R-GA (3rd), Hice R-GA (10th)

YEAS: Bishop D-GA (2nd), Scott, David D-GA (13th), McBath D-GA (6th), Johnson D-GA (4th)

NOT VOTING: Graves R-GA (14th)

PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION: The House has passed a resolution (H. Res. 1155) sponsored by Rep. Eric Swalwell, D-Calif., reaffirming the Houses commitment to an orderly and peaceful transfer of presidential power after the November election. Swalwell said: The peaceful transition of power is not only a bedrock principle of Americas founding, it is a living ideal that we must exercise and pass down to our children. An opponent, Rep. Matt Gaetz, R-Fla., called the resolution a way for Democrats to attack the president and disguise the fact that they will refuse to accept the election results unless they win. The vote, on Sept. 29, was 397 yeas to 5 nays.

YEAS: Entire delegation, except Collins R-GA (9th), Graves R-GA (14th), who did not vote

DISEASE THERAPIES: The House has passed the Timely ReAuthorization of Necessary Stem-cell Programs Lends Access to Needed Therapies Act (H.R. 4764) sponsored by Rep. Doris O. Matsui, D-Calif. The bill would reauthorize a program for transplanting umbilical cord blood, stem cells, and bone marrow to adults and children suffering from various diseases. The vote, on Sept. 30, was unanimous with 414 yeas.

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YEAS: Entire delegation, except Graves R-GA (14th), who did not vote

FURTHER COVID-19 SPENDING: The House has approved an amendment to the Americas Conservation Enhancement Act (H.R. 925). The amendment would spend $2.2 trillion on new COVID-19 measures, including testing and treatment efforts and unemployment benefits. A supporter, Rep. James P. McGovern, D-Mass., said the spending was needed for families to pay for necessities like food, utilities, and rent during this pandemic. An opponent, Rep. Tom Cole, R-Okla., said the amendment had been hurriedly brought to the floor without minority input or adequate time for review, and that it would not pass the Senate. The vote, on Oct. 1, was 214 yeas to 207 nays.

NOT VOTING: Loudermilk R-GA (11th), Graves R-GA (14th)

YEAS: Bishop D-GA (2nd), Scott, David D-GA (13th), McBath D-GA (6th), Johnson D-GA (4th)

NAYS: Allen R-GA (12th), Scott, Austin R-GA (8th), Collins R-GA (9th), Carter R-GA (1st), Woodall R-GA (7th), Ferguson R-GA (3rd), Hice R-GA (10th)

CONTINUING APPROPRIATIONS: The Senate has passed the Continuing Appropriations Act and Other Extensions Act (H.R. 8337) sponsored by Rep. Nita M. Lowey, D-N.Y., to extend through Dec. 11 funding for health programs, including Medicare, surface transportation, and many other government programs. The vote, on Sept. 30, was 84 yeas to 10 nays.

AFFORDABLE CARE ACT LITIGATION: The Senate has rejected a cloture motion to end debate on a motion to consider a bill (S. 4653) sponsored by Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., that would block the Justice Department from making arguments in court for cancelling any provision of the 2010 health care reform law (ACA). The vote to end debate on Oct. 1, was 51 yeas to 43 nays, with a three-fifths majority needed for approval.

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Congress Votes | News | albanyherald.com - The Albany Herald

Next, to accommodate the donors immune cells, they had to wipe out Mr. Browns own immune system by bombarding him with chemotherapy and radiation. Next came the transplant procedure itself. On that same February day, Mr. Brown stopped taking his antiretroviral medication. Three months later, after a grueling recovery in which he almost died, he was H.I.V.-free.

For Mr. Brown, the epiphany came one day in the gym, when he found that he was developing muscles again after years of wasting away. That was kind of my proof that it was gone, he said.

Many hurdles remained. A recurrence of leukemia required a second transplant a year later. A brain biopsy left Mr. Brown temporarily paralyzed and nearly blind. He had to be taught how to walk and talk again. His recovery, complicated by injuries from a 2009 mugging in Berlin, left him with a stiff shoulder, limited vision and neurological damage, which prevented him from resuming his work as a translator.

My life is far from perfect, he said in 2015, but it is still my life.

He was living in Nevada in 2013 when he met Mr. Hoeffgen on the Scruff dating app. They moved to Southern California in 2015. In April, Mr. Brown was admitted to a cancer hospital; his leukemia, unrelated to H.I.V., had returned. Covid-19 restrictions kept the couple together on the medical campus for weeks.

This month, Mr. Hoeffgen told Mark S. King, a blogger and AIDS activist, that Mr. Brown had terminal cancer and had been receiving home hospice care. Mr. Brown was aware that he was dying.

I have asked him what he wants me to tell people when we make his situation public, Mr. Hoeffgen said. He said: Tell people to keep fighting. Fight for a cure for H.I.V. that works for everyone. I never wanted to be the only one.

In addition to Mr. Hoeffgen, Mr. Brown is survived by his mother.

One researcher asked whether the couple would consider donating Mr. Browns body to science.

I said, Thank you, but no, Mr. Hoeffgen said. I think hes done enough.

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Timothy Ray Brown, First Patient Cured of H.I.V., Dies at 54 - The New York Times

Smiths 2005 stem cell law to be reauthorized by House

Rep. Chris Smith (R-NJ)statement submitted during debate in the House of Representatives

on the Stem Cell Therapeutic and Research ActSeptember 29, 2020

Margaret Hahnmy mother-in-lawpassed away on Friday and a Mass of Christian burial will be held today at St. Mary Church in South Amboy, New Jersey. She was 96 and was deeply loved and will be deeply missed.

MargaretPegwas a great womanwife, mother, grandmother, and great-grandmother. She selflessly devoted her life to public service including her amazing work as Sayreville Borough Clerk for twenty years. She had an incredible reputation for getting things done for the people. No matter who served as mayor or on Council, everyone knew she was the power.

My wife Marie and I will join family and friends today at her funeral and internment making it impossible for me to speak today during the debate on the reauthorization of a law I originally authored fifteen years agothe Stem Cell Therapeutic and Research Act of 2005and the Stem Cell Therapeutic and Research Act of 2015.

So, I submit these comments for the Congressional Record.

Madam Speaker, today the House of Representatives will vote to reauthorize the Stem Cell Therapeutic and Research Act.

This was an original idea of mine 20 years ago. Joined by 70 cosponsors, I introduced it in 2001 and again in 2003.

After five long years of hard work and numerous setbacks, my bill was finally enacted into law in 2005.

Beginning in 2001, Dr. Joanne Kurtzberg, who is President of the Cord Blood Association, helped draft my original law.Dr. Kurtzberg has said, Cord blood transplantation is now an established field with enormous potential. In the future, it may emerge as a source of cells for cellular therapies focused on tissue repair and regeneration.

The new law created a nationwide umbilical cord blood stem cell program, designed to collect, derive, type, and freeze cord blood units for transplantation into patients to mitigate and to even cure serious disease. Pursuant to the law, it also provided stem cells for research. The new cord blood program was combined in our 2005 law with an expanded bone marrow initiative, which was crafted over several years by our distinguished colleague, CongressmanBill Young.

I was the prime sponsor again when it was reauthorized in 2015.

Umbilical cord blood stem cells, obtained after the birth of a child, have proved highly efficacious in treating 70 diseases, including sickle-cell disease, lymphoma, and leukemia. And scientists are continuing to study and better understand the regenerative effects of cord blood cell therapies for other diseases and conditions. Bone marrow donations provide lifesaving transplants to treat diseases like blood cancer, sickle cell anemia, or inherited metabolic or immune system disorders.

The National Cord Blood Inventory (NCBI) provides funding to public cord blood banks participating in the program to allow them to expand the national inventory of cord blood units available for transplant. These units are then listed on the registry by the Be the Match Program. The funds appropriated thus far have led to an important increase in the overall number of high-quality cord blood units available through the national registry, including 150,000 NCBI units. Within the Be the Match registry, there are more than 783,000 NCBI units worldwide.

The Program registry allows patients and physicians to locate matching cord blood units, as well as adult donors for marrow and peripheral blood stem cells, when a family donor is not available. The Program is the worlds largest, most diverse donor registry, with more than 22 million volunteers and more than 300,000 public cord blood units. To date, the National Marrow Donor Program/Be The Match (NMDP), through its operation of the Program, has facilitated more than 100,000 transplants. More than 45,000 patients have receivedcord bloodtransplants, according Dr. Joanne Kurtzberg.

The reauthorization before us authorizes $23 million to be appropriated for fiscal year 2021 through fiscal year 2025. It also authorizes $30 million to be appropriated for fiscal years 2021 through 2025 for the bone marrow transplant program. This continues funding at the same levels authorized in the 2015 authorization bill.

Madam Speaker, each year nearly 4 million babies are born in America. In the past, virtually every placenta and umbilical cord was tossed as medical waste. Today, doctors have turned this medical waste into medical miracles.

Not only has God in His wisdom and goodness created a placenta and umbilical cord to nurture and protect the precious life of an unborn child, but now we know that another gift awaits us immediately after birth. Something very special is left behindcord blood that is teeming with lifesaving stem cells. Indeed, it remains one of the best kept secrets in America that umbilical cord blood stem cells and adult stem cells in general are curing people of a myriad of terrible conditions and diseasesover 70 diseases in adults as well as in children.

The legislation that is before us will enable even more patients to receive the treatments that they so desperately need.

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Smith's 2005 stem cell law to be reauthorized by House - InsiderNJ

When 5-year-old Sawyer was diagnosed with sickle cell at a young age, his fraternal twin, Saxton, turned out to be a perfect match.

ATLANTA This is not just a birthday party, its a celebration of second chances.

We are so blessed, said OShea Guillory. We want to share this.

It is also a commitment to help others, too.

Mikari Tarpley is 16. She is at the small birthday celebration and sang her heart out for 5-year-old Sawyer and his brother Saxton. She sings from a place of understanding.

She and Sawyer, her neighbor, have both been through a lot this year.

We found out about Sawyers sickle cell disease at a very early age, Guillory said. He was about three weeks old.

Sawyers mom said she was absolutely devastated. She refused to accept there was nothing she could do to help her son.

I did a ton of research," she said. I found an organization called Be The Match.

She discovered information about transplants that could be a potential cure. Doctors take stem cells from the bone marrow of a donor and transplant it into the recipient.

They just needed a donor.

It turns out Sawyer was born with his cure, Guillory said. His twin, Saxton, was a perfect sibling match.

Across the cul-de-sac, Mikari Tarpley, an actress, was fighting Hodgkins Lymphoma and finishing chemotherapy.

She knew Sawyer has been battling sickle cell. Theyd both lost their hair from treatment. She decided she wanted to use her Sweet 16th birthday to raise money for children like Sawyer.

We couldnt do much for my sixteenth because of COVID, so we thought it would be a great idea to do a fundraiser to help others, Mikari said.

She reached her goal of $16,000 to help children being treated for sickle cell disease at the Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center.

Five-year-old Sawyer received a bone marrow transplant from his fraternal twin, Saxton. It was a success. Before long, Sawyer was riding a tricycle around Childrens Healthcare of Atlanta, racing his nurses and giggling along the way.

I truly have little warriors, Guillory said. My son, who helped save his brothers life - and my son - who was able to go through all of that and come out even stronger.

Now Sawyer, Saxton and their parents are spending their 5th birthday following Mikaris lead by paying it forward.

Sawyers mom OShea is starting a nonprofit, Sawyers Sickle Circle, to spread awareness and knowledge about sickle cell, Beads of Courage and Be the Match program. They launched a fundraiser on Sawyer and Saxtons birthday.

The Guillory family said the best present they could wish for is for other kids to have the chance to celebrate many more birthdays to come.

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A perfect match: Bone marrow transplant saves twin brother's life. Now their family pays it forward - 11Alive.com WXIA

In 2004, after President George W. Bush cut off all federal funding for embryonic stem-cell research on religious grounds, Californians strongly backed Proposition 71, a $3-billion bond measure to fund this kind of research, even though such funding is usually not the purview of states.

Supporters of the proposition including this editorial board believed it would allow California to stand out as a leader in this field, advance a budding avenue of research that might save lives and alleviate suffering, bolster its biotech sector and fund possible blockbuster treatments that might earn the state royalties as well. Embryonic stem cells are particularly valuable to research because they are undifferentiated, meaning they do not have a particular function, and researchers could conceivably turn them into specialized cells in order to regenerate human cells and tissue.

In the years since, Proposition 71 gave rise to a burst of scientific discovery. Two cancer treatments it helped fund, for blood and bone-marrow cancers, have been approved by the FDA, though neither of those employed embryonic stem cells and could have been funded even under Bush administration rules. It has also supported promising advances in the treatment of diabetes, bubble boy immune deficiency and vision-robbing retinitis pigmentosa, but other efforts have fallen short in clinical trials.

Moreover, the money helped build laboratories and other infrastructure that give California a head start on research and development, making the state the it place for stem-cell research. Researchers in the state moved to the head of the pack for private grants, because projects are less likely to need the time and money to create facilities before work can begin.

Now that Proposition 71 funding has practically run out, the issue is back on the November ballot with Proposition 14, which seeks nearly double the amount worth of bonds $5.5 billion to continue the juggernaut.

This time, voters should reject the measure, with the caveat that the issue could be reconsidered in a couple of years, if its proponents bring it back in better-designed and more modest form and if there are more successes in human trials and financial payback.

We have long had reservations about how the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine, established as a result of Proposition 71, was set up. Though funded publicly, it is not overseen by the governor and Legislature like other state agencies, and its governing board is too large, at 29 members. Those members generally have ties to the advocacy organizations and research institutions that have received most of the money.

The driving force behind the initiative has been Robert N. Klein II, a Bay Area lawyer and real estate investor. There is no doubting Kleins sincerity in his cause. He knows too well the suffering inflicted by intractable diseases; his son Jordan died of complications of Type I diabetes in 2016. His accomplishment in persuading the state to invest billions in a specific avenue of biomedical research has been exceptional.

However, Klein developed these initiatives largely behind closed doors with little to no public input; he has strong ideas about how things should be run on the stem-cell front and has steadfastly resisted more government oversight. Thats fine when hes investing his own money; its a fatal flaw when he is asking voters for nearly $8 billion, the estimated cost of paying off the bonds over time, according to the Legislative Analysts Office.

Kleins role and the bloated structure of CIRMs super-sized governing board have given rise to some serious ethical mishaps, including a board member who improperly intervened to try to get funding for his organization. (He is no longer on the board.) After this and several other examples of impropriety, rules were tightened. Board members must recuse themselves from votes when there is a conflict of interest, but with 29 members who all want certain projects to receive funding, there is too much potential for mutual back-scratching. Instead of repairing this problem, the new proposition would expand CIRMs board to 35 members and retain its troubling independence from oversight by the governor and Legislature, leaving it open to further conflicts of interest.

Proposition 71 hasnt yet yielded a significant financial return on investment for the state or the cures that were ballyhooed at the time. Though no one ever promised quick medical miracles, campaign ads strongly implied they were around the corner if only the funding came through. Proponents oversold the initiatives and voters cant be blamed if they view this new proposal with skepticism.

In the years since Proposition 71 passed, more resources have become available. President Obama reversed Bushs order and restored federal funding, which meant that between CIRM and the National Institutes of Health, along with private grant and investment funding, stem-cell research has been healthy, if not downright flush. That funding has stayed and even grown under President Trump, to more than $2 billion a year, with about $321 million of that in human embryonic stem-cell research. (There have, though, been recent threats to embryonic research from a group of conservative senators.)

The idea was never for California to become the long-term replacement for federal funding. It was to kick-start an industry that would then operate on its own. If that has failed to happen under Proposition 71 as promised, it shouldnt be the responsibility of California taxpayers to fix it. Thats especially true right now, at a time of yawning needs to address the cost of twin health and economic crises and the worsening effects of climate change. Private money for stem cell-work will continue to be available; its not as though research will collapse.

No doubt, the pace of responsible science is incremental and the outcomes uncertain even with the best research efforts. Yet the backers still couch the possibilities in grandiose terms. In a recent interview with the Times editorial board, Klein talked about the money that would be saved by wiping out Alzheimers disease which has so far has frustrated attempts to treat it effectively, despite many billions of dollars in research.

Embryonic stem cell research remains important, and there might be ways in which the state can contribute less grandiose funding while maximizing its investment. For example, scientific research has a well-known valley of death, where many projects cant get funding to make the transition from laboratory to human clinical trials.

