Archive for the ‘Cell Therapy’ Category

Shoulder Labral Tear Repair Using Stem Cell Therapy - Orthopedic Surgeon, Dr. Wade McKenna
Board Certified Orthopedic Surgeon, Dr. Wade McKenna explains how Stemnexa stem cell therapy and amniotic tissue product can enhance the healing process for labral tears in the shoulder. For...

By: Riordan-McKenna Institute

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Shoulder Labral Tear Repair Using Stem Cell Therapy - Orthopedic Surgeon, Dr. Wade McKenna - Video

What Makes Riordan-McKenna Institute Different? Stem Cell Therapy for Orthopedics
Dr. McKenna explains how RMI is a unique combination of a world-renowned stem cell scientist (Neil Riordan, PhD) and an experienced orthopedic surgeon to bring patients the best of both worlds...

By: Riordan-McKenna Institute

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What Makes Riordan-McKenna Institute Different? Stem Cell Therapy for Orthopedics - Video

Overcoming Knee Replacement Surgery Faster Using Amniotic Tissue-Enhanced Stem Cell Therapy
Dr. McKenna discusses how the addition of a patient #39;s own bone marrow stem cells combined with AlphaGEMS amniotic tissue product helps patients recover faster from a total knee replacement ...

By: Riordan-McKenna Institute

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Overcoming Knee Replacement Surgery Faster Using Amniotic Tissue-Enhanced Stem Cell Therapy - Video

Stem Cell Therapy in Osteo Arthritis Knee
stem cell india, stem cell therapy india, stem cell in india, stem cell therapy in india, india stem cell, india stem cell therapy, Osteo Arthritis Knee.

By: Stem Cell India

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Stem Cell Therapy in Osteo Arthritis Knee - Video

stem cell therapy helps avoiding knee surgery
Meet John Tucker, he suffered from Osteoarthritis in his knee. Watch our live video to hear John #39;s experience with Stem Cells! RMG is also proud to announce we are offering at 100% Knee Guarantee!

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stem cell therapy helps avoiding knee surgery - Video

Stem cell therapy in AKI Dr Mohamed Kamal
Stem cell therapy in AKI Dr Mohamed Kamal.

By: HusseinSheashaa

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Stem cell therapy in AKI Dr Mohamed Kamal - Video

Stem Cell Therapy for Bone Fractures - Board-Certified Orhopedic Surgeon, Wade McKenna DO
Dr. McKenna discusses how bone fractures, including non-union fractures can be treated non-surgically with a the patient #39;s own bone marrow stem cells augmented with AlphaGEMS amniotic tissue...

By: Riordan-McKenna Institute

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Stem Cell Therapy for Bone Fractures - Board-Certified Orhopedic Surgeon, Wade McKenna DO - Video

Procedure Overview - The STEM CELL ORTHOPEDIC INSTITUTE of Texas
Offering new hope for those in pain, Dr. David Hirsch, D.O., and Dr. John Hall, D. O., of The STEM CELL ORTHOPEDIC INSTITUTE of Texas present an overview of ADULT STEM CELL THERAPY from ...

By: David Hirsch

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Procedure Overview - The STEM CELL ORTHOPEDIC INSTITUTE of Texas - Video

Glen Wysoki at The STEM CELL ORTHOPEDIC INSTITUTE of Texas
Video Testimonial from Glen Wysoki, treated at The STEM CELL THERAPY INSTITUTE of Texas http://stemcellorthopedicinstituteoftexas.com.

By: David Hirsch

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Glen Wysoki at The STEM CELL ORTHOPEDIC INSTITUTE of Texas - Video

Shoulder/Hip torn labrum 2 years and 5 months (respectively) after stem cell therapy by Adelson
Stacy describes her outcome from stem cell therapy by Dr Harry Adelson for treatment of torn labrum of her shoulder and hip. http://www.docereclinics.com.

By: Harry Adelson, N.D.

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Shoulder/Hip torn labrum 2 years and 5 months (respectively) after stem cell therapy by Adelson - Video

THE contemporary age brings a lot of new things that leave people in awe, amazement, and sometimes, in disbelief and disagreement. One thing that the more advanced technology gave birth to is the controversial Stem Cell Therapy (SCT).

