Archive for the ‘Genetic Testing’ Category

The pay-and-display sign still marks the entrance to the Milton Keynes coronavirus testing hub a cluster of tents in a car park across from a shuttered Toys R Us shop that is the heart of the UKs drive to contain and control the disease.

On Friday afternoon a queue of about 20 cars had formed up on the road outside, carrying key workers from schools, hospitals and care homes.

Men in high-vis jackets working for the accountancy giant Deloitte, which runs the centre, patrolled the street and tried to clear it of anyone not coming to be tested, even though they admitted they had no legal authority to do so.

Those who had arrived had been given the postcode to put into their satnavs but there were almost no signposts to the hub on nearby ring roads or streets, perhaps to keep it a secret from curious locals or passersby.

Less than 24 hours earlier, the health secretary, Matt Hancock desperate to ramp up testing (and then contact tracing) in the hope of getting somewhere near his target of 100,000 tests a day by the end of April had announced that all key workers with symptoms could apply to be checked for coronavirus.

Huge pent-up demand from people would defeat the system within hours of it going live. On Friday morning the testing website could not cope and it told applicants that there were no more tests available, an administrative hitch for which the government swiftly apologised.

Those in the queue on the outskirts of Milton Keynes had, however, logged on before the crash. Several told the Observer they wanted tests as much for their patients, or the people they worked and lived with, as for themselves. Many had signed up in the small hours, including a school key worker who had gone online at 2am to register.

I work around Covid patients, although we wear full PPE, said one nurse who asked not to be named. This is the first opportunity weve had to get tested. Its for my patients as well as myself, so I dont risk infecting them. She had travelled with her sister who works in care, and her parents who are isolating with them. Their fathers diabetes makes him a high risk if he contracts Covid-19.

Once inside the car park the symptom carriers were directed into one of five bays, and greeted by a worker in full protective equipment, holding up a mobile phone number to ring from inside the car. The person on the phone explained how to take the test, and then provided a kit.

You had to get a swab and rub it along the back of your throat and tonsils, and then use the same swab up your nose, said Charlie Dawkins, a pre-school worker who signed up for a test after coming down with a fever and sore chest. Im quite glad we got to do it ourselves, I feel that if someone else did it I would have been sick. We had to keep stopping.

Dawkins had driven for around half an hour with her mother, a key worker in a school who received an email saying she was eligible for tests the previous day. She too registered in the middle of the night.

Dawkins said she found the experience as smooth as testing for a terrifying disease could be ever be. The people were really nice, everyone was so friendly. She has been told to expect results by text or email within 48 hours, linked to a QR code she was given on registration, and scanned when collecting the test kits.

Across the country key workers and their families and friends, some who had worried about their exposure and health for weeks, were going through this extraordinary, novel and anxiety-inducing procedure.

Nic Mitchell, a property and financial services adviser, began developing symptoms a few days ago, which forced her partner, the head engineer at a food processing factory, to go into isolation with her. She has a complex underlying medical condition. A test would help me manage my other underlying conditions better, she said. The symptoms may be related to something else this would help me rule it in or rule it out. Mitchells partner is considered to be an essential worker, so they managed to book a test online.

The nearest centre for her was in Worcester, 22 miles from her home in Cheltenham. Before attending, she said it would be very scary because she hadnt left the house since 4 January when she got back from holiday incredibly ill. Actually, going into the outside world is something that gives me a high level of anxiety, so going 22 miles makes it worse, she added.

When Mitchell arrived at the testing site at Worcester Warriors rugby club just before 3pm on Saturday, she was told that there would be a two and a half hour wait but the centre would shut at 5pm regardless. The only option was to attempt to rebook. They told me they couldnt cope, she said. It was very disappointing.

The tents of the Milton Keynes test centre are visible from nearby roads, normally busy with shoppers and office workers, and now emptied by coronavirus. The silent streets, with the test queue the only sign of life, were a reminder of the abrupt distortion of normality.

The UK government has expanded the criteria for who qualifies for a free test for coronavirus to all essential workers and their families in England up to 10 million people. The list of essential workers is the same as the one used to allow the children of key workers to carry on going to school during the lockdown:

Health and social careFrontline health and social care staff such as doctors, nurses, midwives, paramedics, as well as support and specialist staff in the health and social care sector. In addition it includes those working in supply chains including producers and distributors of medicines and personal protective equipment.

Education and childcareNursery, teaching staff and social workers.

Key public servicesThose required to run the justice system, religious staff, as well as those responsible for managing the deceased, and journalists providing public service broadcasting.

Local and national governmentAdministrative occupations essential to the effective delivery of the Covid-19 response or delivering essential public services.

Food and other necessary goodsThose involved in the production, processing, distribution, sale and delivery of food.

Public safety and national securityPolice, support staff, Ministry of Defence civilian staff and armed forces personnel, fire and rescue staff, and those responsible for border security, prisons and probation.

TransportThose who will keep air, water, road and rail passenger and freight transport modes operating.

Utilities, communication and financial servicesStaff required to keep oil, gas, electricity, water and sewerage operations running. Staff in the civil nuclear, chemical and telecommunications sectors. Those in postal services and those working to provide essential financial services.

The swabs are not tested on site, because they need sophisticated laboratory processing. Milton Keynes has one of the biggest labs in the country, based at the UK Biocentre, just a few miles from the car park test centre, which handles swabs sent from at least 20 testing centres across the country.

The labs are largely manned by scientists who volunteered to step away from their usual research to carry out testing, which is labour-intensive work.

At Milton Keynes, the scientists operate in pairs working 12-hour shifts, and together can handle around 400 to 500 swabs a day. The labs daily capacity, at full stretch, is around 8,000 tests.

Inside the lab there are three work stations, the first of which is protected by a biosecurity hood, where samples are treated with a solution to kill everything inside. In the second, the viruss genetic material (or the material of anything picked up by the sample) is extracted. In the third, that genetic material is put through a machine that multiplies it, so that there is enough for the test to detect, then checked for coronavirus. The biggest challenge, experts say, is not the science but the logistics of getting the tests in, then scaling up and bringing in robots.

The Milton Keynes lab is part of a centralised approach to testing in the UK that has puzzled many scientists and may have been a key contributor to the slowincrease of testing capacity.

Other countries that have rolled out more rapid testing programmes have relied at least in part on letting existing labs become testing centres with their own teams and equipment, who are able to start testing almost immediately on site.

In the UK, by contrast, authorities have chosen to bring equipment and scientists together in government-established centres, which are slower to get going because logistics and supply issues need to be worked out.

Prof Allyson Pollock, of Newcastle University, says one of the many reasons the UKs reaction has been late and, until now at least, fairly ineffective is that it can no longer respond to local need, because of endless reorganisations and years of austerity. She also says the government is treating this pandemic as a national one, when actually it is a series of local ones, requiring dedicated local responses.

But what angers scientists, health workers, experts and others more is why it was left until so recently when Hancock was already admitting the peak was near for this mass process of testing and contact tracing to be ordered across the country. And why has it all seemed so chaotic and poorly planned?

The criticism of ministers and their advisers is all the greater because they know the UK started on the right road only to halt, change course, then resume when the virus had spread and all that could be achieved was damage limitation.