Offering some matching help to get projects through that phase might attract businesses and scientists to California, while spending far less than the billions proposed in Proposition 14. Its worth noting that stem-cell work isnt the only kind of research that faces the valley of death problem; its an issue for most basic research that seeks to make the leap to human trials and that might be equally in need of state help.

Now is not the time for a huge new investment in specialized medical research. First, it makes sense to wait until after the election; if Democrats do well, there should be growing support for embryonic stem-cell research at the federal level, which is where such funding should take place. The future of Californias pandemic-battered economy and budget remains to be seen. Waiting also would give voters a chance to find out how well the states stem-cell research projects continue without state dollars, and whether some of the promising advances lead to breakthrough therapies and a return on Californias investment.

There would be an opportunity to rethink and rewrite any future proposals, which should include a far more modest ask of taxpayers as well as fixes to the structure and inflated size of the CIRM board. The institute should also be placed under the same state oversight as other agencies reporting to the governor.

If CIRM needs money for a basic operating budget over the next couple of years, that could be covered by the states general fund. The agency still needs to administer already-funded projects and could use that time to discuss a more affordable path forward. Right now, the state has other, more urgent spending priorities.

Editors note: This newspapers owner, the physician and scientist Dr. Patrick Soon-Shiong, played no role in the editorial boards deliberations on this measure.

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No on Prop 14: Not the best way to support stem-cell research - Los Angeles Times

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Global Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) Market Size & Share, By Product Types,

AllogeneicAutologous

Global Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) Market Size & Share, By Applications,

Peripheral Blood Stem Cells Transplant (PBSCT)Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT)Cord Blood Transplant (CBT)

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Regen Biopharma IncChina Cord Blood CorpCBR Systems IncEscape Therapeutics IncCryo-Save AGLonza Group LtdPluristem Therapeutics IncViaCord I

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Global Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) Market How the Market has witnessed Substantial Growth in recent years? - The Daily Chronicle

Asymmetrex discusses new advances for supply of traditional drug development and advanced therapy medicinal product (ATMP) clinical trials

BOSTON (PRWEB) October 01, 2020

Adapting to the present COVID crisis, this year the 2020 Outsourcing in Clinical Trials USA Conference, one of several international clinical trials supply trade conferences organized by Arena International Events Group each year, adopted a virtual meeting format. The conference, scheduled for September 30-October 1, continued its tradition of bringing together contract research organization suppliers and company sponsors in the clinical trials supply industry to discuss new developments and best practices.

Among the many industry members invited to speak in the event, James L. Sherley, M.D., Ph.D., founder and director of Massachusetts stem cell biotechnology company Asymmetrex, presented on September 30. Dr. Sherleys presentation highlighted a growing new area of the clinical trials supply industry. More and more, the clinical trials supply industry is considering better technology and practices to support stem cell clinical trials and gene therapy clinical trials that utilize advanced therapy medicinal products. In particular, Dr. Sherley discussed the value of implementing new quantification technologies for ATMPs developed with tissue stem cells. He answered the rhetorical question that was the title of his talk How can we outsource stem cell clinical trials without counting tissue stem cells? by detailing places in ATMP supply chains where instituting counting technologies would provide significant benefits to the stem-gene clinical trials supply industry and the patients it serves.

Sherley also presented innovation proposals for traditional pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical clinical trials supply. He described how tissue stem cell counting technologies represented advantages both for discovery of novel drugs and for toxicology evaluations of new drug candidates. A major value presented was the opportunity for drug companies to realize hundreds of millions of dollars in reduced costs each year by using tissue stem cell counting tests for earlier identification of drugs that would fail late in clinical trials because of inducing chronic failure of organs and tissues like the liver and bone marrow. Currently applied animal toxicology studies miss many drugs with this disastrous character. Sherley described how such drugs could be detected in inexpensive cell culture tests by counting how stem cell-specific number and viability changed in their presence.

Though not a main focus of the presentation, Sherley ended his presentation with acknowledgement of Asymmetrexs recent introduction of the first-in-kind technology for counting therapeutic tissue stem cells and determining their dosage. The company holds issued patents for the technology and its use for drug evaluations in both the U.S. and U.K. In August of this year, it published a peer-reviewed report, co-authored with its partner AlphaSTAR Corporation, that describes the new method and its applications for stem cell therapy and drug evaluations. In September, the company was awarded a research and development grant from the National Institutes of Health-National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute for continued development of the technology and its commercialization. These plans for the companys AlphaSTEM Test tissue stem cell counting technology were recently reported.

About Asymmetrex

Asymmetrex, LLC is a Massachusetts life sciences company with a focus on developing technologies to advance stem cell medicine. The companys U.S. and U.K. patent portfolio contains biotechnologies that solve the two main technical problems production and quantification that have stood in the way of effective use of human adult tissue stem cells for regenerative medicine and drug development. Asymmetrex markets the first technology for determination of the dose and quality of tissue stem cell preparations (the AlphaSTEM Test) for use in stem cell transplantation therapies and pre-clinical drug evaluations. Asymmetrex is a member company of the Advanced Regenerative Manufacturing Institute BioFabUSA and the Massachusetts Biotechnology Council.

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Asymmetrex Presents the Value of Tissue Stem Cell Counting For Supplying Stem Cell Clinical Trials and Drug Development Clinical Trials - PR Web

The global stem cell banking market was valued at $1,986 million in 2016, and is estimated to reach $6,956 million by 2023, registering a CAGR of 19.5% from 2017 to 2023. Stem cell banking is a process where the stem cell care isolated from different sources such as umbilical cord and bone marrow that is stored and preserved for future use. These cells can be cryo-frozen and stored for decades. Private and public banks are different types of banks available to store stem cells.

Top Companies Covered in this Report: Cord Blood Registry,ViaCord,Cryo-Cell, China Cord Blood Corporation, Cryo-Save, New York Cord Blood Program, CordVida, Americord, CryoHoldco, Vita34

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Increase in R&D activities in regards with applications of stem cells and increase in prevalence of fatal chronic diseases majorly drive the growth of the global stem cell banking market. Moreover, the large number of births occurring globally and growth in GDP & disposable income help increase the number of stem cell units stored, which would help fuel the market growth. However, legal and ethical issues related to stem cell collections and high processing & storage cost are projected to hamper the market growth. The initiative taken by organizations and companies to spread awareness in regards with the benefits of stem cells and untapped market in the developing regions help to open new avenues for the growth of stem cell banking market in the near future.

The global stem cell banking market is segmented based on cell type, bank type, service type, utilization, and region. Based on cell type, the market is classified into umbilical cord stem cells, adult stem cells, and embryonic stem cells. Depending on bank type, it is bifurcated into public and private. By service type, it is categorized into collection & transportation, processing, analysis, and storage. By utilization, it is classified into used and unused. Based on region, it is analyzed across North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and LAMEA.

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Table Of Content

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER 2: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

CHAPTER 3: MARKET OVERVIEW

CHAPTER 4: STEM CELL BANKING MARKET, BY CELL TYPE

CHAPTER 5: STEM CELL BANKING MARKET, BY BANK TYPE

CHAPTER 6: STEM CELL BANKING MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE

CHAPTER 7: STEM CELL BANKING MARKET, BY UTILIZATION

CHAPTER 8: STEM CELL BANKING MARKET, BY REGION

CHAPTER 9: COMPANY PROFILES

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Stem Cell Banking Market is forecast to reach $6,956 million by 2023 | ViaCord,Cryo-Cell, China Cord Blood Corporation, Cryo-Save - The Daily...

Bluebird bio could be just a few months away from approval of its gene therapy for rare disease cerebral adrenoleukodystrophy (CALD) in the EU, after the EMA started an accelerated review.

If approved, Lenti-D (elivaldogene autotemcel or eli-cel) could transform the prospects of people with CALD, the most severe form of the neurodegenerative disease ALD that usually emerges in boys during early childhood and causes physical and mental disabilities as well as behavioural problems.

Around 40% of patients develop the cerebral form of ALD, which in turn affects around one in 17,000 live births.

A few weeks ago, Bluebird reported new data from the phase 2/3 STARBEAM trial of Lenti-D which showed that 87% of CALD patients were still alive and free of major functional disabilities after at least two years follow-up.

The EU filing comes ahead of a filing for eli-cel in the US, which Bluebird says should take place sometime towards the middle of next year, having been delayed by the coronavirus pandemic.

If approved, eli-cel would provide a one-shot treatment for CALD, holding back the progressive breakdown in the protective myelin that sheathes neurons.

It would be the first alternative to a stem cell transplant to treat the disease, a therapy that can provide significant improvements and even halt progression in some patients if given early enough.

However it requires high-dose chemotherapy to destroy the bone marrow, and that poses significant risks to patients in its own right, and can also lead to graft-versus-host disease, a potentially life-threatening complication in which the bone marrow donors immune cells attack the recipients cells and tissues.

CALD is caused by mutations in the ABCD1 gene located on the X chromosome, which provides instructions for the production of the ALD protein.

ALD protein is needed to clear toxic molecules called very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) in the brain, and if mutated causes the VLCFAs to accumulate and damage the myelin sheath.

Using eli-cel, the patients own stem cells are modified in the lab to produce a working version of the ABCD1 gene, producing functional ALD protein that can help to flush VLCFAs from the body.

CALD is a devastating disease, often marked by rapid neurodegeneration, the development of major functional disabilities, and eventual death, said Gary Fortin, head of severe genetic disease programmes at Bluebird.

If approved, eli-cel would represent the first therapy for CALD that uses a patients own haematopoietic stem cells, potentially mitigating the risk of life-threatening immune complications associated with transplant using cells from a donor, he added.

Aside from STARBEAM, which will follow treated patients for up to 15 years, Bluebird is also conducting the phase 3 ALD-104 trial of eli-cel in CALD, which is due to generate results in 2024.

The EU filing for eli-cel comes shortly after Bluebirds development partner received a 27 March 2021 FDA review date for anti-BCMA CAR-T cell therapy ide-cel, a potential therapy for multiple myeloma.

The biotech already has approval in Europe for Zynteglo, a gene therapy for haematological disease beta thalassaemia, and is due to file its related therapy LentiGlobin for sickle cell disease next year. The two therapies have been tipped to generate $1.5 billion-plus in peak sales by some analysts.

The rest is here:
EMA starts rapid review of Bluebird's gene therapy for rare disease CALD - - pharmaphorum

INTRODUCTION

Rotavirus (RV) remains a scourge to humanity, causing severe distress (morbidity) to many children and contributes to thousands of childhood deaths annually, particularly in developing countries wherein RV vaccines have only moderate efficacy (1). RV is a double-stranded RNA virus that primarily infects intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) that line the villus tips of the ileum, resulting in severe life-threatening diarrhea in young children and moderate gastrointestinal distress in adults (24). Such tropism and pathogenesis is faithfully recapitulated in RV-infected mice, making the mouse model of RV useful for studying basic aspects of RV immunity and disease pathophysiology. Furthermore, the RV mouse model may prove a useful platform for discovery of novel means to treat and prevent RV infection, especially in scenarios when adaptive immunity, which normally plays an essential role in clearing RV, is not functioning adequately. Toward this end, we previously reported that administration of bacterial flagellin rapidly cured, and/or protected against, RV infection. Such protection was independent of interferon and adaptive immunity and dependent on the generation of both Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5)mediated interleukin-22 (IL-22) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domainlike receptor C4 (NLRC4)mediated IL-18, which together resulted in prevention and/or cure of RV infection, and its associated diarrhea (5). However, the mechanisms by which these cytokines impede RV infection remained unknown. Herein, we report that IL-22 acts upon IEC to drive proliferation, migration, and ultimately extrusion of infected IEC into the intestinal lumen, whereas IL-18 drives rapid death of RV-infected IEC. The combined actions of IL-22 and IL-18 eliminate RV from the intestine independent of adaptive immunity.

We previously reported that systemic administration of bacterial flagellin elicits TLR5-mediated production of IL-22 and NLRC4-mediated generation of IL-18 that can act in concert to prevent or treat RV and some other enteric viral infections (5). Specifically, as shown in fig. S1 and our previous work, chronic RV infections that developed in RV-inoculated immune-deficient C57BL/6 Rag-1/ mice were cured by combined systemic treatment with IL-18 and IL-22, whereas injection of either cytokine alone reduced RV loads but did not clear the virus, regardless of cytokine dose and duration of administration. In these particular experiments, RV infection was assayed by measuring fecal RV antigens by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), but measurement of RV genomes in the intestine yields similar results (5). In wild-type (WT) mice, a sufficiently high doses of recombinant IL-22 can, by itself, fully prevent RV infection, whereas lower doses of exogenously administered IL-22 and IL-18 markedly reduced the extent of RV infection, while the combination of these cytokines eliminated evidence of infection (Fig. 1A). The central goal of this study was to elucidate mechanisms by which these cytokines act in concert to control and prevent RV infection.

Mice were administered PBS, IL-22 (2 g), and/or IL-18 (1 g) via intraperitoneal injection, 2 hours before, or 2, 4, 6, or 8 days after (indicated by arrows) oral inoculation with mRV. Fecal RV levels were measured over time by ELISA. (A) C57BL/6 mice n = 4. (B) IL-22/ mice, n = 5 and 7 for PBS and IL-18, respectively. (C) IL-18/ mice, n = 5. * indicates significantly different from PBS by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), P < 0.0001. dpi, days post-inoculation.

In the context of parasitic infection, both IL-18 and IL-22 promote expression of each other, and loss of either impairs immunity to Toxoplasma gondii (6). We thus hypothesized that administration of IL-18 might impede RV as a result of its ability to induce IL-22 expression. This hypothesis predicted that the ability of IL-18 to protect against RV infection would be largely absent in IL-22/ mice. However, administration of IL-18 upon RV inoculation clearly reduced the extent of RV infection in IL-22/ mice, which argued strongly against this hypothesis (Fig. 1B). We considered the converse hypothesis, namely, that IL-22 might impede RV infection by elicitation of IL-18, but we observed that recombinant IL-22 markedly prevented RV infection in IL-18/ mice (Fig. 1C). Although IL-18 and IL-22 may play important roles in inducing each others expression, our results indicate that they each activate distinct signaling pathways that cooperate to impede RV infection.

Next, we examined the extent by which IL-18 and IL-22 acted upon the hematopoietic or nonhematopoietic compartment to impede RV infection. We used WT, IL-18-R/, and IL-22-R/ mice to generate irradiated bone marrow chimeric mice that expressed the receptors for IL-22 or IL-18 in only bone marrowderived or radioresistant cells. Such mice were inoculated with RV, treated with recombinant IL-22 or IL-18, and RV infection was monitored via measuring fecal RV antigens by ELISA. Figure 1 used a relatively low dose of cytokine that highlighted the cooperativity of IL-18 and IL-22, but successive experiments used fivefold higher doses to enable a robust effect that could be dissected via bone marrow chimeric mice. Mice that expressed the IL-22 receptor only in bone marrowderived cells were not protected from RV infection by treatment with IL-22 (Fig. 2A), whereas mice with IL-22 receptor only in radioresistant cells were almost completely protected by this cytokine (Fig. 2B). These results suggest that IL-22 protects mice from RV infection by acting on IEC, which are known to be populated from radioresistant stem cells and responsive to IL-22 (7). In accord with this notion, we observed that multiple IEC cell lines are responsive to IL-22 in vitro via STAT3 phosphorylation, although IL-22, like flagellin and IL-18, did not affect RV infection in vitro (fig. S2). Studies with IL-18-R chimeric mice similarly revealed that expression of this receptor in only bone marrowderived cells conferred only a modest nonsignificant reduction (12 3.8%) in the extent of RV infection upon IL-18 administration (Fig. 2C). In contrast, in mice that expressed IL-18-R in only radioresistant cells, IL-18 reduced extent of RV infection by 76 8.7% (Fig. 2D). Together, these results suggest that agonizing IL-18 and IL-22 receptors on IEC result in generation of signals that impede RV in vivo but not in vitro.

Indicated bone marrowirradiated chimeric mice were administered PBS (control), IL-22 (10 g), or IL-18 (2 g) via intraperitoneal injection, 2 hours before or 2, 4, 6, or 8 days after oral inoculation with mRV. Fecal RV levels were measured over time by ELISA. Differences between control and cytokine groups for each chimera/panel were analyzed by two-way ANOVA. (A) n = 7, P = 0.7715. (B) n = 4 and 7 for PBS and IL-22, respectively. (C) n = 7 and 6 for PBS and IL-18, respectively. (D) n = 4 and 6 for PBS and IL-18, respectively. * indicates significantly different from PBS by two-way ANOVA, P < 0.0001.

