Archive for the ‘Bone Marrow Stem Cells’ Category

PlateletBio, a company developing a new class of cell therapies based on the biology of platelets, has raised $75.5 million to advance its drug pipeline, including a lead candidate for a rare bleeding disorder on track to reach the clinic next year.

Platelets are components of blood best known for their role forming clots that stop bleeding. But Watertown, Massachusetts-based PlateletBio notes that platelets have other properties, including a role delivering growth factors and proteins throughout the body. PlateletBio is developing therapies that take advantage of these properties, but rather than using platelets from a patient or healthy donors, the startup makes them.

In the body, platelets are formed in bone marrow. PlateletBio produces its platelet-like cells, or PLCs, inside a bioreactor that mimics bone marrow conditions. The source material for its PLCs are stem cells, which have the ability to become almost any cell or tissue in the body.

Platelets are technically not cells. They dont have a nucleus, but thats an advantage for therapeutic applications. Since a PlateletBio therapy wont introduce DNA into a patients body, the potential risks that come from introducing foreign genetic material are avoided. PlateletBio says it can produce PLCs with new features and therapeutic payloads that include antibodies, signaling proteins, therapeutic proteins, and nucleic acids.

PlateletBios lead cell therapy candidate is being developed to treat immune thrombocytopenia, a blood disorder in which the immune system mistakenly sees a patients platelets as foreign and destroys them. Immune thrombocytopenia patients have dangerously low platelet counts that make them susceptible to bleeding.

There is no FDA-approved treatment for the underlying cause of immune thrombocytopenia, but corticosteroids are used to try to dampen the immune systems attack on platelets. Platelet transfusions are another option, but the National Organization for Rare Disorders notes that these treatments are usually reserved for emergencies because the platelets are likely to be destroyed by antibodies produced by the patient.

Patients who have not responded to earlier treatments have two FDA-approved small molecule options: Tavalisse, from Rigel Pharmaceuticals, and the Swedish Orphan Biovitrum drug Doptelet. Sanofi aims to treat the disease with a small molecule called rilzabrutinib. That drug is designed to block Brutons tyrosine kinase, a protein that plays a role in the development of a B cells, a type of immune cell. Sanofi acquired the molecule last year via its $3.7 billion acquisition of Principia Biopharma.

The lead disease target for the Principia drug was multiple sclerosis. In September, Sanofi reported that rilzabrutinib failed that Phase 3 study. A separate Phase 3 test in immune thrombocytopenia is ongoing, as is a mid-stage clinical trial in another autoimmune condition called IgG4-related disease.

PlateletBio isnt the only company trying to turn a component of the blood into a new type of cell therapy. Cambridge, Massachusetts-based Rubius Therapeutics is developing cell therapies based on red blood cells. After disappointing early clinical trial results in the rare disease phenylketonuria last year, Rubius shifted its focus to cancer and immune system disorders. PlateletBios PLCs would represent an entirely new approach to treating immune thrombocytopenia. According to PlateletBios website, the company plans to file an investigational new drug application for its therapeutic candidate in the first half of next year.

PlateletBio is based on the research of Harvard University scientist Joseph Italiano, who co-founded the company under the name Platelet BioGenesis. When the startup emerged in 2017, it was developing platelets that could address the platelet shortage problem facing blood donation centers. Two years ago, the startup expanded its Series A round with $26 million in additional financing and plans to make its platelets into cell therapies. Besides immune thrombocytopenia, other diseases the biotech aims to treat include osteoarthritis and liver fibrosis.

PlateletBios latest financing, a Series B round, adds new investors SymBiosis, K2 HealthVentures, and Oxford Finance. Earlier investors Ziff Capital Partners and Qiming Venture Partners also participated in the new round.

This is a major milestone for PlateletBio, adding capital and resources needed to advance our innovative platelet-like cell therapy science and manufacturing platform and support key corporate initiatives over the next 18 to 24 months, Sam Rasty, the startups president and CEO, said in a prepared statement.

Photo by Flickr user Marco Verch via a Creative Commons license

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Cell therapy biotech PlateletBio reels in $75M as it looks ahead to first clinical test - MedCity News

TEL AVIV, Israel, Nov. 4, 2021 /PRNewswire/ --BioLineRx Ltd. (NASDAQ: BLRX) (TASE: BLRX), a late clinical-stage biopharmaceutical Company focused on oncology, today announced an oral presentation and three poster presentations at the 63rd American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting & Exposition, which is being held December 11-14, 2021 in Atlanta, GA, and virtually.

The oral presentation will elaborate on the successful results of the Company's GENESIS Phase 3 pivotal trial. The study showed highly significant and clinically meaningful results supporting the use of Motixafortide on top of G-CSF for mobilization of stem cells for subsequent collection and transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma. In addition, the poster presentations will show that extended inhibition of the CXCR4 receptor by Motixafortide results in the mobilization of high numbers of stem cells, including specific sub-populations, which were correlated with reduced time to engraftment when infused in high numbers.

The Company is also presenting findings from in-vivo and in-vitro pre-clinical studies demonstrating that Motixafortide acts as an immunomodulator by affecting the biology of regulatory T cells (Tregs), supporting biomarker findings from the Company's COMBAT Phase 2 study in pancreatic cancer patients.

"We are very pleased with the breadth of our oral and poster presentations at this year's ASH meeting, which reflect the versatility of Motixafortide as the potential backbone of promising new treatments for both hematological and solid tumor cancers," stated Philip Serlin, Chief Executive Officer of BioLineRx. "Of particular note is the oral presentation on the outstanding results from our GENESIS Phase 3 pivotal study in stem cell mobilization demonstrating that Motixafortide effectively mobilizes a high number of cells enabling ~90% of patients to undergo transplantation following a single administration of Motixafortide and a single apheresis session. In addition, the high number of cells mobilized by Motixafortide enables infusion of an optimal number of cells, which could result in faster time to engraftment, and also allows for cryopreservation for future transplantation(s). These results, together with our recently completed successful pharmacoeconomic study, strongly support our view that Motixafortide on top of G-CSF can become the new standard of care in SCM, if approved, to the benefit of patients and payers alike. We look forward to submitting an NDA in the first half of next year, as previously communicated."

Further details of the presentations are provided below.

Oral Presentation

Title: Motixafortide (BL-8040) and G-CSF Versus Placebo and G-CSF to Mobilize Hematopoietic Stem Cells for Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients with Multiple Myeloma: The GENESIS Trial

Date: Sunday, December 12, 2021

Time: 12:00 PM

Location: Georgia World Congress Center, Hall A1

This oral presentation describes the GENESIS Phase 3 pivotal trial design, endpoints and results. The GENESIS study was a double blind, placebo controlled, multicenter trial, in which 122 patients were randomized (2:1) to receive either Motixafortide + G-CSF or placebo + G-CSF for stem cell mobilization prior to stem cell transplant in multiple myeloma patients. Total CD34+ cells/kg were analyzed on site to determine if patients mobilized to the goal and all samples were subsequently sent for assessment by a central laboratory. The number of CD34+ cells infused was determined independently by each investigator according to local practice.

The study concluded that a single administration of Motixafortide on top of G-CSF significantly increased the proportion of patients mobilizing 6x106 CD34+ cells/kg for stem cell transplantation (92.5%) vs G-CSF alone (26.2%) in up to two apheresis days (p<0.0001), while enabling 88.8% to collect 6x106 CD34+ cells/kg in just one apheresis day (vs 9.5% with G-CSF alone; p<0.0001). In addition, the median number of hematopoietic stem cells mobilized in one apheresis day with Motixafortide + G-CSF was 10.8x106 CD34+cells/kg vs 2.1x106 CD34+ cells/kg with G-CSF alone.

Poster Presentations

Title:Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation with Higher Doses of CD34+ Cells and Specific CD34+ Subsets Mobilized with Motixafortide and/or G-CSF is Associated with Rapid Engraftment A Post-hoc Analysis of the GENESIS Trial

Date: Sunday, December 12, 2021

Time: 6:00 PM - 8:00 PM

The CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) dose infused during stem cell transplantation remains one of the most reliable clinical parameters to predict quality of engraftment. A minimum stem cell dose of 2-2.5x106 CD34+ cells/kg is considered necessary for reliable engraftment, while optimal doses of 5-6x106 CD34+ cells/kg are associated with faster engraftment, as well as fewer transfusions, infections, and antibiotic days.

An analysis was performed using pooled data from all patients in the GENESIS trial to evaluate time to engraftment based on the total number of CD34+ cells/kg infused, as well as specific numbers of CD34+ cell sub-populations infused.

The addition of Motixafortide to G-CSF enabled significantly more CD34+ cells to be collected in one apheresis (median 10.8x106 CD34+ cells/kg) compared to G-CSF alone (2.1x106 CD34+ cells/kg), as well as 3.5-5.6 fold higher numbers of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), multipotent progenitors (MPPs), common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) and granulocyte and macrophage progenitors (GMPs) (all p-values <0.0004). A dose response was observed with a significant correlation between faster time to engraftment and infusion of higher number of total CD34+ HSPC doses (6x106 CD34+ cells/kg) and combined HSC, MPP, CMP and GMP subsets. The high number of CD34+ cells/kg mobilized with Motixafortide on top of G-CSF enables the potential infusion of 6x106 CD34+ cells/kg, as well as cryopreservation of cells for later use.

Title: Immunophenotypic and Single-Cell Transcriptional Profiling of CD34+ Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells Mobilized with Motixafortide (BL-8040) and G-CSF Versus Plerixafor and GCSF Versus Placebo and G-CSF: A Correlative Study of the GENESIS Trial

Date: Monday, December 13, 2021

Time: 6:00 PM - 8:00 PM

CD34 expression remains the most common immunophenotypic cell surface marker defining human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). The addition of CXCR4 inhibitors to G-CSF has increased mobilization of CD34+ HSPCs for stem cell transplantation; yet the effect of CXCR4 inhibition, with or without G-CSF, on mobilization of specific immunophenotypic and transcriptional CD34+ HSPC subsets is not well-characterized.

Motixafortide is a novel cyclic peptide CXCR4 inhibitor with a low receptor-off rate and extended in vivo action when compared to plerixafor. GENESIS Phase 3 trial patients were prospectively randomized (2:1) to receive either Motixafortide + G-CSF or placebo + G-CSF for HSPC mobilization. Demographically similar multiple myeloma patients undergoing mobilization with plerixafor + G-CSF prior to stem cell transplant were prospectively enrolled in a separate tissue banking protocol.

Extended CXCR4 inhibition with Motixafortide + G-CSF mobilized significantly higher numbers of combined CD34+ HSCs, MPPs and CMPs compared to plerixafor + G-CSF or G-CSF alone (p<0.05). Additionally, Motixafortide + G-CSF mobilized a 10.5 fold higher number of immunophenotypically primitive CD34+ HSCs capable of broad multilineage hematopoietic reconstitution compared to G-CSF alone (p<0.0001) and similar numbers compared to plerixafor + G-CSF. Furthermore, lack of CXCR4 inhibition resulted in mobilization of more-differentiated HCSs, whereas extended CXCR4 inhibition with Motixafortide + G-CSF (but not plerixafor + G-CSF) mobilized a unique MPP-III subset expressing genes specifically related to leukocyte differentiation.

Title: The High Affinity CXCR4 Inhibitor, BL-8040, Impairs the Infiltration, Migration, Viability and Differentiation of Regulatory T Cells

Date: Sunday, December 12, 2021

Time: 6:00 PM - 8:00 PM

This poster describes results of pre-clinical in-vivo and in-vitro studies demonstrating that Motixafortide potentially acts as an immunomodulator by affecting the biology of regulatory T cells. Motixafortide reduced the amount of infiltrating Tregs into the tumors, impaired the migration of Tregs toward CXCL12 and induced Tregs cell death. Furthermore, Motixafortide was found to inhibit the differentiation of nave CD4 T cells toward Tregs.

About BioLineRx

BioLineRx Ltd. (NASDAQ/TASE: BLRX) is a late clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on oncology. The Company's business model is to in-license novel compounds, develop them through clinical stages, and then partner with pharmaceutical companies for further clinical development and/or commercialization.

The Company's lead program, Motixafortide (BL-8040), is a cancer therapy platform that was successfully evaluated in a Phase 3 study in stem cell mobilization for autologous bone-marrow transplantation, has reported positive results from a pre-planned pharmacoeconomic study, and is currently in preparations for an NDA submission. Motixafortide was also successfully evaluated in a Phase 2a study for the treatment of pancreatic cancer in combination with KEYTRUDA and chemotherapy under a clinical trial collaboration agreement with MSD (BioLineRx owns all rights to Motixafortide), and is currently being studied in combination with LIBTAYO and chemotherapy as a first-line PDAC therapy.

BioLineRx is also developing a second oncology program, AGI-134, an immunotherapy treatment for multiple solid tumors that is currently being investigated in a Phase 1/2a study.

For additional information on BioLineRx, please visit the Company's website at http://www.biolinerx.com, where you can review the Company's SEC filings, press releases, announcements and events.

Various statements in this release concerning BioLineRx's future expectations constitute "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements include words such as "may," "expects," "anticipates," "believes," and "intends," and describe opinions about future events. These forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties that may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of BioLineRx to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause BioLineRx's actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: the initiation, timing, progress and results of BioLineRx's preclinical studies, clinical trials and other therapeutic candidate development efforts; BioLineRx's ability to advance its therapeutic candidates into clinical trials or to successfully complete its preclinical studies or clinical trials; BioLineRx's receipt of regulatory approvals for its therapeutic candidates, and the timing of other regulatory filings and approvals; the clinical development, commercialization and market acceptance of BioLineRx's therapeutic candidates; BioLineRx's ability to establish and maintain corporate collaborations; BioLineRx's ability to integrate new therapeutic candidates and new personnel; the interpretation of the properties and characteristics of BioLineRx's therapeutic candidates and of the results obtained with its therapeutic candidates in preclinical studies or clinical trials; the implementation of BioLineRx's business model and strategic plans for its business and therapeutic candidates; the scope of protection BioLineRx is able to establish and maintain for intellectual property rights covering its therapeutic candidates and its ability to operate its business without infringing the intellectual property rights of others; estimates of BioLineRx's expenses, future revenues, capital requirements and its needs for additional financing; risks related to changes in healthcare laws, rules and regulations in the United States or elsewhere; competitive companies, technologies and BioLineRx's industry; risks related to the COVID-19 pandemic; and statements as to the impact of the political and security situation in Israel on BioLineRx's business. These and other factors are more fully discussed in the "Risk Factors" section of BioLineRx's most recent annual report on Form 20-F filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 23, 2021. In addition, any forward-looking statements represent BioLineRx's views only as of the date of this release and should not be relied upon as representing its views as of any subsequent date. BioLineRx does not assume any obligation to update any forward-looking statements unless required by law.

Contact:

Tim McCarthyLifeSci Advisors, LLC+1-212-915-2564[emailprotected]

or

Moran MeirLifeSci Advisors, LLC+972-54-476-4945[emailprotected]

SOURCE BioLineRx Ltd.

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BioLineRx Announces an Oral Presentation and Three Poster Presentations at the 63rd American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting &...

CAMBRIDGE, Mass.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Magenta Therapeutics (Nasdaq: MGTA), a clinical-stage biotechnology company developing novel medicines designed to bring the curative power of stem cell transplants to more patients, today announced positive top-line results from an investigator-initiated Phase 2 clinical trial of MGTA-145 stem cell mobilization in multiple myeloma. The data were accepted for a poster presentation at the 2021 American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting, to be held in Atlanta and virtually from December 11-14, 2021. Oral and poster presentations of preclinical data related to the companys CD117 targeted conditioning program will also be made at the ASH Annual Meeting.

We have made significant progress with our mobilization and targeted conditioning programs and we look forward to the presentation of the data that have been generated to support both programs, said Jason Gardner, D.Phil., President and Chief Executive Officer, Magenta Therapeutics.

Stem Cell Mobilization and Collection Program (MGTA-145)

Poster Presentation Highlighting Investigator-Initiated Phase 2 Clinical Data of MGTA-145 Stem Cell Mobilization in Multiple Myeloma:

Title: MGTA-145 + Plerixafor Provides G-CSF-Free Rapid and Reliable Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization for Autologous Stem Cell Transplant in Patients with Multiple Myeloma: A Phase 2 Study (Poster #3888)

Date and Time to View Poster Presentation: Monday, December 13, 2021, 6:00pm 8:00pm ET

Trial Design

Surbhi Sidana, M.D., Assistant Professor of Medicine in the Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy at Stanford University School of Medicine led this investigator-initiated, Phase 2 open-label clinical trial. The trial evaluated the ability of MGTA-145, in combination with plerixafor, to mobilize stem cells for autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma. This trial had broad inclusion criteria and included the transplant-eligible population of patients with multiple myeloma who may have a variety of risk factors for mobilization.

Topline Clinical Data

Next Steps in Multiple Myeloma

As described in the companys third quarter earnings release, the results from this investigator-initiated trial represent a positive step forward in the development of MGTA-145, in combination with plerixafor, as a potential first line stem cell mobilization regimen. Based on the encouraging collection and engraftment data, the company intends to explore further development of MGTA-145 in a Phase 2b clinical setting. This approach would enable a comprehensive evaluation of the multiple myeloma patient population and allow for adjustments of dosing and administration which the company, in both cases, has identified as opportunities for optimization as a result of this investigator-initiated study and the companys other MGTA-145 development efforts.

While Dr. Sidana and her team are collecting and analyzing additional patient-level data, these topline results are encouraging and support further development of MGTA-145. commented Dr. Jeffrey Humphrey, M.D., the companys Chief Medical Officer. We believe this novel mobilization regimen has the potential to replace G-CSF regimens and to enable reliable, predictable, rapid and well-tolerated mobilization of stem cells for both transplant and gene therapies.

MGTA-145 is also being evaluated for its ability to mobilize stem cells for collection from donors for allogenic transplantation in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) in a Phase 2 clinical trial. The company is planning to open an additional Phase 2 clinical trial for mobilization and collection of stem cells for patients with sickle cell disease in December 2021.

Antibody-Drug Conjugate (ADC) Targeted Conditioning Program

Oral Presentation Showcasing Non-human Primate Data of Targeted ADC Conditioning for Gene Therapy

Title: CD117 Antibody Drug Conjugate-Based Conditioning Allows for Efficient Engraftment of Gene-Modified CD34+ Cells in a Rhesus Gene Therapy Model (Oral Abstract #560)

Presenting Author: Naoya Uchida, M.D., National Institutes of Health

Date: Sunday, December 12, 2021, 4:45pm ET

This preclinical study evaluated escalating doses of a tool CD117-ADC. As monotherapy conditioning, a single dose of the CD117-ADC allowed for efficient engraftment of gene-modified autologous stem cells in a rhesus model of gene therapy, without chemotherapy or radiation conditioning. Engraftment of gene-modified stem cells achieved with monotherapy CD117-ADC was robust and durable, equivalent to that achieved with four doses of myeloablative busulfan conditioning. Sustained gene expression of hemoglobin F was confirmed at the protein level in this CD117-ADC-conditioned rhesus transplant model of gene therapy for sickle cell disease. Compared to chemotherapy or radiation-based conditioning regimens, conditioning with monotherapy CD117-ADC could be both sufficiently potent and well tolerated to improve the safety and risk benefit profile for gene therapies that require stem cell transplantation.

Poster Presentation Highlighting Preclinical Data of Targeted ADC Conditioning Program:

Title: CD117-Targeted ADC, in Combination with Lymphodepleting Antibodies, Enables Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Mice without Chemotherapy or Radiation (Poster #1682)

Presenting Author: Leanne Lanieri, M.S., Magenta Therapeutics, Inc.

Date to View Poster Presentation: Saturday, December 11, 2021, 5:30pm 7:30pm ET

This study evaluated the combination of a tool CD117-ADC with lymphodepleting antibodies as the conditioning regimen in a murine model of allogeneic HSC transplantation. The targeted conditioning regimen enabled complete donor chimerism in a fully mismatched allogeneic HSC transplant murine model, without use of chemotherapy or radiation. Antibody-based targeted conditioning regimens could offer a more favorable risk-benefit profile over chemotherapy and radiation-based conditioning regimens. An improved risk benefit profile, in turn, could extend the curative potential of allogeneic HSC transplantation to more patients with malignant and non-malignant diseases who otherwise would not be eligible for HSC transplantation.