According to mayoclinic.org, SCT is the replacement of damaged or diseased stem cells by injecting or infusing healthy stems into your body.

An article from philstar.com also says that SCT replaces or supports ones degenerating tissues and organs. The stem cells used in this technology are capable of developing into different kinds of cells, thus, are also called master cells.

According to bethematch.org, the diseases that are treatable by SCT are leukemia, bone marrow diseases, inherited immune system disorders, and diseases with poorly functioning red blood cells.

SCT is also used as an anti-aging treatment. Some of the prominent Filipinos have used this therapy to maintain their youthful glow and energy.

In the Philippines, clinics offering SCT have sprouted like mushrooms due to its perceived benefits to the patients. In fact, Makati Medical Center has its Cellular Therapeutics Center, equipped with facilities from Germany, USA, and Japan.

In an article from makatimed.net, it was said that the center has an extensive range of services that boast the remarkable efficacy of stem cells.

Dr. Florencio Q. Lucero who started the use of adult SCT in the Philippines in 2006, was quoted in an article from inquirer.net saying that in the Philippines, most of the customers rich businessmen and public officials who are mostly males.

One of them is Manila Mayor Joseph Estrada. He had his SCT at a clinic in Germany called Villa Medica on April 2012. Another article from inquirer.net said that Estrada had 14 shots of blood from the donor animal, the unborn sheep, on his buttocks.

In the same article, Estrada was quoted saying he could sleep better, his knees are working better, and that his skin has shown its glow.

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Animal cells for a younger you

In the new treatment, specialists use a high dose of chemotherapy to knock out the immune system before rebuilding it with stem cells taken from the patients own blood.

Stem cells are so effective because they can become any cell in the body based on their environment.

"Since we started treating patients three years ago, some of the results we have seen have been miraculous," Professor Basil Sharrack, a consultant neurologist at Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, told The Sunday Times.

"This is not a word I would use lightly, but we have seen profound neurological improvements."

During the treatment, the patient's stem cells are harvested and stored. Then doctors use aggressive drugs which are usually given to cancer patients to completely destroy the immune system.

The harvested stem cells are then infused back into the body where they start to grow new red and white blood cells within just two weeks.

Within a month the immune system is back up and running fully and that is when patients begin to notice that they are recovering.

Holly Drewry, 25, of Sheffield, was wheelchair bound after the birth of her daughter Isla, now two.

But she claims the new treatment has transformed her life.

It worked wonders, she said. I remember being in the hospital... after three weeks, I called my mum and said: 'I can stand'. We were all crying.

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'Miracle' stem cell therapy reverses multiple sclerosis

Bengaluru:Feb 27, 2015, DHNS

Two courses of stem cell therapy have helped Ashok Kumar, 59, who suffered from tremors and rigidity due to Parkinsons disease, recover completely, much to the joy of his family. The man was brought inside my cabin in a wheelchair. He was unable to even sit on the chair without support. Today, he walks independently. Stem cell therapy has made it possible for him, said Dr Naseem Sadiq, Director, Plexus Neuro and Stem Cell Research Centre, who began treating Kumar in October, last year.

Previously, medication and surgical procedure were the only treatment option for Parkinsons disease. Medication in the long-term often lacks effectiveness and may cause side effects, while surgery is not always feasible. Lately, stem cell therapy has turned out to be a boon for patients with Parkinsons, Dr Sadiq said.

Kumar is among the few who have benefited from stem cell therapy. However, though the State has been reporting an increase in the number of registered stem cell donors, it is far behind sufficient as the genetic match between donor and recipient could be anywhere between one in 10,000 and one in two million, according to experts.

Speaking to Deccan Herald, Raghu Rajgopal, co-founder, Datri, a registry for stem cell donation, said, The response we get from Karnataka when we conduct stem cell camps is great. We see a lot of people and registering with us.

As many as 6,000 people have registered from the State under the Datri registry. A total of 72,000 people have registered across the country. In Kerala, 11,000 have signed up, the highest so far, he said.

Among the common myths are that by donating stem cells one turns infertile and weak, have increased chances of cancer and also that there would be excess loss of blood, he said.

According to studies, over one lakh people are diagnosed with Leukemia (blood cancer) and other blood disorders every year in India. The Indian Council of Medical Research has predicted that by the end of 2015, Leukemia cases will reach an estimated 1,17,649 and 1,32,574 by 2020. Stem cell therapy is a widely used treatment mechanism for Leukemia.