In cell culture and organoid models, IL-22 promotes IEC proliferation, migration, and stem cell regeneration (810), which together are thought to contribute to ability of IL-22 to promote healing in response to an array of insults, including exposure to radiation and dextran sodium sulfate in vivo (1114). In contrast to such severe injuries, RV infection is generally characterized by a lack of overt intestinal inflammation (15, 16). We hypothesized that IL-22 may promote IEC proliferation and/or migration that might reduce the extent of RV infection by increasing the rate of IEC turnover, especially near villus tips, which is the predominant site of RV infection (24). We further reasoned that IL-18 might trigger the same kind of response and further increase IEC proliferation and turnover. Mice were administered 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and treated with IL-22 and/or IL-18. Sixteen hours later, mice were euthanized, and intestines were subjected to fluorescence microscopy to measure rates at which IEC migrated toward villus tips (17). In accord with our hypothesis, administration of IL-22 approximately doubled the rate at which IEC migrated toward villus tips (Fig. 3, A and B). IL-18 administration also increased the rate of IEC migration to a lesser extent. The combination of these cytokines did not result in a faster rate of IEC migration relative to IL-22 alone. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is known to promote IEC proliferation and migration (18, 19), so we tested whether this cytokine might protect against RV infection. In accord with EGF promoting proliferation in a variety of tissues, EGF treatment induced IEC migration up the crypt villus axis (Fig. 3, C and D), albeit not quite as robustly as IL-22 (1.43- versus 1.95-fold increase respectively). Moreover, EGF had the ability to reduce the extent of RV infection (Fig. 3E), but not as completely as IL-22. Together, these results support the hypothesis that IL-22 and IL-18 promote IEC replication and migration, which contributes to protection against RV infection.

Mice were intraperitoneally injected with PBS, IL-22, (10 g) IL-18 (2 g), both cytokines, or mEGF. One hour later, mice were administered BrdU. Mice were euthanized 16 hours after BrdU administration, and BrDU was visualized (A and C) and migration was measured (B and D) by microscopy and image analysis, respectively. Images shown in (A) and (C) are representative. Scale bar equals 50 m. For (B) and (D), sections were scored at least from 50 villus per group of mice (n = 5). Distance of the foremost migrating cells along the crypt-villus axis was measured with ImageJ software. Results are presented as means SEM. Statistical significance was evaluated by Students t test (****P < 0.0001). (E) Mice were intraperitoneally injected with PBS or EGF (10 g) mEGF 2 hours before or 2, 4, 6, or 8 days after oral inoculation with mRV. Fecal RV levels were measured over time by ELISA. Data are means SEM, n = 5 * indicates significantly different from PBS by two-way ANOVA, P < 0.0001.

We next considered how promoting IEC proliferation might impede RV infection. Increased extrusion of IEC into the lumen is a likely consequence of increased IEC proliferation/migration, which is thought to occur such that cells remain alive until extrusion is completed to preserve the gut barrier (20). We hypothesized that increased proliferation/migration induced by IL-22 and/or IL-18 treatments might result in increased extrusion of villus tip cells, which are the site of RV infection. We investigated this hypothesis using a previously described method (21) in which cross sections of hematoxylin and eosinstained pieces of ileum are examined for visual evidence of cell shedding. We were unable to consistently distinguish IEC from other luminal contents, so we visualized cells using the DNA stain. This approach suggested a greater presence of IEC in the lumen of mice treated with cytokines, particularly IL-22 (Fig. 4A), but it was difficult to quantitate such a difference via cell counting, so we sought to evaluate levels of host cells via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) of 18S DNA in the ileum. The highly degradative environment of the intestine would likely degrade IEC shed into the lumen, but because such cells are extruded in a relatively intact state, their DNA might survive long enough to enable quantitation by qPCR. Small intestinal contents were extracted, and 18S DNA quantitated and expressed as number of cells per 100 mg of luminal content using known numbers of mouse epithelial cells to generate a standard curve. This approach indicated that IL-22 treatment markedly increased the level of IEC present in the lumen (Fig. 4B), suggesting increased IEC shedding. IL-18 induced only a modest level of IEC shedding that appeared to be additive to the shedding induced by IL-22. A generally similar pattern was observed in the cecum (Fig. 4C). In contrast, these cytokines did not affect levels of 18S DNA present in the lumen of the colon (Fig. 4D), perhaps reflecting that the impact of these cytokines on IEC shedding is specific to the ileum/cecum and/or that the DNA of shed IEC is quickly degraded in the bacterial-dense colon. An even greater amount of shedding of IEC into the ileum was induced by treating mice with flagellin, although two treatments of IL-18/22 could match this level, which suggested that production of these cytokines might be sufficient to recapitulate the IEC shedding induced by flagellin (Fig. 4E). The greater potency of flagellin may reflect ability of IL-18 and IL-22 to promote each others expression. Use of IL-22/ and IL-18/ mice revealed that these cytokines, both of which are necessary for flagellins anti-RV action (5), were both necessary for flagellin-induced cell shedding (Fig. 4F). Collectively, these results support the notion that increased extrusion of IEC, particularly in response to IL-22, might be central to this cytokines ability to impede RV infection, but these data did not offer insight into how IL-22 and IL-18 cooperate to offer stronger protection against this virus.

Mice [WT or indicated knockout (KO) strain] received a single (except where indicated otherwise) intraperitoneal injection of PBS, IL-22, (10 g), IL-18 (2 g), both cytokines or bacterial flagellin, FliC (15 g). Eight hours later, mice were euthanized, intestine was isolated, and luminal content was collected. (A) Microscopic appearance of DAPI-stained section to visualize shed cells in lumen. Scale bar equals 50 m. (B to F) Measurements of shed cells in different regions of the gastrointestinal tract via 18s by q-PCR (B, E, and F) small intestine, (C) cecum, (D) colon [double doses of IL-22 and IL-18 in (E) were 12 hours apart]. Data in (B) to (F) are means SEM (B), with significance assessed by Students t test, n = 5 to 15 mice as indicated by number of data points. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, and ****P < 0.0001. n.s., not significant; SI, small intestine.

Next, we examined how IL-22 and IL-18 might affect IEC in the presence of an active RV infection. We used WT mice 3 days after inoculation with RV, a time approaching peak levels of RV shedding (Fig. 1A). RV-infected and uninfected mice were administered IL-22 and/or IL-18 and euthanized 6 hours later, and small intestinal content was isolated. Like IL-18/22 administration, RV infection up-regulated IEC extrusion, with a marked further increase in IEC extrusion being observed by administration of IL-18/22 to RV-infected mice (Fig. 5A). This suggests that increased IEC extrusion may normally contribute to innate defense against RV (2) and that exogenously administered IL-18/22 (or flagellin) may enhance this protective mechanism. Yet, like the case in uninfected mice, the promotion of IEC extrusion appeared to be driven by IL-22 and not IL-18 (Fig. 5B).

Mice were orally inoculated with mRV, or not(sham?) and were intraperitoneally injected at 3 dpi with PBS, IL-22, (10 g) IL-18 (2 g), or both cytokines. Mice were euthanized 6 hours later and following assays were carried out. (A and B) Assay of cell extrusion (i.e., measure of cells in lumen) as performed in response to cytokines in Fig. 4. (C and D) Assay cleaved caspase-3 in IEC was assayed by SDS-PAGE immunoblotting. (E and F) Visualization of cell death by TUNEL staining, counterstained with DAPI. (G) Quantitation of TUNEL-positive cells at villus tip region based on visual counts. Data in (A), (B), and (G) are means SEM. Panels (A) and (B) used five mice per condition to generate one value per mouse. Panel (G) used five mice per condition and assayed 6 to 10 villi per mouse, which are indicated by data points. Significance was determined by Students t test. *P < 0.05 and ****P < 0.0001.

Next, we sought to investigate events in IEC that remained part of the small intestine at the time of increased IEC extrusion. Specifically, we examined whether IL-18 and/or IL-22 might affect cell death. We observed that IL-18/22 or RV induced modest and variable induction of cleaved caspase-3. In contrast, administration of these cytokines to RV-infected mice induced marked elevations in cleaved caspase-3 (Fig. 5C). Caspase-3 cleavage was also observed in response to IL-18 but not IL-22 (Fig. 5D). Quantitation of cell death by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferasemediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL) yielded a similar pattern of results. Specifically, both IL-18/22 and RV by themselves resulted in a modest increase in TUNEL-positive cells, which appeared sporadically throughout the villi (Fig. 5E and fig. S3, A and B). In contrast, treating RV-infected mice with IL-18 or the combination of IL-18 and IL-22, but not IL-22 itself, resulted in notable TUNEL positivity at the villus tips (Fig. 5, E to G), known sites of RV infection. Cytokine-induced TUNEL positivity, which did not occur in the absence of RV, appeared to localize in the villus tip, where RV was localized before cytokine treatment, thus suggesting that IL-18 was promoting cell death in RV-infected cells (fig. S3C).

Cell death can occur via numerous pathways, so we hypothesized that IL-18induced cell death might occur via pyroptosis, which appears to be a frequent form of cell death for infected cells (22). In accord with this possibility, IL-18 administration to RV-infected mice results in cleaved gasdermin D (Fig. 6A), whose activity is essential for pyroptosis. To test the role of gasdermin D activation in IL-18induced cell death, we performed experiments in mice lacking gasdermin D and gasdermin E, the latter of which is thought to compensate for lack of gasdermin D in some scenarios. Our initial experiments found that gasdermin-deficient mice were highly resistant to RV infection (fig. S4). However, such resistance was associated with high levels of segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB), which we have recently shown drives spontaneous resistance to RV in Rag1/ mice (23). Cross-fostering on gasdermin-deficient mice removed SFB and restored susceptibility to RV infection, thus extending our recent findings to mice with functional adaptive immunity. This model could also address if the IL-18induced cell death that associates with clearance of RV is mediated by pyroptosis. IL-18 administration did not induce cleaved gasdermin D in mice lacking this gene (Fig. 6A), thus verifying the specificity of the antibody we used. IL-18induced cell death of RV-infected mice proceeded at least as robustly as had been observed in WT mice (Fig. 6B). Specifically, although gasdermin-deficient mice had mild elevations in basal caspase-3, they still up-regulated this caspase in response to IL-18, albeit at markedly lower levels compared with WT mice. IL-18 induced marked TUNEL positivity in these mice (Fig. 6, C and D) and fully protected gasdermin-deficient mice against RV infection (Fig. 6E). These results argue that IL-18induced cell death and associated clearance of RV are not mediated by pyroptosis.

(A to D) Gasdermin-deficient, or WT, mice were administered PBS or IL-18 (2 g) 3 days after mRV inoculation. Mice were euthanized 6 hours later and jejunums were analyzed. (A and B) IEC were analyzed by SDS-PAGE immunoblotting for detection of gasdermin D, cleaved gasdermin D, and cleaved caspase-3, respectively. (C) Cell death by TUNEL, counterstained with DAPI. (D) Quantitation of TUNEL-positive cells at villus tip region based on visual counts. Experiments included five mice per condition. Data in (D) was based on assay 6 to 8 villi per mouse, which are indicated by data points ****P < 0.0001 by Students t test. (E) Gasdermin-deficient mice were administered PBS or IL-18 (2 g) via intraperitoneal injection, 2 hours before, or 2, 4, 6 or 8 days after (indicated by arrows), oral inoculation with mRV. Fecal RV levels were measured over time by ELISA. Data are means SEM. n = 5. * indicates significantly different from control by two-way ANOVA, P < 0.0001.

We examined the extent by which IL-22induced IEC extrusion and IL-18induced IEC death were associated with RV reduction in the ileum at 6 and 24 hours after administration of these cytokines. We measured the levels of RV genomes and the ratio of positive to negative (+/) RV strands in both the lumen and IEC, which reflects levels of active replication because most positive strands encode RV proteins and do not get incorporated into virions (24). In accord with our previous work, we observed that, in the epithelium, both IL-22 and IL-18 led to a clear reduction in both the level of RV genomes and RV replication by 6 hours (Fig. 7, A and B). In contrast, the small intestinal lumen had a marked but variable increase in the level of RV genomes and a stark increase in RV +/ strand ratios 6 hours after administration of IL-18 with the combination of IL-18 and IL-22 but not IL-22 alone (Fig. 7, C and D). By 24 hours, levels of RV in the lumen had dropped markedly, whereas the miniscule levels of remaining virus appeared to not be actively replicating (Fig. 7, E and F). Collectively, these results support a model wherein IL-18induced cell death interrupts active RV replication, spewing incompletely replicated virus into the lumen while IL-22 induces IEC migration and subsequent extrusion of the mature IEC that RV targets, thus together working in concert to resolve RV infection.

mRV-infected mice were intraperitoneally injected with PBS, IL-22 (10 g), IL-18 (2 g), or both cytokines on day 3 post-mRV inoculation. Six or 24 hours later, mice were euthanized, and contents of jejunums were isolated. RNA was extracted and used to measure of mRV genomes and replication status as reflected by NSP3 RNA levels and the ratio of NSP3 (+) RNA strand to complimentary NSP3 () RNA strand. (A and B) The overall mRV genome and efficacy of virus replication in small intestinal epithelial cells. (C to F) The overall mRV genome and efficacy of virus replication in luminal content from small intestine (one-way ANOVA, n = 5 to 10, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, and ****P < 0.0001).

The central focus of this study was to determine the mechanisms by which IL-18 and IL-22, which are elicited by bacterial flagellin, contribute to preventing or curing RV infection. We initially considered that the ability of IL-18 and IL-22 to promote each others expression allowed them to use a shared mechanism to promote RV clearance. We found that irrespective of such mutual promotion, IL-18 and IL-22 both impeded RV independent of each other and did so by distinct mechanisms, which is illustrated in Fig. 8. Specifically, IL-22 drove IEC proliferation and migration toward villus tips, thus accelerating the ongoing process of extrusion of highly differentiated IEC at the major site of RV replication. In contrast, administration of IL-18 to RV-infected mice induced rapid cell death, as defined by TUNEL, at villus tips where RV is localized. Such induction of TUNEL positivity, which is not typically seen at significant levels in the intestine, was associated with rapid abortion of the RV replication cycle followed by a marked reduction of RV antigens in the intestinal tract. These actions of IL-22 and IL-18 together resulted in rapid and complete expulsion of RV, thus providing a mechanism that explains how this combination of cytokines prevents and cures RV infection.

IL-22 increases epithelial proliferation thus increasing extrusion of epithelial cells, including RV-infected cells. Into lumen the intestinal lumen, i.e., anoikis. IL-18 induces rapid cell death, associated with loss of cell rupturing of RV-infected cells.

RV does not induce detectable increases in IL-22 expression nor does genetic deletion of IL-22 appear to markedly augment RV infection (5), thus arguing that IL-22 does not normally play a major role in clearance of this pathogen. The known cooperation of IL-22 and interferon- in activating antiviral gene expression (3) suggests the possibility that RV may have evolved strategies to deliberately avoid or block IL-22 induction. Nonetheless, the downstream action of IL-22, particularly its promotion of IEC turnover, may be shared by endogenous anti-RV host defense mechanisms. The role of adaptive immune-independent host defense against RV is most easily appreciated in immune compromised mice wherein RV loads decline markedly from their peak levels, but it may also play a role in protecting against RV even in immune competent mice. Innate host defense against RV is likely multifactorial and may involve type III interferon (3), particularly in neonate mice. Our observations in adult mice indicate that RV infection increases IEC extrusion, and this mechanism combined with previous observations that RV infection activates intestinal stem cell proliferation suggests that increased IEC turnover may limit RV infection (2). We do not think that such a mechanism is necessarily unique to IL-22 as EGF has ability to drive similar events. Moreover, we recently showed that SFB also drives enterocyte proliferation independent of IL-22 and is not required for adaptive immunity (23). Hence, we presume that IL-22 can activate a primitive mechanism of host defense against a variety of challenges, especially those affecting IEC.