About Magenta Therapeutics

Magenta Therapeutics is a clinical-stage biotechnology company developing medicines designed to bring the curative power of stem cell transplants to more patients with blood cancers, genetic diseases and autoimmune diseases. Magenta is combining leadership in stem cell biology and biotherapeutics development with clinical and regulatory expertise and broad networks in the stem cell transplant community to revolutionize immune reset for more patients.

Magenta is based in Cambridge, Massachusetts. For more information, please visit http://www.magentatx.com.

Follow Magenta on Twitter: @magentatx.

Forward-Looking Statements

This press release may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and other federal securities laws, including express or implied statements regarding Magentas future expectations, plans and prospects, including, without limitation, statements regarding expectations and plans for presenting pre-clinical and clinical data, the initiation of clinical trials or the results of ongoing and planned clinical trials, the development of product candidates and advancement of preclinical programs, projections regarding future revenues and financing performance, long-term growth, cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, the anticipated timing of clinical trials and regulatory filings, the potential benefits of product candidates, the timing, progress and success of collaborations, as well as other statements containing the words anticipate, believe, continue, could, endeavor, estimate, expect, intend, may, might, plan, potential, predict, project, seek, should, target, will or would and similar expressions that constitute forward-looking statements under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The express or implied forward-looking statements included in this press release are only predictions and are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including, without limitation: uncertainties inherent in clinical studies and in the availability and timing of data from ongoing clinical studies; whether interim results from a clinical trial will be predictive of the final results of the trial; whether results from preclinical studies or earlier clinical studies will be predictive of the results of future trials; the expected timing of submissions for regulatory approval or review by governmental authorities; discussions with governmental agencies such as the FDA; regulatory approvals to conduct trials or to market products; whether Magenta's cash resources will be sufficient to fund Magenta's foreseeable and unforeseeable operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements; risks, uncertainties and assumptions regarding the impact of the continuing COVID-19 pandemic on Magentas business, operations, strategy, goals and anticipated timelines, Magentas ongoing and planned preclinical activities, Magentas ability to initiate, enroll, conduct or complete ongoing and planned clinical trials, Magentas timelines for regulatory submissions and Magentas financial position; and other risks concerning Magenta's programs and operations are described in additional detail in its Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 3, 2021, as updated by Magentas most recent Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and its other filings made with the Securities and Exchange Commission from time to time. Although Magenta's forward-looking statements reflect the good faith judgment of its management, these statements are based only on facts and factors currently known by Magenta. As a result, you are cautioned not to rely on these forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statement made in this press release speaks only as of the date on which it is made. Magenta undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.

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Magenta Therapeutics Announces Data Presentations Related to its Mobilization and Conditioning Programs at the 2021 American Society of Hematology...

DUARTE, Calif.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--City of Hope announced today that it will present new research on bispecific antibodies at a press briefing during the ASH 63rd Annual Meeting and Exposition on Dec. 11 to 14 in Atlanta.

Other innovative City of Hope research on stem cell transplants and blood cancer treatments will also be presented during the conference organized by ASH. ASH is the world's largest professional society for clinicians and scientists around the world who are working on blood cancers and other hematological diseases.

City of Hope is finding new treatments for some of the hardest to treat cancers by accelerating innovative clinical research and therapies. The comprehensive cancer centers bone marrow transplant program is one of the largest and most successful in the nation and its chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy program is also focused on finding new therapies. City of Hope is leading other innovative immunotherapy treatments for blood cancers.

Elizabeth Budde, M.D, Ph.D., associate professor, City of Hope Division of Lymphoma, Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, will present research on a bispecific antibody mosunetuzumab for relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma at an ASH press briefing titled Immune System 1, Cancer 0: Advances in Immunotherapy on Saturday, Dec. 11 at 8:30 a.m. ET Follicular lymphoma is associated with frequent relapses and decreasing progression-free intervals with successive lines of conventional therapy. Later-line treatments may be less effective due to refractory disease. Mosunetuzumab is a CD20xCD3 bispecific antibody that redirects T cells to eliminate malignant B cells. In the dose-escalation phase of an ongoing Phase I/II study (NCT02500407), Mosunetuzumab was highly active and well tolerated in R/R FL patients (pts).

Dr. Budde will also present the research at a plenary session.

Title: Mosunetuzumab Monotherapy Is an Effective and Well-Tolerated Treatment Option for Patients with Relapsed/Refractory (R/R) Follicular Lymphoma (FL) Who Have Received 2 Prior Lines of Therapy: Pivotal Results from a Phase I/II Study Publication Number: 127Type: OralSession Name: 623. Mantle Cell, Follicular and Other B Cell Lymphomas: Clinical and Epidemiological: Evolution of Immunotherapeutic Regimens in B Cell LymphomasSession Date and Time: Saturday, Dec. 11, 2021, Noon to 1:30 p.m. ETPresentation Time: Saturday, Dec. 11, 2021, Noon ET

During the ASH conference, additional City of Hope researchers will also make presentations onsite or virtually:

Title: Pembrolizumab Plus Vorinostat Induces Responses in Patients with Hodgkin Lymphoma Who Are Refractory to Prior PD-1 Blockade Publication Number: 234Type: Oral.Session Name: 624. Hodgkin Lymphomas and T/NK cell Lymphomas: Hodgkin Lymphoma Clinical TrialsSession Date and Time: Saturday, Dec. 11, 2021, 2 to 3:30 p.m. ET Presentation Time: Saturday, Dec. 11, 2021, 3:15 p.m. ETPresenter: Alex Herrera, M.D., associate professor, City of Hope Division of Lymphoma, Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation

Herrera will also introduce an abstract at a plenary scientific session on Sunday, Dec. 12, 2 to 4 p.m. ET

Title: A Randomized Open Label Pilot Study of Clostridium Butyricum Miyairi 588 (CBM588) in Recipients of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Publication Number: 334Type: OralSession Name: 722. Allogeneic Transplantation: Acute and Chronic GVHD, Immune Reconstitution: Infection and Immune ReconstitutionSession Date and Time: Saturday, Dec. 11, 2021, 4 to 5:30 p.m. ET Presentation Time: Saturday, Dec. 11, 2021, 4:45 p.m. ETPresenter: Karamjeet S. Sandhu, M.D., assistant professor, City of Hope Division of Leukemia, Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation

Title: The Impact of Somatic Mutations on Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia: A Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR) Analysis Publication Number: 417Type: OralSession Name: 732. Allogeneic Transplantation: Disease Response and Comparative Treatment Studies: Prognostic Biomarkers for Donor Selection and Recipient OutcomesSession Date and Time: Sunday, Dec. 12, 2021, 9:30 a.m. to 11 a.m. ET Presentation Time: Sunday, Dec. 12, 2021, 10 a.m. ETPresenter: Matthew G. Mei, M.D., associate professor, City of Hope Division of Lymphoma, Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation

In addition, Andrew Artz, M.D., M.S., professor, City of Hope Division of Leukemia, Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, will speak at an education session titled How Can We Ensure That Everyone Who Needs a Transplant Can Get One? about allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for older adults and will also give opening remarks a scientific workshop on hematology and aging.

About City of Hope

City of Hope is an independent biomedical research and treatment center for cancer, diabetes and other life-threatening diseases. Founded in 1913, City of Hope is a leader in bone marrow transplantation and immunotherapy such as CAR T cell therapy. City of Hopes translational research and personalized treatment protocols advance care throughout the world. Human synthetic insulin, monoclonal antibodies and numerous breakthrough cancer drugs are based on technology developed at the institution. A National Cancer Institute-designated comprehensive cancer center and a founding member of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, City of Hope is ranked among the nations Best Hospitals in cancer by U.S. News & World Report. Its main campus is located near Los Angeles, with additional locations throughout Southern California and in Arizona. Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen) became a part of City of Hope in 2016. AccessHope, a subsidiary launched in 2019, serves employers and their health care partners by providing access to NCI-designated cancer center expertise. For more information about City of Hope, follow us on Facebook, Twitter, YouTube or Instagram.

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City of Hope Doctors Present New Research on Cancer Immunotherapies - Business Wire

Two kidney transplant patients who received a stem cell therapy developed by Talaris Therapeutics were able to come off all immunosuppressant drugs within a year, without any evidence of graft rejection.

The first findings from Talaris phase 3 trial of the cell therapy called FCR001 suggest it may be possible to eliminate the need entirely for patients to take what may be dozens of tablets daily after organ transplants, according to the US biotech.

While still preliminary, the experience with the two patients back up Talaris hope that giving a one-shot dose of FCR001 the day after an organ transplant could stimulate immune tolerance in the recipient, and avoid the side effects of current drug treatments such as infections, heart disease, and some forms of cancer.

The companys approach relies on administering haematopoietic stem cells from the individual who donated the organ, in order to generate what Talaris refers to as chimerism, with both donor and recipient cells present in the bone marrow. That allows the immune system to see the transplanted organ as self rather than foreign.

The first two recipients in Talaris FREEDOM-1 phase 3 trial had received FCR001 at least 12 months earlier, and showed stable kidney function, according to Talaris.

A larger group of five patients who were at least three months from the cell therapy maintained more than 50% chimerism in their T cells, which the biotech said was a sign of long-term, immunosuppression-free tolerance to the donated kidney in its phase 2 trials.

The FREEDOM-1 results reported at the American Society of Nephrology (ASN) meeting this week were accompanied by updated results from Talaris phase 2 study, in which all 26 patients originally weaned off immunosuppressants have continued to remain off them without rejecting their donated kidney.

Some transplant patients treated with Talaris therapy in earlier trials have now been off all immunosuppression for more than 12 years without signs of kidney rejection.

Talaris intends to enrol 120 subjects into the phase 3 trial, which is scheduled to generate results in 2023.

Earlier this year, Talaris raised $150 million via a Nasdaq listing that will be used to take FCR001 through the phase 3 programme in organ transplantation and as a treatment for rare autoimmune disease scleroderma.

It also recently started a phase 2 trial of the cell therapy to see if it is able to induce immune tolerance to a transplanted kidney in patients who received the transplant from a living donor up to a year prior to administration of FCR001.

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Talaris therapy ends need for immune drugs in transplant patients - - pharmaphorum

Success Story of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT)

Successful for over 40 years in urology for the disintegration of kidney stones, with high efficiency and hardly any side effects worth mentioning.

How does the shock wave work?

Without causing mechanical damage, shockwaves trigger a biological response in the treated tissue through their compressive, tensile and shear forces (mechanotransduction). Genes are activated in the cell nucleus starting to produce proteins (including growth factors) responsible for the healing process. This also causes increased ingrowth of newly formed blood vessels, which improves local metabolism. The additional modulation of the inflammation necessary for healing enables regeneration of pathological tissue.

Recent studies prove.

Shockwaves also trigger the production of messenger substances to the cell nucleus, which mobilize the body's own stem cells from the bone marrow, stimulating them to migrate to the treated tissue, settle there and develop into the required tissue (e.g. heart muscle cells). Instead of conventional stem cell transplantation shockwaves make it possible to initiate the body's own regeneration without risk of complications.

Therapy for a wide variety of tissues.

Since the underlying pathology can be treated with these methods, shockwave therapy is being used in more and more medical disciplines.

This creates a tool that opens up completely new possibilities in tissue regeneration without triggering significant side effects. Since conventional medicine has not been able to offer any significant therapeutic options to date, the present results of shockwave therapy are of particular importance and are therefore applied in the following areas. It can be assumed that shockwave therapy can be used in practically all medical specialties.

Spinal cord injury/cross-sectional lesion.

What was long considered unthinkable is now one of the major hopes for causal therapy: shockwave has also made great progress in the treatment of paraplegia. Since November 2020, the first patients have been included in an Austria-wide study. Due to the COVID pandemic, the initiation of the individual study centers has been somewhat delayed, but so far eight patients have already been enrolled in the study. In addition, the Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin, one of the most important centers for spinal cord injury in Germany, will participate in the study.

Dr. Wolfgang Schaden, adj. Prof., President of ISMST, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Deputy Medical Director of AUVA, Austria

Cardiac Surgery.

Regeneration of heart muscle after myocardial infarction has long remained a dream of modern medicine. Despite extensive efforts to develop stem cell and gene therapies, none of these methods could be brought into clinical routine. Cardiac shockwave therapy brings a scientific breakthrough: Cardiac function is improved, and impressive results show the increase of patients' quality of life. Shockwave therapy in cardiac surgery has a favorable side effect profile and is on the verge of bringing cardiac regeneration into daily clinical practice.

PD Dr. Johannes Holfeld, University Department of Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria.

Sexual Medicine.

Low-energy shockwave therapy has been a fabulous addition to sexual medicine armamentarium for men and women with various forms of sexual dysfunction, e.g. erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation, persistent genital arousal disorder PGAD/genito-pelvic dysesthesia GPD. Many patients (and their partners) describe these comfortable and quick shockwave treatments as life changing.

Prof. Dr. Irwin Goldstein, Alvarado Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA

Aesthetic-, hand-, burn- and reconstructive surgery.

Shockwave medicine can support these four pillars of surgery noninvasively. Two significant examples: In aesthetic surgery with significant improvement in cellulite with shockwave therapy after six to eight sessions, lasting for a period of about one year. In burns, shockwave therapy can accelerate epithelialization (healing) of superficial burn injuries clinically relevant by three days, with a significant reduction in infections and hospitalization.

Prof. Dr. Karsten Knobloch, SportPraxis Prof. Knobloch, Hanover, Secretary General of the German Shockwave Society DIGEST.

Sports Medicine.

After more than 30 years of experience, shock wave treatment is now a standard in sports medicine and rehabilitation facilities worldwide.

Leprosy.

Shockwaves used in a similar way as for diabetic foot ulcers have also led to the healing of wounds in leprosy patients and significantly improved the quality of life of these patients. This work, carried out in Agua de Dios, Colombia, by the Bosque University group in Bogot, is now being used in several medical centers around the world with very positive results.

Prof. Dr. Carlos Leal, Bosque University, Fenway Medical, Bogot, Colombia.

Wound healing.

Chronic wounds are challenging for patients concerned and practitioners and will have an increasing impact on health care systems. Treatment with shockwaves has a positive conditioning influence on the wounds and in a high proportion for healing, independent of otherwise aggravating factors (e.g. diabetes mellitus, immunosuppression, cortisone therapy, and other exacerbating factors).

With an average treatment frequency of one treatment every second week, in addition to the established wound therapy, healing was observed in more than 70% of the cases of ulcers and other wound healing disorders.The therapy is free of side effects and helps to reduce the burden of the health care system due to the enormous savings potential.

Rainer Mittermayr, MD, MBA, assoc. Prof., Treasurer of the ISMST and Conference Secretary, Senior Surgeon Orthopedic and Traumatology, AUVA (Austrian Workers Compensation Board, Vienna, Austria)

Original post:
Shockwave therapy brings new healing opportunities for heart attack patients and hope for people with spinal cord injuries - KULR-TV

Common stock will begin trading on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the ticker symbol BRTX November 5, 2021

MELVILLE, N.Y., Nov. 04, 2021 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- BioRestorative Therapies, Inc. (the Company") (NASDAQ:BRTX), a life sciences company focused on adult stem cell-based therapies, today announced the pricing of the underwritten public offering of 2,300,000 units, each consisting of one share of its common stock and a warrant to purchase one share of its common stock at a per unit price of $10.00. The warrants have a per share exercise price of $10.00, are exercisable immediately, and expire five years from the date of issuance. The aggregate gross proceeds from the offering are expected to total $23 million, before deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by the Company and without giving effect to proceeds from any subsequent exercise of warrants.

As a result of the offering, the Companys common stock will become listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market and will trade under the ticker symbol BRTX beginning November 5, 2021. The offering is expected to close on or about November 9, 2021, subject to customary closing conditions. In addition, the Company has granted to the underwriters of the offering a 45-day option to purchase up to 345,000 additional shares and/or additional warrants to purchase up to 345,000 shares of common stock to cover over-allotments, if any.

Roth Capital Partners is acting as sole manager for the offering.

BioRestorative Therapies advancement to The Nasdaq Capital Market continues a year of growth and accomplishment for our company during which time we emerged from Chapter 11 reorganization, transformed our business, strengthened our financial position and enhanced our IP position said Lance Alstodt, President and Chief Executive Officer of BioRestorative.

The securities described above are being sold by BioRestorative Therapies pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-258611) that was previously filed by BioRestorative Therapies with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC) and declared effective on November 4, 2021 and an additional registration statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b), which became effective upon filing. This press release shall not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy these securities, nor shall there be any sale of these securities in any state or jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation, or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of any such state or jurisdiction.

The offering is being made only by means of the written prospectus forming part of the effective registration statement. Electronic copies of the accompanying prospectus may be obtained, when available, by contacting Roth Capital Partners, 888 San Clemente, Newport Beach, CA 92660, Attn: Prospectus Department, telephone: 800-678-9147, or email at rothecm@roth.com, or by visiting the SECs website at http://www.sec.gov.

About BioRestorative Therapies, Inc.BioRestorative Therapies, Inc. (www.biorestorative.com) develops therapeutic products using cell and tissue protocols, primarily involving adult stem cells. Our two core programs, as described below, relate to the treatment of disc/spine disease and metabolic disorders:

Disc/Spine Program (brtxDISC): Our lead cell therapy candidate, BRTX-100, is a product formulated from autologous (or a persons own) cultured mesenchymal stem cells collected from the patients bone marrow. We intend that the product will be used for the non-surgical treatment of painful lumbosacral disc disorders or as a complementary therapeutic to a surgical procedure. The BRTX-100 production process utilizes proprietary technology and involves collecting a patients bone marrow, isolating and culturing stem cells from the bone marrow and cryopreserving the cells. In an outpatient procedure, BRTX-100 is to be injected by a physician into the patients damaged disc. The treatment is intended for patients whose pain has not been alleviated by non-invasive procedures and who potentially face the prospect of surgery. We have received authorization from the Food and Drug Administration to commence a Phase 2 clinical trial using BRTX-100 to treat chronic lower back pain arising from degenerative disc disease.

Metabolic Program (ThermoStem): We are developing a cell-based therapy candidate to target obesity and metabolic disorders using brown adipose (fat) derived stem cells to generate brown adipose tissue (BAT). BAT is intended to mimic naturally occurring brown adipose depots that regulate metabolic homeostasis in humans. Initial preclinical research indicates that increased amounts of brown fat in animals may be responsible for additional caloric burning as well as reduced glucose and lipid levels. Researchers have found that people with higher levels of brown fat may have a reduced risk for obesity and diabetes.

Forward-Looking Statements

This press release contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and such forward-looking statements are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. You are cautioned that such statements are subject to a multitude of risks and uncertainties that could cause future circumstances, events or results to differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors and other risks, including, without limitation, those set forth in the Company's latest Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. You should consider these factors in evaluating the forward-looking statements included herein, and not place undue reliance on such statements. The forward-looking statements in this release are made as of the date hereof and the Company undertakes no obligation to update such statements.

CONTACT:

Email: ir@biorestorative.com

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BioRestorative Therapies Prices $23 Million Public Offering - GlobeNewswire

Updates from OTL-201 Clinical Proof-of-Concept Study in MPS-IIIA and OTL-204 Preclinical Study for GRN-FTD at ESGCT Showcase Potential for HSC Gene Therapy in Multiple Neurodegenerative Disorders

Launch Activities for Libmeldy Across Key European Countries, including Reimbursement Discussions, Progressing in Anticipation of Treating Commercial Patients

Frank Thomas, President and Chief Operating Officer, to Step Down Following Transition in 2022; Search for a Chief Financial Officer Initiated

Cash and Investments of Approximately $254M Provide Runway into First Half 2023

BOSTONandLONDON, Nov. 04, 2021 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Orchard Therapeutics (Nasdaq: ORTX), a global gene therapy leader, today reported financial results for the quarter ended September 30, 2021, as well as recent business updates and upcoming milestones.