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Stem cell therapy a boon to Parkinson's patients

Abstract Introduction

Aromatic (ar-) turmerone is a major bioactive compound of the herb Curcuma longa. It has been suggested that ar-turmerone inhibits microglia activation, a property that may be useful in treating neurodegenerative disease. Furthermore, the effects of ar-turmerone on neural stem cells (NSCs) remain to be investigated.

We exposed primary fetal rat NSCs to various concentrations of ar-turmerone. Thereafter, cell proliferation and differentiation potential were assessed. In vivo, nave rats were treated with a single intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of ar-turmerone. Proliferative activity of endogenous NSCs was assessed in vivo, by using noninvasive positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and the tracer [18F]-fluoro-L-thymidine ([18F]FLT), as well as ex vivo.

In vitro, ar-turmerone increased dose-dependently the number of cultured NSCs, because of an increase in NSC proliferation (P<0.01). Proliferation data were supported by qPCR-data for Ki-67 mRNA. In vitro as well as in vivo, ar-turmerone promoted neuronal differentiation of NSCs. In vivo, after i.c.v. injection of ar-turmerone, proliferating NSCs were mobilized from the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the hippocampus of adult rats, as demonstrated by both [18F]FLT-PET and histology (P<0.05).

Both in vitro and in vivo data suggest that ar-turmerone induces NSC proliferation. Ar-turmerone thus constitutes a promising candidate to support regeneration in neurologic disease.

Curcumin and ar-turmerone are the major bioactive compounds of the herb Curcuma longa. Although many studies have demonstrated curcumin to possess antiinflammatory and neuroprotective properties (reviewed by [1]), to date, the effects of ar-turmerone remain to be elucidated. For example, antitumor properties, exerted via the induction of apoptosis [2] and inhibition of tumor cell invasion [3], have been attributed to ar-turmerone. Park et al. [4,5] recently suggested that ar-turmerone also possesses antiinflammatory properties resulting from the blockade of key signaling pathways in microglia. Because microglia activation is a hallmark of neuroinflammation and is associated with various neurologic disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases [6,7] and stroke [8,9], ar-turmerone constitutes a promising therapeutic agent for various neurologic disorders.

The regenerative potential of endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) plays an important role in neurodegenerative disease and stroke. Endogenous NSCs are mobilized by cerebral ischemia [10] as well as by various neurodegenerative diseases [11,12], although their intrinsic regenerative response is insufficient to enable functional recovery. The targeted (that is, pharmacologic) activation of endogenous NSCs has been shown to enhance self-repair and recovery of function in the adult brain in both stroke [13,14] and neurodegeneration [15]. Importantly, NSCs and microglia relevantly interact with each other, thereby affecting their respective functions [16,17].

Thus, with the perspective of ar-turmerone as a therapeutic option in mind, we investigated the effects of ar-turmerone on NSCs in vitro and in vivo.

NSCs were cultured from fetal rat cortex at embryonic day 14.5, as described previously [18]. Cells were expanded as monolayer cultures in serum-free DMEM/F12 medium (Life Technologies, Darmstadt, Germany) with N2 supplement (Gibco, Karlsruhe, Germany) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF2; 10ng/ml; Invitrogen, Karlsruhe, Germany) for 5days and were replated in a 24-well plate at 10,000 cells per cm2. FGF2 was included throughout the experiments.

Ar-turmerone (Fluka, Munich, Germany) was added to cultures at replating at concentrations of 0, 1.56, 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, and 25g/ml. All experiments were performed in triplicate. After 72hours, representative pictures were taken by using an inverted fluorescence phase-contrast microscope (Keyence BZ-9000E). Three images were taken per well, and cells were counted by using the software ImageJ with a threshold of 20 px (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA, Version 1.47k).

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Stem Cell Research & Therapy | Full text | Aromatic ...

Why Stem Cell Therapy?
Dr. Bryn J. Henderson (DO, JD, FACPE, CIME) is visionary physician executive leading RMG. In this amazing education video, he is explaning clearly why patients should choose Stem Cell Therapy...