IEC are rapidly proliferating cells with average lifetimes of about 3 days (24), which means that the intestine must eliminate vast numbers of cells continuously. The overwhelming majority of IEC are eliminated via cell extrusion at villus tips through a process termed anoikis. A central tenet of anoikis is that cells remain alive at the time of extrusion followed by the lack of attachment to other cells resulting in induction of a programmed death process (25). A key aspect of this process is that cells can be eliminated without comprising gut barrier function, thus avoiding infection and inflammation that might otherwise occur. Accordingly, administration of IL-22 is associated with few adverse effects and has been shown to resolve inflammation in several different scenarios. (26). Moreover, IL-22 plays a broad role of maintaining gut health in the intestinal tract, including mediating microbiota-dependent impacts of dietary fiber (27). It is possible that increasing anoikis via IL-22 results in extrusion of RV-containing cells in a manner that prevents viral escape and, consequent infection of other IEC. However, inability of IL-22 to induce detectable increases in luminal RV argues against this possibility. Rather, we envisage that the cell death process after IEC extrusion might result in destruction of RV in these cells. We also hypothesize that the accelerated IEC turnover induced by IL-22 may result in villus IEC being less differentiated and less susceptible to RV infection. In accord with this possibility, we observed that that flagellin administration resulted in an IL-22dependent increase in CD44+26 IEC (fig. S5), which are known to be RV resistant (28). It is difficult to discern the relative importance of IL-22 in the induction of IEC extrusion versus its impact on differentiation state of villus IEC. IL-22induced reduction in RV levels in chronically infected Rag-1/ mice occurs over a course of several days that supports a role for the latter mechanism. Use of IL-22 receptor bone marrow chimera mice demonstrated that IL-22 acts directly on IEC to affect RV infection. (7). IL-22induced signaling is generally thought to be mediated by STAT3 (5, 10), and IL-22 induced phosphorylation of STAT3 in IEC in vivo. However, we observed that IEC-specific STAT3-knockout mice could still be protected against RV by IL-22, suggesting that this mechanism of action may not proceed by a characterized signaling mechanism (fig. S6). Thus, how the IL-22 receptor signals to affect IEC phenotype remains incompletely understood.

In contrast to IL-22, recent work indicates that induction of IL-18 plays a role in endogenous immunity against RV, wherein caspase-1mediated IL-18 production results from activation of the NLR9pb inflammasome. Such IL-18 induction paralleled gasdermin-dependent cell death, the absence of which resulted in delayed clearance of RV (29, 30). On the basis of this work, we hypothesized that exogenously administered IL-18 might enhance RV-induced death of RV-infected cells and/or increase IEC turnover analogous to IL-22. Administration of IL-18 in the absence of RV elicited a modest increase in the number of TUNEL-positive cells as well as a modest increase in IEC proliferation/migration that was not accompanied by increased IEC extrusion, suggesting the increased proliferation compensated for cell death. However, TUNEL-positive cells were scattered along the villus. In RV-infected mice, IL-18 led to TUNEL-positive cells at the villus tips, which is also the primary site of RV infection. It is tempting to envisage localized impacts of IL-18 reflect the pattern of expression of the IL-18 receptor, including localization to villus tips and/or induced by RV, but limited knowledge of the determinants of its expression and lack of available reagents to study it render these ideas as speculative.

The manner of IL-18induced cell death, namely, its notable TUNEL induction, which was associated with spewing of RV replication intermediates, suggested pyroptotic cell death. However, we found that lack of gasdermin D and E, which are thought to be essential for pyroptosis, did not impede IL-18induced cell death in RV-infected cells thus arguing such cell death does not fit perfectly into any known cell death pathways. Induction of IL-18 receptor-mediated signaling by itself is not sufficient to induce cell death in villus tip epithelial cells but triggers death in cells primed as a result of RV infection. The nature of such priming is not understood but may involve IEC signaling pathways, including NLR9pb, TLR3, and RNA-activated protein kinase, which are capable of recognizing RV components and/or responding to intracellular stress in general (3032). In this context, the ability of IL-22 to enhance IL-18induced TUNEL positivity in RV-infected cells may reflect an intersection of IL-22-R and IL-18-R signaling or be a manifestation of these cytokines to promote each others expression.

The central limitation in our study was that our approaches were largely correlative. Specifically, we lacked modalities to specifically block IEC migration or cell death in response to IL-22 and IL-18, respectively. Another limitation is that we were not able to demonstrate that the TUNEL-positive cells actually contained RV. Our attempts to do so via double-staining were not successful, possibly reflecting that the disappearance of RV after cytokine treatment likely occurs early in the cell death process while the DNA fragmentation that underlies TUNEL positivity is considered a late event in the cell death process. Thus, more specific identification of processes that mediate cell death of RV-infected IEC in response to IL-18 is an important target of future studies.

The improved understanding of the mechanism by which IL-18/22 controls RV infection reported herein should inform use of these cytokines to treat viral infection in humans. Chronic RV infections can occur in immune compromised humans, suggesting that IL-18/22 may be explored as a possible treatment for this and other chronic viral infections. Our results suggest that this cytokine treatment may be effective for viruses that preferentially infect villus epithelial cells and possibly other epithelia that have high cell turnover rates. In contrast, this combination of cytokines seems unlikely to affect viruses that inhabit more long-lived cells, including hematopoietic cells that are generally not responsive to IL-22. We observed that flagellin and IL-18/22 has some efficacy against reovirus, particularly early in infection when it infects gut epithelial cells, as well as some efficacy against influenza, which initially infects lung epithelial cells, but did not show any impact on hepatitis C virus as assayed in mice engrafted with human hepatocytes, which are thought to be long-lived cells. IL-18/22 can protect mice against norovirus infection, which infects B cells and tuft cells (33, 34), but human norovirus is thought to primarily infect epithelial cells, particularly in immunocompromised persons who develop chronic norovirus infections (35). SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has also been observed to replicate in IEC (36), and like RV, appears to replicate in mature IEC, which express the SARS-CoV-2 receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2. Intestinal replication of SARS-CoV-2 is thought to contribute to extrarespiratory pathologies associated with COVID-19 (37). As such, the use of IL-18/22based therapy may be a potential strategy to treat chronic RV and/or norovirus infections in person with immune dysfunction and, moreover, might serve to mitigate severe cases of COVID-19.

This study sought to ascertain the mechanism by which IL-22 and IL-18 prevent and cure RV infection. Mice were orally administered RV. Extent of infection was assayed my measuring viral genomes and proteins in the intestine. IL-18 and or IL-22 were administered to mice with various genetic deficiencies. Cell extrusion and cell death were measured. All procedures involving mice were approved by GSUs animal care and use committee (Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee no.17047).

All mice used herein were adults (i.e., 4 to 8 weeks old) on a C57BL/6 background bred at Georgia State University (GSU) (Atlanta, GA). RV-infected mice were housed in an animal biosafety level 2 facility. WT, Rag-1/, IL-18/, IL-18-R/, Stat3flox, and Villin-cre were purchased from the Jackson laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME, USA). NLRC4/, IL-22/, and IL-22-R/ mice were provided by Genentech (South San Francisco, CA, USA). TLR5/ and TLR5//NLRC4/ and WT littermates were maintained as previously described (5). Gasdermin D/E/ mice, whose generation and initial characterization were previously described (22), were shipped to GSU and studied in original and cross-fostered state as indicated in results.

Murine Fc-IL-22 was provided by Genentech Inc. Murine IL-18 was purchased from Sino Biological Inc. (Beijing, China). Procedures for isolation of flagellin and verification of purity were described previously (5). Recombinant murine EGF (mEGF) was purchased from PeproTech.

Age- and sex-matched adult mice (8 to 12 weeks of age) were orally administered 100 l of 1.33% sodium bicarbonate (Sigma-Aldrich) and then inoculated with 105 SD50 of murine RV EC strain. Approach used to determine SD50 has been described previously (5).

Five-week-old Rag-1/ mice were infected with murineRV (same infection procedure as described in the Acute models section). Feces were collected 3 weeks after RV inoculation to confirm the establishment of chronic infection.

Cell culture-adapted rhesus RV (RRV) was trypsin-activated [trypsin (10 g/ml)] in serum-free RPMI-1640 (cellgro) at 37C for 30 min. The basolateral side of the polarized Caco-2 cells was stimulated with cytokines, 1.5 hours before expose to RRV infection as previously described (5). The upper chamber of transwells was infected with trypsin-pretreated RRV and allowed to adsorb at 37C for 40 min before being washed with serum-free medium. The presence of cytokines was maintained at a constant level throughout the experiment.

Fecal pellets were collected daily from individual mouse on days 0 to 10 after RV inoculation. Samples were suspended in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) [10% (w/v)], after centrifugation, supernatants of fecal homogenates were analyzed by ELISA, and after multiple serial dilutions, more detailed descriptions of experimental procedures are previously described (5).

Mice were subjected to x-ray irradiation using an 8.5 gray (Gy) equivalent followed by injection of 2 107 bone marrow cells administered intravenously as previously described (5). All mice were afforded an 8-week recovery period before experimental use. For the first 2 weeks after transfer, mice were maintained in sterile cages and supplied with drinking water containing neomycin (2 mg/ml) (Mediatech/Corning).

Intestinal sections were fixed in methanol-Carnoys fixative solution (60% methanol, 30% chloroform, and 10% glacial acetic acid) for 48 hours at 4C. Fixed tissues were washed two times in dry methanol for 30 min each, followed by two times in absolute ethanol for 20 min each, and then incubated in two baths of xylene before proceeding to paraffin embedding. Thin sections (4 m) were sliced from paraffin-embedded tissues and placed on glass slides after floating on a water bath. The sections were dewaxed by initial incubation at 60C for 20 min, followed by two baths in prewarmed xylene substitute solution for 10 min each. Deparaffinized sections were then hydrated in solutions with decreasing concentration of ethanol (100, 95, 70, 50, and 30%) every 5 min in each bath. Last, slides allowed to dry almost completely and were then mounted with ProLong antifade mounting media containing 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) before analysis by fluorescence microscopy.

Intestinal sections were fixed in 10% buffered formalin at room temperature for 48 hours and then embedded in paraffin. Tissues were sectioned at 4 m thickness, and IEC death was detected by TUNEL assay using the In Situ Cell Death Detection Kit, Fluorescein (Roche) according to the manufacturers instructions.

IECs lysate (20 g per lane) was separated by SDSpolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis through 4 to 20% Mini-PROTEAN TGX gel (Bio-Rad, USA), transferred to nitrocellulose membranes, and analyzed by immunoblot, as previously described (5). Briefly, isolated IEC was incubated with radioimmunoprecipitation assay lysis buffer (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA) for 30 min at room temperature. Subsequently, cell lysates were homogenized by pipette and subjected to full-speed centrifugation. Protein bands were detected for cleaved caspase-3, phosphor-STAT3, and anti-actin (Cell Signaling Technology) and incubated with horseradish peroxidaseconjugated anti-rabbit secondary antibody. Immunoblotted proteins were visualized with Western blotting detection reagents (GE Healthcare) and then imaged using the ChemiDoc XRS+ system (Bio-Rad).

The entire small intestine was harvested from mice according to indicated experimental design and sliced longitudinally before being washed gently in PBS to remove the luminal content. Tissues were processed and maintained at 4C throughout. Cleaned tissue samples were further minced into 1- to 2-mm3 pieces and shaken in 20 ml of Hanks balanced salt solution (HBSS) containing 2 mM EDTA and 10 mM Hepes for 30 min. An additional step of vigorous vortexing in fresh HBSS (10 mM Hepes) after EDTA incubation facilitated cell disaggregation. IECs were then filtered through 70-m nylon mesh strainer (BD Biosciences), centrifuged, and resuspended in PBS.

Bulk leukocytes and IECs isolated above were incubated with succinimidyl esters (NHS ester)Alexa Fluor 430, which permitted determination of cell viability. Cells were then blocked by incubation with anti-CD16/anti-CD-32 (10 g/ml) (clone 2.4G2, American Type Culture Collection). Twenty minutes later, cells were stained with fluorescently conjugated antibodies: CD26-PE (clone H194-112, eBioscience), CD44-PECy7 (clone IM7, eBioscience), CD45fluorescein isothiocyanate (clone, 30-F11, eBioscience), and CD326-allophycocyanin (clone G8.8, eBioscience). Last, stained cells were fixed with 4% formaldehyde for 10 min before whole-cell population was analyzed on a BD LSR II flow cytometer. Collected data were analyzed using FlowJo.

Host DNA was quantitated from 100 mg of luminal content (100 mg) from small intestine by using the QIAamp DNA Stool Mini kit (Qiagen) and subjected to qPCR using QuantiFast SYBR Green PCR kit (Bio-Rad) in a CDX96 apparatus (Bio-Rad) with specific mouse 18S oligonucleotides primers. The sense and antisense oligonucleotides primers used were: 18s-1F: 5-GTAACCCGTTGAACCCCATT-3 and 18s-1R: 5-CCATCCAATCGGTAGTAGCG-3. PCR results were expressed as actual numbers of IEC shedding per 100 mg of luminal content, calculated using a standard curve, which was generated using twofold serial dilutions of mouse colon carcinoma cell line MC26. DNA was extracted from each vial with known number of MC26 cells after serial dilutions, and then real-time qPCR was performed. The cycle quantification (Cq) values (x axis) are inversely proportional to the amount of target genes (18S) (y axis), and a standard curve is applied to estimate the numbers of cell shedding from luminal content based on the quantity of target copies (18S) from each sample.

To extract RNA, cell pellets were homogenized with TRIzol (Invitrogen), and chloroform was added to the homogenate to separate RNA (an upper aqueous layer) from DNA and proteins (a red lower organic layer). Isopropanol facilitated the precipitation of RNA out of solution, and after centrifugation, the impurities were removed by washing with 75% ethanol. RNA pellets were resuspended in ribonuclease-free water and underwent quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Total RNA from luminal content was purified from the RNeasy PowerMicrobiome Kit according to the manufacturers instructions. Primers that target non-structural protein 3 region: EC.C (+) (5-GTTCGTTGTGCCTCATTCG-3 and EC.C () (5-TCGGAACGTACTTCTGGAC-3) were applied to quantify viral genomes from IEC and luminal content. RV replication was quantitated as previously described (38).

A pulse-chase experimental strategy was used to label intestinal enterocytes with BrdU to estimate the IEC migration rate along the crypt-villus axis over a defined period of time. Briefly, 8-week-old mice were intraperitoneally injected with either PBS or cytokine(s) (IL-22 and/or IL-18) 1 hour before BrdU treatment (50 g/mg of mice body weight, ip). After 16 hours, mice were euthanized, and a segment of the jejunum were resected, immediately embedded in optimal cutting temperature compound (OCT) (Sigma-Adrich) and then underwent tissue sectioning. Tissue sections (4 m) were firstly fixed in 4% formaldehyde for 30 min at room temperature and then washed three times in PBS. DNA denaturation was performed by incubating the sections in prewarmed 1.5 N HCl for 30 min at 37C, and then acid was neutralized by rinsing sections three times in PBS. Before BrdU immunostaining, sections were blocked with rabbit serum (BioGenex, Fremont, CA) for 1 hour at room temperature, then incubated with anti-BrdU (Abcam) 2 hours at 37C, and counterstained with DAPI. The BrdU-labeled cells were visualized by fluorescence microscopy.

The proximal jejunum was imbedded into OCT compound, and then sliced into 6-m-thin sections. Tissue slides were incubated in 4% paraformaldehyde for 15 min, followed by 5 min washing of PBS twice. Autofluorescence caused by free aldehydes was quenched by incubating slides in 50 mM NH4Cl in PBS or 0.1 M glycine in PBS for 14 min at room temperature, followed by 5 min PBS washing three times. Bovine serum albuminPBS (3%) was used to block the tissue samples for 1 hour at room temperature. The slides were then washed with PBS for 5 min, followed by incubation with primary antibody (1:100; hyperimmune guinea pig anti-RRV serum) in blocking buffer overnight at 4C. After slides were washed three times with PBS, secondary antibody (donkey antiguinea pig immunoglobulin G, Jackson ImmunoResearch, 706-586-148) was applied to the sample slides for 1 to 2 hours at room temperature. The fluorescence emission of mRV antigen was detected by fluorescence microscopy.

Significance was determined using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) or students t test (GraphPad Prism software, version 6.04). Differences were noted as significant *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, and ****P < 0.0001.

Funding: This work was supported by NIH grants DK083890 and DK099071 (to A.T.G.). J.Z. is supported by career development award from American Diabetes Association. B.C. is supported by a Starting Grant from the European Research Council, an Innovator Award from the Kenneth Rainin Foundation, and a Chaire dExcellence from Paris University. Author contributions: Z.Z. led performance of all experiments. J.Z. and Z.S. helped with specimen analysis. B.Z., L.E.-M., Y.W., and B.C. advised in experimental design and data interpretation. X.S. and F.S. provided advice and key reagents. A.G. helped design study and drafted manuscript. Competing interests: A.T.G. and B.Z. are inventors on patent application (WO2015054386A1 WIPO) held by GSU that covers Prevention and treatment of rotavirus infection using IL-18 and IL-22. Data and materials availability: All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper or the Supplementary Materials. All mice are either commercially available or available under a material transfer agreement.