In early March, during the containment phase, Public Health England (PHE) began testing and contact tracing of the few cases identified. Just under 300 staff were hired at that time. The team, working around the clock, traced 3,500 people and supported the 3% of contacts found to be infected to self-isolate. But tracing was then scaled back when the UK moved to the delay phase.

Governments that have contained larger scale outbreaks once they are under way, perhaps most notably South Korea, which at one point was the worst affected country outside China, have done it through large-scale testing and rigorous tracing of the contacts of infected people.

The fact that we did not carry on and expand testing and tracing to a scale similar to South Korea was unfortunate, says Prof James Naismith, of Edinburgh University. We hit the iceberg without enough lifeboats and came to grief. We did not have the infrastructure in place to maintain a testing programme at that time. South Korea and Germany did. There is no doubt we have lagged behind them.

After the UK stopped its testing and contact tracing, the World Health Organization ordered all countries to test, test, test. But in a vital period last month, the UK resisted. Only recently, as pressure to limit the lockdown has grown from businesses, Conservative MPs and a frustrated public, and as Hancocks testing target looked in danger, has the government completely changed course.

There is dismay among health workers who see daily the effects of Covid-19, that early efforts to ramp up testing (before key workers were included from last Thursday) were suboptimal to say the least.

Saffron Cordery, deputy chief executive of NHS Providers, which represents NHS trusts, said: There has been a lot of zig-zagging and veering on what is the policy, who is responsible for mobilising it, what is the plan. When Hancock first announced his target of 100,000 tests a day she says no one really knew how it would work. In our view it was not clear. It was just a number that was put out there. Cordery says it is not clear who the 100,000 should be initially, nor who would be involved in the testing. Should those to be tested include NHS staff, patients, who?

This lack of action was irksome for scientists, who last week pointed to the UKs massive but ignored capacity for carrying out genetic testing. Medical virology, molecular cancer and regional genetic laboratories as well as other academic centres around the country routinely use PCR [polymerase chain reaction] technology, which could easily have been turned to Covid-19 work a long time ago, they say.

Only the US has a greater capacity to do testing, said ProfGerome Breen, of Kings College London. But the NHS has refused to reply to many offers of help from research centres to supply tests. One of these offers came from Breen, a geneticist whose department already carries out PCR testing on a large scale. A month ago we offered to turn our laboratory over to Covid-19 work and test medical staff at Kings College Hospital to find out who might have been infected with the virus. We could have started within a fortnight and would have been doing thousands of tests a day by now. We had a couple of emails from the department but heard nothing from them after that. It was intensely frustrating.

Prof Martin Marshall, the chairman of the Royal College of GPs, suggested GPs should have been able to play a bigger role in referring patients for testing and helping the testing process. This admittedly would have required them to have the correct PPE, which has proved another challenge altogether.

Have they been a bit slow in getting to general practice, understanding the needs of general practice, understanding the PPE needs, for example, which took a time, understanding the role of general practice in identifying vulnerable patients understanding the testing needs for general practice? I think all of that has been slower than we would have liked to see.

Asked if the government knew who it ought to be testing, he said: I think the testing programme has been influenced more by the politics of the availability of testing than it has by the epidemiology of whats required.

You can have a good policy on testing, but you can only deliver it if youve actually got the kit.

This weekend, with the UK passing 20,000 hospital deaths from Covid-19 , and the WHO insisting that testing and contact tracing is essential before life can go back to normal, both are suddenly back at the heart of government policy.

But have the U-turns and the delays cost? And what if the lockdown has to continue for months more because effective testing and contact tracing has not been put in place?

Already business leaders and Conservative MPs are beginning to warn that without an easing of the lockdown based on testing and contact tracing, the economy faces ruin. Last week, the crisis facing small businesses and the need for a balance to be struck between saving lives and saving the economy was raised in a heated, virtual meeting of the 1922 Committee of Tory backbenchers.

The former cabinet minister, David Davis, said: There is deep concern among backbenchers about the fate of the vast numbers of small businesses, which will determine how fast we come out of this economic slump. Unless we are very quick and very effective at bringing as many as possible back into work in a few weeks time, the scars of this problem will go on for a decade.

Graham Brady, the chairman of the 1922 Committee, said: All members of parliament must be receiving representations from businesses large and small needing further assistance or some sense of when they can start to plan for at least a partial release from these measures.

Charles Walker, the committees vice-chair, added: Our inboxes are full of desperate people who own small businesses, some of which are their lives work, who now risk losing everything. We need to have a cabinet minister put in charge of small business.

World Health Organization (WHO) guidance on face masks has remained consistent during the coronavirus pandemic. It has stuck to the line that masks are for healthcare workers not the public.

Wearing a medical mask is one of the prevention measures that can limit the spread of certain respiratory viral diseases, including Covid-19. However, the use of a mask alone is insufficient to provide an adequate level of protection, and other measures should also be adopted, the WHO has stated.

There is no robust scientific evidence in the form of trials that ordinary masks block the virus from infecting people who wear them. There is also concerns the public will not understand how to use a mask properly, and may get infected if they come into contact with the virus when they take it off and then touch their faces.

Also underlying the WHOs concerns is the shortage of high-quality protective masks for frontline healthcare workers.

Nevertheless, masks do have a role when used by people who are already infected. It is accepted that they can block transmission to other people. Given that many people with Covid-19 do not show any symptoms for the first days after they are infected, masks clearly have a potential role to play if everyone wears them.

Sarah BoseleyHealth editor

-How to make a non-medical coronavirus face mask no sewing required

There is another, even more pressing need to start testing in increasing numbers, says Prof Charles Swanton, of the Francis Crick Institute in London, who is an oncologist and the chief clinician at Cancer Research UK. He said studies of infected hospital patients in Wuhan, in China, where Covid-19 first emerged, indicated that around 40% had contracted the disease inside the hospital. Hospital transmission is a very likely source of ongoing Covid-19 infection in the middle of a lockdown, he said.

For some patients for instance, those with life-threatening cancers this is a very serious issue. Patients are avoiding going to their GPs and GPs are making fewer hospital referrals. There are also 200,000 fewer cancer screenings taking place each week in the UK, due to the Covid-19 pandemic. That, in turn, means there are approximately 2,000 to 2,500 cancer diagnoses being missed each week.

Many scientists now believe reliable testing on a large scale really does offer the UK a route out of its Covid-19 crisis. However, merely reaching a figure of 100,000 tests a day on its own is not enough, warned Naismith.

It wont matter if we can test numbers of that order if we cannot then rapidly trace the contacts of those who are found to be positive and then isolate them. Once a person is found to be positive we will have to trace their contacts very, very quickly within a day and then test them.

Such tracing will inevitably require technological aids mainly by using mobile phones to track a persons movements, said Naismith. Inevitably, that will have privacy issues, he added. However, these will have to be dealt with because testing and tracing offers us the best chance we have for dealing with Covid-19 at the moment.

See more here:
Test, test, test: can Britain find a way out of lockdown? - The Guardian

Dr. Concepcion is chief clinical urologist officer, Integra Connect, West Palm Beach, FL, and clinical associate professor of urology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN.