This quarter, we are pleased by the progress demonstrated by our investigational neurometabolic HSC gene therapy programs with promising preclinical and clinical updates at ESGCT, said Bobby Gaspar, M.D., Ph.D., chief executive officer of Orchard. With follow-up in OTL-201 for MPS-IIIA patients now ranging between 6 and 12 months, biomarker data remain highly encouraging, showing supraphysiological enzyme activity and corresponding substrate reductions in the CSF and urine. The launch strategy for Libmeldy is also advancing in Europe with momentum building on reimbursement discussions and patient finding activities.

Recent Presentations and Business Updates

Data presentations at ESGCT

Clinical and pre-clinical data from across the companys investigational hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) gene therapy portfolio were featured in two oral and seven poster presentations at the European Society of Gene & Cell Therapy Congress (ESGCT) on October 19-22. Highlights from key presentations are summarized below:

OTL-201 for Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA (MPS-IIIA): A poster presentation featured supportive biomarker data from the first four patients with evaluable results, with duration of follow-up ranging from 6 to 12 months. The treatment has been generally well-tolerated in all enrolled patients (n=5) with no treatment-related serious adverse events (SAEs). Supraphysiological N-sulphoglucosamine sulphohydrolase ( SGSH) enzyme activity above the normal range was seen in leukocytes and plasma within one to three months in all evaluable patients (n=4).A greater than 90% reduction in urinary glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) was seen within three months in all evaluable patients (n=4).SGSH activity in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) increased from undetectable at baseline to within or above the normal range by six months in all patients with available data (n=3).CSF GAGs decreased from baseline in patients with available data (n=3).OTL-204 for Progranulin-mutated Frontotemporal Dementia (GRN-FTD): Preliminary in vivo data from the preclinical proof-of-concept study showed that murine GRN -/- HSPCs, transduced with an LV expressing progranulin under the control of a novel promoter, are able to engraft and repopulate the brain myeloid compartment of FTD mice and to locally deliver the GRN enzyme.

R&D Investor Event Summary

In September, Orchard hosted an R&D investor event highlighting its discovery and research engine in HSC gene therapy, including an update on the OTL-104 program in development for NOD2 Crohns disease (NOD2-CD) and potential new applications in HSC-generated antigen-specific regulatory T-cells (Tregs) and HSC-vectorization of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs).

The discussion also covered the differentiated profile of Orchards HSC gene therapy approach, which has exhibited favorable safety, long-term durability and broad treatment applicability.

In particular, Orchards lentiviral vector-based HSC gene therapy programs have shown no indication of insertional oncogenesis and no evidence of clonal dominance due to integration into oncogenes. Importantly, the promoters and regulatory elements of Orchard vectors are derived from human (not viral) sequences and are specifically designed to have limited enhancer activity on neighboring genes thereby mitigating the potential for safety concerns.In addition, because of the fundamental biological differences between the HSC and adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapy approaches, Orchards programs have not, to date, seen the safety and durability concerns experienced by the AAV gene therapy field.

Libmeldy (atidarsagene autotemcel) launch in Europe

Orchard is providing an update on the following key launch activities for Libmeldy in Europe:

Discussions with health authorities and payors are underway across Europe in key markets including Germany, the UK, France and Italy.Qualification of treatment centers is progressing with The University of Tbingen in Germany ready to treat commercial patients and other centers in the final stages of qualification and treatment readiness.Disease awareness and patient identification activities continue and have supported patient referrals in major European centers. Orchards partnerships in the Middle East and Turkey allow for opportunities to treat eligible patients from these territories at qualified European centers.Orchard is providing sponsorship for an ongoing newborn screening pilot in Germany and is working with laboratories to implement pilots in Italy, the UK, France and Spain.

Executive organizational update

The company also announced that Frank Thomas will step down from his role as president and chief operating officer, following a transition in 2022. A search for a chief financial officer is underway. Mr. Thomas other responsibilities will be assumed by existing members of the leadership team in commercial and corporate affairs. Orchard recently strengthened the executive team with the appointments of Nicoletta Loggia as chief technical officer and Fulvio Mavilio as chief scientific officer and the promotion of Leslie Meltzer to chief medical officer.

I want to extend my gratitude to Frank Thomas for his immense contributions to Orchard, said Gaspar. During his tenure, Frank oversaw the transition of the organization to a publicly traded company and has managed operations with a focus on cross-company innovation, including his role as a key architect in creating and executing the focused business plan we rolled out in 2020. Along with the entire board of directors and leadership team, I appreciate Franks commitment to facilitate a smooth transition during this time.

Gaspar continued, Our search is focused on a CFO to lead the broad strategic planning efforts necessary to capitalize on the full potential of our hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy platform. We have a strong team in place to aid Orchards success in this next phase of growth and are well capitalized through the anticipated completion of several value-creating milestones.

Upcoming Milestones

In June 2021, Orchard announced several portfolio updates following recent regulatory interactions for the companys investigational programs in metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD), Mucopolysaccharidosis type I Hurler syndrome (MPS-IH) and Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS).

OTL-200 for MLD in the U.S: Based on feedback received from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the company is preparing for a Biologics License Application (BLA) filing for OTL-200 in pre-symptomatic, early-onset MLD in late 2022 or early 2023, using data from existing OTL-200 patients. This approach and timeline are subject to the successful completion of activities remaining in advance of an expected pre-BLA meeting with FDA, including future CMC regulatory interactions and demonstration of the natural history data as a representative comparator for the treated population.OTL-203 for MPS-IH: Orchard is incorporating feedback from FDA and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) into a revised global registrational study protocol, with study initiation expected to occur in 2022.OTL-201 for MPS-IIIA: Additional interim data from this proof-of-concept study are expected to be presented at medical meetings in 2022, including early clinical outcomes of cognitive function.OTL-103 for WAS: The company expects a MAA submission with EMA for OTL-103 in WAS in 2022, subject to the completion of work remaining on potency assay validation and further dialogue with EMA. The company will provide updated guidance for a BLA submission in the U.S. following additional FDA regulatory interactions.

Third Quarter 2021 Financial Results

Revenue from product sales of Strimvelis were $0.7 million for the third quarter of 2021 compared to $2.0 million in the same period in 2020, and cost of product sales were $0.2 million for the third quarter of 2021 compared to $0.7 million in the same period in 2020. Collaboration revenue was $0.5 million for the third quarter of 2021, resulting from the collaboration with Pharming Group N.V. entered into in July 2021. This revenue represents expected reimbursements for preclinical studies and a portion of the $17.5 million upfront consideration received by Orchard under the collaboration, which will be amortized over the expected duration of the agreement.

Research and development (R&D) expenses were $20.8 million for the third quarter of 2021, compared to $14.7 million in the same period in 2020. The increase was primarily due to higher manufacturing and process development costs for the companys neurometabolic programs and lower R&D tax credits as compared to the same period in 2020. R&D expenses include the costs of clinical trials and preclinical work on the companys portfolio of investigational gene therapies, as well as costs related to regulatory, manufacturing, license fees and development milestone payments under the companys agreements with third parties, and personnel costs to support these activities.

Selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses were $13.0 million for the third quarter of 2021, compared to $13.0 million in the same period in 2020. SG&A expenses are expected to increase in future periods as the company builds out its commercial infrastructure globally to support additional product launches following regulatory approvals.

Net loss was $36.4 million for the third quarter of 2021, compared to $20.3 million in the same period in 2020. The increase in net loss as compared to the prior year was primarily due to higher R&D expenses as well as the impact of foreign currency transaction gains and losses. The company had approximately 125.5 million ordinary shares outstanding as of September 30, 2021.

Cash, cash equivalents and investments as of September 30, 2021, were $254.1 million compared to $191.9 million as of December 31, 2020. The increase was primarily driven by net proceeds of $143.6 million from the February 2021 private placement and $17.5 million in upfront payments from the July 2021 collaboration with Pharming Group N.V., offset by cash used for operating activities and capital expenditures. The company expects that its cash, cash equivalents and investments as of September 30, 2021 will support its currently anticipated operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements into the first half of 2023. This cash runway excludes an additional $67 million that could become available under the companys credit facility and any non-dilutive capital received from potential future partnerships or priority review vouchers granted by the FDA following future U.S. approvals.

About Libmeldy / OTL-200 Libmeldy (atidarsagene autotemcel), also known as OTL-200, has been approved by the European Commission for the treatment of MLD in eligible early-onset patients characterized by biallelic mutations in the ARSA gene leading to a reduction of the ARSA enzymatic activity in children with i) late infantile or early juvenile forms, without clinical manifestations of the disease, or ii) the early juvenile form, with early clinical manifestations of the disease, who still have the ability to walk independently and before the onset of cognitive decline. Libmeldy is the first therapy approved for eligible patients with early-onset MLD. The most common adverse reaction attributed to treatment with Libmeldy was the occurrence of anti-ARSA antibodies. In addition to the risks associated with the gene therapy, treatment with Libmeldy is preceded by other medical interventions, namely bone marrow harvest or peripheral blood mobilization and apheresis, followed by myeloablative conditioning, which carry their own risks. During the clinical studies, the safety profiles of these interventions were consistent with their known safety and tolerability. For more information about Libmeldy, please see the Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) available on the EMA website. Libmeldy is approved in the European Union, UK, Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway. OTL-200 is an investigational therapy in the US.

Libmeldy was developed in partnership with the San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget) in Milan, Italy. About Orchard

At Orchard Therapeutics, our vision is to end the devastation caused by genetic and other severe diseases. We aim to do this by discovering, developing and commercializing new treatments that tap into the curative potential of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) gene therapy. In this approach, a patients own blood stem cells are genetically modified outside of the body and then reinserted, with the goal of correcting the underlying cause of disease in a single treatment.

In 2018, the company acquired GSKs rare disease gene therapy portfolio, which originated from a pioneering collaboration between GSK and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy in Milan, Italy. Today, Orchard has a deep pipeline spanning pre-clinical, clinical and commercial stage HSC gene therapies designed to address serious diseases where the burden is immense for patients, families and society and current treatment options are limited or do not exist.

Orchard has its global headquarters inLondonandU.S. headquarters inBoston. For more information, please visit http://www.orchard-tx.com, and follow us on Twitter and LinkedIn.

Availability of Other Information About Orchard

Investors and others should note that Orchard communicates with its investors and the public using the company website ( http://www.orchard-tx.com ), the investor relations website ( ir.orchard-tx.com ), and on social media ( Twitter and LinkedIn ), including but not limited to investor presentations and investor fact sheets,U.S. Securities and Exchange Commissionfilings, press releases, public conference calls and webcasts. The information that Orchard posts on these channels and websites could be deemed to be material information. As a result, Orchard encourages investors, the media, and others interested in Orchard to review the information that is posted on these channels, including the investor relations website, on a regular basis. This list of channels may be updated from time to time on Orchards investor relations website and may include additional social media channels. The contents of Orchards website or these channels, or any other website that may be accessed from its website or these channels, shall not be deemed incorporated by reference in any filing under the Securities Act of 1933.

Forward-Looking Statements

This press release contains certain forward-looking statements about Orchards strategy, future plans and prospects, which are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements include express or implied statements relating to, among other things, Orchards business strategy and goals, including its plans and expectations for the commercialization of Libmeldy, the therapeutic potential of Libmeldy (OTL-200) and Orchards product candidates, including the product candidates referred to in this release, Orchards expectations regarding its ongoing preclinical and clinical trials, including the timing of enrollment for clinical trials and release of additional preclinical and clinical data, the likelihood that data from clinical trials will be positive and support further clinical development and regulatory approval of Orchard's product candidates, and Orchards financial condition and cash runway into the first half of 2023. These statements are neither promises nor guarantees and are subject to a variety of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond Orchards control, which could cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated in these forward-looking statements. In particular, these risks and uncertainties include, without limitation: the risk that prior results, such as signals of safety, activity or durability of effect, observed from clinical trials of Libmeldy will not continue or be repeated in our ongoing or planned clinical trials of Libmeldy, will be insufficient to support regulatory submissions or marketing approval in the US or to maintain marketing approval in the EU, or that long-term adverse safety findings may be discovered; the risk that any one or more of Orchards product candidates, including the product candidates referred to in this release, will not be approved, successfully developed or commercialized; the risk of cessation or delay of any of Orchards ongoing or planned clinical trials; the risk that Orchard may not successfully recruit or enroll a sufficient number of patients for its clinical trials; the risk that prior results, such as signals of safety, activity or durability of effect, observed from preclinical studies or clinical trials will not be replicated or will not continue in ongoing or future studies or trials involving Orchards product candidates; the delay of any of Orchards regulatory submissions; the failure to obtain marketing approval from the applicable regulatory authorities for any of Orchards product candidates or the receipt of restricted marketing approvals; the inability or risk of delays in Orchards ability to commercialize its product candidates, if approved, or Libmeldy, including the risk that Orchard may not secure adequate pricing or reimbursement to support continued development or commercialization of Libmeldy; the risk that the market opportunity for Libmeldy, or any of Orchards product candidates, may be lower than estimated; and the severity of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Orchards business, including on clinical development, its supply chain and commercial programs. Given these uncertainties, the reader is advised not to place any undue reliance on such forward-looking statements.

Other risks and uncertainties faced by Orchard include those identified under the heading "Risk Factors" in Orchards quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter endedSeptember 30, 2021, as filed with theU.S. Securities and Exchange Commission(SEC), as well as subsequent filings and reports filed with theSEC. The forward-looking statements contained in this press release reflect Orchards views as of the date hereof, and Orchard does not assume and specifically disclaims any obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required by law.

Contacts

Investors Renee Leck Director, Investor Relations +1 862-242-0764 Renee.Leck@orchard-tx.com

Media Benjamin Navon Director, Corporate Communications +1 857-248-9454 Benjamin.Navon@orchard-tx.com

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Orchard Therapeutics Reports Third Quarter 2021 Financial Results and Highlights Recent ... - KULR-TV

Myles Glass has spent the past several years living life on the sidelines in a wheelchair, wishing for a better day. That day came in November 2020.

INDIANAPOLIS A 13-year-old boy living with sickle cell disease has been given a second chance at life, thanks to his mother.

Myles Glass has been through more in his young life than most adults. For the past few years, Glass has spent his days in and out of Riley Hospital for Children.

"[I] kind of have to look on the bright side of things. Being in the hospital, I meet new nurses and kids who go through what I go through. It's kind of hard to go through that at my age," Glass said.

He was diagnosed with sickle cell disease as a newborn. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, African Americans make up the largest number of people with the disease in the U.S.

Sickle cell disease is an inherited condition that impacts red blood cells and causes pain, infections and extreme fatigue. These symptoms keep Glass from doing things he loves.

"For him, it's kind of like we have to have him in a bubble," said his mother, Melissa Sanders.

Glass has spent the past several years living life on the sidelines in a wheelchair, wishing for a better day.

"[I would] hope that one day, I can do what kids do, like playing football and basketball," Glass said.

That day came in November 2020 when his mother donated bone marrow for a stem cell transplant, curing him of sickle cell disease.

"I was able to give him a second life with being a donor so that he can somewhat be a normal kid," Sanders said.

Riley Hospital for Children Dr. Seethal Jacob, who has been working with Glass and his family, said one baby every two minutes is born with sickle cell disease. She also said studies show there is a clear disparity for funding for this disease.

"There's been a lot of neglect when it comes to the disease itself. I think it's important to pay attention to the population it affects. I think that likely tells the story why sickle cell disease has been a neglected disease for so long," Jacob said.

Despite his challenges, Glass is staying positive and making strides in his physical therapy at Riley Hospital for Children.

"He's already been through harder things than most people will ever go through. I think anything else in life is going to be a piece of cake," said his physical therapist, Sarah Johnson.

"This gives me a glimpse of hope that even though you may have been diagnosed with this disease, it's not the end of the world," Sanders said.

For Glass, this is just the beginning. He hopes his story encourages other people living with sickle cell disease to keep moving forward.

"I know it's hard now, but you'll get through it. You'll be able to do what kids do your own age," Glass said.

Click here for more information on sickle cell disease and treatment options.

What other people are reading:

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Indianapolis mother gives 13-year-old son with sickle cell disease a 2nd chance at life - WTHR

SYDNEY, Oct. 5, 2021 /PRNewswire/ -- Clinical stage drug development company Pharmaxis Ltd (ASX: PXS) today announced further positive results of data analysis from a phase 1c clinical trial (MF-101) studying its drug PXS-5505 in patients with the bone marrow cancer myelofibrosis for 28 days at three dosage levels.

Assessment with Pharmaxis' proprietary assays of the highest dose has shown inhibition of the target enzymes, LOX and LOXL2, at greater than 90% over a 24-hour period at day 7 and day 28. The trial safety committee has reviewed the results and having identified no safety signals, has cleared the study to progress to the phase 2 dose expansion phase where 24 patients will be treated at the highest dose twice a day for 6 months.

Pharmaxis CEO Gary Phillips said, "We are very pleased to have completed the dose escalation phase of this study with such clear and positive findings.We will now immediately progress to the phase 2 dose expansion study where we aim to show PXS-5505 is safe to be taken longer term with the disease modifying effects that we have seen in the pre-clinical models. The trial infrastructure and funding is in place and we are on track to complete the study by the end of 2022."

Independent, peer-reviewed research has demonstrated the upregulation of several lysyl oxidase family members in myelofibrosis.The level of inhibition of LOX achieved in the current study at all three doses significantly exceeds levels that caused disease modifying effects with PXS-5505 in pre-clinical models of myelofibrosis with improvements in blood cell count, diminished spleen size and reduced bone marrow fibrosis. LOXL2 was inhibited to a similar degree and based on pre-clinical work such high inhibition is likely replicated for other LOX family members (LOXL1, 3 and 4).[1] Study data can be viewed in the full announcement.

Commenting on the results of the trial, Dr Gabriela Hobbs, Assistant Professor, Medicine, Harvard Medical School & Clinical Director, Leukaemia, Massachusetts General Hospital said, "Despite improvements in the treatment of myelofibrosis, the only curative therapy remains an allogeneic stem cell transplantation, a therapy that many patients are not eligible for due to its morbidity and mortality. None of the drugs approved to date consistently or meaningfully alter the fibrosis that defines this disease. PXS-5505 has a novel mechanism of action by fully inhibiting all LOX enzymes. An attractive aspect of this drug is that so far in healthy controls and in this phase 1c study in myelofibrosis patients, the drug appears to be very well tolerated. This is meaningful as approved drugs and those that are undergoing study, are associated with abnormal low blood cell counts. Preliminary data thus far, demonstrate that PXS-5505 leads to a dramatic, >90% inhibition of LOX and LOXL2 at one week and 28 days. This confirms what's been shown in healthy controls as well as mouse models, that this drug can inhibit the LOX enzymes in patients. Inhibiting these enzymes is a novel approach to the treatment of myelofibrosis by preventing the deposition of fibrosis and ultimately reversing the fibrosis that characterizes this disease."

The phase 1c/2a trial MF-101 cleared by the FDA under the Investigational New Drug (IND) scheme aims to demonstrate that PXS-5505, the lead asset in Pharmaxis' drug discovery pipeline, is safe and effective as a monotherapy in myelofibrosis patients who are intolerant, unresponsive or ineligible for treatment with approved JAK inhibitor drugs. Trial sites will now open to recruit myelofibrosis patients into the 6-month phase 2 study in Australia, South Korea, Taiwan and the USA.

An effective pan-LOX inhibitor for myelofibrosis would open a market that is conservatively estimated at US$1 billion per annum.

While Pharmaxis' primary focus is the development of PXS-5505 for myelofibrosis, the drug also has potential in several other cancers including liver and pancreatic cancer where it aims to breakdown the fibrotic tissue in the tumour and enhance the effect of chemotherapy treatment.