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IL-22induced cell extrusion and IL-18induced cell death prevent and cure rotavirus infection - Science

Heres a look at how Maines members of Congress voted over the previous week.

Along with its roll call votes this week, the House also passed these measures: the Cyber Sense Act (H.R. 360), to require the Secretary of Energy to establish a voluntary Cyber Sense program to test the cybersecurity of products and technologies intended for use in the bulk-power system; the Consumer Product Safety Inspection Enhancement Act (H.R. 8134), to support the Consumer Product Safety Commissions capability to protect consumers from unsafe consumer products; the School-Based Allergies and Asthma Management Program Act (H.R. 2468), to increase the preference given, in awarding certain allergies and asthma-related grants, to states that require certain public schools to have allergies and asthma management programs; and the Effective Suicide Screening and Assessment in the Emergency Department Act (H.R. 4861), to establish a program to improve the identification, assessment, and treatment of patients in the emergency department who are at risk of suicide.

House Vote 1:

PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION: The House has passed a resolution (H. Res. 1155), sponsored by Rep. Eric Swalwell, D-Calif., reaffirming the Houses commitment to an orderly and peaceful transfer of presidential power after the November election. Swalwell said: The peaceful transition of power is not only a bedrock principle of Americas founding; it is a living ideal that we must exercise and pass down to our children. An opponent, Rep. Matt Gaetz, R-Fla., called the resolution a way for Democrats to attack the president and disguise the fact that they will refuse to accept the election results unless they win. The vote, on Sept. 29, was 397 yeas to 5 nays.

YEAS: Pingree D-ME (1st), Golden D-ME (2nd)

House Vote 2:

DISCLOSING TIES TO UYGHUR LABOR: The House has passed the Uyghur Forced Labor Disclosure Act (H.R. 6270), sponsored by Rep. Jennifer Wexton, D-Va., to require publicly traded companies to disclose whether they have business ties to Chinas Uyghur Autonomous Region in Xinjiang province. Wexton said the requirement would let investors know of a given companys passive complicity or active exploitation of one of the most pressing and ongoing human rights violations of our lifetime. A bill opponent, Rep. Anthony Gonzalez, R-Ohio, said it wrongly tried to have the Securities and Exchange Commission police human rights violations, a role that would be better handled by the Treasury Department. The vote, on Sept. 30, was 253 yeas to 163 nays.

YEAS: Pingree D-ME (1st), Golden D-ME (2nd)

House Vote 3:

DISEASE THERAPIES: The House has passed the Timely ReAuthorization of Necessary Stem-cell Programs Lends Access to Needed Therapies Act (H.R. 4764), sponsored by Rep. Doris O. Matsui, D-Calif. The bill would reauthorize a program for transplanting umbilical cord blood, stem cells and bone marrow to adults and children suffering from various diseases. The vote, on Sept. 30, was unanimous with 414 yeas.

YEAS: Pingree D-ME (1st), Golden D-ME (2nd)

House Vote 4:

FURTHER COVID-19 SPENDING: The House has approved an amendment to the Americas Conservation Enhancement Act (H.R. 925). The amendment would spend $2.2 trillion on new COVID-19 measures, including testing and treatment efforts and unemployment benefits. A supporter, Rep. James P. McGovern, D-Mass., said the spending was needed for families to pay for necessities like food, utilities, and rent during this pandemic. An opponent, Rep. Tom Cole, R-Okla., said the amendment had been hurriedly brought to the floor without minority input or adequate time for review, and that it would not pass the Senate. The vote, on Oct. 1, was 214 yeas to 207 nays.

YEAS: Pingree D-ME (1st)

NAYS: Golden D-ME (2nd)

Senate Vote 1:

CONTINUING APPROPRIATIONS: The Senate has passed the Continuing Appropriations Act and Other Extensions Act (H.R. 8337), sponsored by Rep. Nita M. Lowey, D-N.Y., to extend through December 11 funding for health programs, including Medicare, surface transportation, and many other government programs. The vote, on Sept. 30, was 84 yeas to 10 nays.

YEAS: Collins R-ME, King I-ME

Senate Vote 2:

OBAMACARE LITIGATION: The Senate has rejected a cloture motion to end debate on a motion to consider a bill (S. 4653), sponsored by Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., that would block the Justice Department from making arguments in court for cancelling any provision of the 2010 health care reform law (Obamacare). The vote to end debate, on Oct. 1, was 51 yeas to 43 nays, with a three-fifths majority needed for approval.

YEAS: Collins R-ME, King I-ME

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How Maine's members of Congress voted this week - Bangor Daily News

By Claudia Paba Prada, MD

For more than 30 years, oncologists have used immunotherapy to treat cancer, harnessing the strength of the patients own immune system to fight the disease. For many, it has been a welcome alternative or supplement to more traditional chemotherapy, radiation, and surgical options.

The disease I specialize in, multiple myeloma, has no cure, but patients can maintain quality of life with treatment combinations. These individuals have cancer cells form in plasma cells within bone marrow, crowding out healthy (red and white) blood cells and damaging bones, the immune system, and kidneys. We use immunotherapy in combination with chemotherapy to treat cancerous plasma cells, transitioning to different drugs when the cancer mutates and becomes resistant to the previously prescribed treatment. Our goal is to get patients to a stem cell transplant or, if they arent an appropriate candidate, to utilize a combination of drugs to kill myeloma cells. We then continue maintenance therapy to keep cancer cells dormant and preserve their existing lifestyle.

Its critical that we never stop studying the biology of the diseases we see, since each patient is different and there is no one-size-fits-all treatment. What approaches have been used previously, their toxicity, and the patients comorbidities (diabetes, heart issues, etc.) all factor into what may or may not be the appropriate next step. With younger, newly diagnosed patients, a more aggressive approach to get to transplantation may be pursued. In older patients, the goal is usually to get to some level of remission, even if that isnt a permanent solution.

Some myeloma patients, however, dont respond to any of the available chemotherapy drugs or may have a cancer relapse after their transplant. Thats why there is excitement within the cancer community about clinical trials were participating in at the

Moffitt Malignant Hematology and Cellular Therapy Program at Memorial Hospital West that have increased what were able to accomplish through immunotherapy.

The new approach is called CAR-T cell therapy and its administered like a blood transfusion after the patients own T cells are reprogrammed to attack the cancer cells. This is done by genetically altering T cells so they produce synthetic molecules called chimeric antigen receptors, or CARs, which enable T cells to recognize and attach to a certain protein in tumor cells and kill them.

We see 70-80 new multiple myeloma cases each year and more than 300 with relapse disease so, while not every patient will be a CAR-T candidate, were hoping many more will be as the trial progresses. Were using drugs under research that are unavailable anywhere else in Florida for myeloma and expect to expand to include leukemia and lymphoma patients in the coming year.

All this work is being done as we establish a myeloma-specific institute at Moffitt/Memorial that will be the only one of its type in Broward and Palm Beach counties. Bringing specialists together and providing South Floridians access to clinical trials is part of what were planning, but its also important to address the whole person and not just the disease. Thats why were already collaborating with the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society of Broward County and have established a support group for myeloma patients and their caregivers. The group will address issues related to a cancer diagnosis and provide opportunities for attendees to discuss concerns, anxieties, feelings related to their illness, treatment, and connected issues. Meetings, even the virtual ones were having during COVID-19, are designed to offer mutual support and information to members by connecting them to others whose situations are similar to their own.

My own journey has taken me from my home country of Colombia to an internal medicine residency in Philadelphia, hematology/oncology fellowship in Memphis, and an advanced fellowship in hematologic malignancies at Dana Farber Cancer Institute in Boston. I was at Dana Farber for seven years before relocating to South Florida in 2017. I joined the Moffitt team at Memorial Hospital West in July and am anxious to further the research and treatment of multiple myeloma at one of the nations leading cancer centers. CAR-T cellular therapy is one of the ways we can get there together.

Link:
New Weapons in the Battle Against Blood Cancers: Current Articles - South Florida Hospital News

Washington Here's a look at how area members of Congress voted over the previous week.

Along with its roll call votes this week, the House also passed these measures: the Cyber Sense Act (H.R. 360), to require the secretary of energy to establish a voluntary Cyber Sense program to test the cybersecurity of products and technologies intended for use in the bulk-power system; the Consumer Product Safety Inspection Enhancement Act (H.R. 8134), to support the Consumer Product Safety Commission's capability to protect consumers from unsafe consumer products; the School-Based Allergies and Asthma Management Program Act (H.R. 2468), to increase the preference given, in awarding certain allergies and asthma-related grants, to states that require certain public schools to have allergies and asthma management programs; and the Effective Suicide Screening and Assessment in the Emergency Department Act (H.R. 4861), to establish a program to improve the identification, assessment, and treatment of patients in the emergency department who are at risk of suicide.

HOUSE VOTES:

House Vote 1:

PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION: The House has passed a resolution (H. Res. 1155), sponsored by Rep. Eric Swalwell, D-Calif., reaffirming the House's commitment to an orderly and peaceful transfer of presidential power after the November election. Swalwell said: "The peaceful transition of power is not only a bedrock principle of America's founding; it is a living ideal that we must exercise and pass down to our children." An opponent, Rep. Matt Gaetz, R-Fla., called the resolution "a way for Democrats to attack the president and disguise the fact that they will refuse to accept the election results unless they win." The vote, on Sept. 29, was 397 yeas to 5 nays.

YEAS: Mooney R-WV (2nd), McKinley R-WV (1st), Miller R-WV (3rd)

House Vote 2:

DISCLOSING TIES TO UYGHUR LABOR: The House has passed the Uyghur Forced Labor Disclosure Act (H.R. 6270), sponsored by Rep. Jennifer Wexton, D-Va., to require publicly traded companies to disclose whether they have business ties to China's Uyghur Autonomous Region in Xinjiang province. Wexton said the requirement would let investors know of a given company's "passive complicity or active exploitation of one of the most pressing and ongoing human rights violations of our lifetime." A bill opponent, Rep. Anthony Gonzalez, R-Ohio, said it wrongly tried to have the Securities and Exchange Commission police human rights violations, a role that would be better handled by the Treasury Department. The vote, on Sept. 30, was 253 yeas to 163 nays.

NAYS: Mooney R-WV (2nd), McKinley R-WV (1st), Miller R-WV (3rd)

House Vote 3:

DISEASE THERAPIES: The House has passed the Timely ReAuthorization of Necessary Stem-cell Programs Lends Access to Needed Therapies Act (H.R. 4764), sponsored by Rep. Doris O. Matsui, D-Calif. The bill would reauthorize a program for transplanting umbilical cord blood, stem cells, and bone marrow to adults and children suffering from various diseases. The vote, on Sept. 30, was unanimous with 414 yeas.

YEAS: Mooney R-WV (2nd), McKinley R-WV (1st), Miller R-WV (3rd)

House Vote 4:

FURTHER COVID-19 SPENDING: The House has approved an amendment to the America's Conservation Enhancement Act (H.R. 925). The amendment would spend $2.2 trillion on new Covid-19 measures, including testing and treatment efforts and unemployment benefits. A supporter, Rep. James P. McGovern, D-Mass., said the spending was needed "for families to pay for necessities like food, utilities, and rent during this pandemic." An opponent, Rep. Tom Cole, R-Okla., said the amendment had been hurriedly brought to the floor without minority input or adequate time for review, and that it would not pass the Senate. The vote, on Oct. 1, was 214 yeas to 207 nays.

NAYS: Mooney R-WV (2nd), McKinley R-WV (1st), Miller R-WV (3rd)

SENATE VOTES:

Senate Vote 1:

CONTINUING APPROPRIATIONS: The Senate has passed the Continuing Appropriations Act and Other Extensions Act (H.R. 8337), sponsored by Rep. Nita M. Lowey, D-N.Y., to extend through Dec. 11 funding for health programs, including Medicare, surface transportation, and many other government programs. The vote, on Sept. 30, was 84 yeas to 10 nays.

YEAS: Manchin D-WV, Capito R-WV

Senate Vote 2:

OBAMACARE LITIGATION: The Senate has rejected a cloture motion to end debate on a motion to consider a bill (S. 4653), sponsored by Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., that would block the Justice Department from making arguments in court for canceling any provision of the 2010 health care reform law (Obamacare). The vote to end debate, on Oct. 1, was 51 yeas to 43 nays, with a three-fifths majority needed for approval.

YEAS: Manchin D-WV

NAYS: Capito R-WV

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How They Voted | News | register-herald.com - Beckley Register-Herald

HOUSTON, Oct. 1, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- FibroGenesis, the leading developer of fibroblast based therapeutic solutions for unmet medical needs has entered into a clinical collaboration agreement with Brazilian R4D Biotech.Holding the world's largest patent portfolio in the field of cell therapies using fibroblasts, FibroGenesis is expanding its ongoing clinical programs internationally. The partnership will pave the way for clinical studies of PneumoBlast in Brazil as a unique treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) for patients affected by COVID-19, in parallel to clinical studies in the United States upon approval by the FDA.

Administration of PneumoBlast in pre-clinical and animal studies resulted in dramatic improvement of immunological signaling molecules, reducing concentrations of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, interleukin-17, interleukin-18, and Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha TNFa. Company scientists have also demonstrated that PneumoBlast has induced statistically significant reduction of lung fibrosis and lung scarring in COVID-19 infected animals, particularly when compared to more conventional treatments using bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Furthermore, recent data supports the potential benefits of PneumoBlast for preventing COVID-19 blood clotting. Both companies will collaborate on a clinical study design that meets the needs of Brazilian patients.

"As the scientific and medical community is discovering more about the biological and medical consequences of the COVID-19 infection, FibroGenesis is eager to contribute to the therapeutic cure options currently being created to fight this global war against this virus," commented Pete O'Heeron, Chief Executive Officer, FibroGenesis. "The collaboration with R4D Biotech is another strategic milestone that emphasizes our commitment to expand fibroblast research globally."

"The lab results which indicate our cell therapy approach possesses both therapeutic effects on animal models of the acute stage of COVID-19, and also benefits a cure for residual pathology seen in COVID-19 patients, has our research team extremely excited," said Thomas Ichim, Ph.D., Chief Scientific Officer, FibroGenesis.

"Technology transfer is at the core of this partnership," said Paulo Ferraz, BRICS/Emerging Markets Director of international fund Newstar Ventures and an advisor for FibroGenesis on this transaction. "R4D Biotech has access to sophisticated resources comprising research facilities and hospitals, and its talent pool includes scientific advisors who are recognized academics and distinguished members of the Brazilian Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences. PneumoBlast clinical study will represent the first step in a long-term relationship designed to aid in the discovery of advanced therapeutic solutions for chronic medical needs."

About R4D Biotech:R4D Biotech is a Brazilian emerging company headquartered in the state of So Paulo focused on research and development for biotechnology and healthcare, with the mission of bringing disruptive technology innovation across all steps of clinical development in life sciences.

About FibroGenesis:Based in Houston, Texas, FibroGenesis is a regenerative medicine company developing an innovative solution for chronic disease treatment using human dermal fibroblasts. Currently, FibroGenesis holds 240+ U.S. and international issued patents/patents pending across a variety of clinical pathways, including Disc Degeneration, Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson's, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy, Cancer, Diabetes, Liver Failure, Colitis and Heart Failure. FibroGenesis represents the next generation of medical advancement in cell therapy.Visit http://www.Fibro-Genesis.com.

View original content to download multimedia:http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/fibrogenesis-expands-fight-against-covid-19-in-brazil-with-international-collaboration-301144126.html

SOURCE FibroGenesis

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FibroGenesis Expands Fight Against COVID-19 In Brazil with International Collaboration - BioSpace

Targeted News Service Published 8:39 p.m. ET Oct. 2, 2020

WASHINGTON - Here's a look at how area members of Congress voted Sept. 25 to Oct. 1.

Along with its roll call votes, the House also passed these measures: the Cyber Sense Act (H.R. 360), to require the secretary of energy to establish a voluntary Cyber Sense program to test the cybersecurity of products and technologies intended for use in the bulk-power system; the Consumer Product Safety Inspection Enhancement Act (H.R. 8134), to support the Consumer Product Safety Commission's capability to protect consumers from unsafe consumer products; the School-Based Allergies and Asthma Management Program Act (H.R. 2468), to increase the preference given, in awarding certain allergies and asthma-related grants, to states that require certain public schools to have allergies and asthma management programs; and the Effective Suicide Screening and Assessment in the Emergency Department Act (H.R. 4861), to establish a program to improve the identification, assessment, and treatment of patients in the emergency department who are at risk of suicide.