Prostate cancer is a clinically heterogenous disease with variability in progression once diagnosed, ranging from the very indolent cases that may require no therapy to patients who present with de novo metastasis. In 2019, there were approximately 174,650 newly diagnosed prostate cancer cases in the United States and a cancer-specific mortality of 31,620 directly attributable to the disease or 5.2% of all cancer deaths.1

A number of newer therapies (all mechanistically different) and treatment regimens have been approved for the management of both patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) and metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). A unique dynamic progressive model estimates the incidence of these two subsets may approach 42,970 patients in 2020.2

Unfortunately, despite the availability of superior agents, optimal sequences or a combination of these oncolytics have yet to determined, as there are no predictive biomarkers to inform the provider what is the most ideal initial line of therapy (LOT) and as patients progress, what will be the most appropriate next LOT. What makes this situation even more challenging is that these newer therapies, as well as those that we anticipate will be approved in 2020 and beyond, are targeted for molecular drivers of prostate cancer. For the patient with mCSPC or mCRPC, how can we best determine the initial and subsequent LOTs, given the limitations of the monotherapy registration trials?

A number of key genomic mutations have been consistently identified in patients with prostate cancer (hormone naive and mCRPC). These mutations include gene fusion/chromosomal rearrangements (TMPRSS2-ERG), androgen receptor (AR) amplification, inactivation of tumor suppressor genes (PTEN/PI3-K/AKT/mTOR, TP53, Rb1), and oncogene activation (c-myc, RAS-RAF).3 More significantly, defects in DNA repair appear to be central in increasing ones susceptibility to malignant transformation.

Germline vs. somatic mutations

It is critical to patient management that we determine whether these mutations are inherited (germline) or acquired (somatic). Germline mutations are changes in DNA that are present in the patients reproductive cells (sperm or ovum) and are thus passed from generation to generation and will be identified in every cell of the body. Therefore, germline testing can be conducted with just a swab from the mouth, saliva, or blood from the patient. There are many companies in the United States that currently offer germline testing.

It is paramount that in order to obtain the most comprehensive analysis and report, genetic testing through next-generation sequencing in a diagnostic laboratory is mandatory. This type of testing should be compared with many of the direct-to-consumer tests that are currently marketed to patients. The testing platforms deployed by many of these companies are much less robust and often include a very limited number of known genetic mutations in their panels.

For example, thousands of identified BRCA mutations have been identified, but only a handful may be tested in some of these direct-to-consumer testing kits. This situation can lead to an unacceptable number of studies with false-negative results and should not be used for clinical decision-making.

Acquired or somatic mutations can be defined as any alteration in DNA that occurs after conception. These can occur in any cell of the body (except the reproductive cells) and usually arise as a result of exogenous or environmental exposures, such as tobacco smoking or UV radiation. Therefore, somatic testing requires next-generation sequencing of cells extracted from the tumor itself and cannot be performed by using a sample of saliva or blood.

Pritchard and colleagues were among the first to demonstrate the value of assessing inherited genetic changes in prostate cancer. Among 692 patients with metastatic prostate cancer, they examined the prevalence of mutations in 20 DNA repair genes.4 Mutations were identified in 82 men (11.8%) with significant geographic heterogeneity, even among these recognized cancer centers (prevalence of 8.8% in patients treated at the University of Washington and 18.5% in those treated at Memorial Sloan Kettering), potentially reflecting referral biases. Subsequently, Castro et al found a prevalence of germline DNA damage repair gene mutations of 16.2% in patients with mCRPC.5

Unlike other disease states in which commonly identified germline mutations may be actionable, actionable germline mutations are relatively uncommon in patients with prostate cancer. Nicolosi and colleagues found that actionable mutations were identified in 1.74% of their study cohort with a diverse patient population.6 In previous analyses, Robinson et al reported clinically actionable pathogenic germline mutations in 8% of 150 patients with mCRPC, in contrast to clinically actionable aberrations in the AR in 63% and aberrations in other cancer-related genes in 65% of patients.7 It is likely not surprising that actionable underlying germline mutations would be more common in a cohort with more advanced prostate cancer.

In patients with regional or metastatic prostate cancer, somatic tumor testing may also be considered on the basis of the observation that nearly 90% of men have potentially actionable mutations at the tumor level, whereas only a relatively small proportion of men would have actionable germline mutations (approximately 9% of patients with mCRPC, according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network). In these patients, testing may be undertaken for somatic homologous recombination repair (HRR) gene mutations (eg, BRCA1, BRCA2, ATM, PALB2, FANCA, RAD51D, and CHEK2) and for microsatellite instability (MSI) or mismatch repair (MMR).7

In patients with advanced prostate cancer, identification of underlying germline mutations may guide treatment selection to determine the most appropriate next LOT, especially in those who have progressed through multiple lines of prior therapy, including AR signaling agents. Patients with identified MSI-high status, defects in DNA MMR genes, or CDK12 biallelic loss may respond to checkpoint inhibition therapy.8

Pembrolizumab (KEYTRUDA), an FDA-approved PD-1 inhibitor, is the first immunotherapy to win approval in a tumor-agnostic manner and not based on organ type. Further, patients with mutations in HRR genes (including BRCA1/2, CHEK2, and genes that cause Fanconi anemia) may be better suited for treatment with PARP inhibitors, many of which are in ongoing phase III trials with expected approval in 2020.

Finally, patients with DNA repair defects may have increased sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapeutics.9 Given the uncertainty regarding optimal treatment selection and pending approval of current agents in trial, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network prostate cancer guideline panel recommends clinical trial enrollment for all men with prostate cancer and identified DNA repair gene mutations. In addition, somatic testing for specific gene variants may be undertaken.

For the most part, this approach is used in patients with advanced disease with the goal of identifying specific actionable targets. For example, mutations in HRR or MMR genes and identification of MSI-high versus MSI-low status may suggest certain treatments are more likely to be beneficial.

In addition to genetic testing of tumor tissue, assessing circulating tumor cells may offer important information. For example, testing of AR variant status can be performed using circulating tumor cells and may be predictive of disease.

Generally, genetic testing yields results that are unambiguous and will show that a gene mutation is present or absent. However, the reporting of the significance and association of that mutation relative to a disease state can be quite variable. Given that the coding sequence for a particular gene has been defined and the sequencing machines are fairly similar, what is considered positive or deleterious versus negative or favorable/no mutation relative to risk of disease is predicated on the number of patients tested.

As noted, a number of genes have been identified as associated with an increased susceptibility risk for prostate cancer. Multigene panels are becoming used more often, but the makeup of these panels is not uniform. A recent analysis looking at various commercially available multigene panels shows that the average number of genes tested is 12 (range, 4-16). BRCA1/BRCA2 are included in all the panels, but 20% did not include HOXB13 or MMR genes.10

The clinical experience and number of patients tested with BRCA1/2 is more extensive compared with other genes. More and more mutations continue to be discovered, but the significance to the patient has yet to be determined until even further samples are processed. These discoveries, classified as variants of unknown significance (VUS), represent a gray area in which there is a change in the genetic sequence; however, it is still unknown whether this change is associated with a deleterious or favorable prognosis. Among women with breast cancer, detection of a VUS is more common than identification of known pathogenic variants.11 Although ongoing work seeks to better delineate the importance of these VUS, the involvement of a genetic counselor is key to helping patients navigate this uncertain situation.

Conclusion

Urologists will need to incorporate comprehensive genomic testing, just as we embraced PSA testing back in the 1990s. A recent survey conducted among 52 single-specialty independent urology community practices identified the following three issues related to incorporation and development of a comprehensive testing program12:

medical/legal liability for unaddressed identified mutations

reimbursement concerns and cost of testing

complexity and time involved to enter a complete family history and pedigree into the electronic health record.