Trial Design

Name of trial

PXS5505-MF-101: A phase 1/2a study to evaluate safety, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic dose escalation and expansion study of PXS-5505 in patients with primary, post-polycythaemia vera or post-essential thrombocythemia myelofibrosis

Trial number

NCT04676529

Primary endpoint

To determine the safety of PXS-5505 in patients with myelofibrosis

Secondary endpoints

Blinding status

Open label

Placebo controlled

No

Trial design

Randomised, multicentre, 4 week duration phase 1 (dose escalation) followed by 6 month phase 2 (dose expansion)

Treatment route

Oral

Treatment frequency

Twice daily

Dose level

Dose escalation: three escalating doses

Dose expansion: one dose

Number of subjects

Dose escalation: minimum of three patients to maximum of 18 patients

Dose expansion: 24 patients

Subject selection criteria

Patients with primary or secondary myelofibrosis who are intolerant, unresponsive or ineligible for treatment with approved JAK inhibitor drugs

Trial locations

Dose escalation: Australia (2 sites) and South Korea (4 sites)

Dose expansion: Australia, Korea, Taiwan, USA

Commercial partners involved

No commercial partner

Reference: (1) doi.org/10.1002/ajh.23409

AUTHORISED FOR RELEASE TO ASX BY:

Pharmaxis Ltd Disclosure Committee. Contact: David McGarvey, Chief Financial Officer and Company Secretary: T +61 2 9454 7203, E [emailprotected]

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About Pharmaxis

Pharmaxis Ltd is an Australian clinical stage drug development company developing drugs for inflammatory and fibrotic diseases, with a focus on myelofibrosis. The company has a highly productive drug discovery engine built on its expertise in the chemistry of amine oxidase inhibitors, with drug candidates in clinical trials. Pharmaxis has also developed two respiratory products which are approved and supplied in global markets, generating ongoing revenue.

Pharmaxis is developing its drug PXS-5505 for the bone marrow cancer myelofibrosis which causes a build up of scar tissue that leads to loss of production of red and white blood cells and platelets. The US Food and Drug Administration has granted Orphan Drug Designation to PXS-5055 for the treatment of myelofibrosis and permission under an Investigational Drug Application (IND) to progress a phase 1c/2 clinical trial that began recruitment in Q1 2021. PXS5505 is also being investigated as a potential treatment for other cancers such as liver and pancreatic cancer.

Other drug candidates being developed from Pharmaxis' amine oxidase chemistry platform are targeting fibrotic diseases such as kidney fibrosis, NASH, pulmonary fibrosis and cardiac fibrosis; fibrotic scarring from burns and other trauma; and inflammatory diseases such as Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.

Pharmaxis has developed two products from its proprietary spray drying technology that are manufactured and exported from its Sydney facility; Bronchitol for cystic fibrosis, which is approved and marketed in the United States, Europe, Russia and Australia; and Aridol for the assessment of asthma, which is approved and marketed in the United States, Europe, Australia and Asia.

Pharmaxis is listed on the Australian Securities Exchange (PXS). Its head office, manufacturing and research facilities are in Sydney, Australia. http://www.pharmaxis.com.au

About PXS-5505

PXS-5505 is an orally taken drug that inhibits the lysyl oxidase family of enzymes, two members LOX and LOXL2 are strongly upregulated in human myelofibrosis. In pre-clinical models of myelofibrosis PXS-5505 reversed the bone marrow fibrosis that drives morbidity and mortality in myelofibrosis and reduced many of the abnormalities associated with this disease. It has already received IND approval and Orphan Drug Designation from the FDA.

About Myelofibrosis

Myelofibrosis is a disorder in which normal bone marrow tissue is gradually replaced with a fibrous scar-like material. Over time, this leads to progressive bone marrow failure. Under normal conditions, the bone marrow provides a fine network of fibres on which the stem cells can divide and grow. Specialised cells in the bone marrow known as fibroblasts make these fibres.

In myelofibrosis, chemicals released by high numbers of platelets and abnormal megakaryocytes (platelet forming cells) over-stimulate the fibroblasts. This results in the overgrowth of thick coarse fibres in the bone marrow, which gradually replace normal bone marrow tissue. Over time this destroys the normal bone marrow environment, preventing the production of adequate numbers of red cells, white cells and platelets. This results in anaemia, low platelet counts and the production of blood cells in areas outside the bone marrow for example in the spleen and liver, which become enlarged as a result.

Myelofibrosis can occur at any age but is usually diagnosed later in life, between the ages of 60 and 70 years. The cause of myelofibrosis remains largely unknown. It can be classified as either JAK2 mutation positive (having the JAK2 mutation) or negative (not having the JAK2 mutation).

Source: Australian Leukemia Foundation: https://www.leukaemia.org.au/disease-information/myeloproliferative-disorders/types-of-mpn/primary-myelofibrosis/

Forward-looking statements

Forwardlooking statements in this media release include statements regarding our expectations, beliefs, hopes, goals, intentions, initiatives or strategies, including statements regarding the potential of products and drug candidates. All forward-looking statements included in this media release are based upon information available to us as of the date hereof. Actual results, performance or achievements could be significantly different from those expressed in, or implied by, these forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are not guarantees or predictions of future results, levels of performance, and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, many of which are beyond our control, and which may cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in the statements contained in this document. For example, despite our efforts there is no certainty that we will be successful in developing or partnering any of the products in our pipeline on commercially acceptable terms, in a timely fashion or at all. Except as required by law we undertake no obligation to update these forward-looking statements as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

CONTACT:

Media: Felicity Moffatt: T +61 418 677 701, E [emailprotected]

Investor relations:Rudi Michelson (Monsoon Communications) T +61 411 402 737, E [emailprotected]

SOURCE Pharmaxis Limited

http://www.pharmaxis.com.au

Read more:
Pharmaxis Cleared To Progress To Phase 2 Bone Marrow Cancer Trial - PRNewswire

TUCSON, Ariz., Oct. 5, 2021 /PRNewswire/ --On November 15th, 2021, healthcare professionals and the general public are invited to participate in World Cord Blood Day 2021 (www.WorldCordBloodDay.org) via a free online conference and live educational events being held around the globe. Registration is now open (free, public welcome).

Cord blood is the blood left in the umbilical cord and placenta following the birth of a child. It is rich in life-saving stem cells. While cord blood has been used for over 30 years, Covid-19 has renewed interest in this medical resource given its unique regenerative qualities and the fact that most cord blood currently stored was collected prior to the pandemic. These units are naturally Covid-free, an advantage over many other stem cell sources. Yet, cord blood is still thrown away as medical waste in the majority of births worldwide. Education is key to changing this practice and World Cord Blood Day 2021 will provide the perfect opportunity for OBGYNs, midwives, transplant doctors, nurses, parents and students to learn about this vital medical resource.

During World Cord Blood Day 2021, participants will learn how cord blood is used to treat over 80 life-threatening diseases such as leukemia and lymphoma, bone marrow failure, immune deficiency diseases and inherited blood disorders such as thalassemia and sickle cell disease. Leading transplant doctors and researchers will also highlight cord blood's role in the emerging fields of gene therapy and regenerative medicine to potentially treat cerebral palsy, autism, stroke and more.

Organized by Save the Cord Foundation, a 501c3 non-profit, World Cord Blood Day 2021 is officially sponsored by QuickSTAT Global Life Science Logistics, recognized leader in medical shipping and healthcare logistics. Inspiring Partners include Be the Match (NMDP), World Marrow Donor Association (WMDA-Netcord), AABB Center for Cellular Therapies, Cord Blood Association, and the Foundation for the Accreditation of Cellular Therapy (FACT).

"QuickSTAT, part of Kuehne+Nagel, is proud to sponsor the 5th annual World Cord Blood Day to help support and educate the healthcare community and expectant parents about the life-saving value of cord blood stem cells. We're excited to play a role in the research and development of cord blood derivative therapies by providing logistics supply chain solutions to cord blood, biotech and pharmaceutical companies worldwide," said Monroe Burgess, VP Life Science Commercial Marketing, QuickSTAT.

Visit http://www.WorldCordBloodDay.org to learn how you can participate. Show your support on social media: @CordBloodDay, #WorldCordBloodDay, #WCBD21

About Save the Cord FoundationSave the Cord Foundation (a 501c3 non-profit) was established to advance cord blood education providing non-commercial information to health professionals and the public regarding methods for saving cord blood, as well as current applications and the latest research. http://www.SaveTheCordFoundation.org.

About QuickSTAT Global Life Science LogisticsEvery day, QuickSTAT, a part of Kuehne+Nagel, safely and reliably moves thousands of critical shipments around the world. For over forty years, QuickSTAT has been entrusted with transporting human organs and tissue for transplant or research, blood, blood products, cord blood, bone marrow, medical devices, and personalized medicine, 24/7/365. QuickSTAT's specially trained experts work with hospitals, laboratories, blood banks and medical processing centers, and utilize the safest routes to ensure integrity, temperature control and chain of custody throughout the transportation process. Learn more at http://www.quickstat.aero.

Contact:Charis Ober(520) 419-0269[emailprotected]

SOURCE Save the Cord Foundation

http://www.SaveTheCordFoundation.org

Link:
Ready to Treat Over 80 Life-Threatening Diseases, Discover the Potential of Cord Blood during World Cord Blood Day 2021 - PRNewswire

A student has completed the London Marathon alongside the stem cell donor who saved her life.

icky Lawrence, 21, from Moseley, Birmingham, was diagnosed with severe aplastic anaemia in 2008, when she was eight years old, a condition in which the bone marrow does not produce an adequate number of new blood cells.

Thanks to Elliott Brock, a physiotherapist from Mersea Island, Essex, Ms Lawrence received a transplant that same year.

Ms Lawrence sent Mr Brock a letter in 2015 and the pair met for the first time.

Fast forward to 2021 and they have just completed the London Marathon in support of Anthony Nolan.

Ms Lawrence, who is in her fourth year of a medical degree at Newcastle University, told the PA news agency that completing the marathon was absolutely amazing.

She said: Crossing the finish line was so emotional, not just because wed run 26 miles, but running 26 miles alongside the man who saved your life is a pretty big feat.

Ms Lawrence added: A big slogan of Anthony Nolan is without your support, there is no cure.

Without Elliott donating his stem cells to a stranger, I would not be here. I wouldnt have made it to Christmas. I would never have had the opportunities Ive had to go to university, to study abroad, to play hockey.

Him donating his stem cells gave me a second life and there are still so many people that need a transplant that are not finding the matches they need, especially among the ethnic minority community.

Unfortunately if you are of ethnic minority background, you only have a 37% chance of finding a match.

Mr Brock, 42, who wore a mask and cape during the race, said: That was a tongue of check nod [to the fact that the] easiest way to be called a hero is to donate your bone marrow.

I cannot emphasise to people enough that it is pain-free.

He added: It was just a day of celebration for London to celebrate having their marathon back.

The crowds were amazing and obviously to be side-by-side with the girl whose life, through the amazing work of Anthony Nolan, I managed to save sort of 13 years ago was just surreal really.

Its a lovely story of how my simple act made such a massive difference and we are able to celebrate it so many years after.

Anthony Nolan chief executive Henny Braund said: We are so grateful to Vicky and Elliott for running to raise funds and awareness of Anthony Nolan and the lifesaving work that we do.

Every day five Vickys, patients with blood cancer or a blood disorder, start their search for an Elliott.

If youre aged 16-30 and in good health, please consider joining the Anthony Nolan stem cell register. You could potentially save a life.

More information on how to join the stem cell register can be found at: http://www.anthonynolan.org/help-save-a-life/join-stem-cell-register

Originally posted here:
Student completes London Marathon with the man who saved her life - Independent.ie

Published: Oct. 4, 2021 at 6:00 AM EDT

NEW YORK, Oct. 4, 2021 /PRNewswire/ -- BrainStorm Cell Therapeutics Inc. (NASDAQ: BCLI), a leading developer of cellular therapies for neurodegenerative diseases, announced today that Stacy Lindborg, Ph.D., Executive Vice President and Head of Global Clinical Research, will deliver a presentation at the2021 Cell & Gene Meeting on the Mesa, being held as a hybrid conferenceOctober 12-14, and October 19-20, 2021.

Dr. Lindborg's presentation highlights the expansion of Brainstorm's technology portfolio to include autologous and allogeneic product candidates, covering multiple neurological diseases. The most progressed clinical development program, which includes a completed phase 3 trial of NurOwn in ALS patients, remains the highest priority for Brainstorm. Brainstorm is committed to pursuing the best and most expeditious path forward to enable patients to access NurOwn.

Dr. Lindborg's presentation will be in the form of an on-demand webinar that will be available beginning October 12. Those who wish to listen to the presentation are required to registerhere. At the conclusion of the 2021 Cell & Gene Meeting on the Mesa, a copy of the presentation will also be available in the "Investors and Media" section of the BrainStorm website underEvents and Presentations.

About the 2021 Cell & Gene Meeting on the Mesa

The meeting will feature sessions and workshops covering a mix of commercialization topics related to the cell and gene therapy sector including the latest updates on market access and reimbursement schemes, international regulation harmonization, manufacturing and CMC challenges, investment opportunities for the sector, among others. There will be over 135 presentations by leading public and private companies, highlighting technical and clinical achievements over the past 12 months in the areas of cell therapy, gene therapy, gene editing, tissue engineering and broader regenerative medicine technologies.

The conference will be delivered in a hybrid format to allow for an in-person experience as well as a virtual participation option. The in-person conference will take place October 12-14 in Carlsbad, CA. Virtual registrants will have access to all content via livestream during program dates. Additionally, all content will be available on-demand within 24 hours of the live program time. Virtual partnering meetings will take place October 19-20 via Zoom.

About NurOwn

The NurOwntechnology platform (autologous MSC-NTF cells) represents a promising investigational therapeutic approach to targeting disease pathways important in neurodegenerative disorders. MSC-NTF cells are produced from autologous, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that have been expanded and differentiated ex vivo. MSCs are converted into MSC-NTF cells by growing them under patented conditions that induce the cells to secrete high levels of neurotrophic factors (NTFs). Autologous MSC-NTF cells are designed to effectively deliver multiple NTFs and immunomodulatory cytokines directly to the site of damage to elicit a desired biological effect and ultimately slow or stabilize disease progression.

About BrainStorm Cell Therapeutics Inc.

BrainStorm Cell Therapeutics Inc. is a leading developer of innovative autologous adult stem cell therapeutics for debilitating neurodegenerative diseases. The Company holds the rights to clinical development and commercialization of the NurOwntechnology platform used to produce autologous MSC-NTF cells through an exclusive, worldwide licensing agreement. Autologous MSC-NTF cells have received Orphan Drug designation status from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). BrainStorm has completed a Phase 3 pivotal trial in ALS (NCT03280056); this trial investigated the safety and efficacy of repeat-administration of autologous MSC-NTF cells and was supported by a grant from the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (CIRM CLIN2-0989). BrainStorm completed under an investigational new drug application a Phase 2 open-label multicenter trial (NCT03799718) of autologous MSC-NTF cells in progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) and was supported by a grant from the National MS Society (NMSS).

For more information, visit the company's website atwww.brainstorm-cell.com.

Safe-Harbor Statement

Statements in this announcement other than historical data and information, including statements regarding future NurOwnmanufacturing and clinical development plans, constitute "forward-looking statements" and involve risks and uncertainties that could cause BrainStorm Cell Therapeutics Inc.'s actual results to differ materially from those stated or implied by such forward-looking statements. Terms and phrases such as "may," "should," "would," "could," "will," "expect,""likely," "believe," "plan," "estimate," "predict," "potential," and similar terms and phrases are intended to identify these forward-looking statements. The potential risks and uncertainties include, without limitation, BrainStorm's need to raise additional capital, BrainStorm's ability to continue as a going concern, the prospects for regulatory approval of BrainStorm's NurOwntreatment candidate, the initiation, completion, and success of BrainStorm's product development programs and research, regulatory and personnel issues, development of a global market for our services, the ability to secure and maintain research institutions to conduct our clinical trials, the ability to generate significant revenue, the ability of BrainStorm's NurOwntreatment candidate to achieve broad acceptance as a treatment option for ALS or other neurodegenerative diseases, BrainStorm's ability to manufacture, or to use third parties to manufacture, and commercialize the NurOwntreatment candidate, obtaining patents that provide meaningful protection, competition and market developments, BrainStorm's ability to protect our intellectual property from infringement by third parties, heath reform legislation, demand for our services, currency exchange rates and product liability claims and litigation; and other factors detailed in BrainStorm's annual report on Form 10-K and quarterly reports on Form 10-Q available athttp://www.sec.gov. These factors should be considered carefully, and readers should not place undue reliance on BrainStorm's forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements contained in this press release are based on the beliefs, expectations and opinions of management as of the date of this press release. We do not assume any obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect actual results or assumptions if circumstances or management's beliefs, expectations or opinions should change, unless otherwise required by law. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements.

ContactsInvestor Relations:Eric GoldsteinLifeSci Advisors, LLCPhone: +1 646.791.9729egoldstein@lifesciadvisors.com

Media:Paul TyahlaSmithSolvePhone: + 1.973.713.3768Paul.tyahla@smithsolve.com

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SOURCE Brainstorm Cell Therapeutics Inc

The above press release was provided courtesy of PRNewswire. The views, opinions and statements in the press release are not endorsed by Gray Media Group nor do they necessarily state or reflect those of Gray Media Group, Inc.

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BrainStorm to Present at the 2021 Cell & Gene Meeting on the Mesa - WWNY

StemExpress to use utilize the Thermo Fisher Accula rapid PCR testing system to provide event attendees with accurate results in 30 minutes.

Published: Oct. 5, 2021 at 2:33 PM CDT|Updated: 3 hours ago

SACRAMENTO, Calif., Oct. 5, 2021 /PRNewswire/ --StemExpress is proud to announce that they will be the official COVID-19 testing provider for 2021's Meeting on the Mesa, a hybrid event bringing together great minds in the cell and gene biotech sphere. It has partnered with Alliance for Regenerative Medicine to comply with the newly implemented California state COVID-19 vaccination and testing policy regarding gatherings with 1,000 or more attendees. This partnership will allow the vital in-person networking aspect of the event to commence while protecting the health and safety of participants and attendees.

In-person networking commences at the 2021 Cell and Gene Meeting on the Mesa with COVID-19 testing options provided by StemExpress.

As a leading global provider of human biospecimen products, StemExpress understands the incredible impact that Meeting on the Mesa has on the industry and has been a proud participant for many years. For over a decade, StemExpress has provided the cell and gene industry with vital research products and holds valued partnerships with many of this year's participants. As such, it understands the immense value that in-person networking provides and is excited to help bring this element back to the meeting safely and responsibly.

StemExpress has been a trusted provider of widescale COVID-19 testing solutions since early 2020 - providing testing for government agencies, public health departments, private sector organizations, and the public nationwide. For Meeting on the Mesa, StemExpress is offering convenient testing options for unvaccinated attendees and those traveling from outside of the country. Options will include take-home RT-PCR COVID Self-Testing Kits and on-site, rapid PCR testing for the duration of the event. The self-testing kit option allows attendees to test for COVID in the days leading up to the event for a seamless admission and the days following the event to confirm they haven't been exposed. The on-site rapid testing option utilizes the new Thermo Fisher Accula, offering in-person testing at the event with results in around 30 minutes. StemExpress is excited to bring these state-of-the-art COVID testing solutions to the frontlines of the Cell & Gene industry to allow for safe in-person connections.

The StemExpress partnership with Alliance for Regenerative Medicine seeks to empower the entire cell and gene industry with a long-awaited opportunity to return to traditional networking practices. It is well known that innovation doesn't exist in a vacuum - allowing great minds to come together is a sure way to spur scientific growth and advance cutting-edge research, giving hope for future cures.

Cell and Gene Meeting on the Mesa will take place October 12th, 2021, through October 14th, 2021, at Park Hyatt Aviara,7100 Aviara Resort Drive Carlsbad, CA 92011. To learn more about the event, please visit MeetingOnTheMesa.com.

For more information about COVID testing solutions for businesses and events, visit https://www.stemexpress.com/covid-19-testing/.