House Vote 1:

PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION: The House has passed a resolution (H. Res. 1155), sponsored by Rep. Eric Swalwell, D-Calif., reaffirming the House's commitment to an orderly and peaceful transfer of presidential power after the November election. Swalwell said: "The peaceful transition of power is not only a bedrock principle of America's founding; it is a living ideal that we must exercise and pass down to our children." An opponent, Rep. Matt Gaetz, R-Fla., called the resolution "a way for Democrats to attack the president and disguise the fact that they will refuse to accept the election results unless they win." The vote, on Sept. 29, was 397 yeas to 5 nays.

YEAS: Bob Gibbs R-OH (7th), Troy Balderson R-OH (12th)

NOT VOTING: Jim Jordan R-OH (4th)

House Vote 2:

DISCLOSING TIES TO UYGHUR LABOR: The House has passed the Uyghur Forced Labor Disclosure Act (H.R. 6270), sponsored by Rep. Jennifer Wexton, D-Va., to require publicly traded companies to disclose whether they have business ties to China's Uyghur Autonomous Region in Xinjiang province. Wexton said the requirement would let investors know of a given company's "passive complicity or active exploitation of one of the most pressing and ongoing human rights violations of our lifetime." A bill opponent, Rep. Anthony Gonzalez, R-Ohio, said it wrongly tried to have the Securities and Exchange Commission police human rights violations, a role that would be better handled by the Treasury Department. The vote, on Sept. 30, was 253 yeas to 163 nays.

NAYS: Gibbs R-OH (7th), Balderson R-OH (12th),Jordan R-OH (4th)

House Vote 3:

DISEASE THERAPIES: The House has passed the Timely ReAuthorization of Necessary Stem-cell Programs Lends Access to Needed Therapies Act (H.R. 4764), sponsored by Rep. Doris O. Matsui, D-Calif. The bill would reauthorize a program for transplanting umbilical cord blood, stem cellsand bone marrow to adults and children suffering from various diseases. The vote, on Sept. 30, was unanimous with 414 yeas.

YEAS: Gibbs R-OH (7th), Balderson R-OH (12th),Jordan R-OH (4th)

House Vote 4:

FURTHER COVID-19 SPENDING: The House has approved an amendment to the America's Conservation Enhancement Act (H.R. 925). The amendment would spend $2.2 trillion on new COVID-19 measures, including testing and treatment efforts and unemployment benefits. A supporter, Rep. James P. McGovern, D-Mass., said the spending was needed "for families to pay for necessities like food, utilitiesand rent during this pandemic." An opponent, Rep. Tom Cole, R-Okla., said the amendment had been hurriedly brought to the floor without minority input or adequate time for review, and that it would not pass the Senate. The vote, on Oct. 1, was 214 yeas to 207 nays.

NAYS: Gibbs R-OH (7th), Balderson R-OH (12th),Jordan R-OH (4th)

Senate Vote 1:

CONTINUING APPROPRIATIONS: The Senate has passed the Continuing Appropriations Act and Other Extensions Act (H.R. 8337), sponsored by Rep. Nita M. Lowey, D-N.Y., to extend through Dec.11 funding for health programs, including Medicare, surface transportationand many other government programs. The vote, on Sept. 30, was 84 yeas to 10 nays.

YEAS: Sherrod Brown D-OH, Rob Portman R-OH

Senate Vote 2:

OBAMACARE LITIGATION: The Senate has rejected a cloture motion to end debate on a motion to consider a bill (S. 4653), sponsored by Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., that would block the Justice Department from making arguments in court for cancelling any provision of the 2010 health care reform law (Obamacare). The vote to end debate, on Oct. 1, was 51 yeas to 43 nays, with a three-fifths majority needed for approval.

YEAS: Brown D-OH

NAYS: Portman R-OH

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Here's how area members of Congress voted - Mansfield News Journal

Provided by the Pennsylvania Department of Health:

Secretary of Health Dr. Rachel Levine today reminded Pennsylvanians of the seriousness of sickle cell disease and the importance of getting tested for it. Sickle cell disease is the most common inherited blood disease.

We want people to get tested for sickle cell disease if they believe they could be a carrier of it, Levine said. We inherit traits from our parents like eye and hair color, but they also pass along internal traits like blood type and sickle cell conditions. It is important to be tested to confirm if you have sickle cell disease, so that treatment for the disease can be started right away to further protect yourself and your family.

Sickle cell disease is an inherited blood disease where an individuals red blood cells take a crescent or sickle shape. This change in shape can create blockages that prevent blood from reaching parts of the body. As a result, people with sickle cell complications can experience anemia, gallstones, stroke, chronic pain, organ damage and even premature death.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), sickle cell disease affects approximately 100,000 Americans. This disease has a greater influence on African American and Hispanic populations but is also found among many other races and ethnicities.

Sickle cell disease is one of the 10 mandatory diseasesscreened for newborns. These screenings are conducted with the goal of eliminating or reducing death, disease and disability in newborn children. In addition, sickle cell disease can be diagnosed before birth to provide an early diagnosis and find treatment.

Treatment can help those with sickle cell disease live well and be healthy, but there is ultimately no cure for sickle cell disease. Treatment requires:

Finding good medical care and getting regular checkups;

Staying up to date on vaccinations and washing hands frequently to prevent infections;

Learning healthy habits;

Looking into clinical studies; and

Finding support and assistance.

Studies have shown that donated bone marrow or stem cell transplants have helped cure sickle cell disease in children with severe cases of the disease. This means that the healthy donated bone marrow or stem cell transplant replaces an individuals bone marrow that is not working properly. Bone marrow or stem cell transplants can be risky and for the donation to work the individual would need to be a close match like a brother or sister.

The Wolf administration has developed aprescribing guideline for the treatment of acute and chronic pain in patients with sickle cell diseaseto assist physicians treating patients with the disease. The guideline provides best practices to treat acute painful crises that occur with sickle cell disease patients as well as best practices for chronic pain care. The sickle cell disease guideline addresses the specific needs of that patient population. This can help prevent the misapplication of recommendations to populations that are outside the scope of other prescribing guidelines, including patients experiencing acute sickle cell crises. It is especially important to have resources specifically for the treatment of sickle cell disease patients as this patient population often experiences racial disparities and stigma.

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PA Health Secretary: Sickle Cell Disease Treatment Hinges On Getting Testing - LevittownNow.com

Transparency Market Research (TMR)has published a new report titled, Alpha mannosidosis Market Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends, and Forecast, 20192027. According to the report, the globalalpha mannosidosis marketwas valued atUS$ 7.6 Mnin2018and is projected to expand at a CAGR of9.9%from2019to2027.

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Overview

Patent-cliff To Drive Rare Disease Market to Drive Market

Request for Analysis of COVID19 Impact on Alpha mannosidosis Market

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Bone Marrow Transplant Segment to Dominate Market

Hospitals End-user segment to be Highly Lucrative Segment

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Competitive Landscape

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Transparency Market Research is a global market intelligence company providing global business information reports and services. Our exclusive blend of quantitative forecasting and trends analysis provides forward-looking insight for several decision makers. Our experienced team of analysts, researchers, and consultants use proprietary data sources and various tools and techniques to gather and analyze information.

Our data repository is continuously updated and revised by a team of research experts so that it always reflects latest trends and information. With a broad research and analysis capability, Transparency Market Research employs rigorous primary and secondary research techniques in developing distinctive data sets and research material for business reports.

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Alpha mannosidosis Market projected to expand at a CAGR of 9.9% from 2019 to 2027 - The Daily Chronicle

Since late June, life has changed for Rylee Schroeder and her parents, Megan and Levi Schroeder.

It was then the Neosho High School senior sought help for extreme fatigue, shortness of breath, nosebleeds and more. The symptoms, combined with a previously diagnosed issue with low platelets, led Rylees pediatrician to run a series of lab tests.

The news sent the family first to Freeman Hospital West in Joplin, and then Childrens Mercy Hospital in Kansas City.

Doctors discovered Rylees low hemoglobin, platelets and white blood counts were caused by myelodysplastic syndrome. Additional testing revealed the teen has an extremely rare congenital disorder called Shwachman-Diamond syndrome and a TP53 gene mutation that led to the MDS.

Megan said her daughter is only the 36th patient known to have this combination of illnesses, which have progressed to bone marrow failure.

On Friday, Rylee received a stem cell bone marrow transplant at Childrens Mercy in Kansas City, thanks to a donation from her 12-year-old brother Colin.

Megan said her son was a 12/12 match for Rylee. Typically, doctors look for a 10/10 match, or a 5/5 match with a parent. The Be a Match Donor Registry located four 10/10 matches, two donors in the United States and two international donors.

If everything goes well with the transplant, doctors hope to see Colins stem cells begin to take hold in Rylees body between Day 14 to Day 21, post transplant.

Relying on faith

Through everything, Rylee and her family are relying on their faith, as well as support from friends at Racine Christian Church and within the community of Neosho, to get them through the tough days.

We are lucky to have a great church and thankful Sunday serves are online on Facebook, Megan said. We may not be there, but we still feel a part of it, and they are always ready to lift us up.

Many times, Ive thought Im not strong enough to do this, but Im reminded that I am. We are so tired and weary but (God) has us.

Megan said shes used to being the one to offer help through giving and volunteering. Now their family is on the other side, leaning on the support of others.

Our faith means everything to us, Megan said. Without it, we wouldnt be doing as well as we are. Its hard enough as it is. If you dont have something to believe in with your whole heart to guide you and lean on, you would just be lost. It would be overwhelming to take it on yourself.

More about Rylee

Rylee, who turned 17 shortly after her diagnosis, is active in the NHS show choir, choir, Key Club and FCA.

A member of the Racine Christian Church youth leadership team, she was also slated to go to Ireland this summer pre-pandemic with the churchs mission team.

This past Thursday, Rylee was highlighted at the NHS volleyball game for childhood cancer awareness month. On Friday, she was recognized at the home football game.

Members of her show choir helped start a Go Fund Me account earlier this summer to help the family with travel expenses to and from Kansas City. Her youth minister has since created another one to help with the coming months.

Megan said the family always helps at Solomons Dance Studio recitals because the owner, Charity, uses the lessons to teach children to love dance and to love others as well as themselves.

Rylee was able to to attend the recital to watch her sister Erin dance. On the last day of the recital, Charity asked the entire family to come forward, offering prayers over the entire situation.

Rylees small group from the church, which meets on Wednesday evenings, livechats with her, allowing the teen to continue to be part of the discussions.

Before Rylee was admitted to begin the chemo needed prior to the transplant, she asked to rededicate her life to Christ. Megan said she wanted to feel his strength renewed as she went into the fight.

Our close friends all stayed behind after church that Sunday, even though it was last minute, to be witness to her baptism, Megan said. They are some of our strongest supporters. We would be lost without them.

Megan said those friends, steeped in faith, give her strength to sit at the hospital, holding Rylees hand.

I can reach out to any of them to start praying with me to help make me feel stronger when I feel I am failing her, Megan said. I know Gods got this. He is strong all the time even when we can not be strong.

Biblical baubles

Many of Rylee Schroeders friends are wearing a Rally behind Rylee bracelet featuring Isaiah 41:10: So do not fear, for I am with you; do not be dismayed, for I am your God. I will strengthen you and help you; I will uphold you with my righteous right hand.

A family friend made them to distribute to members of the community. A limited number remain. Information about the bracelets, and Rylees journey, may be found on a Facebook page, Rally Behind Rylee.

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Faith for the fight: Neosho teen deals with rare combination of illnesses - Joplin Globe

Transparency Market Research (TMR) has published a new report titled, Cord Blood Banking Services Market Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends, and Forecast, 20192027. According to the report, the globalcord blood banking services marketwas valued atUS$ 25.8 Mnin2018and is projected to expand at a CAGR of10.9%from2019to2027.

Overview

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High Incidence of genetic disorders and rise in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation rates to Drive Market

Private Cord Blood Bank Segment to Dominate Market

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North America to Dominate Global Market

Competitive Landscape

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About Us

Transparency Market Research is a global market intelligence company, providing global business information reports and services. Our exclusive blend of quantitative forecasting and trends analysis provides forward-looking insight for thousands of decision makers. Our experienced team of analysts, researchers, and consultants, uses proprietary data sources and various tools and techniques to gather and analyze information.

Our data repository is continuously updated and revised by a team of research experts, so that it always reflects the latest trends and information. With a broad research and analysis capability, Transparency Market Research employs rigorous primary and secondary research techniques in developing distinctive data sets and research material for business reports.

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Cord Blood Banking Services Market Estimated to Expand at a Robust CAGR by 2025 - Verdant News

The Stem Cell Banking market is expected to grow from USD X.X million in 2020 to USD X.X million by 2026, at a CAGR of X.X% during the forecast period. The global Stem Cell Banking market report is a comprehensive research that focuses on the overall consumption structure, development trends, sales models and sales of top countries in the global Stem Cell Banking market. The report focuses on well-known providers in the global Stem Cell Banking industry, market segments, competition, and the macro environment.

Under COVID-19 Outbreak, how the Stem Cell Banking Industry will develop is also analyzed in detail in Chapter 1.7 of the report., In Chapter 2.4, we analyzed industry trends in the context of COVID-19., In Chapter 3.5, we analyzed the impact of COVID-19 on the product industry chain based on the upstream and downstream markets., In Chapters 6 to 10 of the report, we analyze the impact of COVID-19 on various regions and major countries., In chapter 13.5, the impact of COVID-19 on the future development of the industry is pointed out.

A holistic study of the market is made by considering a variety of factors, from demographics conditions and business cycles in a particular country to market-specific microeconomic impacts. The study found the shift in market paradigms in terms of regional competitive advantage and the competitive landscape of major players.

Download PDF Sample of Stem Cell Banking Market report @ https://www.arcognizance.com/enquiry-sample/1315141

Key players in the global Stem Cell Banking market covered in Chapter 4:, Boyalife, StemCyte, Crioestaminal, Esperite, Americord, Cryo-cell, PBKM FamiCord, Beikebiotech, PacifiCord, RMS Regrow, Stemade Biotech, Krio, CCBC, Cordlife Group, Cellsafe Biotech Group, Vcanbio, Familycord, ViaCord, Cells4life, LifeCell, CBR, Cryo Stemcell

In Chapter 11 and 13.3, on the basis of types, the Stem Cell Banking market from 2015 to 2026 is primarily split into:, Placental Stem Cells (PSCs), Human Embryo-derived Stem Cells (HESCs), Bone Marrow-derived Stem Cells (BMSCs), Adipose Tissue-derived Stem Cells (ADSCs), Dental Pulp-derived Stem Cells (DPSCs), Other Stem Cell Sources

In Chapter 12 and 13.4, on the basis of applications, the Stem Cell Banking market from 2015 to 2026 covers:, Personalized Banking Applications, Clinical Applications, Hematopoietic Disorders, Autoimmune Disorders, Other Diseases, Research Applications, Disease Treatment Studies, Life Science Research, Drug Discovery

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Geographically, the detailed analysis of consumption, revenue, market share and growth rate, historic and forecast (2015-2026) of the following regions are covered in Chapter 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13:, North America (Covered in Chapter 6 and 13), United States, Canada, Mexico, Europe (Covered in Chapter 7 and 13), Germany, UK, France, Italy, Spain, Russia, Others, Asia-Pacific (Covered in Chapter 8 and 13), China, Japan, South Korea, Australia, India, Southeast Asia, Others, Middle East and Africa (Covered in Chapter 9 and 13), Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, Nigeria, South Africa, Others, South America (Covered in Chapter 10 and 13), Brazil, Argentina, Columbia, Chile, Others

Years considered for this report:, Historical Years: 2015-2019, Base Year: 2019, Estimated Year: 2020, Forecast Period: 2020-2026

Some Point of Table of Content:

Chapter One: Report Overview

Chapter Two: Global Market Growth Trends

Chapter Three: Value Chain of Stem Cell Banking Market

Chapter Four: Players Profiles

Chapter Five: Global Stem Cell Banking Market Analysis by Regions

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Chapter Six: North America Stem Cell Banking Market Analysis by Countries

Chapter Seven: Europe Stem Cell Banking Market Analysis by Countries

Chapter Eight: Asia-Pacific Stem Cell Banking Market Analysis by Countries

Chapter Nine: Middle East and Africa Stem Cell Banking Market Analysis by Countries