None of these considerations, however, is insurmountable if the practice has a commitment to enhance and deliver precision medicine for our patients with prostate cancer.

References

1. Siegel RL, Miller KD Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2019. Cancer J Clin. 2019; 69:7-34.

2. Scher HI, Solo K, Valant J, Todd MB, Mehra M. Prevalence of prostate cancer clinical states and mortality in the United States: estimates using a dynamic progression model. PLoS ONE. 2015; 10:e0139440.

3. Rubin MA, Maher CA, Chinnaiyan AM. Common gene rearrangements in prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2011; 29:3659-68.

4. Pritchard CC, Mateo J, Walsh MF, et al. Inherited DNA-repair gene mutations in men with metastatic prostate cancer. N Engl J Med. 2016; 375:443-53.

5. Castro E, Romero-Laorden N, Del Pozo A, et al. PROREPAIR-B: a prospective cohort study of the impact of germline DNA repair mutations on the outcomes of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2019; 37:490-503.

6. Nicolosi P, Ledet E, Yang S, et al. Prevalence of germline variants in prostate cancer and implications for current genetic testing guidelines. JAMA Oncol. 2019; 5:523-8.

7. Robinson D, Van Allen EM, Wu YM, et al. Integrative clinical genomics of advanced prostate cancer. Cell. 2015; 161:1215-28.

8. Wu YM, Cielik M, Lonigro RJ, et al. Inactivation of CDK12 delineates a distinct immunogenic class of advanced prostate cancer. Cell. 2018; 173:1770-82.

9. Humeniuk MS, Gupta RT, Healy P, et al. Platinum sensitivity in metastatic prostate cancer: does histology matter? Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2018; 21:92-9.

10. Aldubayan SH. Considerations of multigene test findings among men with prostate cancerknowns and unknowns. Can J Urol. 2019; 26:14-6.

11. van Marcke C, Collard A, Vikkula M, et al. Prevalence of pathogenic variants and variants of unknown significance in patients at high risk of breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of gene-panel data. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2018; 132:138-44.

12. Concepcion RS. Germline testing for prostate cancer: community urology perspective. Can J Urol. 2019;26:50-1.

Read this article:
Role and rationale for molecular testing in advanced prostate cancer - Urology Times

SPRINGFIELD, Mo. -- A Springfield laboratory finds itself on the frontlines of testing for COVID-19.

At first, patients found access to testing tough. Now that is access is easier with much faster results, since doctors can send tests to hospital labs and Dynamic DNA, a private Springfield lab.

Scientists at Dynamic DNA have tested patient specimens for nearly three weeks. The business normally does genetic testing, but had all the right equipment to do COVID-19 tests. When employees heard about delays and trouble with access, they wanted to help. So far, they have tested hundreds of patients.

While handling the specimens, lab workers use a biosafety cabinet and wear personal protective equipment. Couriers drop off new test specimens each day.

They analyze test samples for multiple health systems, including Mercy, Jordan Valley Health Clinic, Citizens Memorial Hospital and Ozark Valley Medical. The lab process itself takes about 4 to 5 hours.

"It's been really rewarding to know that we're able to decrease those turnaround times," said Rhy Norton, Dynamic DNA Laboratories lab manager. "So we're getting tests out in 24 hours. Honestly, if you get a test in the morning, it can be as short as eight hours. It feels good to be able to help things along."

Norton says it is still a little difficult to get all the testing supplies, but they have enough right now to do thousands more. The lab charges hospitals $100 for each test and is expecting to receive some funding soon from the Missouri Foundation for Health.

See the original post here:
Springfield's Dynamic DNA on the frontlines of testing for COVID-19 in Springfield - KY3

Answers to questions regarding the availability of testing, new types of tests and how testing could help end the states shutdown.

Editors Note: This content is being provided for free as a public service to our readers during the coronavirus outbreak. Please support local journalism by subscribing to the Burlington County Times at burlingtoncountytimes.com/subscribenow.

As New Jersey and much of the country begin to emerge from the most intense surges of the coronavirus outbreak, attention is turning toward testing.

Public health officials say improvements and access to testing are crucial to ending shutdowns like New Jerseys, which has closed schools and most businesses, prohibited gatherings, and, generally, kept most people housebound for the last month.

But many questions about how testing works, and who is allowed to get tested, remain.

What improvements have been made to testing?

On Thursday, state officials announced a new saliva-based test developed by Rutgers University that is expected to allow for broader testing than currently possible with nose and throat swab tests.

Other benefits of the new test include not putting health care professionals at risk for infection by performing and allowing personal protective equipment to be reserved for use in patient care instead of testing.

Most importantly, perhaps, the new testing is faster, allowing for a significant increase in the number of people tested daily.

The testing could be particularly important for quarantined people especially health care workers who are unsure when it is safe to leave quarantine.

Rutgers also recently announced a genetic testing service that allows for an increase of thousands of tests daily. Combined with the new saliva test, New Jerseys testing capacity could increase to tens of thousands of samples daily, according to the university.

In addition, earlier this month New Jersey received 15 Abbott ID NOW Instruments, which can test and diagnose coronavirus in as little as five minutes.

How will New Jersey use testing to help end the shutdown?

Next week the state is to release an outline regarding how the state will conduct widespread testing and contact tracing.

Both are prerequisites to the state relaxing social distancing and reopening businesses, according to the state department of health.

To date, the state has tested about 2% of the population, and the vast majority of those tested have been for symptomatic patients.

Already though, the state is slowly expanding the scope of testing, according to Gov. Phil Murphy.

One such expansion is a plan, announced Thursday by Murphy, that would test all residents and staff at New Jerseys five developmental centers, including the New Lisbon Developmental Center in Woodland.

The state already has begun a widespread testing program of nursing homes and assisted living facilities in South Jersey.

The department of health, in coordination with Cooper University, on Wednesday tested 3,000 long term-care facilities patients and staff, according to health commissioner Judy Persichilli.

State epidemiologist Dr. Christina Tan repeatedly has emphasized testing is just the first part of the states strategy.

The testing strategy also involves the need to then take the next step. Once you get the results you have to be able to act upon those results, because otherwise whats the point to doing the testing, right, if youre not going to be able to take the next steps to isolate, to be able to do contact tracing, to be able to for example in the long-term care facilities to appropriately cohort and to do all the appropriate infection control measures that need to happen, Tan said at a news conference Wednesday.

To effectively perform contact tracing, the state needs about 81 dedicated health professional per 100,000 people, according to Persichilli. In New Jersey that would total 7,290 health professionals.

The state is developing a testing task force that will further refine testing strategy, according to Persichilli.

According to guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, after an individual tests positive, health officials then dive into evaluating persons considered to have been in close contact with the COVID-19 positive patient.

Individuals considered to have close contact could include members of a patients household; community members who spent at least 10 minutes within 6 feet of the patient; community members who were exposed to the patient in a health care setting; and health care personnel, according to the CDC.

People identified as having been in close contact then enter a 14-day monitoring period, which includes daily check-ins with local health department officials. Anyone who develops new or worsening symptoms is then deemed a person under investigation for COVID-19 and tested for the disease, according to the CDC.

Should any one these individuals test positive, health officials will once again start the contact tracing process.