By: iManifestart

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Why Stem Cell Therapy? - Video

What is Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate (BMAC) in Stem Cell Therapy?
Dr. McKenna explains bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC). BMAC contains stem cells and growth factors that can build blood supply and heal tissue. For more information: http://www.rmiclinic.com...

By: Riordan-McKenna Institute

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What is Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate (BMAC) in Stem Cell Therapy? - Video

Dr Ellis hosts seminar on Stem Cell Therapy Facial Rejuvenation
Dr. Dan Eglinton of Asheville Biologics and Orthopaedics, Dr. Sean Whalen and Dr. Paul Mogannam of Flexogenics and Dr. Laura Ellis of medAge speak about Stem Cell Therapy and skin ...

By: Dr. Laura Ellis

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Dr Ellis hosts seminar on Stem Cell Therapy & Facial Rejuvenation - Video

Hip arthritis 3.5 years after stem cell therapy by Harry Adelson, N.D.
Bobby describes his outcome 3.5 years after stem cell therapy for his arthritic hip by Harry Adelson, N.D. http://www.docereclinics.com.

By: Harry Adelson, N.D.

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Hip arthritis 3.5 years after stem cell therapy by Harry Adelson, N.D. - Video

How about Stem Cell Therapy for LBD, Nova Cells Institute stem cells
Nova Cells Institute makes a difference because we care - like the Bumble Bee - doing the impossible- http://www.novacellsinstitute.com.

By: NCIM

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How about Stem Cell Therapy for LBD, Nova Cells Institute stem cells - Video

Stem Cell Therapy for Erectile Dysfunction - Alvarado Hospital
The first study in the U.S. to determine if stem cell therapy can treat erectile dysfunction. Alvarado Hospital #39;s Drs. Irwin Goldstein and Barry Handler discuss this FDA-approved study and...

By: AlvaradoHospital

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Stem Cell Therapy for Erectile Dysfunction - Alvarado Hospital - Video

Biotechs may be flush with cash, thanks to the ol bullish IPO market and an uptick in venture funding. But startups remainon the lookout for alternative funding models with crowdsourcing front and center.

This makes British biotech startup Cell Therapyparticularly interesting,itjustraised 689,246 or a bit over$1 million to launch a stem cell therapy for heart failure. This is one of the highest life sciences-related crowdfunding efforts topped only by Scanadu, whose handheld consumer diagnostic tool raised $1.6 million in Indiegogo.

Cell Therapy, which was founded by 2007 Nobel Prize winner Martin Evans, raised the funding on thesite Crowdcube exceeding its goal of 250,000 with backing from nearly 300 investors. It ceded a mere 0.39% in equity to the backers thatinclude investment bankers, hedge fund employees and scientists, CEO Ajan Reginald said.

It was very fast and very efficient, Reginaldtold Reuters. We have spent 5 percent of our time on fundraising, which enables me to spend 95 percent of my time on the business.

Crowdfunding is increasingly becoming an option for early stage biotechs that want to sidestep the traditional venture-backed approach. On one hand, its a relatively simple means to raise a large amount of seed capital but on the other, there are many more (potentially irate) investors to answer to when a companys in its nascence.

New York-based Poliwoggs entire premise is on bringing crowdfunding to healthcare with aims to help companies raise fundsfrom accredited investors beyond the seed stage, with rounds ranging from $2 million to $10 million mark.Notably, ithas its own regenerative medicine fund.

Part of the idea here is that people want to invest in the things they care about, but they havent always had the opportunity to invest in them, CEO Greg Simon told MedCity News.Were giving people the opportunity to put their money where their passion is.

Thats all fine and good to have a passion for a cause, but the traditional accredited investor whos enmeshed in a crowdfunding effort may still not understand the intricacies of what it takes to get results or a return in a tricky field like regenerative medicine.

John Carroll over atFierce Biotechopined that crowdfunding wont make a significant dent in the approach to life sciences crowdfunding. Stem cell therapy, after all, generated tons of media pomp and flair a decade ago, but has yet to deliver on many of its curative promises from back then. VCs are often burnt and reticent, and investors on crowdfunding sites will likely be, as well. Carroll says:

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Cell Therapy may have just raised $1M, but will crowdfunding have a lasting place in biotech?