Chapter Ten: South America Stem Cell Banking Market Analysis by Countries

Chapter Eleven: Global Stem Cell Banking Market Segment by Types

Chapter Twelve: Global Stem Cell Banking Market Segment by Applications12.1 Global Stem Cell Banking Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Applications (2015-2020)12.1.1 Global Stem Cell Banking Sales and Market Share by Applications (2015-2020)12.1.2 Global Stem Cell Banking Revenue and Market Share by Applications (2015-2020)12.2 Personalized Banking Applications Sales, Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)12.3 Clinical Applications Sales, Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)12.4 Hematopoietic Disorders Sales, Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)12.5 Autoimmune Disorders Sales, Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)12.6 Other Diseases Sales, Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)12.7 Research Applications Sales, Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)12.8 Disease Treatment Studies Sales, Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)12.9 Life Science Research Sales, Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)12.10 Drug Discovery Sales, Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)

Chapter Thirteen: Stem Cell Banking Market Forecast by Regions (2020-2026) continue

List of tablesList of Tables and FiguresTable Global Stem Cell Banking Market Size Growth Rate by Type (2020-2026)Figure Global Stem Cell Banking Market Share by Type in 2019 & 2026Figure Placental Stem Cells (PSCs) FeaturesFigure Human Embryo-derived Stem Cells (HESCs) FeaturesFigure Bone Marrow-derived Stem Cells (BMSCs) FeaturesFigure Adipose Tissue-derived Stem Cells (ADSCs) FeaturesFigure Dental Pulp-derived Stem Cells (DPSCs) FeaturesFigure Other Stem Cell Sources FeaturesTable Global Stem Cell Banking Market Size Growth by Application (2020-2026)Figure Global Stem Cell Banking Market Share by Application in 2019 & 2026Figure Personalized Banking Applications DescriptionFigure Clinical Applications DescriptionFigure Hematopoietic Disorders DescriptionFigure Autoimmune Disorders DescriptionFigure Other Diseases DescriptionFigure Research Applications DescriptionFigure Disease Treatment Studies DescriptionFigure Life Science Research DescriptionFigure Drug Discovery DescriptionFigure Global COVID-19 Status OverviewTable Influence of COVID-19 Outbreak on Stem Cell Banking Industry DevelopmentTable SWOT AnalysisFigure Porters Five Forces AnalysisFigure Global Stem Cell Banking Market Size and Growth Rate 2015-2026Table Industry NewsTable Industry PoliciesFigure Value Chain Status of Stem Cell BankingFigure Production Process of Stem Cell BankingFigure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Stem Cell BankingFigure Major Company Analysis (by Business Distribution Base, by Product Type)Table Downstream Major Customer Analysis (by Region)Table Boyalife ProfileTable Boyalife Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020Table StemCyte ProfileTable StemCyte Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020Table Crioestaminal ProfileTable Crioestaminal Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020Table Esperite ProfileTable Esperite Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020Table Americord ProfileTable Americord Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020Table Cryo-cell ProfileTable Cryo-cell Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020Table PBKM FamiCord ProfileTable PBKM FamiCord Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020Table Beikebiotech ProfileTable Beikebiotech Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020Table PacifiCord ProfileTable PacifiCord Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020Table RMS Regrow ProfileTable RMS Regrow Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020Table Stemade Biotech ProfileTable Stemade Biotech Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020Table Krio ProfileTable Krio Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020Table CCBC ProfileTable CCBC Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020Table Cordlife Group ProfileTable Cordlife Group Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020Table Cellsafe Biotech Group ProfileTable Cellsafe Biotech Group Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020Table Vcanbio ProfileTable Vcanbio Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020Table Familycord ProfileTable Familycord Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020Table ViaCord ProfileTable ViaCord Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020Table Cells4life ProfileTable Cells4life Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020Table LifeCell ProfileTable LifeCell Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020Table CBR ProfileTable CBR Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020Table Cryo Stemcell ProfileTable Cryo Stemcell Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020Figure Global Stem Cell Banking Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)Figure Global Stem Cell Banking Revenue ($) and Growth (2015-2020)Table Global Stem Cell Banking Sales by Regions (2015-2020)Table Global Stem Cell Banking Sales Market Share by Regions (2015-2020)Table Global Stem Cell Banking Revenue ($) by Regions (2015-2020)Table Global Stem Cell Banking Revenue Market Share by Regions (2015-2020)Table Global Stem Cell Banking Revenue Market Share by Regions in 2015Table Global Stem Cell Banking Revenue Market Share by Regions in 2019Figure North America Stem Cell Banking Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)Figure Europe Stem Cell Banking Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)Figure Asia-Pacific Stem Cell Banking Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)Figure Middle East and Africa Stem Cell Banking Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)Figure South America Stem Cell Banking Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)Figure North America Stem Cell Banking Revenue ($) and Growth (2015-2020)Table North America Stem Cell Banking Sales by Countries (2015-2020)Table North America Stem Cell Banking Sales Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)Figure North America Stem Cell Banking Sales Market Share by Countries in 2015Figure North America Stem Cell Banking Sales Market Share by Countries in 2019Table North America Stem Cell Banking Revenue ($) by Countries (2015-2020)Table North America Stem Cell Banking Revenue Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)Figure North America Stem Cell Banking Revenue Market Share by Countries in 2015Figure North America Stem Cell Banking Revenue Market Share by Countries in 2019Figure United States Stem Cell Banking Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)Figure Canada Stem Cell Banking Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)Figure Mexico Stem Cell Banking Sales and Growth (2015-2020)Figure Europe Stem Cell Banking Revenue ($) Growth (2015-2020)Table Europe Stem Cell Banking Sales by Countries (2015-2020)Table Europe Stem Cell Banking Sales Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)Figure Europe Stem Cell Banking Sales Market Share by Countries in 2015Figure Europe Stem Cell Banking Sales Market Share by Countries in 2019Table Europe Stem Cell Banking Revenue ($) by Countries (2015-2020)Table Europe Stem Cell Banking Revenue Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)Figure Europe Stem Cell Banking Revenue Market Share by Countries in 2015Figure Europe Stem Cell Banking Revenue Market Share by Countries in 2019Figure Germany Stem Cell Banking Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)Figure UK Stem Cell Banking Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)Figure France Stem Cell Banking Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)Figure Italy Stem Cell Banking Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)Figure Spain Stem Cell Banking Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)Figure Russia Stem Cell Banking Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)Figure Asia-Pacific Stem Cell Banking Revenue ($) and Growth (2015-2020)Table Asia-Pacific Stem Cell Banking Sales by Countries (2015-2020)Table Asia-Pacific Stem Cell Banking Sales Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)Figure Asia-Pacific Stem Cell Banking Sales Market Share by Countries in 2015Figure Asia-Pacific Stem Cell Banking Sales Market Share by Countries in 2019Table Asia-Pacific Stem Cell Banking Revenue ($) by Countries (2015-2020)Table Asia-Pacific Stem Cell Banking Revenue Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)Figure Asia-Pacific Stem Cell Banking Revenue Market Share by Countries in 2015Figure Asia-Pacific Stem Cell Banking Revenue Market Share by Countries in 2019Figure China Stem Cell Banking Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)Figure Japan Stem Cell Banking Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)Figure South Korea Stem Cell Banking Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)Figure Australia Stem Cell Banking Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)Figure India Stem Cell Banking Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)Figure Southeast Asia Stem Cell Banking Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)Figure Middle East and Africa Stem Cell Banking Revenue ($) and Growth (2015-2020)continue

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COVID-19 Outbreak- Global Stem Cell Banking Market 2020 analysis with Key Players, Applications, Trends and Forecasts by 2026 - Crypto Daily

INREBIC provides new, once-daily oral option for patients affectedby rare bone marrow cancer

MONTREAL, Sept. 21, 2020 /CNW/ - Bristol Myers Squibb Canada (BMS) announced today that Health Canada has approved INREBIC (fedratinib), a new once-daily oral medication used to treat adults with an enlarged spleen and associated symptoms caused by intermediate-2 or high-risk primary myelofibrosis, post-polycythemia vera myelofibrosis or post-essential thrombocythemia myelofibrosis.1

INREBICis the first new treatment for patients with myelofibrosis in nearly a decade to demonstrate a clinically meaningful reduction in spleen volume for patients in the approved population affected by this serious and rare bone marrow cancer.1 A new treatment provides Canadians living with myelofibrosis, and their caregivers, with more options to find a treatment that works for them.

Myelofibrosis is a serious and rare bone marrow disorder that disrupts the body's normal production of blood cells.2 Bone marrow is gradually replaced with fibrous scar tissue, which limits the ability of the bone marrow to make blood cells.2 Currently, there are an estimated 1,400 to 2,177 Canadians who are living with myelofibrosis.3

"The approval of INREBIC represents a milestone for the way healthcare practitioners treat this rare disorder, which can have debilitating symptoms," said Dr. Vikas Gupta, Director, The Elizabeth and Tony Comper MPN Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto. "Canadians living with myelofibrosis now have a new treatment option that may be better suited to their needs and has shown promise for alleviating the symptom burden associated with myelofibrosis."

INREBIC is a janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor and is the first new treatment for patients with myelofibrosis in nearly a decade.1,4 JAK proteins send signals that tell the body to make more blood cells, but myelofibrosis makes it difficult for the bone marrow to create normal blood cells, which potentially moves blood cell production to the spleen.1 However, by blocking the activity of JAK proteins, INREBIC can reduce the size of the spleen and improve symptoms.

Story continues

"As part of our commitment to Canadians living with cancer, we are excited to provide INREBIC as a new treatment option for those impacted by myelofibrosis," said Al Reba, General Manager, Bristol Myers Squibb Canada. "We hope that the option of a once-daily oral treatment will have a positive and meaningful impact on Canadians living with the disease."

Health Canada's approval of INREBIC included findings from the JAKARTA and JAKARTA2 clinical trials. The JAKARTA study, a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled Phase 3 study, involved patients with intermediate-2 or high-risk myelofibrosis, post-polycythemia vera myelofibrosis or post-essential thrombocythemia myelofibrosis. The JAKARTA2 study, a multicenter, open-label, single-arm Phase 2 study,involved patients previously exposed to ruxolitinib with a diagnosis of intermediate-1 with symptoms, intermediate-2 or high-risk primary myelofibrosis, post-polycythemia vera myelofibrosis or post-essential thrombocythemia myelofibrosis.

About MyelofibrosisMyelofibrosis is classified as a myeloproliferative neoplasm, a group of rare blood cancers that are derived from blood-forming stem cells.2Myelofibrosis can lead to anemia and thrombocytopenia, weakness, fatigue and enlargement of the spleen and liver, among other symptoms.2 In Canada, approximately 36 to 360 people will be diagnosed with myelofibrosis each year.3 Both men and women are affected, and while the disease can affect people of all ages, the median age at diagnosis is 69 years old.3

About JAKARTAJAKARTA was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled Phase 3 study in patients with intermediate-2 or high-risk myelofibrosis (MF), post-polycythemia vera myelofibrosis or post-essential thrombocythemia myelofibrosis with splenomegaly and platelet count 50 x 109/L. A total of 289 patients were randomized to receive either INREBIC 500 mg (N=97), 400 mg (N=96), or placebo (N=96) once daily for at least 6 cycles. The median age was 65 years (range 27 to 86 years), 47% of patients were older than 65 years, and 59% were male. Sixty-four percent (64%) of patients had primary MF, 26% had post-polycythemia vera MF, and 10% had post-essential thrombocythemia MF. Fifty-two percent (52%) of patients had intermediate-2 risk, and 48% had high-risk disease. The median hemoglobin count at baseline was 10.2 g/dL. The median platelet count at baseline was 213.5 x 109/L; 16.3% of patients had a platelet count <100 x 109/L, and 83.7% of patients had a platelet count 100 x 109/L. Patients had a median palpable spleen length of 15 cm at baseline and a median spleen volume as measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) of 2568 mL (range of 316 to 8244 mL) at baseline. (The median normal spleen volume is approximately 215 mL).1

The primary efficacy endpoint was the proportion of patients achieving a greater than or equal to 35% reduction from baseline in spleen volume at the End of Cycle 6 as measured by MRI or CT and confirmed 4 weeks later.1

One of the secondary endpoints was the proportion of patients with a 50% or greater reduction in Total Symptom Score (TSS) from baseline to the End of Cycle 6 as measured by the modified Myelofibrosis Symptoms Assessment Form (MFSAF) v2.0 diary.1

About JAKARTA2JAKARTA2 was a multicenter, open-label, single-arm Phase 2 study in patients previously exposed to ruxolitinib with a diagnosis of intermediate-1 with symptoms, intermediate-2 or high-risk myelofibrosis, post-polycythemia vera myelofibrosis or post-essential thrombocythemia myelofibrosis with splenomegaly and platelet count 50 x 109/L.1

A total of 97 patients were enrolled and treated with INREBIC400 mg once daily. The median age was 67 years (range 38 to 83 years) with 58% of patients older than 65 years and 55% were male. Fifty-five percent (55%) of patients had primary MF, 26% had post-polycythemia vera MF, and 19% had post-essential thrombocythemia MF. Sixteen percent (16%) of patients had intermediate-1 with symptoms, 49% had intermediate-2, and 35% had high-risk disease. The median hemoglobin count was 9.8 g/dL at baseline. The median platelet count was 147.0 x 109/L at baseline; 34.0% of patients had a platelet count <100 x 109/L, and 66.0% of patients had a platelet count 100 x 109/L. Patients had a median palpable spleen length of 18 cm at baseline and a median spleen volume as measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) of 2893.5 mL (range of 737 to 7815 mL) at baseline.1

The median duration of prior exposure to ruxolitinib was 10.7 months (range 0.1 to 62.4 months). Seventy-one percent (71%) of patients had received doses of either 30 mg or 40 mg daily of ruxolitinib prior to study entry.1

The primary endpoint was the subject response rate, defined as the proportion of subjects who have a 35% reduction in volume of spleen size at the end of Cycle 6.1

One of the secondary endpoints was the proportion of patients with a 50% or greater reduction in Total Symptom Score (TSS) from baseline to the End of Cycle 6 as measured by the modified Myelofibrosis Symptoms Assessment Form (MFSAF) diary.1

About INREBICINREBIC (fedratinib) is indicated for the treatment of splenomegaly and/or disease related symptoms in adult patients with intermediate-2 or high-risk primary myelofibrosis, post-polycythemia vera myelofibrosis or post-essential thrombocythemia myelofibrosis, including patients who have been previously exposed to ruxolitinib.

About Bristol Myers Squibb Canada

Bristol Myers Squibb Canada Co. is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Bristol Myers Squibb Company, a global biopharmaceutical company whose mission is to discover, develop and deliver innovative medicines that help patients prevail over serious diseases. For more information about Bristol Myers Squibb global operations, visitwww.bms.com. Bristol Myers Squibb Canada Co. delivers innovative medicines for serious diseases to Canadian patients in the areas of cardiovascular health, oncology, and immunoscience. Bristol Myers Squibb Canada Co. employs more than 300 people across the country. For more information, please visitwww.bmscanada.ca.

About Bristol Myers Squibb Bristol Myers Squibb is a global biopharmaceutical company whose mission is to discover, develop and deliver innovative medicines that help patients prevail over serious diseases. For more information about Bristol Myers Squibb, visit us atBMS.comor follow us on LinkedIn, Twitter, YouTube, Facebookand Instagram.

Celgene and Juno Therapeutics are wholly owned subsidiaries of Bristol Myers Squibb Company. In certain countries outside the U.S., due to local laws, Celgene and Juno Therapeutics are referred to as, Celgene, a Bristol Myers Squibb company and Juno Therapeutics, a Bristol Myers Squibb company.

References:

INREBICCanada Product Monograph. July 10, 2010.

Leukemia & Lymphoma Society of Canada. Myelofibrosis. Available at: https://www.llscanada.org/myeloproliferative-neoplasms/myelofibrosis. Accessed July 28, 2020.

Corinne S. Hodgson & Associates. Blood Cancer in Canada Facts & Stats 2016. Leukemia & Lymphoma Society of Canada 2016; 4-8.

Canadian MPN Group. Myelofibrosis. Available at: http://www.mpncanada.com/about-mpns/practitioner-reference/myelofibrosis/#treatment-options. Accessed July 28, 2020.

SOURCE Bristol Myers Squibb Canada Co.

View original content to download multimedia: http://www.newswire.ca/en/releases/archive/September2020/21/c8189.html

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Health Canada Approves INREBIC (fedratinib), First New Treatment in Nearly a Decade for Patients Living with Myelofibrosis - Yahoo Finance

Its already hard enough for blood cancer patients to find a match through the international bone marrow registry, which pairs patients with potential donors who have the right type of tissue. But if youre Black and Jewish?

For people with multiple ethnic backgrounds who need marrow or stem cell transplants, matching is even harder.

I remember the doctor saying something like if he was an Irish white boy from Ireland, he might have a better chance, Monika Clark said about her son, 24-year-old Jordan Jackson-Clark of Oakland.