Though Murphy has said at least a small rise in coronavirus cases is inevitable once the shutdown is lifted, contact tracing will significantly help to contain the spread, according to health officials.

Where can I get tested in Burlington County, and why are some sites limited to certain municipal residents?

There are three types of testing sites in New Jersey: Community-based testing sites which are open to all New Jerseyans experiencing symptoms of respiratory illness; county testing sites, which largely are restricted to residents or first responders of a specific county; and private testing sites, which usually require a referral from a health care provider.

Burlington County has a county site and a private sight.

The county testing site at the Burlington County Emergency Services Training Center, 695 Woodlane Road in Westampton, opened late last month and has since conducted about 1,500 tests.

The drive-through site is open only to symptomatic Burlington residents who have made an appointment. Hours are limited to Tuesdays and Thursdays 10 a.m.-1 p.m.

As of Thursday morning the county had conducted 1,432 tests, over eight total testing days, since it opened the site March 26. It tests about 180 people per testing day. Appointments are still available.

The countys private site, on the other hand, has only been open a few days.

Virtua on Monday began testing at Virtua Willingboro hospital, formerly Lourdes Medical Center of Burlington County, off Sunset Road. More than 50 people were tested within the first hour and Virtua officials expect to test about 100 people each day.

The free testing site is restricted to Willingboro residents, and patients who have a referral from a Virtua Health doctor. Those patients do not have to be from Willingboro, but do need a doctors order to be tested.

Virtua focused testing on Willingboro because the township has been the hardest hit community in Burlington County. As of Wednesday night, Willingboro had 336 cases and 10 deaths as of Friday, according to county data.

The next highest caseload is in adjoining Burlington Township, which reports 219 cases and 14 deaths as of Friday, county data shows.

See the article here:
What you need to know about coronavirus testing in New Jersey - Burlington County Times

Demand for mental health tools and services skyrockets; SAMSHA crisis hotline reported 9 times the number of requests for mental health crisis support in March

Genominds mental health tools were shown to reduce emergency room visits by 40% and inpatient hospitalizations by 58% i

Recent health plan contracts provide in-network coverage and significant discounting of Genomind Professional PGx Express for almost 40 million subscribers

Genomind, the leading mental health company bringing precision medicine into mainstream mental health treatment, today announced that during a time of unprecedented mental health demand, it is working with providers, health plans, and employer groups to increase access to its mental health tools and services. Its flagship pharmacogenetics (PGx) product, Genomind Professional PGx Express, provides genetic guidance to reduce the process of mental health medication trial and error. A recent independent study showed that Genominds mental health tools and services can reduce the burden on the healthcare system by decreasing emergency room and in-patient hospitalizations by 40% and 58%, respectively.

Genomind confirmed five recent additional network coverage contracts for Genomind Professional PGx Express the most advanced and comprehensive mental health pharmacogenetic testing service available. With these new contracts, Genomind Professional PGx Express is now covered in-network at significantly discounted contracted rates with 26 health plans and organizations serving almost forty million members across the United States.

"At this critical point in our shared history, it is more important than ever to make sure that those with mental health conditions have access to the tools and services they need, and to stay out of the hospital whenever possible," said Shawn Patrick OBrien, Chief Executive Officer at Genomind. "We are going to be part of the solution. We applaud the commitment of these health plans to help their subscribers access mental health resources that reduce the burden on hospitals and providers, and look forward to continued work with other health plans to support broader access to mental health PGx testing."

Skyrocketing Demand for Mental Health Tools and Services

Even prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, mental health issues have been increasing. In April, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported a 35% increase in suicide rates between 1999 and 2018. Since the recent events related to the novel coronavirus have disrupted everyday life, leading advocacy and professional groups are reporting a sharp rise in mental health concerns.

"Even as our hospitals and health systems are being stretched to the limit, it is clear that mental health cannot wait. It is incumbent upon us as mental health professionals to do everything we can to provide tools and services that both help our patients and reduce the burden on our health systems," said Gisoo Zarrabi, M.D. Medical Director of Harbor Psychiatry & Mental Health. "Genominds PGx test and services are an important tool in my arsenal and I am pleased to see the company making these efforts to increase access to mental health technologies that can support my practice and benefit my patients."

Genomind has taken several steps to help mental healthcare providers work remotely and deliver quality care during the COVID-19 crisis. Genomind is providing:

About Genomind Professional PGx Express

Genomind Professional PGx Express, available by prescription, is the most advanced mental health genetic testing service available, analyzing variants on up to 24 genes selected for inclusion based on guidelines from expert consortia peer-reviewed studies due to their significance in mental health. Test results include information on patients genetic variants that are relevant for the treatment of conditions such as depression, anxiety, autism, schizophrenia, chronic pain, bipolar disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and substance abuse.

Genomind Professional PGx Express bundles the test results with a suite of services, including:

About Genomind

Genomind is the leading mental health care company delivering the genetic testing tools that empower clinicians to make more informed treatment decisions and create better outcomes for patients with mental illnesses. As the scientific leader in genetic testing, Genominds flagship offering is Genomind Professional PGx Express the most advanced and comprehensive mental health genetic service available. Supported by a world-class genetics lab and unique consultative approach, Genomind is advancing a new paradigm of personalized medicine in mental health care.

Story continues

See original here:
Genomind Coordinates With Multiple Health Plans to Expand Access to Its Pharmacogenetics Tools and Help Reduce Mental Health-Related ER and Hospital...

In Global Direct-to-consumer Genetic Testing Market Research Report, the study analysis was given on a worldwide scale, for instance, present and traditional Direct-to-consumer Genetic Testing growth analysis, competitive analysis, and also the growth prospects of the central regions. The report gives an exhaustive investigation of this market provides an analysis of the industry trends in each of the sub-segments, from sales, revenue and consumption. A quantitative and qualitative analysis of the main players in Global and country level is introduced, from the perspective of sales, revenue and price.

Request a sample of Direct-to-consumer Genetic Testing Market report @https://martresearch.com/contact/request-sample/2/45139

Snapshot:The global Direct-to-consumer Genetic Testing market size is estimated at xxx million USD with a CAGR xx% from 2015-2019 and is expected to reach xxx Million USD in 2020 with a CAGR xx% from 2020 to 2025. The report begins from overview of Industry Chain structure, and describes industry environment, then analyses market size and forecast of Direct-to-consumer Genetic Testing by product, region and application, in addition, this report introduces market competition situation among the vendors and company profile, besides, market price analysis and value chain features are covered in this report.

Product Type Coverage(Market Size & Forecast, Major Company of Product Type etc.):

Diagnostic ScreeningPrenatal, Newborn Screening, and Pre-Implantation DiagnosisRelationship Testing

Company Coverage(Company Profile, Sales Revenue, Price, Gross Margin, Main Products etc.):

23andMeMyHeritageLabCorpMyriad GeneticsAncestry.comQuest DiagnosticsGene By GeneDNA Diagnostics CenterInvitaeIntelliGeneticsAmbry GeneticsLiving DNAEasyDNAPathway GenomicsCentrillion TechnologyXcodeColor GenomicsAnglia DNA ServicesAfrican AncestryCanadian DNA ServicesDNA Family CheckAlpha BiolaboratoriesTest Me DNA23 MofangGenetic HealthDNA Services of AmericaShuwen Health SciencesMapmygenomeFull Genomes

Application Coverage(Market Size & Forecast, Different Demand Market by Region, Main Consumer Profile etc.):

OnlineOffline

Region Coverage(Regional Production, Demand & Forecast by Countries etc.):

North America (U.S., Canada, Mexico)Europe (Germany, U.K., France, Italy, Russia, Spain etc.)Asia-Pacific (China, India, Japan, Southeast Asia etc.)South America (Brazil, Argentina etc.)Middle East & Africa (Saudi Arabia, South Africa etc.)