About StemExpress:

Founded in 2010 and headquartered in Sacramento, California, StemExpress is a leading global biospecimen provider of human primary cells, stem cells, bone marrow, cord blood, peripheral blood, and disease-state products. Its products are used for research and development, clinical trials, and commercial production of cell and gene therapies by academic, biotech, diagnostic, pharmaceutical, and contract research organizations (CRO's).

StemExpress has over a dozen global distribution partners and seven (7) brick-and-mortar cellular clinics in the United States, outfitted with GMP certified laboratories. StemExpress runs its own non-profit supporting STEM initiatives, college and high school internships, and women-led organizations. It is registered with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and is continuously expanding its network of healthcare partnerships, which currently includes over 50 hospitals in Europe and 3 US healthcare systems - encompassing 31 hospitals, 35 outpatient facilities, and over 200 individual practices and clinics.

StemExpress has been ranked by Inc. 500 as one of the fastest-growing companies in the U.S.

About the Alliance for Regenerative Medicine:

The Alliance for Regenerative Medicine (ARM) is the leading international advocacy organization dedicated to realizing the promise of regenerative medicines and advanced therapies. ARM promotes legislative, regulatory, reimbursement and manufacturing initiatives to advance this innovative and transformative sector, which includes cell therapies, gene therapies and tissue-based therapies. Early products to market have demonstrated profound, durable and potentially curative benefits that are already helping thousands of patients worldwide, many of whom have no other viable treatment options. Hundreds of additional product candidates contribute to a robust pipeline of potentially life-changing regenerative medicines and advanced therapies. In its 12-year history, ARM has become the voice of the sector, representing the interests of 400+ members worldwide, including small and large companies, academic research institutions, major medical centers and patient groups. To learn more about ARM or to become a member, visit http://www.alliancerm.org.

Media Contact: Anthony Tucker, atucker@stemexpress.com

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SOURCE StemExpress

The above press release was provided courtesy of PRNewswire. The views, opinions and statements in the press release are not endorsed by Gray Media Group nor do they necessarily state or reflect those of Gray Media Group, Inc.

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StemExpress Partners with the Alliance for Regenerative Medicine to Provide COVID-19 Testing for the Cell and Gene Meeting on the Mesa - WSAW

July13, 20216 min read

Opinions expressed by Entrepreneur contributors are their own.

On June 13, Laura Wilkinson did not qualify in her attempt to join this years U.S. Olympic Diving Team finishing inonly 10th place at the final qualifying event in Indianapolis.

But Lauras performance was so inspiring that she received a standing ovation from everyone who attended. Why? Because at age 43, Laura is now more than twice as old as she was when she won her gold medal at the 2000 Olympics in Sydney.

While it may not be surprising that she didnt qualify for this years team, the very idea that she was in shape to compete at all clearly shows how much progress weve made in not only extending longevity, but also living healthier as we age. In the last century alone, average life expectancy in the U.S. has increased from around 60 to nearly 80 years.

At this rate, it wont be long before 100 years old becomes "the new 60."

Indeed, new scientific discoveries and innovative research into health and medicine continueto reveal new insights into how the human body works and how we can delay the impact of aging many that we couldnt even imagine only a few short years ago.

Related:Former Quarterback Jim McMahon Calls AdvancedStem-Cell Therapy 'Truly Miraculous'

As the CEO of BioXcellerator, a leading stem-cell treatment and research center, Ive made it my mission to work with a team of talented scientists and physicians to further progress to help everyone worldwide live longer and enjoy better health.

Weve long known about the benefits of a healthy lifestyle and diet. And physicians now have access to more advanced surgical procedures and new medications. But as it turns out, the secret to maintaining excellent health and vitality isnt so secretive at least at the cellular level.

You see, your body already knows how to heal itself, through a natural process based on stem cells. Youre not aware of it, of course, but all of the cells in your body neurons in your brain, cardiac cells in your heart, immune cells that circulate through your bloodand all other cells are constantly being replaced with new cells.

Yet even though each type of cell functions differently, they all begin as stem cells created in your bone marrow, then differentiated to become a specific type of cell.

As we age, however, stem-cell production declines. Thats why stem-cell therapy is such an exciting frontier in medicine today:After an infusion of millions of high-potency stem cells, your body goes right to workusingthose cells to heal damaged tissue, reduce inflammation, improve immunity, and boost vitality and performance.

Even damage from injuries sustained many years ago can be healed from an infusion of stem cells.

Related:This Is HowStem-CellTherapy Treats Serious Brain Injuries

Although more effective medical treatments for various diseases and disorders certainly benefits humanity, heres a better approach: Prevent disease in the first place. Yes, nutrition and exercise make a big difference, but recent studies clearly show how enhancing immunity and reducing chronic inflammation can add even more years to our lives and improve our health.

Yet, while were aware of what we eat and our level of physical activity, we dont fully appreciate the battle our immune cells fight every minute of every day 24/7. Theyre constantly on patrol throughout your body, seeking out and destroying various viruses and other microbes that threaten our health and lives. That may seem overly dramatic, but one things for sure:Without immunity, there would be no humanity. Our species couldnt exist.

Another battle that rages inside us comes in the form of inflammation. Although inflammation is the bodys natural signaling system that various tissues need repair and healing, when continued ongoing inflammation becomes chronic, it can actually cause even more serious damage throughout the entire body. Recent studies suggest that while an anti-inflammatory diet and other lifestyle choices (for example, getting enough sleep) can reduce excess inflammation, stem cells also provide anti-inflammatory benefits and boost immunity too.

At BioXcellerator, we offer stem-cell therapy to treat a wide range of diseases and injuries, but regardless of what patients get treated for, one common resultrings loud and clear:Patients report that they feel better. They have more vitality, moreenergy, enhanced cognitive function and a greater overall sense of well-being.

After all, the body doesnt know why its receiving new stem cells, so it uses those cells to both heal specific damage and better modulate the immune system and regulate inflammation.

Related:High-Potency 'GoldenCells' Offer Hope to Those With Severe Brain Injuries

With even more advanced testing now available, such as whole-body and brain MRIs, genome sequencing andliquid biopsy using cell-free DNA, we can detect the onset of many serious diseases and disorders far earlier, including heart disease, cancer, and autoimmune and degenerative conditions.

Theres overwhelming evidence that many cancers and heart disease can be treated more effectively when detected at an early stage. These more accurate and precise tests also enable us to provide personalized recommendations forchanges in diet and lifestyle that can help prevent or delay the onset of many diseases and conditions altogether.

Many athletes turn to stem cells to maintain peak performance duringtheir careers, and to extend them;they also receive treatment after they retire to alleviate chronic pain from injuries suffered over many years.

No, its not so miraculous. Its all based on science. As we learn more about extending longevity, immunityand performance, Im more convinced than ever that age 100 will become the new 60.

Excerpt from:
The Future of Health: Why Age 100 Will Soon Become 'the New 60' - Entrepreneur

Introduction

Profilin 1 (PFN1) is a ubiquitous small-molecule protein that exists in all eukaryotes.1 PFN1 was first identified as a G-actin sequestering molecule,2 and subsequently, its true functions in actin polymerization and F-actin dynamics were revealed.3 In the following decades, the structure of PFN1 was recognized to have 3 domains: an actin-binding domain,4 a poly-L-proline (PLP)-binding domain,5 and a phosphoinositide-binding domain.6

PFN1 plays a vital role in many cell functions, including membrane trafficking, endocytosis, cell cycle, motility, proliferation, cell survival, transcription, stemness, and autophagy (Figure 1). Abnormal expression or deletion of PFN1 can affect the normal physiological activity of cells and lead to disease development. PFN1 has been deeply studied in a variety of diseases, some genetic (eg, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis)7 and some chronic (eg, hypertension).8

In the past 10 years, PFN1s role in cancer has received increasing attention. In this review, we summarize the studies of PFN1 in cancer that have been completed in recent years, discuss the roles of PFN1 in cancer, and discuss the implications for tumor diagnosis and therapy in the future.

Early diagnosis of cancers is still a major challenge worldwide, and early detection can notably reduce their associated morbidity and mortality.9 PFN1, a critical actin-binding protein, is found to be dysregulated in many cancers, which makes it possible to use it as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis. PFN1 mainly plays a role in the cytoplasm, but it can also be found in the nucleus and can even be secreted into the extracellular space. The rich knowledge in the proteomics field makes the detection of proteins for new diagnostic markers and targets for therapy possible.10

In some tumor types (such as renal cell carcinoma [RCC], gastric cancer, and others), high expression of PFN1 indicates later stage and worse prognosis. Via differential proteomics, PFN1 has been identified in metastatic and primary RCC, and further analysis indicated that high PFN1 expression was associated with poor outcome and that PFN1 could be used as a potential prognostic marker in RCC.11 In clear-cell RCC (ccRCC), the expression of PFN1 was decreased in early-stage tumors compared with normal tissues. However, its expression in stage IV ccRCC was significantly increased. PFN1 was selected as a candidate marker of late-stage ccRCC.12 Results of a recent study determined that the vast majority of ccRCC tumors tend to be selectively PFN1-positive in stromal cells only; dramatic transcriptional upregulation of PFN1 was found in tumor-associated vascular endothelial cells in clinical specimens of ccRCC.13 Tissue microarray results also showed that PFN1 was increased in metastatic ccRCC compared with primary tumors. Univariate analysis suggested that higher PFN1 expression was associated with shorter disease-free survival (HR, 7.36; P = .047) and lower overall survival.14

In gastric cancer, Tanaka et al found that PFN1 was highly expressed in fetal rat stomach. Additionally, PFN1 was overexpressed in some human and rat gastric cancers.15 The results of later studies indicated that PFN1 expression was higher in gastric cancer tissues than in adjacent normal tissues. High PFN1 expression was correlated with tumor infiltration, lymph node metastasis, and tumor-node-metastases (TNM) stage. Functional assays confirmed that silencing PFN1 could inhibit the invasion and migration of gastric cancer cell lines.16

In addition, PFN1 expression was higher in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Lower expression of PFN1 was associated with better prognosis and a higher survival rate in NSCLC.17 Proteomic analysis revealed that PFN1 was differentially expressed in laryngeal carcinoma tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. Further study results revealed that PFN1 was increased in laryngeal carcinoma tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues, indicating that PFN1 was a novel potential biomarker for the diagnosis of laryngeal carcinoma.18

However, in some other tumors (such as colorectal cancer [CRC], oral carcinoma, and others), the opposite is true. PFN1 was downregulated in pancreatic cancer.19-20 Lower expression of PFN1 was significantly associated with a shorter survival period.20 In late-stage oral squamous cell carcinoma, PFN1 expression was lower than that in normal oral epithelium, and loss of PFN1 expression was related to invasion into and metastasis of lymph nodes.21 PFN1 was also decreased in late advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and was associated with a poor survival rate of patients.22-23 In addition, PFN1 was found to be downregulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma24 and breast cancer.25 Combined with another 4 actin-binding proteins, PFN1 could be used to construct a model for predicting poor prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.26

Under normal physiological conditions, PFN1 is involved in multiple cellular functions, such as cell motility, migration, adhesion, and transduction signaling pathways.27 PFN1 is differentially expressed in various types of tissues and cells, which may explain its variable tumorigenic mechanisms in different tumors, even in different stages of the same cancer (Figure 2). Because PFN1 plays important roles in tumorigenesis and progression, targeting PFN1 dysregulation could to some extent influence the prognosis of patients with cancer. Determining the expression of PFN1 could thus be used to distinguish high-risk disease from lower-risk disease. Combination with other indices could further improve the diagnostic and prognostic value of PFN1.

In addition to dysregulation in tumor tissues, PFN1 was also found to bedifferentially expressed in the serum, urine, and extracellular vesicles of patients with cancer, which makes it possible to utilize PFN1 in liquid biopsy analysis of tumors. Compared with tumor tissue biopsy, liquid biopsy is a more practical method for real-time monitoring of patients with cancer.28 In addition, PFN1 was detected in the supernatants of cultured cells.

It has been shown that PFN1 gene expression is increased in peripheral blood cells of patients with HCC compared with healthy controls.29 A 9-gene expression system (including PFN1) was used to discriminate patients with HCC from healthy people.30 Proteomic analysis of serum proteins showed that PFN1 was increased in patients with gallbladder cancer. The expression difference between these patients and healthy controls was more than 2-fold.31 PFN1 was differentially expressed in the urine of patients with invasive and noninvasive bladder cancer. Further studies confirmed that PFN1 was notably decreased in the epithelium of invasive bladder tumors compared with noninvasive tumors, which was associated with the clinical outcomes of bladder cancer.32 In in vitro pancreatic cancer cell lines, PFN1 was downregulated in secretomes compared with nonneoplastic pancreatic ductal cells.33 In invitro cultured RCC cell lines, PFN1 was differentially regulated in the supernatant. Further studies revealed that PFN1 was upregulated in RCC tissues.34 Apart from its dysregulation in serum and urine, PFN1 was found to be downregulated in the circulating leukocytes of patients with breast cancer compared with healthy controls, which provides a new paradigm for highly sensitive and less invasive approaches for the diagnosis of breast cancer.35 Studies have already revealed that PFN1 can be secreted via exosomes or other secretory pathways.36-38

Extracellular PFN1 in the tumor microenvironment can be taken up by recipient cells and execute its function in recipient cells, which in turn may influence the biological behavior of cells in the microenvironment, ultimately affecting tumorigenesis and progression of cancers. As mentioned above, PFN1 is expressed differentially in the serum and urine of patients with cancer, which enables its application as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis in liquid biopsy (Table 1).

Cell motility involves membrane protrusion, cell matrix adhesion, cell body translocation, and rear detachment. Many of these processes require the actin cytoskeleton and its regulators. By facilitating the exchange of ATP for ADP on G-actin, PFN1 plays a major role in actin polymerization, thus influencing motility in numerous cells.39 PFN1 also participates in cell motility by regulating actin polymerization and interactions with other regulators of actin cytoskeletons, such as ARP3, VASP, and proteins of cell signaling pathways. Cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix adhesion are critical contributors to maintaining tissue architecture. Dysregulation of cell-cell adhesion is an important sign in tumor initiation and progression of malignancy. PFN1 can modulate cell adhesion and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer cells. However, the mechanisms by which PFN1 regulates cell adhesion are still not very clear. Undoubtedly, learning more about the roles of PFN1 in cell adhesion and motility will help us better understand its roles in modulating tumor invasion and migration.

Since PFN1 plays a critical role in actin polymerization, it is an indispensable regulator of cell motility. PFN1 participates in the invasion and metastasis of multiple cancers. However, the roles of PFN1 in regulating cell motility are context specific.27 Exogenous PFN1 with intact actin-binding abilities can ameliorate the adherence and spreading capabilities of cancer cells and exert tumor-suppressive effects in breast cancer.40 Consistent with the results of the study by Wittenmayer et al, Zou et al found that PFN1 overexpression could revert MDA MB-231 cells to an epithelioid phenotype, with restored adherence junctions.41 In addition, PFN1 overexpression could promote AMPK activation and p27 phosphorylation, which in turn induces epithelial morphological reversion of mesenchymal breast cancer through restoration of adherens junctions.42 These studies highlighted the involvement of PFN1 in epithelial adhesion and differentiation, which helped us better understand its roles in cancer cell motility.

Invadopodia are actin-driven membrane protrusions that can deliver matrix metalloproteinases to degrade the matrix and support invasion and dissemination of tumor cells. Any dysregulation of the actin cytoskeleton can impair the formation and maturation of invadopodia.43-46 PFN1 can regulate PI(3,4)P2, which in turn negatively regulates lamellipodin at the leading edge of breast cancer cells and thus inhibits those cells motility.47 The depletion of PFN1 leads to an increase in the level of PI(3,4)P2 in invadopodia and its interacting adaptor Tks5. The interaction of PI(3,4)P2-Tks5 has been shown to promote the anchorage, maturation, and turnover of invadopodia, which in turn enhances the invasiveness and motility of breast cancer.48 Breast cancer is an invasive adenocarcinoma, and numerous studies have found that PFN1 is downregulated in breast cancer tissues.49-54 Overexpression of PFN1 reduces the invasion and migration of breast cancer cells, while loss of PFN1 significantly enhances breast cancer cell motility and invasion. Mechanisms involved in PFN1s negative roles in breast cancer metastasis include Enabled (Ena)/vasodilator stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP)-dependent lamellipodial protrusion,51 miRNA-182 regulation,52 and regulation of PFN1 degradation.53 Mouneimne et al found that PFN1 knockdown (KD) could increase F-actin bundles and enhance stress fiber formation. In that study, the numbers of protrusions in PFN1-KD cells were markedly decreased, and PFN1-KD could inhibit the motility of breast cancer.55 Moreover, Liu et al indicated that the interaction of LMO2-PFN1 and LMO2-ARP3 could promote the formation of lamellipodia/filopodia in basal-type breast cancer cells.56 Ena/VASP is a critical regulator of the actin cytoskeleton at the leading edge of cells, which controls membrane protrusions and cell motility. Cell-substrate adhesion and downregulation of Protein Kinase A (PKA) promote interactions of PFN1 with VASP, which is another mechanism by which PFN1 regulates cell motility.57-58 Knockdown of PFN-1 has been shown to abrogate the inhibitory effect of tyrphostin A9, suggesting that modulating PFN1 expression could have therapeutic potential in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer.59

As in breast cancer, PFN1 was found to be a suppressor of migration in HCC.22,23,60 All-trans retinoic acid60 and guttiferone K22 could inhibit hepatocellular cell migration and proliferation by upregulating the expression of PFN1. In prostate cancer, cathepsin X can inactivate PFN1, thus promoting adhesion, invasion, and migration of cancer cells.61 In CRC, elevated expression of PFN1 obviously inhibited invasion and migration. PFN1 was suppressed by the HLA-F-AS1/miRNA-330-3p/PFN1 or HCP5/miRNA-299-3p/PFN1/AKT axis.62-63

Interestingly, Ding et al showed that in the early stages of metastasis, breast cancer cells exhibit a hyperinvasive phenotype characterized by upregulation of MMP-9 and by faster invasion when PFN1 expression is downregulated. However, in the late stages of metastasis, loss of PFN1 markedly inhibits the growth of metastatic colonies of breast cancer cells.54 Rizwani et al reported that PFN1 expression was elevated in breast cancer tissues and that overexpression of PFN1 could inhibit the migration of breast cancer cells. The phosphorylation of S137 mutants abrogated PFN1s promotion of migration. These studies provided a different vision of PFN1s role in breast cancer metastasis.64

In gastric cancer, silencing PFN1 inhibited the invasion and migration of cells, and the PFN1 expression level in cancer tissue was positively correlated with tumor infiltration and lymph node metastasis.16 However, different conclusions were drawn from the study of Ma et al. The authors found that PFN1 expression was inversely correlated with lymph node metastasis.65 In the lung cancer cell line A549, downregulation of PFN1 inhibited migration.17 In addition, in vitro studies support the importance of PFN1 in the proliferation and migration of RCC cells, and treatment with a novel computationally designed PFN1-actin interaction inhibitor reduced the proliferation and migration of RCC cells in vitro and RCC tumor growth in vivo.13 Additional studies have demonstrated that downregulation of PFN1 can also suppress the migration of laryngeal cancer18 and bladder cancer.66

Although more studies on PFN1 have been completed recently, its roles in cancer metastasis are still unclear. The concentrations of actin and PFN1 are time- and space-specific, and so is the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton (Table 2). Additional thorough studies are needed to comprehend the mechanisms and laws regulating the actin cytoskeleton. More importantly, in addition to actin dependence, PFN1 affects cell migration in an actin-independent manner by interacting with proteins with PIP2 or PLP domains. Furthermore, lncRNAs and microRNAs also modulate the functions of PFN1. All of these proteins and RNAs interact with PFN1 and indirectly influence the functions of cancer cells, which makes understanding the roles of PFN1 in cancer metastasis and other functions more complicated (Table 3).