Published 04 February 2015

International Stem Cell, a California-based biotechnology company developing novel stem cell-based therapies and biomedical products, announced that the company has completed manufacturing of the cell bank of clinical-grade human neural stem cells using its patented process for the recently announced phase 1/2a clinical trial in Parkinson's disease.

The cell bank contains over 2.6 billion human cells, sufficient to meet the company's foreseeable clinical trial requirements.

"Completing the production of clinical-grade cells using the previously published protocol is one of the final steps before starting our clinical program," said Ruslan Semechkin, Ph.D., ISCO's Chief Scientific Officer.

"Because of the complexity involved in manufacturing live human cell products, having our own GMP facility is not only a strategic advantage, but also allows us to control the production costs. We continue to anticipate, subject to regulatory agency approval, beginning the clinical trial in early 2015 and will provide a further update in the near future."

ISCO's master cell bank of human parthenogenetic neural stem cells (ISC-hpNSC) is produced in compliance with current good manufacturing practices (cGMPs) and the chemistry and manufacturing controls (CMC) discussed in the previously reported pre-IND meeting with the FDA. The cells are karyotypically normal hpNSCs and free of measurable contaminants of human or animal origin.

The production of hpNSCs from undifferentiated pluripotent human parthenogenetic stem cells in the master cell bank uses qualified reagents and a standardized protocol developed by ISCO. The undifferentiated human stem cells are derived from the parthenogenetic line and were recently cleared by the FDA for use in clinical trials.

Each batch of hpNSC is subjected to standardized quality control testing to ensure viability, sterility and appropriate cellular composition before clinical use. The existing master cell bank and current production scale are sufficient to supply our anticipated product needs through pivotal clinical trials. The cell bank was produced at the company's state of the art GMP manufacturing facility located in Oceanside, Calif.

ISC-hpNSCs are a novel therapeutic cellular product derived from the Company's proprietary human pluripotent stem cells. Neural stem cells are self-renewing multipotent cells that are precursors for the main cell types of the central nervous system.

The ability of ISC-hpNSCs to differentiate into dopaminergic neurons and express brain-protecting neurotrophic factors offers a new opportunity for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. ISCO's preclinical program includes animal studies to assess the safety and tolerability of our novel cell therapy as well as doses ranging efficacy to be used to design the first clinical trial in Parkinson's disease patients.

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International Stem Cell completes cell bank manufacturing for Parkinson's disease clinical trial

TAMPA Dr. Burton Feinerman has spent more than a decade using stem cell therapies that are banned in the United States, sending desperate families to Peru seeking treatments for their babies' terminal conditions like Tay-Sachs disease.

The therapies are costly and unproven, and no insurer will cover them. But there is no law against a U.S. doctor recommending them, as long as they aren't performed here.

Now the 85-year-old pediatrician is focusing on a stem cell therapy he can perform in Tampa, for seniors with such incurable lung conditions as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or COPD.

Feinerman, medical director of the Tampa-based Lung Institute, says lung patients tend to get the most benefit from stem cell therapies. And he can treat them in the United States because he is re-infusing patients with their own stem cells, a legal process under certain circumstances.

But it's not approved as a lung disease therapy in this country. Neither the American Lung Association nor the International Society for Stem Cell Research have endorsed it. Medicare won't cover it.

So Feinerman's patients must pay cash between $7,500 and $12,000 for a three-day treatment, plus $4,500 for additional "boosters'' of cells extracted from their blood or abdominal fat.

The Lung Institute has produced a slick website and an advertising campaign, and it puts on seminars at which prospects can hear the testimonials of satisfied patients.

But there are no clinical data showing stem cell therapies benefit patients with lung disease, said Dr. Daniel Weiss, a professor at the University of Vermont College of Medicine and a leading lung disease researcher. Further, studies of mice suggest that if the therapies work, it likely would help only acute lung conditions like respiratory distress syndrome, not chronic conditions like COPD.

"I do not recommend any type of cell therapy (for lung disease) at this point," Weiss said.

Feinerman insists the doubters are wrong. "Just go to Google," he told a Times reporter who asked him for clinical research to back his claims. Lung Institute employees later provided citations for three journal articles, but none showed the treatments worked. In fact, Weiss wrote two of the articles.