At the upcoming section, this report discusses industrial policy, economic environment, in addition cost structures of the industry. And this report encompasses the fundamental dynamics of the market which include drivers, opportunities, and challenges faced by the industry. Additionally, this report showed a keen market study of the main consumers, raw material manufacturers and distributors, etc.

Buy The Report @https://martresearch.com/paymentform/2/45139/Single_User

Major Point of TOC:

Table of Content1 Industry Overview2 Industry Environment (PEST Analysis)3 Direct-to-consumer Genetic Testing Market by Type4 Major Companies List5 Market Competition6 Demand by End Market7 Region Operation8 Marketing & Price9 Research Conclusion

About us:Research is and will always be the key to success and growth for any industry. Most organizations invest a major chunk of their resources viz. time, money and manpower in research to achieve new breakthroughs in their businesses. The outcome might not always be as expected thereby arising the need for precise, factual and high-quality data backing your research. This is where MART RESEARCH steps in and caters its expertise in the domain of market research reports to industries across varied sectors.

Contact Us:

Mart Research[emailprotected]+1-857-300-1122

The rest is here:
Global Direct-to-consumer Genetic Testing Market Analysis 2015-2019 and Forecast 2020-2026: Size, Share, Growth Rate, Revenue, Applications, Industry...

Identigene

Global Direct-To-Consumer (DTC) Genetic Testing Market Segmentation

This market was divided into types, applications and regions. The growth of each segment provides an accurate calculation and forecast of sales by type and application in terms of volume and value for the period between 2020 and 2026. This analysis can help you develop your business by targeting niche markets. Market share data are available at global and regional levels. The regions covered by the report are North America, Europe, the Asia-Pacific region, the Middle East, and Africa and Latin America. Research analysts understand the competitive forces and provide competitive analysis for each competitor separately.

To get Incredible Discounts on this Premium Report, Click Here @ https://www.verifiedmarketresearch.com/ask-for-discount/?rid=25584&utm_source=COD&utm_medium=002

Global Direct-To-Consumer (DTC) Genetic Testing Market Regions and Countries Level Analysis

The regional analysis is a very complete part of this report. This segmentation highlights Direct-To-Consumer (DTC) Genetic Testing sales at regional and national levels. This data provides a detailed and accurate analysis of volume by country and an analysis of market size by region of the world market.

The report provides an in-depth assessment of growth and other aspects of the market in key countries such as the United States, Canada, Mexico, Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Russia and the United States Italy, China, Japan, South Korea, India, Australia, Brazil and Saudi Arabia. The chapter on the competitive landscape of the global market report contains important information on market participants such as business overview, total sales (financial data), market potential, global presence, Direct-To-Consumer (DTC) Genetic Testing sales and earnings, market share, prices, production locations and facilities, products offered and applied strategies. This study provides Direct-To-Consumer (DTC) Genetic Testing sales, revenue, and market share for each player covered in this report for a period between 2016 and 2020.

Why choose us:

We offer state of the art critical reports with accurate information about the future of the market.

Our reports have been evaluated by some industry experts in the market, which makes them beneficial for the company to maximize their return on investment.

We provide a full graphical representation of information, strategic recommendations and analysis tool results to provide a sophisticated landscape and highlight key market players. This detailed market assessment will help the company increase its efficiency.

The dynamics of supply and demand shown in the report offer a 360-degree view of the market.

Our report helps readers decipher the current and future constraints of the Direct-To-Consumer (DTC) Genetic Testing market and formulate optimal business strategies to maximize market growth.

Table of Contents:

Study Coverage: It includes study objectives, years considered for the research study, growth rate and Direct-To-Consumer (DTC) Genetic Testing market size of type and application segments, key manufacturers covered, product scope, and highlights of segmental analysis.

Executive Summary: In this section, the report focuses on analysis of macroscopic indicators, market issues, drivers, and trends, competitive landscape, CAGR of the global Direct-To-Consumer (DTC) Genetic Testing market, and global production. Under the global production chapter, the authors of the report have included market pricing and trends, global capacity, global production, and global revenue forecasts.

Direct-To-Consumer (DTC) Genetic Testing Market Size by Manufacturer: Here, the report concentrates on revenue and production shares of manufacturers for all the years of the forecast period. It also focuses on price by manufacturer and expansion plans and mergers and acquisitions of companies.

Production by Region: It shows how the revenue and production in the global market are distributed among different regions. Each regional market is extensively studied here on the basis of import and export, key players, revenue, and production.

Complete Report is Available @ https://www.verifiedmarketresearch.com/product/Direct-To-Consumer-DTC-Genetic-Testing-Market/?utm_source=COD&utm_medium=002

We also offer customization on reports based on specific client requirement:

1- Free country level analysis for any 5 countries of your choice.

2- Free Competitive analysis of any market players.

3- Free 40 analyst hours to cover any other data points

About us:

Verified market research partners with the customer and offer an insight into strategic and growth analyzes, Data necessary to achieve corporate goals and objectives. Our core values are trust, integrity and authenticity for our customers.

Analysts with a high level of expertise in data collection and governance use industrial techniques to collect and analyze data in all phases. Our analysts are trained to combine modern data collection techniques, superior research methodology, expertise and years of collective experience to produce informative and accurate research reports.

Contact us:

Mr. Edwyne FernandesCall: +1 (650) 781 4080Email: [emailprotected]

Tags: Direct-To-Consumer (DTC) Genetic Testing Market Size, Direct-To-Consumer (DTC) Genetic Testing Market Trends, Direct-To-Consumer (DTC) Genetic Testing Market Forecast, Direct-To-Consumer (DTC) Genetic Testing Market Growth, Direct-To-Consumer (DTC) Genetic Testing Market Analysis

More here:
Direct-To-Consumer (DTC) Genetic Testing Market Overview by 2026: Verified Market Research - Cole of Duty

Yahoo Life is committed to finding you the best products at the best prices. We may receive a share from purchases made via links on this page. Pricing and availability are subject to change.

You may think you might know everything about Fidos life, especially if you raised him from a fur babybut that little rascal has plenty of mysteries hidden in his family tree. For instance, what breeds were his parents and grandparents? Is your pup really a purebred, or is she a mix? And the question every owner of a rescue pet is tired of hearing: what exactly is your dog a mix of?

Dog DNA kits are designed to help answer those burning questions and pinpoint your poochs originsjust like the kits designed for humans. Knowing more about your pups background is not only interesting, but it can help you better navigate current or future behavioral or health issues.

Right now, Chewy has a slew of pet DNA kits on sale. From basic ancestry to health profiles, these tests really run the gamut and thankfully, you wont have to pay full price for them.

Curiosity killing the cat? Check out our favorite dog DNA kits below, and shop all the discounted kits here.

Embark tests for over 250 dog breeds including wolf, coyote and village dog ancestry. It also helps trace your pup's family tree back to great grandparents and connects you to other relatives that share similar DNA. However, the standout feature of this test is the comprehensive genetic testing for over 170 genetic health conditions.