In yeast, the gene encoding PFN1 is essential for cytokinesis.67 Early studies revealed that PFN1/ embryos died as early as the 2-cell stage, while PFN1/+ embryos displayed reduced survival during embryogenesis compared with wild-type embryos; this indicates that PFN1 is essential for cell division and survival during embryogenesis.68 PFN1 silencing in endothelial cells inhibits proliferation.69 In addition, homozygous deletion of PFN1 in chondrocytes failed to complete abscission at late-stage cytokinesis.70 The results of all these studies imply that PFN1 plays a role in cell proliferation. In breast cancer, PFN1 overexpression (PFN1-OE) has been shown to inhibit cell growth and exert an inhibitory effect on tumorigenesis,25,40,52,71-75 and PFN1-OE suppresses the activation of AKT, which in turn inhibits the growth of tumor cells.71 PFN1-OE cells arrested at the G1 phase, which was partly attributed to the upregulation of P27kip1.72 miRNA-182 could downregulate PFN1 expression and promote triple-negative breast cancer cell proliferation.52 However, Yap et al put forward opposite views. The authors research results revealed that silencing PFN1 resulted in a multinucleation phenotype of breast cancer cells, thus inhibiting proliferation.76 Recent studies from Chakraborty et al also reported that PFN1 knockdown could upregulate SMAD3 and inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer.77 Results of single-cell studies on the extracellular matrix revealed that stiff extracellular matrix led to upregulation of PFN1, possibly promoting the proliferation of breast cancer.78 Apart from breast cancer, PFN1 was also found to suppress proliferation in pancreatic adenocarcinoma,20 endometrial cancer,79 and HCC.23,60 In gastric cancer, silencing PFN1 caused cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase, thus restraining cell proliferation.16 Knockdown of PFN1 could also inhibit the proliferation of laryngeal cancer.18 Our previous studies found that overexpression of PFN1 could promote the proliferation of multiple myeloma cells by accelerating the cell cycle from G1 to S phase.80 PFN1 is indispensable for cytokinesis. Nevertheless, PFN1 is involved in regulating cell proliferation not only by impacting cytokinesis but also by modulating cell cyclerelated proteins. Otherwise, PFN1 could also interact with cell signaling pathways and indirectly influence cell proliferation.

Tumor growth is not only about uncontrolled proliferation but also resistance to apoptosis.81 Actin dynamics have notable impacts on multiple stages of apoptosis.82 PFN1, as a critical actin-binding protein, is an indispensable regulator of actin dynamics, through which PFN1 participates in regulating apoptosis. PFN1 overexpression could upregulate the most common tumor-associated hotspot mutation of p53p53R273Hthus sensitizing cancer cells to apoptosis via the intrinsic apoptotic pathway.83 PFN1 has been shown to facilitate apoptosis of breast cancer cells, thus exerting a suppressive effect on tumorigenesis.73,75,83,84 By inducing apoptosis and reducing autophagy, PFN1 has also been shown to sensitize pancreatic cancer cells to irradiation. Additionally, overexpression of PFN1 can significantly elevate apoptotic markers such as cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP after irradiation, suggesting that PFN1 can modulate radiosensitivity partly by regulating apoptosis.85

Given that PFN1 is involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis, it is not difficult to understand its roles in the drug resistance of tumor cells. PFN1 was found to be downregulated in butyrate-treated CRC cells,86 and proteomics studies revealed that PFN1 was differentially expressed in erinacine Atreated CRC cells,87 which suggested the roles of PFN1 in drug-mediated cell death and inhibition of proliferation. In addition, proteomics showed that PFN1 was differentially expressed in mitotane-treated adrenocortical carcinoma,88 and PFN1 was found to be increased in tocotrienol-treated MDA-MB-231 cells,89 indicating its roles in predicting the response to anticancer therapies. Compared with temozolomide (TMZ)-treated glioblastoma cells, PFN1 was downregulated in OKN-007 combined with TMZ-treated glioblastoma cells. Further study results revealed that PFN1 is involved in TMZ resistance.90 Results of our previous studies showed that PFN1 could interact with the Beclin 1 complex and participate in bortezomib resistance in multiple myeloma.80 Since PFN1 is involved in multiple cell processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, and proteomics, it was recognized as a biomarker for therapy sensitivity, and it is worth further exploring its roles in drug resistance. In addition, PFN1 was found to participate in angiogenesis,91-92 initiation of tumors,93 and autophagy.80 Loss of PFN1 in A549 cell lines resulted in fewer early apoptotic cells after treatment with piperlongumine, and PFN1 sensitized A549 cells to anticancer agents.17 PFN1 serves as a bridge for actin-cytoskeleton and cell signaling pathways and is involved in multiple biological and physiological processes. Dysregulation of PFN1 in cancer cells has a notable impact on sensitivity to chemotherapy or radiotherapy and may be a new target for the treatment of drug-resistant or radioresistant patients.

Studies have already confirmed that PFN1 is essential for cell survival in early embryos, as PFN1-KN could induce Drosophila embryos to die at the 2-cell stage.94 For further investigation of PFN1s roles in tissue-specific stem cells, Zheng et al established PFN1flox/flox mice that inducibly delete PFN1 in HSCs. Results showed that PFN1 was essential for the retention and metabolism of mouse hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow partially through the axis of PFN1/G13/EGR1.95 These study results implied important roles of PFN1 in stem cell function, which were still unclear and deserved further research. Later study results have found that both overexpression and depletion of PFN1 could reduce the stem-like phenotype of MDA-MB-231 (MDA-231) triple-negative breast cancer cells, suggesting that a balanced expression of PFN1 was required for maintenance of optimal stemness and tumor-initiating ability of breast cancer cells.93 Considering that tumor heterogeneity is still an ongoing challenge for cancer treatment and that cancer stem cells (CSC) are considered to be a determining factor of tumor heterogeneity,96 intensive studies on PFN1s roles in CSC may provide us new insight into tumor initiation.

As mentioned above, PFN1 has been shown to be a critical participator of actin dynamics and to play important roles in cell migration. For cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), migration abilities are essential for patrolling tissues and locating targeted cells.97-98 Schoppmeyer et al thus studied PFN1s roles in CTL functions. The authors found that PFN1 negatively regulated CTL-mediated elimination of target cells and that PFN1 downregulation promoted CTL invasion into a 3D matrix in vitro. In patients with pancreatic cancer, PFN1 expression was substantially decreased in peripheral CD8+ T cells.99 However, considering the complexity of immune responses in vivo, the exact roles of PFN1 in tumor immunity remain unclear and need to be further explored.

Based on previous studies, we found that PFN1participates in multiple biological processes of tumor development and progression. Meanwhile, it is noteworthy that PFN1 plays opposite roles in different tumors and at different periods of tumor, potentially leading to the conclusion that PFN1s function in tumor has spatial and temporal specificity. Future studies on PFN1 should take this into account. PFN1 was shown to be of great significance for diagnosis and prognosis prediction and for monitoring the therapeutic effect of anticancer drugs, and PFN1s roles in tumor stemness and immunity may provide a new avenue for cancer therapy. Although much research has been done on PFN1 and cancer, puzzles still need to be solved. With deepening research, the function of PFN1 in cancer would be further clarified and its clinical value would be more prominent.

Financial Disclosure: The authors have no significant financial interest in or other relationship with the manufacturer of any product or provider of any service mentioned in this article.

Conflicts of Interest: Authors declare no conflicts of interest for this article.

Acknowledgment: The authors are thankful for financial support from the Doctoral Fund Project of Hunan Provincial Peoples Hospital (program number BSJJ201812).

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58. Gau D, Ding ZJ, Baty C, Roy P. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based detection of profilinVASP interaction. Cell Mol Bioeng. 2011;4(1):1-8. doi:10.1007/s12195-010-0133-z

59. Joy ME, Vollmer LL, Hulkower K, et al. A high-content, multiplexed screen in human breast cancer cells identifies profilin-1 inducers with anti-migratory activities. PLoS One. 2014;9(2):e88350.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0088350

60. Wu N, Zhang W, Yang Y, et al. Profilin 1 obtained by proteomic analysis in all-trans retinoic acidtreated hepatocarcinoma cell lines is involved in inhibition of cell proliferation and migration. Proteomics.2006;6(22):6095-6106. doi:10.1002/pmic.200500321

61. Pear Fonovi U, Jevnikar Z, Rojnik M, et al. Profilin 1 as a target for cathepsin X activity in tumor cells. PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e53918. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0053918

62. Huang Y, Sun H, Ma X, et al. HLA-F-AS1/miR-330-3p/PFN1 axis promotes colorectal cancer progression. Life Sci. 2019;254:117180. doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117180

63. Bai N, Ma Y, Zhao J, Li B. Knockdown of lncRNA HCP5 suppresses the progression of colorectal cancer by miR-299-3p/PFN1/AKT axis. Cancer Manag Res. 2020;12:4747-4758. doi:10.2147/CMAR.S255866

64. Rizwani W, Fasim A, Sharma D, Reddy DJ, Bin Omar NAM, Singh SS. S137 phosphorylation of profilin 1 is an important signaling event in breast cancer progression. PLoS One. 2014;9(8):e103868.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103868

65. Ma Y, Li Y-F, Wang T, Pang R, Xue Y-W, Zhao S-P. Identification of proteins associated with lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2014;140(10):1739-1749. doi:10.1007/s00432-014-1679-2

66. Frantzi M, Klimou Z, Makridakis M, et al. Silencing of Profilin-1 suppresses cell adhesion and tumor growth via predicted alterations in integrin and Ca2+ signaling in T24M-based bladder cancer models. Oncotarget.2016;7(43):70750-70758. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.12218

67. Balasubramanian MK, Hirani BR, Burke JD, Gould KL. The Schizosaccharomyces pombe cdc3+ gene encodes a profilin essential for cytokinesis. J Cell Biol. 1994;125(6):1289-1301. doi:10.1083/jcb.125.6.1289

68. Witke W, Sutherland JD, Sharpe A, Arai M, Kwiatkowski DJ. Profilin I is essential for cell survival and cell division in early mouse development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001;98(7):3832-3836.doi:10.1073/pnas.051515498

69. Ding Z, Lambrechts A, Parepally M, Roy P. Silencing profilin-1 inhibits endothelial cell proliferation, migration and cord morphogenesis. J Cell Sci. 2006;119(Pt 19):4127-4137. doi:10.1242/jcs.03178

70. Bttcher RT, Wiesner S, Braun A, et al. Profilin 1 is required for abscission during late cytokinesis of chondrocytes. EMBO J. 2009;28(8):1157-1169. doi:10.1038/emboj.2009.58

More:
Profilin 1 Protein and Its Implications for Cancers - Cancer Network

After closing a merger with GX Acquisition Corp., Celularity Inc., a clinical-stage cellular medicine company, is taking the next step in its evolution to enable further development of novel, off-the-shelf allogeneic placentaderived cellular therapies.1

Celularity aims to transform the way we approach the treatment of cancer and other diseases by harnessing the versatility, unique immune biology, and innate stemness of placental-derived cells, Robert J. Hariri, MD, PhD, found, chairperson, and chief executive officer of Celularity, stated in a press release. We are immensely proud of our clinical development results so far as well as the state-of-the-art manufacturing capabilities we built to support rapid scaling and a competitive cost structure for our placental-derived cell therapeutics. We believe off-the-shelf, allogeneic cell therapies will drive a paradigm shift in how clinicians approach the treatment of cancer and other serious diseases.

CYNK-001, the companys lead product candidate, is the only cryopreserved, allogeneic, off-the-shelf natural killer (NK) cell therapy to be developed from placental hematopoietic stem cells. The agent expresses perforin and granzyme B, has showcased cytotoxic activity against hematological tumors and solid tumor cell lines, and can secrete immunomodulatory cytokines in the presence of tumor cells.

The novel therapy is under investigation as a potential option in multiple myeloma, acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and glioblastoma multiforme; it is also being evaluated in infectious diseases like COVID-19 (NCT04365101).

An ongoing, open-label, multi-dose, phase 1 trial (NCT04310592) is examining the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) or maximum planned dose of CYNK-001 in an estimated 22 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).2 To participate, patients need to have primary or secondary AML and be in first or second morphological clinical response (CR), morphological CR with incomplete hematologic recovery, or a morphologic leukemia-free state per European LeukemiaNet recommendations for AML Response Criteria.

Patients also need to have MRD positivity, be aged between 18 and 80 years old, have an ECOG performance status of 0 to 2, and be able to be off immunosuppressive therapy for at least 3 days before infusion with the therapy. Patients who previously had central nervous system involvement are allowed to enroll if they had been treated and their cerebral spinal fluid is clear for at least 2 weeks before undergoing lymphodepletion.

Exclusion criteria include significant medical conditions, laboratory abnormalities, bi-phenotypic acute leukemia, acute promyelocytic leukemia, unacceptable organ function, autoimmune disease, uncontrolled graft-vs-host disease (GVHD), and GVHD that requires corticosteroids.

Participants are first given cyclophosphamide plus fludarabine. Then, they are administered CYNK-001 at 3 varying dose levels1.8 billion, 3.6 billion, and 5.4 billion CYNK-001 cellson days 0, 7, and 14. The primary objectives of the research include dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), and frequency and severity of adverse effects. Important secondary objectives include the number of patients who convert from MRD-positive to -negative status; time to, and duration of, MRD response; progression-free survival; time to progression; duration of morphologic complete remission; and overall survival.

In June 2021, the study was expanded to include patients with relapsed/refractory AML following a case of conversion to MRD negativity, when the therapy was delivered at its highest dose level.3

The decision to expand the trial followed observations of a patient with NPM-1positive, FLT3-negative AML and good-risk cytogenetics who had been administered 5.4 billion CYNK-001 cells. The patient converted from MRD-positive to -negative status, without experiencing any DLTs.

For this patient, primary induction treatment with 7+3 chemotherapy had failed, and so they had gone on to receive second induction therapy followed by high-dose cytarabine consolidation. At this time point, the patient achieved a complete CR, but MRD was found to be persistent; it did not clear following 4 months of treatment with azacitidine. MRD positivity was confirmed on a marrow biopsy.

The patient went on to enter the phase 1 trial, where they received lymphodepletion, and then received 1.8 billion CYNK-001 cells on days 0, 7, and 14 in the outpatient setting, which totaled to 5.4 billion CYNK-001 cells. On day 28, the patient had converted from MRD positivity to negativity. CYNK-001 cells were present in both the peripheral blood and bone marrow.

Notably, no DLTs have been observed with the therapy at any of the dose levels examined thus far.

The company also shared plans to continue dose escalation with the therapy in the MRD indication up to 9.0 billion CYNK-001 cells. To strengthen the persistence of the treatment, the expansion arms of MRD and relapsed/refractory AML will include an augmented lymphodepletion protocol comprised of cyclophosphamide at 3600 mg and fludarabine at 120 mg over 4 days vs cyclophosphamide at 900 mg plus fludarabine at 75 mg over 3 days.

In April 2021, the FDA granted an orphan drug designation to CYNK-001 as a potential therapeutic option for patients with malignant gliomas.4 As such, the therapy is also under investigation in patients with glioblastoma multiforme as part of another phase 1 trial (NCT04489420).5

To be eligible for enrollment, patients need to have historically confirmed disease at first or second relapse, measurable disease, a Karnofsky performance status of 60 or higher, and acceptable organ function, among other criteria.

Patients who previously received radiation within 12 weeks of their screening MRI; those who were on growth factors with less than 4 weeks of a washout period; those treated with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or other investigational drugs within 4 weeks; those who received prior cellular or gene therapy; and those with active autoimmune disease, were excluded.

Cohort 1A of the trial will enroll up to 6 patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme who will receive intravenous CYNK-001 at a dose of 1.2 x 109 cells on days 0, 7, and 14. From the initial infusion of therapy, patients will be followed for a 42-day DLT period. No other interventions are planned between the last day of treatment.

If DLTs are experienced, cohort 1C, the de-escalation cohort, will include up to 6 patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme who will receive the therapy at a dose of 600 x 106 cells on days 0, 7, and 14. These patients will also be followed for DLTs for 42 days post infusion. Cohort 1B, the surgical cohort, will also enroll up to 6 patients, who will be given CYNK-001 at a maximum safe dose of either 1.2 x 109 cells or 600 x 106 cells at days 0, 7, and 14. Patients in this cohort will undergo resection following the last dose of the therapy in the DLT period.

Treatment of cohorts 2A or 2C will only begin after the safety data from cohorts 1A or 1C are determined to be acceptable. Here, patients will first have the Ommaya catheter placement in accordance with institutional policy within 1 week before CYNK-001 infusion on day 0. Cohort 2A will enroll up to 6 patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme who will be given the therapy at a dose of 200 x 106 cells +/- 50 x 106 cells intratumorally on day 0, 7, and 14.

Cohort 2C will also include up to 6 patients with recurrent disease who will receive the product at a dose of 200 x 106 cells +/- 50 x 106 cells intratumorally on day 0 and day 7. Lastly, cohort 2B, the surgical intratumoral cohort, will include 6 patients with glioblastoma multiforme who will receive the cellular therapy at a maximum safe dose of either 200 x 106 cells +/- 50 x 106 cells on day 0 and 7.

The primary objectives of the trial are to examine the number of patients who report DLTs with the therapy and toxicities. Important secondary objectives are to evaluate the overall response rate, duration of response, progression-free survival, time to progression, and overall survival.

The safety and efficacy of the cell therapy is also being explored in newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma after autologous stem cell transplant, as part of another phase 1 trial (NCT04309084).6 The objective of the program is to achieve durable responses with the therapy in these patients with multiple myeloma who are eligible for transplant in the first-line setting.

Another novel agent in the pipeline is CYNK-101, which is manufactured from NK cells extracted from postpartum placentas. The cells are then genetically engineered to boost cell-killing activity when given with a monoclonal antibody.7 Preclinical data with the product in combination with an antibody showed that the regimen resulted in cell-killing activity when administered to lymphoma cells in vitro.

Additionally, CYNK-CAR products are being developed as allogeneic, off-the-shelf strategies by modifying genes of the human placental hematopoietic stem cellderived NK cells. Several CAR constructs that are designed to target hematologic and solid tumor indications are currently under investigation.

Read more:
Developmental Interest in Allogeneic PlacentaDerived Cell Therapies Expands - OncLive

Imagine being able to reverse blindness, cure multiple sclerosis (MS), or rebuild your heart muscles after a heart attack. For the past few decades, research into stem cells, the building blocks of tissues and organs, has raised the prospect of medical advances of this kind yet it has produced relatively few approved treatments. But that could be about to change, says Robin Ali, professor of human molecular genetics of Kings College London. Just as gene therapy went from being a fantasy with little practical value to becoming a major area of treatment, stem cells are within a few years of reaching the medical mainstream. Whats more, developments in synthetic biology, the process of engineering and re-engineering cells, could make stem cells even more effective.

Stem cells are essentially the bodys raw material: basic cells from which all other cells with particular functions are generated. They are found in various organs and tissues, including the brain, blood, bone marrow and skin. The primary promise of adult stem cells lies in regenerative medicine, says Professor Ali.

Stem cells go through several rounds of division in order to produce specialist cells; a blood stem cell can be used to produce blood cells and skin stem cells can be used to produce skin cells. So in theory you can take adult stem cells from one person and transplant them into another person in order to promote the growth of new cells and tissue.

In practice, however, things have proved more complicated, since the number of stem cells in a persons body is relatively limited and they are hard to access. Scientists were also previously restricted by the fact that adult stem cells could only produce one specific type of cell (so blood stem cells couldnt produce skin cells, for instance).

In their quest for a universal stem cell, some scientists initially focused on stem cells from human embryos, but that remains a controversial method, not only because harvesting stem cells involves destroying the embryo, but also because there is a much higher risk of rejection of embryonic stem cells by the recipients immune system.

The good news is that in 2006 Japanese scientist Shinya Yamanaka of Kyoto University and his team discovered a technique for creating what they call induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). The research, for which they won a Nobel Prize in 2012, showed that you can rewind adult stem cells development process so that they became embryo-like stem cells. These cells can then be repurposed into any type of stem cells. So you could turn skin stem cells into iPSCs, which could in turn be turned into blood stem cells.