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Tampa stem cell clinic is long on promises, not evidence

Denver Regenerative Medicine - What is regenerative medicine?
Dr. Joel Cherdack of Denver Regenerative Medicine explains what regenerative medicine is. He and the hosts discuss the benefits of both PRP (platelet rich plasma) and Stem Cell Therapy.

By: Denver Regenerative Medicine

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Denver Regenerative Medicine - What is regenerative medicine? - Video

One clinical study, which was released 2 weeks before Christmas holidays captured my attention (but not attention of mass media). One of the most scandalous Indian stem cell tourism clinic Nutech Mediworld published(!) results of the study, which evaluates embryonic stem cell transplantation in children with cerebral palsy. Yes, youre reading it correctly embryonic stem cells in children! Now, I have no idea how this study was approved by Independent Ethics Committee (as stated in the paper) and how this manuscript passed peer review of Journal of Translational Medicine, but here is the fact study is done and results are published. I think, we should at least read it, try to analyze it (its not easy!) and maybe discuss it. Before we dive into the study, Id like to give you a little bit of background.

Geeta Shroff a director of Nutech Mediworld is a highly controversial and highly criticized by westerners figure in stem cell tourism. She is a retired obstetrician and self-taught embryonic stem cell practitioner, who used to be skeptical about sharing data with peers:

Dr. Shroff does not share data, has not submitted to peer review (shes said she has no peers) and has performed no controlled clinical trials. While patients call her a saviour, other researchers call her a quack, a fraud or names even less flattering.

Well, seem like she changed her mind lately. I remember, that many critics refused to believe that actual embryonic stem cells (ESC) were used by Nutech. They thought that Nutech used term embryonic for fetal cells, derived from aborted material. But, according the paper its real single ESC line, derived from preimplantation embryo post IVF.

Lets move to the study. As I mentioned above, study protocol was approved by Ethics Committee. Also, it was reported to National Apex Body (I dont know what is it, but sounds like something on government level). Yet another interesting fact the last author of the paper is a government worker (Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India). Id like to remind you that this is not the first embryonic stem cell study from India. So, I think, one thing we have to realize is that if these kind of studies could be shocking and hard to imagine in US or Europe, it could be normal and totally acceptable for India or some other countries. Also, we have to realize that reporting of some particular number of patients (cherry picking?), treated in one particular stem cell clinic is very different from well designed clinical study or trial. We have no way to check how information, presented in the paper is accurate, since its not a registered trial and there is no (as far as I understand) oversight from any agency.

Next, Id like to touch ESC product composition, which was used in kids with cerebral palsy. The authors did not bother much with differentiation of ESC into mature cells. In fact, transplanted ESC were Oct4+, SSEA3+, Nanog+, Sox+, betaHCG+, CD34+, Nestin+, GAF+ and NeuN+. So, it was a great mix of undifferentiated ESC and neurally induced progenitors. There is a reference to Shroffs patent in the paper. If we look at this patent (which btw covers everything all types of ESC derivatives and all kind of diseases), we can see that ESC product contains at least 40% of undifferentiated cells:

in one embodiment, the portion of undifferentiated stem cells will be no more than about 80% of the total population of cells. In another embodiment, the portion of undifferentiated stem cells will be no more than about 40% of the total population of cells.

ESC progeny in the product are not characterized and could be hematopoietic, neural, mesenchymal, hepatic Cells were infused and injected multiple times via all possible routes: intramuscular, intravenously, intra-caudal, as eye drops, as nasal spray, retro-bulbar, as oral or ear drops. Since, there was no immunosuppression, researchers check hypersensitivity to ESC product via skin probe before starting a treatment. One more interesting thing the cells were cryo-stored in pre-filled syringes at -20C. There is no viability data in the paper.

91 children were included in the study with age from 1 month to 18 years with different degree and course of disease. The authors noticed functional improvement in all ages and starting scores of disease, based on functional scales (GMFCS-E & R). Also, they indicate improvement in cognition. Of course, we cannot make solid conclusions about efficacy, since it was not randomized and controlled trial. About 10% of patients had adverse events, such as swelling, itching, fever, chest congestion and others. However, there is no information about long-term safety and, especially, about such important potential complication as ESC-related excessive tissue growth. According the paper, about half of patients were not followed more than 3-6 months after the first treatment (did not return for 2nd and 3rd phases of treatment).

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Cell Trials