This is by far the most accurate breed and health testing for dogs, one vet shares. I am a veterinarian and have had access to results by many of the companies out there - this is the one I will always recommend to my clients.

All the DNA My Dog kit requires is a simple, painless at-home cheek swab using the included sterile cotton applicator to determine your dog's complete breed and ancestry. Mail in the sample, and you'll receive a detailed report in two weeks or less listing specifics for every breed in your pets genetic profile, including a percentage breakdown of the levels found in your dogs DNA.

Story continues

I loved this experience!!! The kit came immediately with great instructions, one happy shopper shared. To find out his DNA has been the coolest experience! The description of the levels was most helpful. SO GLAD I DID THIS!! Never ever would have dreamed these breeds! It explains a lot. And the greatest part is that this Italian girl just discovered her dog is Italian!! As in Italian Greyhound. Love it!

The Wisdom Panel test can detect over 250 dog breeds, including 99 percent of American Kennel Club-recognized breeds. If youre testing a puppy, the test will determine how much he or she will weigh as an adult. It takes two to three weeks to see results after mailing your pups cheek swab to the lab.

We were very happy with the results, a happy shopper shared. The results were spot on! The tests were done very quickly and very accurately. One of our dogs has the MDR1, so THANK YOU for informing us. Very happy.

Read More from Yahoo Lifestyle:

Follow us onInstagram,Facebook,Twitter, andPinterestfor nonstop inspiration delivered fresh to your feed, every day.

Want daily pop culture news delivered to your inbox?Sign up herefor Yahoos newsletter.

See the original post:
Chewy just slashed the price of a slew of doggie DNA kits starting at just $47 - Yahoo Lifestyle

Trimethylaminuria is a rare disorder in which the body is unable to break down the chemical trimethylamine.

Trimethylamine has a very strong smell, similar to that of rotting fish. In people with trimethylaminuria, trimethylamine builds up in the body, causing it to give off a strong fish-like odor.

Trimethylaminuria does not have any associated health problems, but the strong odor may affect people socially and psychologically.

Here, we look at the causes, symptoms, and treatment of trimethylaminuria.

Trimethylaminuria is a rare disorder that causes a person to have an excess of the chemical trimethylamine in the body.

People may also refer to trimethylaminuria as:

The intestines produce a chemical called trimethylamine when people eat certain foods, including:

Usually, an enzyme breaks down trimethylamine as part of the digestion process.

Some people have a mutation in the gene that controls this enzyme, which prevents it from breaking down certain chemicals properly. As a result, trimethylamine builds up in the body.

Trimethylamine has a strong fish-like odor. When people are unable to break trimethylamine down as usual, the body releases the chemical through bodily fluids.

Due to this, people with trimethylamine give off a strong fish-like odor.

The main symptom of trimethylaminuria is a strong fish-like odor. The body releases excess trimethylaminuria through:

People may have a strong odor all of the time or a milder odor that can change in intensity.

Certain factors, such as sweating, may increase the smell. People may find that the odor worsens with exercise or stress.

Trimethylaminuria seems to be more common in females than in males. Although there is not yet a clear reason for this, researchers suggest that female sex hormones, such as estrogen and progesterone, could play a role.

Females may have more severe symptoms:

Stress levels and diet may also play a part in triggering symptoms.

People with trimethylaminuria do not usually have any symptoms other than a fish-like odor, and the disorder does not cause any other physical health issues.

However, some people may find that the strong odor affects their mental, emotional, or social health. These individuals may socially isolate themselves or experience depression due to the condition.

Trimethylaminuria is usually an inherited condition that occurs due to an affected flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3) gene.

A mutation in the FMO3 gene affects the FMO3 enzyme. This enzyme converts trimethylamine to trimethylamine N-oxide, which has no smell.

If the FMO3 enzyme does not work properly, the body is unable to break down trimethylamine, and the chemical builds up in the body. The body releases the strong-smelling chemical through bodily fluids, such as sweat and urine.

The symptoms of trimethylaminuria vary greatly among individuals. Researchers believe that different types of mutations in the FMO3 gene can affect the intensity of the symptoms.

In some cases, people may develop secondary trimethylaminuria from large doses of trimethylamine or products that trigger trimethylamine production.

This type of the condition can occur when the FMO3 enzyme in the liver becomes unable to break down the excess quantities of trimethylamine.

A doctor may be able to diagnose trimethylaminuria by asking a person about their symptoms and carrying out a few tests.

A urine test can show whether a person has high levels of trimethylamine in their urine.

A doctor may give the person an oral dose of choline first, as this causes the production of trimethylamine.

People may also undergo genetic testing, which can show whether there is a mutation in the FMO3 gene that causes trimethylaminuria.

There is currently no cure for trimethylamine, so treatment focuses on managing and reducing symptoms.

One of the main ways in which people can reduce the odor of trimethylamine is by avoiding certain foods that contain trimethylamine or choline, which triggers trimethylamine production.

The milk from wheat-fed cows contains trimethylamine, while foods that contain choline include:

Trimethylamine N-oxide is present in seafood, including fish, cephalopods (such as squid and octopus), and crustaceans (such as crabs and lobsters). It is also in freshwater fish at lower levels.

Other ways to reduce symptoms include:

Certain supplements may help reduce the amount of trimethylamine in the urine. The National Human Genome Research Institute recommend:

Riboflavin, or vitamin B-2, may help increase any existing FMO3 enzyme activity in the body. People can take the recommended intake of 3040 mg between three and five times a day with meals.

People can also avoid using alkaline soaps and body lotions with a high pH level. Using slightly acidic soaps or body lotions with a pH of 5.56.5 instead can help wash off trimethylamine more easily from the skin.

If trimethylaminuria has a psychological or social impact on a person, they should speak to a doctor or counselor. Family or relationship counseling may also be helpful.

If a person suspects that they have trimethylaminuria, they can see their doctor for a diagnosis.

A doctor can help put together a treatment plan that includes dietary and lifestyle changes.

They can also advise on any supplements and check that these will not interact with other medications that the person may be taking.

People who are avoiding certain foods and drinks to reduce their symptoms may benefit from working alongside a doctor or registered dietitian. These professionals can help them avoid any nutrient deficiencies and maintain a healthful lifestyle.

Trimethylaminuria is a rare condition that causes a buildup of the chemical trimethylamine in the body.

The body releases the excess trimethylamine through sweat, urine, breath, and reproductive fluids, giving off a strong fishy odor.

Many people with trimethylaminuria, particularly those with mild-to-moderate symptoms, will be able to reduce the fish smell with dietary and lifestyle changes.

Trimethylaminuria does not cause any other physical health problems, and people with the condition are usually in good health otherwise.

It is important that people seek help from a healthcare professional if trimethylaminuria causes social isolation, depression, anxiety, or any other psychological issues.

Read the original post:
Trimethylaminuria: Definition, symptoms, and more - Medical News Today

Testing is critical to controlling the coronavirus and eventually easing the restrictions that have halted daily life for most Americans. But theres been confusion about what kinds of tests are available and what they actually measure.

There are two main types in the United States. One is a diagnostic test to see if you have an active infection with the coronavirus, whether you have symptoms of COVID-19 or not. The other checks to see if you were previously exposed at some point and fought off an infection.