This major breakthrough has two main benefits. Firstly, because iPSCs are derived from adults, they dont come with the ethical problems associated with embryonic stem cells. Whats more, the risk of the body rejecting the cells is much lower as they come from another adult or are produced by the patient. In recent years scientists have refined this technique to the extent that we now have a recipe for making all types of cells, as well as a growing ability to multiply the number of stem cells, says Professor Ali.

Having the blueprint for manufacturing stem cells isnt quite enough on its own and several barriers remain, admits Professor Ali. For example, we still need to be able to manufacture large numbers of stem cells at a reasonable cost. Ensuring that the stem cells, once they are in the recipient, carry out their function of making new cells and tissue remains a work in progress. Finally, regulators are currently taking a hard line towards the technology, insisting on exhaustive testing and slowing research down.

The good news, Professor Ali believes, is that all these problems are not insurmountable as scientists get better at re-engineering adult cells (a process known as synthetic biology). The costs of manufacturing large numbers of stem cells are falling and this can only speed up as more companies invest in the area. There are also a finite number of different human antigens (the parts of the immune system that lead a body to reject a cell), so it should be possible to produce a bank of iPSC cells for the most popular antigen types.

While the attitude of regulators is harder to predict, Professor Ali is confident that it needs only one major breakthrough for the entire sector to secure a large amount of research from the top drug and biotech firms. Indeed, he believes that effective applications are likely in the next few years in areas where there are already established transplant procedures, such as blood transfusion, cartilage and corneas. The breakthrough may come in ophthalmology (the treatment of eye disorders) as you only need to stimulate the development of a relatively small number of cells to restore someones eyesight.

In addition to helping the body repair its own tissues and organs by creating new cells, adult stem cells can also indirectly aid regeneration by delivering other molecules and proteins to parts of the body where they are needed, says Ralph Kern, president and chief medical officer of biotechnology company BrainStorm Cell Therapeutics.

For example, BrainStorm has developed NurOwn, a cellular technology using peoples own cells to deliver neurotrophic factors (NTFs), proteins that can promote the repair of tissue in the nervous system. NurOwn works by modifying so-called Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from a persons bone marrow. The re-transplanted mesenchymal stem cells can then deliver higher quantities of NTFs and other repair molecules.

At present BrainStorm is using its stem-cell therapy to focus on diseases of the brain and nervous system, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, also known as Lou Gehrigs disease), MS and Huntingtons disease. The data from a recent final-stage trial suggests that the treatment may be able to halt the progression of ALS in those who have the early stage of the disease. Phase-two trial (the second of three stages of clinical trials) of the technique in MS patients also showed that those who underwent the treatment experienced an improvement in the functioning of their body.

Kern notes that MSCs are a particularly promising area of research. They are considered relatively safe, with few side effects, and can be frozen, which improves efficiency and drastically cuts down the amount of bone marrow that needs to be extracted from each patient.

Because the manufacture of MSC cells has become so efficient, NurOwn can be used to get years of therapy in one blood draw. Whats more, the cells can be reintroduced into patients bodies via a simple lumbar puncture into the spine, which can be done as an outpatient procedure, with no need for an overnight stay in hospital.

Kern emphasises that the rapid progress in our ability to modify cells is opening up new opportunities for using stem cells as a molecular delivery platform. Through taking advantage of the latest advances in the science of cellular therapies, BrainStorm is developing a technique to vary the molecules that its stem cells deliver so they can be more closely targeted to the particular condition being treated. BrainStorm is also trying to use smaller fragments of the modified cells, known as exosomes, in the hope that these can be more easily delivered and absorbed by the body and further improve its ability to avoid immune-system reactions to unrelated donors. One of BrainStorms most interesting projects is to use exosomes to repair the long-term lung damage from Covid-19, a particular problem for those with long Covid-19. Early preclinical trials show that modified exosomes delivered into the lungs of animals led to remarkable improvements in their condition. This included increasing the lungs oxygen capacity, reducing inflammation, and decreasing clotting.

Overall, while Kern admits that you cant say that stem cells are a cure for every condition, there is a lot of evidence that in many specific cases they have the potential to be the best option, with fewer side effects. With Americas Food and Drug Administration recently deciding to approve Biogens Alzheimers drug, Kern thinks that they have become much more open to approving products in diseases that are currently considered untreatable. As a result, he thinks that a significant number of adult stem-cell treatments will be approved within the next five to ten years.

Adult stem cells and synthetic biology arent just useful in treatments, says Dr Mark Kotter, CEO and founder of Bit Bio, a company spun out of Cambridge University. They are also set to revolutionise drug discovery. At present, companies start out by testing large numbers of different drug combinations in animals, before finding one that seems to be most effective. They then start a process of clinical trials with humans to test whether the drug is safe, followed by an analysis to see whether it has any effects.

Not only is this process extremely lengthy, but it is also inefficient, because human and animal biology, while similar in many respects, can differ greatly for many conditions. Many drugs that seem promising in animals end up being rejected when they are used on humans. This leads to a high failure rate. Indeed, when you take the failures into account, it has been estimated that it may cost as much to around $2bn to develop the typical drug.

As a result, pharma companies are now realising that you have to insert the human element at a pre-clinical stage by at least using human tissues, says Kotter. The problem is that until recently such tissues were scarce, since they were only available from biopsies or surgery. However, by using synthetic biology to transform adult stem cells from the skin or other parts of the body into other types of stem cells, researchers can potentially grow their own cells, or even whole tissues, in the laboratory, allowing them to integrate the human element at a much earlier stage.

Kotter has direct experience of this himself. He originally spent several decades studying the brain. However, because he had to rely on animal tissue for much of his research he became frustrated that he was turning into a rat doctor.

And when it came to the brain, the differences between human and rat biology were particularly stark. In fact, some human conditions, such as Alzheimers, dont even naturally appear in rodents, so researchers typically use mice and rats engineered to develop something that looks like Alzheimers. But even this isnt a completely accurate representation of what happens in humans.

As a result of his frustration, Kotter sought a way to create human tissues. It initially took six months. However, his company, Bit Bio, managed to cut costs and greatly accelerate the process. The companys technology now allows it to grow tissues in the laboratory in a matter of days, on an industrial scale. Whats more, the tissues can also be designed not just for particular conditions, such as dementia and Huntingdons disease, but also for particular sub-types of diseases.

Kotter and Bit Bio are currently working with Charles River Laboratories, a global company that has been involved in around 80% of drugs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration over the last three years, to commercialise this product. They have already attracted interest from some of the ten largest drug companies in the world, who believe that it will not only reduce the chances of failure, but also speed up development. Early estimates suggest that the process could double the chance of a successful trial, effectively cutting the cost of each approved drug by around 50% from $2bn to just $1bn. This in turn could increase the number of successful drugs on the market.

Two years ago my colleague Dr Mike Tubbs tipped Fate Therapeutics (Nasdaq: FATE). Since then, the share price has soared by 280%, thanks to growing interest from other drug companies (such as Janssen Biotech and ONO Pharmaceutical) in its cancer treatments involving genetically modified iPSCs.

Fate has no fewer than seven iPSC-derived treatments undergoing trials, with several more in the pre-clinical stage. While it is still losing money, it has over $790m cash on hand, which should be more than enough to support it while it develops its drugs.

As mentioned in the main story, the American-Israeli biotechnology company BrainStorm Cell Therapeutics (Nasdaq: BCLI) is developing treatments that aim to use stem cells as a delivery mechanism for proteins. While the phase-three trial (the final stage of clinical trials) of its proprietary NurOwn system for treatment of Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, or Lou Gehrigs disease) did not fully succeed, promising results for those in the early stages of the disease mean that the company is thinking about running a new trial aimed at those patients. It also has an ongoing phase-two trial for those with MS, a phase-one trial in Alzheimers patients, as well as various preclinical programmes aimed at Parkinsons, Huntingtons, autistic spectrum disorder and peripheral nerve injury. Like Fate Therapeutics, BrainStorm is currently unprofitable.

Australian biotechnology company Mesoblast (Nasdaq: MESO) takes mesenchymal stem cells from the patient and modifies them so that they can absorb proteins that promote tissue repair and regeneration. At present Mesoblast is working with larger drug and biotech companies, including Novartis, to develop this technique for conditions ranging from heart disease to Covid-19. Several of these projects are close to being completed.

While the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) controversially rejected Mesoblasts treatment remestemcel-L for use in children who have suffered from reactions to bone-marrow transplants against the advice of the Food and Drug Administrations own advisory committee the firm is confident that the FDA will eventually change its mind.

One stem-cell company that has already reached profitability is Vericel (Nasdaq: VCEL). Vericels flagship MACI products use adult stem cells taken from the patient to grow replacement cartilage, which can then be re-transplanted into the patient, speeding up their recovery from knee injuries. It has also developed a skin replacement based on skin stem cells.

While earnings remain relatively small, Vericel expects profitability to soar fivefold over the next year alone as the company starts to benefit from economies of scale and runs further trials to expand the range of patients who can benefit.

British micro-cap biotech ReNeuron (Aim: RENE) is developing adult stem-cell treatments for several conditions. It is currently carrying out clinical trials for patients with retinal degeneration and those recovering from the effects of having a stroke. ReNeuron has also developed its own induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) platform for research purposes and is seeking collaborations with other drug and biotech companies.

Like other small biotech firms in this area, it is not making any money, so it is an extremely risky investment although the rewards could be huge if any of its treatments show positive results from their clinical trials.

Read more from the original source:
Investing in stem cells, the building blocks of the body - MoneyWeek

Corning HYPERStack 36-layer and 12-layer cell culture vessels

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are used frequently for cell therapy applications. As multipotent cells, they can differentiate into other lineages such as adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes. Additionally, they are known to secrete trophic factors that can play important roles in immunoregulation. Although MSCs can be isolated from several different tissue sources, those derived from bone marrow commonly are studied because they are easy to access in quantities large enough for therapeutic dosing (2 106 cells/kg of body weight). Still, that equates to 140 million cells for a 150-pound individual. And the process of expanding MSCs to achieve such quantities can introduce risks for heterogeneity-induced quality failures. Chances of clinical success can improve with a manufacturing process that maintains a homogeneous MSC population after expansion to meet required critical quality attributes (CQAs).

Once cells are scaled up, they need to be cryopreserved for stability and transport. Cryoprotectants such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) often are added to freezing media to reduce ice formation and increase cell survival after thawing. However, because DMSO can be cytotoxic, its final concentration in a drug product must be minimized. Tools from Corning Life Sciences can help scientists and drug developers meet growing demand for bone-marrowderived MSC therapies.

Figure 1:Expansion of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in a Corning HYPERStack-36 vessel; MSC densities ranging from 4.4 104 to 5.2 104 cells/cm2 were achieved after five days of culture. Across three studies, total MSC yield averaged 8.7 108 cells per HYPERStack-36 vessel, with >90% average MSC viability.

Mesenchymal Cell Scale-UpMSCs are adherent cells that are sensitive to manufacturing process changes. That sensitivity can complicate scale-up to large quantities. When cultured under suboptimal conditions, MSCs can lose their multipotency. Corning HYPERStack 36-layer cell culture vessels offer a solution. A HYPERStack unit uses proprietary technology to provide a large surface area in a compact footprint. That technology relies on an ultrathin, gas-permeable film to facilitate gas exchange in each layer of the vessel. Each HYPERStack module comprises 12 individual chambers featuring Corning CellBIND surface treatment for optimal cell attachment. One module provides 6,000 cm2 of surface area; three modules can connect to form a HYPERStack 36-layer vessel, totaling 18,000 cm2 of growth surface area.

When human bone-marrowderived MSCs are cultured in a HYPERStack 36-layer vessel, yields of >800 million viable cells can be achieved (Figure 1). Harvested cells show high viability and expression of markers demonstrating MSC multipotency (Figure 2). Such results show that large-scale expansion of MSCs in a HYPERStack vessel generates a homogeneous population of cells that maintain necessary CQAs.

Figure 2: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) recovered from a Corning HYPERStack 36-layer cell culture vessels show >99% expression of CD90, CD105, and CD73 markers while expressing <0.5% of differentiation markers (CD45, CD34, CD11b, CD19, and HLA-DR).

Corning cryopreservation bags remain flexible at ultralow temperatures(e.g., 196 C).

Large-Scale CryopreservationCryopreservation of large quantities of cells has become an important strategy for simplifying cell therapy workflows because it increases product shelf life, allows time for quality testing, and lengthens the period of potential administration. Cryopreservation bags are designed for single-use storage, preservation, and transfer of large volumes of cells. Cornings cryopreservation bags are novel bag-film containers that can remain flexible at ultralow temperatures (196 C) because they are made from a proprietary polyolefinethyl vinyl acetate blend. Corning produces the bags in four sizes covering fill volumes between 20 mL and 190 mL, with demonstrated performance for storage of bone-marrowderived MSCs.

The Corning X-WASH system performs DMSO removal in a closed, sterile format.

DMSO RemovalDMSO can serve as a cryoprotectant for a wide range of cell types. It often accounts for 510% of a freezing solution to reduce ice formation and maintain cell viability. But because of its cytotoxic effects, DMSO must be removed as much as possible from a final cell therapy product. That can be accomplished by centrifugation and buffer exchange.

The Corning X-WASH system can perform those steps in sterile, closed conditions (Figure 3). The X-WASH system also uses highly sensitive infrared sensors and software to transfer process data from the X-WASH control module to a database. That feature supports good manufacturing practice (GMP) data processing, monitoring, and reporting. Ultimately, the X-WASH system is designed to wash, resuspend, and condense cell suspensions without compromising product quality.

Corning has used the X-WASH system to reduce the DMSO concentration from a bone-marrowderived MSC product. About 70 million human MSCs were processed into Corning cryopreservation bags containing 10 mL of a 90% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 10% DMSO solution. MSCs were thawed into 200 mL of phosphate-buffered saline containing 2% human serum albumin and 5% glucose. Cells were added to X-WASH cartridges for processing, then analyzed for recovery (Figure 4), viability (Figure 5), and multipotency (Figure 6). Ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) was used to quantify DMSO reduction. UPLC analysis showed that 200-mL dilution followed by a 200-mL wash in an X-WASH system reduced the final DMSO concentration by at least40 fold.

Figure 3:Corning X-WASH system workflow to remove dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)

Figure 4:Recovery of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) after washing with a Corning X-WASH system; the bars below represent MSC density, and cell viability levels are represented as dots.

Considerations for Closed Systems and Custom MediaClosed-system cell-culture products help reduce contamination risks during drug development and manufacturing. Thus, they should be considered when planning for cell-culture operations. Ordering multiple components and assembling tubing sets in house can add complexity and time to cell therapy processes. To aid in the development of such processes, Corning offers preassembled closed systems and aseptic-transfer caps that are compatible with many Corning cell culture vessels.

Figure 5:Human MSC multipotency as represented by average marker expression after processing with a Corning X-WASH system (with standard deviation, n = 3)

Corning closed-system solutions arrive at your facility sterile and ready to use. They mitigate contamination risks, reduce the time and expense of sourcing and assembly, and improve overall productivity. Moreover, Cornings extensive library of fully validated filters, connectors, tubing, and clamps enables customized design of a closed-system solution for a specific application.

In cell-based therapies, cultured cells are the final product, requiring different manufacturing processes from those used for conventional biologics production. Major considerations in cell therapy scale-up include culture vessels and media as well as cells themselves. Inadequate attention to culture equipment and raw materials not only can diminish a therapys efficacy, but also can result in regulatory challenges that might delay a candidates progress through development. Because culture media are linked to cell growth and productivity, they rank among the most critical aspects of process development during scale-up.

Figure 6:Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) concentration in final product after 200-mL dilution followed by 200-mL wash in a Corning X-WASH system (data from three independent runs)

Although off-the-shelf media can provide fast and efficient solutions during early stages, they can have trouble meeting specific scale-up conditions later on. Moving from small-scale, small-volume, static cultures into large-scale, large-volume vessels can trigger a host of additional requirements that cannot be addressed easily using an off-the-shelf solution. Customization by a media manufacturer is an attractive solution to concerns associated with large production scales, including media stability, packaging, handling, and storage. Custom media solutions also help to derisk processing. Cornings high-quality custom development and manufacturing services can produce tailored media and reagents to meet cell therapy production needs.

Simplifying Cell Therapy WorkflowsAddressing the growing demand for cell-based therapies requires optimization of scale-up, cryopreservation, and DMSO removal. With some human MSC therapies requiring as many as one billion cells per dose, cell therapy companies need efficient ways to scale up production of homogeneous MSCs that meet CQAs. Additionally, large quantities of MSCs will need to be cryopreserved to simplify cell therapy workflows. Before product administration, DMSO and other reagents used during the manufacturing process will need to be reduced. Corning offers solutions to simplify the complete range of cell therapy workflows.

Hilary Sherman is senior scientist, and Chris Suarez is field applications manager at Corning Life Sciences, 836 North Street, Tewksbury, MA 01876; ScientificSupport@Corning.com; 1-800-492-1110.

CellBIND, HYPERStack, and X-WASH all are registered trademarks of Corning Incorporated.

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Cell Therapy Workflows Using Corning HYPERStack: MSC Production - BioProcess Insider

The research report presents a comprehensive assessment of the Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells (BMSCS) Market and contains thoughtful insights, facts, historical data, and statistically supported and industry-validated market data. Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells (BMSCS) with 100+ market data Tables, Pie Chat, Graphs & Figures spread through Pages and easy to understand detailed analysis. Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells (BMSCS) market future, competitive analysis by Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells (BMSCS) Market Players, Deployment Models, Opportunities, Future Roadmap, Value Chain, Major Player Profiles.

Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells (BMSCS) market report records and concentrates the main rivals likewise furnishes the bits of knowledge with vital industry Analysis of the key elements impacting the market. Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells (BMSCS) Market Report contains revenue numbers, product details, and sales of the major firms. Additionally, it provides a breakdown of the revenue for the global Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells (BMSCS) market. The report contains basic, secondary and advanced information pertaining to the Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells (BMSCS) Market global status and Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells (BMSCS) market size, share, growth, trends analysis, segment and forecast.

Bone marrow-derivedstem cells(BMSCS) market is expected to gain market growth in the forecast period of 2020 to 2027. Data Bridge Market Research analyses the market to growing at a CAGR of 10.4% in the above-mentioned forecast period. Increasing awareness regarding the benefits associates with the preservation of bone marrow derived stem cells will boost the growth of the market.

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Market Report Scope:

Countries and Geographies: The geographical regions data will help you in targeting all the best-performing regions. The section covers: (North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific) and the main countries (United States, Germany, united Kingdom, Japan, South Korea and China)

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The Objectives of the Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells (BMSCS) Market Report:

Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells (BMSCS) Market competition by top manufacturers/players, with sales volume, Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (Million USD) and market share for each manufacturer/player; the top players including:

CBR Systems, Inc, Cordlife Sciences India Pvt. Ltd., Cryo-Cell International, Inc.ESPERITE N.V., LifeCell International Pvt. Ltd., StemCyte India Therapeutics Pvt. Ltd, PerkinElmer Inc, Global Cord Blood Corporation., Smart Cells International Ltd., Vita 34 among other domestic and global players. .

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Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells (BMSCS) Market Global Briefing and Future Outlook 2020 to 2027 The Courier - The Courier

The Global Rheumatoid Arthritis Stem Cell Therapy Market Research Report 2020-2026, offers an in-depth evaluation of each crucial aspect of the Global Rheumatoid Arthritis Stem Cell Therapy industry that relates to market size, share, revenue, demand, sales volume, and development in the market. The report analyzes the Rheumatoid Arthritis Stem Cell Therapy market related to the time period, historical pricing structure, and volume trends that make it easy to predict growth momentum and precisely estimate forthcoming opportunities in the Rheumatoid Arthritis Stem Cell Therapy Market. The report explores the current outlook in global and key regions (North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and Latin America) from the perspective of players, countries (U.S., Canada, Germany, France, U.K., Italy, Russia, China, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Southeast Asia, Mexico, and Brazil, etc.), product types, and end use segments. This report provides the COVID-19 (Corona Virus) impact analysis (historic and present) in major regions and countries, also provides a futuristic analysis considering COVID-19.