Jackson-Clark, whom his mom describes as mixed ethnicity and biracial, is likely to need a bone marrow transplant after a diagnosis of leukemia two weeks ago.

It was so out of the blue, Clark said. It was so unexpected.

Jackson-Clark had experienced a few bouts of intense stomach pain over the past summer, one strong enough to send him to the ER. Clark was concerned, but she was never expecting the recent call that they got from the doctor.

Through tears, Clark described the blow of hearing the diagnosis for her son, a Berkeley High School grad who was a camp counselor at the East Bay JCC and a member of the Jewish fraternity AEPi.

Hes just a gentle, loving young man, she said.

Jackson-Clark has acute myeloid leukemia, a cancer of the blood and bone marrow. Hes in the hospital getting chemotherapy for the next few weeks. In the meantime, knowing how difficult it will be to find a match for her son, Clark is desperately trying to get the word out about the bone marrow registry.

Please step out and do something very simple to save a life, she said.

The ethnic background of a cancer patient who needs a transplant matters, because the markers used to match a donor and patient are inherited. Having the same markers as a donor makes it a lot more likely that the patients body will accept the life-saving bone marrow or stem cells.

But the makeup of the database of potential donors is mostly white. For people of color and mixed race, the percentage of matches is 23 percent, and for white Caucasians its 77 percent, Clark said.

According to the nonprofit Gift of Life, while more than 12 percent of the American population is Black, only 4 percent on the registry are, and the percentages are similarly out of proportion for other ethnic groups.

Gift of Life was founded by Jay Feinberg, who was diagnosed with leukemia more than 20 years ago and needed a bone marrow transplant from a white Ashkenazi Jew. He sought a donor match, but at that time the database was sorely lacking in diversity. Efforts since then by his organization and others have greatly increased ethnic representation in the registry, but matches for mixed-ethnicity patients remain scarce. Jackson-Clark has the best chance of being matched with another person who is Black, white and Ashkenazi, but there simply arent many in the database.

The solution is getting more potential donors into the system. Clark is asking people to get tested with a simple cheek swab through Be the Match or any other registration service not only if they think they might be a match for her son, but also for all of the other patients out there who need matches. Optimal donor ages are 18 to 44; registration is free and can be done through the mail. That puts them on the international registry of potential donors, and the more people who are on the list, the more likely it is that they could be a match for a cancer patient.

Thats why Rabbi Yigal Rosenberg of Chabad of Santa Clara held a registration drive in February and encouraged young people to get on the list. When he got a call from Gift of Life a few days later, he thought it had something to do with the event.

They said, actually, you are a match! he said.

Rosenberg had the right kind of stem cells to help a 40-year-old man based on a swab hed given 10 years previously in New Jersey. (Whether marrow or stem cells are donated depends on the patients treatment needs.)

Im like, what are the chances? Rosenberg said. Literally I just hosted an event two days ago!

He immediately said yes and began a required series of injections to boost stem-cell production checking with another rabbi to make sure it was OK to have the shots on Shabbat as well.

This is the one thing youre allowed to compromise on, in Shabbat observance, is to save a life, he said.

Then, at the beginning of September, he drove down to San Bernardino, where he was put up in a hotel. He spent one day at the donation center attached to a machine that pumped blood out, filtered out and collected the stem cells, and returned the blood to his body. Rosenberg said the experience wasnt difficult at all.

I just felt so empowered during the entire process, he said.

He even livestreamed it on Facebook as a way to encourage more registrations, and to dispel some of the fear around donation. (Whether a patient requires the donors marrow or stem cells depends on the particular treatment protocol.)

I went right back to the hotel, jumped in the Jacuzzi for a bit and took a nap, he said. The next day he was back on his way to Santa Clara to resume his duties.

Clark, a former JCC preschool teacher, said it is important for people to know that donating stem cells and even bone marrow is not as intrusive or painful as it used to be. And anyone on the registry can always decide later that theyre not ready to donate, so getting the swab does not commit them to doing so.

The greatest Rosh Hashanah gift from the Jewish and biracial communities would be to spread the word far and wide with your communities, and to please get on the donor list by sending away for a simple and free cheek swab, she said. You just might save my or someone elses childs life.

Read the rest here:
Oakland 24-year-old seeking multiethnic bone marrow donor - The Jewish News of Northern California

When youre in pain, its important to find effective, long-lasting solutions that can provide short recovery periods. This is what regenerative medicine offers. Over the past decade, there has been a growing field of medicine that utilizes the bodys own healing capabilities using platelet-rich plasma and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). This growing field is labeled as regenerative medicine. Regenerative therapies focus on healing and help regrow damaged tissue naturally. Regenerative injection therapy is used to provide relief to musculoskeletal injuries that involve damage to ligaments, tendons, cartilage, joints, and discs.

Watch video of PRP:

PRP therapy on Better CT

PRP is safeas we are using what your body naturally produces, concentrating the desired critical components and transplanting them into the affected area for effective tissue regeneration and healing. There is no risk of rejection and very minimal overall procedural risk.

FDA regulations do not allow for the cloning of stem cells or growing them in a lab. Also, stem cells derived from fat cells are not approved by the FDA as it does not allow for manipulation. This leaves us to another rich stem cell source in our body which is bone marrow. Stem cells exist in our bodies and are rudimentary cells that can differentiate into other cells.

Think of bone marrow stem cells as the mother cell that is responsible for producing new blood cells. Bone marrow contains hundreds of growth factors and is often used for severe degenerative conditions or where PRP therapy may not be sufficient to provide the growth factors needed to provide relief.

Lastly, there are many offshoot therapies that use biologics derived from placental tissue or blood cord. These biologics are sometimes marketed as Stem cells but are not stem cells and contain zero viable cells. What they contain are growth factors that can also aid when combined with PRP or Stem Cells derived from your own body.

MSCs and PRPmay be used to target a number of conditions that could benefit from their healing and regenerative qualities. Especially when considering chronic pain, alternative solutions may be necessary if it has been difficult to find relief. Along with generalized joint pain, MSCs and PRPmay be used to target:

With so many options for joint pain out there, you may be wondering what benefits choosing stem cell therapy provides. Overall, because mesenchymal stem cell therapy utilizes biologic material harvested directly from the patients body, the general benefits include minimal risk, minimal recovery time, and minimal worry:

Avoid surgery and its many complications and risks: Stem cell therapy is a minimally invasive, non-surgical procedure.

Minimal post-procedural recovery time: One of the most time-consuming factors of any injury is not always the treatment itself, but actually the recovery time. With stem cell therapy, recovery time is minimal.

No risk of rejection: Due to using biologics extracted from the patient, there is no risk of rejection.

No communicable disease transmission: As the cells originate within your own body, there is no risk of spreading disease from or to another person.

If you are suffering from joint pain, back pain, or a debilitating condition like osteoarthritis, it is important to consider all of your available options. Our elite team of professionals can determine if you are the right candidate for MSCs. If youre interested in learning more, contact us today.

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Regenerative Therapy by Dr. Roshni Patel on Better CT - Farmington, CT - Patch.com

Global stem cell banking market is set to witness a substantial CAGR of 11.03% in the forecast period of 2019- 2026. The report contains data of the base year 2018 and historic year 2017. The increased market growth can be identified by the increasing procedures of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), emerging technologies for stem cell processing, storage and preservation. Increasing birth rates, awareness of stem cell therapies and higher treatment done viva stem cell technology.

Get Sample Report + All Related Graphs & Charts (with COVID 19 Analysis) @https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/request-a-sample/?dbmr=global-stem-cell-banking-market&pm

Competitive Analysis:

Global stem cell banking market is highly fragmented and the major players have used various strategies such as new product launches, expansions, agreements, joint ventures, partnerships, acquisitions, and others to increase their footprints in this market. The report includes market shares of inflammatory disease drug delivery market for Global, Europe, North America, Asia-Pacific, South America and Middle East & Africa.

Key Market Competitors:

Few of the major competitors currently working in global inflammatory disease drug delivery market are: NSPERITE N.V, Caladrius, ViaCord, CBR Systems, Inc, SMART CELLS PLUS, LifeCell International, Global Cord Blood Corporation, Cryo-Cell International, Inc., StemCyte India Therapeutics Pvt. Ltd, Cordvida, ViaCord, Cryoviva India, Vita34 AG, CryoHoldco, PromoCell GmbH, Celgene Corporation, BIOTIME, Inc., BrainStorm Cell Therapeutics and others

Market Definition:Global Stem Cell Banking Market

Stem cells are cells which have self-renewing abilities and segregation into numerous cell lineages. Stem cells are found in all human beings from an early stage to the end stage. The stem cell banking process includes the storage of stem cells from different sources and they are being used for research and clinical purposes. The goal of stem cell banking is that if any persons tissue is badly damaged the stem cell therapy is the cure for that. Skin transplants, brain cell transplantations are some of the treatments which are cured by stem cell technique.

Cord Stem Cell Banking MarketDevelopment and Acquisitions in 2019

In September 2019, a notable acquisition was witnessed between CBR and Natera. This merger will develop the new chances of growth in the cord stem blood banking by empowering the Nateras Evercord branch for storing and preserving cord blood. The advancement will focus upon research and development of the therapeutic outcomes, biogenetics experiment, and their commercialization among the global pharma and health sector.

Cord Stem Cell Banking MarketScope

Cord Stem Cell Banking Marketis segmented on the basis of countries into U.S., Canada and Mexico in North America, Germany, France, U.K., Netherlands, Switzerland, Belgium, Russia, Italy, Spain, Turkey, Rest of Europe in Europe, China, Japan, India, South Korea, Singapore, Malaysia, Australia, Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines, Rest of Asia-Pacific (APAC) in the Asia-Pacific (APAC), Saudi Arabia, U.A.E, South Africa, Egypt, Israel, Rest of Middle East and Africa (MEA) as a part of Middle East and Africa (MEA), Brazil, Argentina and Rest of South America as part of South America.

All country based analysis of the cord stem cell banking marketis further analyzed based on maximum granularity into further segmentation. On the basis of storage type, the market is segmented into private banking, public banking. On the basis of product type, the market is bifurcated into cord blood, cord blood & cord tissue. On the basis of services type, the market is segmented into collection & transportation, processing, analysis, storage. On the basis of source, market is bifurcated into umbilical cord blood, bone marrow, peripheral blood stem, menstrual blood. On the basis of indication, the market is fragmented into cerebral palsy, thalassemia, leukemia, diabetes, autism.

Cord stem cell trading is nothing but the banking of the vinculum plasma cell enclosed in the placenta and umbilical muscle of an infant. This ligament plasma comprises the stem blocks which can be employed in the forthcoming time to tackle illnesses such as autoimmune diseases, leukemia, inherited metabolic disorders, and thalassemia and many others.

Market Drivers

Increasing rate of diseases such as cancers, skin diseases and othersPublic awareness associated to the therapeutic prospective of stem cellsGrowing number of hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (HSCTs)Increasing birth rate worldwide

Market Restraint

High operating cost for the therapy is one reason which hinders the marketIntense competition among the stem cell companiesSometimes the changes are made from government such as legal regulations

Key Pointers Covered in the Cord Stem CellBanking MarketIndustry Trends and Forecast to 2026

Market SizeMarket New Sales VolumesMarket Replacement Sales VolumesMarket Installed BaseMarket By BrandsMarket Procedure VolumesMarket Product Price AnalysisMarket Healthcare OutcomesMarket Cost of Care AnalysisMarket Regulatory Framework and ChangesMarket Prices and Reimbursement AnalysisMarket Shares in Different RegionsRecent Developments for Market CompetitorsMarket Upcoming ApplicationsMarket Innovators Study

Key Developments in the Market:

In August, 2019, Bayer bought BlueRock for USD 600 million to become the leader in stem cell therapies. Bayer is paying USD 600 million for getting full control of cell therapy developer BlueRock Therapeutics, promising new medical area to revive its drug development pipeline and evolving engineered cell therapies in the fields of immunology, cardiology and neurology, using a registered induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) platform.In August 2018, LifeCell acquired Fetomed Laboratories, a provider of clinical diagnostics services. The acquisition is for enhancement in mother & baby diagnostic services that strongly complements stem cell banking business. This acquisition was funded by the internal accruals which is aimed to be the Indias largest mother & baby preventive healthcare organization.

For More Insights Get FREE Detailed TOC @https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/toc/?dbmr=global-stem-cell-banking-market&pm

Research objectives

To perceive the most influencing pivoting and hindering forces in Cord Stem Cell Banking Market and its footprint in the international market.Learn about the market policies that are being endorsed by ruling respective organizations.To gain a perceptive survey of the market and have an extensive interpretation of the Cord Stem Cell Banking Market and its materialistic landscape.To understand the structure of Cord Stem Cell Banking Market by identifying its various sub segments.Focuses on the key global Cord Stem Cell Banking Market players, to define, describe and analyze the sales volume, value, market share, market competition landscape, SWOT analysis and development plans in next few years.To analyze competitive developments such as expansions, agreements, new product launches, and acquisitions in the market.To share detailed information about the key factors influencing the growth of the market (growth potential, opportunities, drivers, industry-specific challenges and risks).To project the consumption of Cord Stem Cell Banking Market submarkets, with respect to key regions (along with their respective key countries).To strategically profile the key players and comprehensively analyze their growth strategiesTo analyze the Cord Stem Cell Banking Market with respect to individual growth trends, future prospects, and their contribution to the total market.

Customization of the Report:

All segmentation provided above in this report is represented at country levelAll products covered in the market, product volume and average selling prices will be included as customizable options which may incur no or minimal additional cost (depends on customization)

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About Data Bridge Market Research:

An absolute way to forecast what future holds is to comprehend the trend today!Data Bridge set forth itself as an unconventional and neoteric Market research and consulting firm with unparalleled level of resilience and integrated approaches. We are determined to unearth the best market opportunities and foster efficient information for your business to thrive in the market. Data Bridge endeavors to provide appropriate solutions to the complex business challenges and initiates an effortless decision-making process.

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Cord Stem Cell Banking Market Analysis 2020 With COVID 19 Impact Analysis| Leading Players, Business Prospects, In-depth Analysis Research Report...

"It was like a curtain dropping over your eyes when youre going into the dark," Debbie Ramirez, Odessa resident said.

ODESSA, Texas Debbie Ramirez wakes up every morning just like you and I do.

She brushes her hair, like you and I do. She puts on mascara.

And then she puts on her shoes, just like you and I do.

Except, she doesn't get ready the way you and I do. That's because Debbie Ramirez is blind.

"I can see me moving my hand right in front of me, but right here I don't see anything," Debbie Ramirez, Odessa resident said.

It was six years ago when Debbie's life changed.

"It was like a curtain dropping over your eyes when you're going into the dark," Ramirez said.

That darkness not only took her sight. Debbie lost 75% of her memory and with it most of her life.

For years she sought out help from doctors. But none had an answer.

"They all told me they didn't know why I went blind. Nobody could explain it," Ramirez said.

"I thought how am I going to live like this? I've seen my entire life, I don't know how to live blind," Ramirez said.

Then one day, a phone call changed her life once again.

"I had a very large tumor. It was the size of an orange," Ramirez said.

An Odessa doctor finally had an answer. But what would come next was worse than you could imagine.

"He rushed me to Dallas by ambulance because he said I had less than 30 days to live," Ramirez said.

Her thoughts went straight to her family.

"My children are everything," Ramirez said.

And what would happen if she didn't make it through the surgery?

But the surgery was a success. The tumor was gone.

"I was me again and I just wanted to move on with life and grasp it because I had been given a second chance," Ramirez said.

Her memory started to come back, the pain and the headaches faded away, and Debbie began to take charge of her life again.

She re-learned how to cook, clean and even how to do laundry.

And now Debbie has a chance to get her sight back through a clinical trial in Florida.

"I am just really hoping to get my sight back more than anything. It's been the hardest thing I've ever gone through," Ramirez said.

The trial would use neurons from bone marrow to generate new stem cells in her retina and optic nerves. But there's one more roadblock before Debbie can see her children and grandson.

"It's a lot of money and my insurance will not cover it because it has to do with stem cell therapy," Ramirez said.

But Debbie said she's not giving up.

Although Debbie can't see, she says one thing is clear to her.

"I feel like God has always been beside me," Ramirez said.

________________________________________________________________

If you'd like to help Debbie with her mission to get her sight back, you can reach out to her directly at 432-212-5726.

She said she will take any help she can get!

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Odessa woman hopes to gain back her sight after 6 years of being blind - NewsWest9.com