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Global Major Players in Rheumatoid Arthritis Stem Cell Therapy Market are:Mesoblast, Roslin Cells, Regeneus, ReNeuron Group, International Stem Cell Corporation, Takeda, and Others.

Most important types of Rheumatoid Arthritis Stem Cell Therapy covered in this report are:Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem CellsBone Marrow TransplantAdipose Tissue Stem CellsOthers

Most widely used downstream fields of Rheumatoid Arthritis Stem Cell Therapy market covered in this report are:HospitalsAmbulatory Surgical CentersSpecialty ClinicsOther

Influence of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Stem Cell Therapy Market report:Comprehensive assessment of all opportunities and risks in the Rheumatoid Arthritis Stem Cell Therapy Market.Rheumatoid Arthritis Stem Cell Therapy Market recent innovations and major events.A detailed study of business strategies for the growth of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Stem Cell Therapy Market market-leading players.Conclusive study about the growth plot of Rheumatoid Arthritis Stem Cell Therapy Market for forthcoming years.In-depth understanding of Rheumatoid Arthritis Stem Cell Therapy Market, market-particular drivers, constraints, and major micro markets.Favorable impression inside vital technological and market latest trends striking the Rheumatoid Arthritis Stem Cell Therapy Market.

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What are the market factors that are explained in the report?

-Key Strategic Developments: The study also includes the key strategic developments of the market, comprising R&D, new product launch, M&A, agreements, collaborations, partnerships, joint ventures, and regional growth of the leading competitors operating in the market on a global and regional scale.

-Key Market Features: The report evaluated key market features, including revenue, price, capacity, capacity utilization rate, gross, production, production rate, consumption, import/export, supply/demand, cost, market share, CAGR, and gross margin. In addition, the study offers a comprehensive study of the key market dynamics and their latest trends, along with pertinent market segments and sub-segments.

-Analytical Tools: The Global Rheumatoid Arthritis Stem Cell Therapy Market report includes the accurately studied and assessed data of the key industry players and their scope in the market by means of a number of analytical tools. The analytical tools such as Porters five forces analysis, SWOT analysis, feasibility study, and investment return analysis have been used to analyze the growth of the key players operating in the market.

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Rheumatoid Arthritis Stem Cell Therapy Market Size, Status and Precise Outlook During 2020 to 2026 The Manomet Current - The Manomet Current

Editor's note: Find the latest COVID-19 news and guidance in Medscape's Coronavirus Resource Center.

Patients with blood cancers are particularly vulnerable to COVID-19, and there has been concern that such patients mount poor responses to COVID vaccination.

Perhaps surprising, then, is a new study showing good responses in a subgroup of these patients who underwent intensive treatment with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) or chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy

These patients had relatively good responses to COVID-19 vaccination with the mRNA vaccine, with overall cellular and humoral responses that were near to or over 80%.

"I was actually surprised by the fact patients who underwent allogeneic HCT and are currently treated with immunosuppression medications had a such high response to the vaccine," first author Ron Ram, MD, director of the Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Hematology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel, told Medscape Medical News.

"In other seasonal vaccines, we usually see much lower responses," he noted. "The problem is that we are not sure how long this response lasts, and this should be further investigated."

The results show that among immunocompromised patients, "the vaccine is safe and efficacious," he concluded.

However, "5% of patients developed transient severe low counts and graft-vs-host disease [GVHD] exacerbation. Therefore, close monitoring of these patients is mandatory.

"COVID-19 is a very dangerous infection to our allogeneic and CAR-T patients, and all patients should be vaccinated as soon as possible," he added.

The study was presented at the European Hematology Association (EHA) 2021 Annual Meeting. It involved 79 eligible patients who received hematopoietic cell transplant (n = 66) and CAR T-cell therapy (n = 14) at the Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center.

The patients in the study were being treated for acute myeloid leukemia (46%), myelodysplastic syndromes (9%), acute lymphocytic leukemia (10%), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (15%); and others.

All patients were vaccinated with the Pfizer/BioNTech BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine, which yielded a protection rate of 94.6% in a phase 3 study in healthy patients and is recommended for immunosuppressed patients.

The median age of the patients was 65 years, and the median time from infusion of cells to vaccination was 32 months in the allogeneic HCT group and 9 months in the CAR T-cell therapy group.

Of the allogeneic HCT patients, 62% had active chronic GVHD, and 58% were receiving immune suppressive therapy, mostly calcineurin inhibitors.

In addition, 11% of the patients overall had complete B-cell aplasia.

An evaluation of humoral immune responses to the vaccines at 7 to 14 days after the second vaccine dose, as determined on the basis of serology, showed that 82% of those in the allogeneic HCT group developed immunogenicity. However, the humoral response rate was only 36% in the CAR T-cell group.

When including the results cellular responses, assessed with the ELISpot assay, the tables were nearly turned, with the antibody titer response rate of 46% in the allogeneic HCT group and 79% in the CAR T-cell group.

Combined, the overall antibody responses were 86% of allogeneic HCT patients and 79% of CAR T-cell patients, Ram reported.

A multivariate analysis showed that factors associated with a positive humoral response included increased amount of time from the infusion of cells (P = .032), female sex (P = .028), and a higher number of CD19-positive cells (P = .047).

Age, active GVHD, and the intensity of concomitant immunosuppressive therapy were not predictive of results.

Ram noted that higher numbers of CD19-positive cells and CD4 cells were predictive of positive ELISpot cellular response (P = 0.49 and P = .041, respectively).

Two patients developed SARS-CoV-2 infection after receiving the first dose of the vaccine, although they did not require hospitalization. After fully recovering, both patients received a second dose.

The vaccine was well tolerated among patients in general. Side effects were similar to those observed in the nontransplant population.

Of the patients overall, 5% experienced GVHD exacerbation after each vaccine dose.

A low blood count was observed in about 10% of patients; in 5%, the cytopenia was severe.

Adverse events that were of grade 3 or higher occurred in 4.6% and 7% of the two groups, respectively. Although the adverse events resolved quickly in most cases, one secondary graft rejection occurred; that case is being investigated.

The European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) recommends vaccination starting at least 3 months after allogeneic HCT, and Ram said the recommendation "makes sense."

"We did see a nice response in the allogeneic HCT patients 3 months after the transplant," he said.

Exceptions were patients receiving anti-CD19 therapy in the CAR T-cell group and those with B-cell aplasia. "Those patients did not respond well to the vaccine, so this is something to take into consideration," Ram said.

"We certainly need more data about durability of the vaccine and methods in patients who do not have sufficient response to the vaccine."

The EBMT's recommendation on the timing of vaccination is endorsed by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, which recommends that COVID-19 vaccination be delayed for at least 3 months for patients with allogeneic HCT or those undergoing CAR-T therapy.

In commenting on the study during a press conference, Elizabeth Macintyre, MD, said the new findings were encouraging.

"It's very precious to see consensus recommendations regarding who should be vaccinated and when, and the end result seems to be that it's better to be vaccinated than not," she said.

In a separate talk at the meeting, Evangelos Terpos, MD, PhD, reported finding lower response rates to COVID-19 vaccination among older patients with hematologic malignancies in general, consistent with findings from other studies.

Reporting on responses up to day 50 post vaccination among 48 patients with multiple myeloma (median age, 83 years), 40% of patients did not achieve antibody titers above the level of 30% considered to represent positivity.

Among the 49% who did achieve antibody responses above levels of 50%, representing clinically relevant inhibition, the treatment factors that were associated with the higher response included treatment with lenalidomide. Treatment with daratumumab or anti-BCMA conjugates was associated with very low antibody responses.

He noted other research of 58 older patients with Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia or other low-grade lymphomas showed similarly low responses, particularly among those receiving anti-CD20 treatment, compared with healthy individuals.

"We found that patients with hematological malignancies or solid tumors have lower responses [to the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine], especially those under immunotherapy or targeted therapies, including anti-CD20, anti-CD38, anti-BCMA, Bruton kinase inhibitors, PDL-1 or PD-1 inhibitors," said Terpos, a professor of hematology at the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece.

Ram has disclosed no relevant financial relationships. Terpos has relationships with Janssen, Genesis/Celgene, Amgen, Novartis, Sanofi, and Takeda.

European Hematology Association (EHA) 2021 Annual Meeting: Abstract S285. Presented June 11, 2021.

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Good Response to COVID-19 Vaccine After HSCT and CAR T-cell Tx Medscape - Medscape

Data Bridge Market Research has recently added a concise research on theGlobal Stem Cell Manufacturing Market to depict valuable insights related to significant market trends driving the industry. The report features analysis based on key opportunities and challenges confronted by market leaders while highlighting their competitive setting and corporate strategies for the estimated timeline. The development plans, market risks, opportunities and development threats are explained in detail. The CAGR value, technological development, new product launches and Industry competitive structure is elaborated. As per study key players of this market are Thermo Fisher Scientific. Merck Group, Becton, Dickinson and Company. Holostem Advanced Therapies, JCR Pharmaceuticals, Organogenesis Inc and more.

The Global Stem Cell manufacturing Market is expected to gain market growth in the forecast period of 2020 to 2027. Data Bridge Market Research analyses the market to account to USD 18.59 billion by 2027 growing at a CAGR of 6.42% in the above-mentioned forecast period. The growing awareness towards diseases like cancer, hematopoietic disorders and degenerative disorders is going to drive the growth of the stem cell manufacturing market.

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Global Stem Cell Manufacturing Market, By Product (Stem Cell Line, Instruments, Culture Media, Consumables), Application (Research Applications, Clinical Applications, Cell and Tissue Banking), End Users (Hospitals and Surgical Centers, Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Companies, Clinics, Community Healthcare, Others), Country (U.S., Canada, Mexico, Germany, Italy, U.K., France, Spain, Netherland, Belgium, Switzerland, Turkey, Russia, Rest of Europe, Japan, China, India, South Korea, Australia, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines, Rest of Asia-Pacific, Brazil, Argentina, Rest of South America, South Africa, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, Israel, Rest of Middle East & Africa) Industry Trends and Forecast to 2027

Healthcare Infrastructure growth Installed base and New Technology Penetration

Stem cell manufacturing market also provides you with detailed market analysis for every country growth in healthcare expenditure for capital equipment, installed base of different kind of products for stem cell manufacturing market, impact of technology using life line curves and changes in healthcare regulatory scenarios and their impact on the stem cell manufacturing market. The data is available for historic period 2010 to 2018.

The Global Stem Cell Manufacturing Market is highly fragmented and the major players have used various strategies such as new product launches, expansions, agreements, joint ventures, partnerships, acquisitions, and others to increase their footprints in this market. The report includes market shares of stem cell manufacturing market for global, Europe, North America, Asia Pacific and South America.

Global Stem Cell Manufacturing Market Scope and Market Size

Stem cell manufacturing market is segmented on the basis of product, application and end users. The growth amongst these segments will help you analyse meagre growth segments in the industries, and provide the users with valuable market overview and market insights to help them in making strategic decisions for identification of core market applications.

Major Market competitors/players:Global Stem Cell manufacturing Market

Some of the major players operating in the stem cell manufacturing market are Thermo Fisher Scientific. Merck Group, Becton, Dickinson and Company. Holostem Advanced Therapies, JCR Pharmaceuticals, Organogenesis Inc, Osiris Therapeutics, Osiris Therapeutics, Vericel Corporation, AbbVie, American CryoStem, AM-Pharma, Anterogen.Co.,Ltd, Astellas Pharma, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Apceth Biopharma, Cellular Dynamics International, Rheacell, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. ViaCyte, VistaGen Therapeutics Inc, Translational Biosciences, GlaxoSmithKline plc, Daiichi Sankyo Company, Limited, among others.

Market Definition:

This market report defines the market trends and forecast the upcoming opportunities and threats of the stem cell manufacturing market in the next 8 years. Stem cell manufacturing is a process of extracting the cells either from bone marrow or peripheral blood cells and culturing the cells in the culture dish containing nutrient media. Stem cells can be isolated from umbilical cord blood, placenta, amniotic sac, amniotic fluid, adipose tissue and menstrual blood. Stem cell manufacturing is used in the cell therapy as well as in gene therapy. Stem cell therapy is under research for many diseases like degenerative diseases and hematopoietic disorders like sickle cell anemia, storage disorders. Now stem cells are also used in making the cell and tissue bank. Some of the cell culture banks are National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition and World Federation for Culture Collections.

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Stem Cell manufacturing Market All-Inclusive Research Report (20212027) : Includes Impact of COVID-19 The Manomet Current - The Manomet Current

Dublin, June 18, 2021 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- The "Global Cell Isolation Market By Product (Consumables and Instruments), By Cell Type (Human Cells and Animal Cells), By Source, By Technique, By Application, By End-User, By Region, Competition Forecast & Opportunities, 2026" report has been added to ResearchAndMarkets.com's offering.

The Global Cell Isolation Market was valued at USD7013.71 million in 2020 and is anticipated to reach USD15529.45 million by 2026 by registering a CAGR of 15.25% until 2026.

Cell isolation is a technique of isolating cells for diagnosis and analysis of a particular type of cell. The market growth can be attributed to the rising demand for drugs, vaccines and other related products, as they are manufactured with the assistance of cell isolation technique. Increasing popularity of precision medicines is also working in the favor of the market growth.

The Global Cell Isolation Market has been segmented into product, cell type, source, technique, application, end-user, company and region. Based on technique, the market is further fragmented into centrifugation-based cell isolation, surface-marker based cell isolation and filtration-based cell isolation, amongst which, centrifugation-based cell isolation segment occupied the largest market share in 2020 as it finds extensive applications in various end-user sectors such as academic institutes, research laboratories, etc.

Based on application, the market is further divided into biomolecule isolation, cancer research, stem cell research, in vitro diagnostics and others. Among these, cancer research and stem cell research are projected to be the lucrative segments of the market in the forecast period. Increase in the research activities by biopharma companies and laboratory is the key factor for the growth of the segments.

Based on regional analysis, Asia-Pacific is expected to grow at the highest CAGR during the forecast period. The high CAGR of the region can be attributed to the relaxation in the stringent rules and regulations laid down by the government for drug development. Another factor that can be held responsible for the fastest growth of the region is the availability of competent researchers and personnel who can carry out cell isolation techniques along with a wide genome pool.

The market players are focusing on research and development activities in order to enhance their product portfolios and strengthen their position across the global market. For instance, the major pharmaceutical companies worldwide are making substantial investments in R&D to introduce new drugs in the market.

Such investments are expected to increase the demand for cell isolation products over the coming years. In addition to this, new product developments help vendors to expand their product portfolio and gain maximum share in the sector. For example, Thermo Scientific's Medifuge is a benchtop centrifuge which is having a unique hybrid rotor as well as an interchangeable swing-out buckets and fixed-angle rotors to facilitate rapid & convenient applications on a single platform.

Moreover, collaborations, mergers & acquisitions and regional expansions are some of the other strategic initiatives taken by major companies for serving the unmet needs of their customers.

Major players operating in the Global Cell Isolation Market include

Years considered for this report:

Objective of the Study:

Key Target Audience:

Report Scope:

Global Cell Isolation Market, By Product:

Global Cell Isolation Market, By Cell Type:

Global Cell Isolation Market, By Source:

Global Cell Isolation Market, By Technique:

Global Cell Isolation Market, By Application:

Global Cell Isolation Market, By End-User:

Global Cell Isolation Market, By Region:

Competitive Landscape

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Global $15.52 Bn Cell Isolation (Human Cells and Animal Cells) - GlobeNewswire

New York, June 01, 2021 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Reportlinker.com announces the release of the report "Stem Cell Market - Growth, Trends, COVID-19 Impact, and Forecasts (2021 - 2026)" - https://www.reportlinker.com/p06079777/?utm_source=GNW According to a 2020 research article published in the scientific journal Aging and Disease (2020), mesenchymal stem cells are a safe and effective approach to the treatment of COVID-19. At least 10 projects have been registered in the official international registry for clinical trials, implicating the use of mesenchymal stem cells to patients with coronavirus pneumonia. However, it is still at an initial stage of study in relation to the market studied.

Stem cells are majorly used in regenerative medicine, especially in the field of dermatology. However, oncology is expected to grow at the highest rate due to a large number of pipeline products present for the treatment of tumors or cancers. With the increase in the number of regenerative medicine centers, the stem cell market is also expected to increase in the future.

One of the richest sources of stem cells is the umbilical cord, which possesses unique qualities and has greater advantages over embryonic stem cells or adult stem cells. There are an increasing number of stem cell banks, which collaborate with hospitals and increase awareness about the storage of cord blood units in families, particularly in the emerging markets. The support is increasing with the rising number of medical communities and government initiatives active in promoting the use of stem cells for the treatment of more than 100 diseases. Currently, there is an increase in the number of clinical trials for testing future treatment possibilities of cord blood. Over 200 National Institutes of Health (NIH)-funded clinical trials with cord blood are currently being conducted in the United States alone.

Key Market TrendsThe Oncology Disorders Segment is Expected to Exhibit the Fastest Growth Rate Over the Forecast Period

The global cancer burden has been increasing, and thus, cancer therapies must be modified according to regional and national priorities. According to the World Cancer Research Fund, in 2018, there were an estimated 18 million cancer cases around the world. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cancer is the second-leading cause of death across the world, with an estimated number of 9.6 million deaths in 2018, accounting for nearly one in six deaths.

Bone marrow transplant or stem cell transplant is a treatment for some types of cancer, like leukemia, multiple myeloma, neuroblastoma, or some types of lymphoma. For cancer treatments, both autologous and allogeneic stem cell transplants are done. Autologous transplants are preferred in the case of leukemias, lymphomas, multiple myeloma, testicular cancer, and neuroblastoma.

The major disadvantage associated with autologous stem cell transplants in cancer therapy is that cancer cells sometimes also get collected, along with stem cells, which may further put it back into the body during the therapy.

In case of allogeneic stem cell transplants, the donor can often be asked to donate more stem cells or even white blood cells, as per the requirement, and stem cells from healthy donors are free of cancer cells. However, the transplanted donor stem cells could die or be destroyed by the patients body before settling in the bone marrow.

Moreover, due to the growing focus of stem cell-based research and the rising demand for novel treatments, several companies, such as Stemline Therapeutics, have been focusing on developing technologies and treatments to attack cancer cells, which may help the market grow. However, owing to the COVID-19 pandemic, the detection and treatment of new cancer cases are impended, which may slightly impact the segment growth in the year.

North America Captured The Largest Market Share and is Expected to Retain its Dominance

North America dominated the overall stem cell market, with the United States contributing to the largest share in the market. The United States and Canada have developed and well-structured healthcare systems. These systems also encourage research and development. The increasing number of cancer cases is providing opportunities for market players. The major market players are focusing on R&D activities to introduce new stem cell therapies in the market.

For instance, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) had stated that the national expenditure on cancer care was expected to reach USD 156 billion by 2020. This factor is expected to boost the growth of the market in the future. In December 2019, the researchers at the National Eye Institute (NEI) launched a clinical trial to test the safety of a novel patient-specific stem cell-based therapy to treat geographic atrophy, the advanced dry form of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of vision loss among people aged 65 years and above.

In addition, the current situation of COVID-19 is another factor driving the growth of the market in the country, as research activities are undergoing for the treatment of COVID-19. Stem cell therapy can also be a promising approach for the treatment of COVID-19 in the future. For instance, on May 6, 2020, Lineage Cell Therapeutics received a grant of USD 5 million from the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (CIRM) to support the use of VAC, Lineages allogeneic dendritic cell therapy for the development of a potential vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19.

Competitive LandscapeThe stem cell market is highly competitive and consists of several major players. In terms of market share, few of the major players currently dominate the market. The presence of major market players, such as Thermo Fisher Scientific (Qiagen NV), Sigma Aldrich (a subsidiary of Merck KGaA), Becton, Dickinson and Company, and Stem Cell Technologies, is in turn, increasing the overall competitive rivalry in the market. The product advancements and improvement in stem cell technology by the major players are also increasing the competitive rivalry.

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The stem cell market was valued at USD 14.7 billion in 2020, and it is expected - GlobeNewswire