Currently, almost all testing in hospitals, clinics and drive-through sites uses the first testing method, to help doctors detect and treat people with active infections.

The second method looks for coronavirus antibodies in the blood because their presence is a sign that the immune system has fought off an infection. Experts predict this type of test will play a key role in allowing many Americans to safely return to work and school by identifying those who are likely immune from the virus.

Heres a closer look at both tests and how they work:

Genetic testing is the best method for detecting active COVID-19 infections and making a diagnosis. The process requires several steps and high-tech testing equipment to detect tiny traces of the virus that causes COVID-19.

Newsletter

Get our free Coronavirus Today newsletter

Sign up for the latest news, best stories and what they mean for you, plus answers to your questions.

You may occasionally receive promotional content from the Los Angeles Times.

First, the doctor or nurse gathers samples from a patients nose or throat using swabs. The sample is developed through a process called polymerase chain reaction, or PCR, which is used to boost any traces of virus until they are detectable.

The same process has long been used to diagnose viruses such as HIV and hepatitis.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has now authorized dozens of these types of tests that can be run at hospitals, university laboratories and large testing chains such as Quest Diagnostics, along with one that patients can use at home. The tests typically take four to six hours to run and can take a day or more to turn around if a sample needs to be shipped to another site for processing.

Last month, several faster options that dont require laboratory processing came on the market. The fastest is a 15-minute test from Abbott Laboratories run on small, portable electronic machines found in thousands of hospitals, clinics and doctors offices. The test puts all the chemical ingredients into a small cartridge thats inserted into the Abbott machine along with the swabbed sample.

There are caveats to these types of tests: Someone can test negative one day and then positive the next. Much depends on the level of virus and whether the swab picked up enough of it to make a good sample.

The FDA recently authorized the first genetic test that uses saliva, rather than a nasal swab, but its availability is limited for now.

U.S. testing continues to be squeezed by huge demand, limited testing machines and shortages of key supplies such as swabs. While the U.S. is now conducting well over 1 million tests per week, most experts say that number will need to increase at least threefold before social distancing is dramatically eased.

The second type of test wont tell you whether youre currently infected with the virus, but whether you were infected sometime in the past.

Instead of searching for the virus itself, these tests search for blood proteins called antibodies, which the body produces days or weeks after fighting an infection. The same approach usually a finger-prick of blood on a test strip is used for HIV, hepatitis and many other infections.

Dr. Anthony Fauci, the nations top infectious disease official, says its a reasonable assumption, that if you have antibodies, you will be protected from another infection. But federal researchers still have to answer several key questions: How accurate are the tests? What antibody level is needed for immunity? How long does that immunity last?

By testing broad populations for antibodies, researchers hope to learn how widely the virus spread and how deadly it really is. Both questions remain unresolved since experts believe at least 25% of those infected never show symptoms. Some of those larger studies are getting started.

For now, FDA Commissioner Dr. Stephen Hahn suggests the blood tests could be used by frontline healthcare workers. For example, a doctor who tests positive for antibodies could be in a safer position to treat COVID-19 patients than a colleague who tests negative.

The FDA has authorized four antibody tests based on preliminary reviews. But more than 90 others have launched without FDA oversight under a federal emergency policy intended to quickly ramp up testing options. Those tests are supposed to bear disclaimers, including that they have not been FDA-approved, though many dont.

Several laboratory and physician groups have called for tighter FDA control.

They have a responsibility to go back, demand more rigorous clinical trials and probably put some guardrails around these tests, said Dr. Gary Procop of the Cleveland Clinic, president of the American Society for Clinical Pathology.

More:
What are the 2 main types of coronavirus testing? - Los Angeles Times

Certain genetic differences might separate people who fall severely ill with COVID-19 from those who contract the infection but hardly develop a cough, a new preliminary study suggests.

The research is still in its early days, though, experts say.

The immune system can react to viruses thanks, in part, to specific genes that help cells spot unfamiliar bugs when they enter the body. The genes, known as human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes, contain instructions to build proteins that bind to bits of a pathogen; those proteins serve as warning flags to alert immune cells. The immune cells, once trained to recognize these bits, jumpstart the process of building antibodies to target and destroy the invasive germ.

Within each individual, HLA genes code for three different classes of proteins; in other words, HLAs come in a variety of flavors, and depending on which HLAs you have, your body may be better or worse equipped to fight off certain germs including SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19.

In a new study, published April 17 in the Journal of Virology, researchers used computer models to predict which combination of HLAs might be best at binding SARS-CoV-2, and which might be worst.

If certain HLAs can bind well to a large proportion of the virus's proteins, "we expect there to be a more protective immune response," authors Abhinav Nellore and Dr. Reid Thompson, who lead a computational biology research group at the Oregon Health and Science University, told Live Science in an email. A better bind means that the viral proteins are more likely to be presented to immune cells and prompt the production of specific antibodies, the authors said.

"If the interaction is not stable, you will not have a proper [immune] response," said Dr. Shokrollah Elahi, an associate professor in the Department of Dentistry and adjunct associate professor in the Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology at the University of Alberta, who was not involved in the study.

Related: 10 deadly diseases that hopped across species

But a stable bond, alone, does not guarantee the best immune response, Elahi added. If an HLA binds a viral protein that happens to be critical for the germ to replicate and survive, the subsequent antibody activity will likely target the virus more effectively than that prompted by a less important protein, Elahi said.

"This is an issue we did not address in our analysis," the authors noted. Instead, the team focused on predicting how well different HLA types could bind to bits of SARS-CoV-2. Their analysis identified six HLA types with a high capacity to bind different SARS-CoV-2 protein sequences, and three with a low capacity to do so. Specifically, a HLA type known as HLA-B*46:01 had the lowest predicted capacity to bind to bits of SARS-CoV-2.

The same HLA type cropped up in a 2003 study published in the journal BMC Medical Genetics, which assessed patients infected with SARS-CoV, a closely related coronavirus that caused an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in the early 2000s. The study found that, in a group of patients of Asian descent, the presence of HLA-B*46:01 was associated with severe cases of the infection. In their paper, the research group noted that more clinical data would be needed to confirm the connection and the same goes for the new study of SARS-CoV-2, Nellore and Thompson said.

"The most substantial limitation of our study is that this was conducted entirely on a computer and did not involve clinical data from COVID-19 patients," the authors said. "Unless and until the findings we present here are clinically validated, they should not be employed for any clinical purposes," they added.

"In the body, we have so many things interacting," Elahi said. HLAs represent just one piece of a large, intricate puzzle that comprises the human immune system, he said. To better understand the variety of immune responses to COVID-19, Elahi and his research group aim to assess markers of immune system activity in infected patients and also catalog the ratio of immune cell types present in their bodies. While taking age, sex and other demographic factors into account, these so-called immunological profiles could help pinpoint when and why the illness takes a turn in some patients.

The clinical data could be assessed in parallel with genetic data gathered from the same patients, Elahi added. Similarly, Nellore and Thompson said that "COVID-19 testing should be paired with HLA typing, wherever [and] whenever possible," to help determine how different HLA types relate to symptom severity, if at all. Partnerships with genetic testing companies, biobanks and organ transplant registries could also offer opportunities to study HLA types in larger populations of people, they said.

"We cannot in good conscience predict at this point who will be more or less susceptible to the virus because we have not analyzed any clinical outcomes data with respect to HLA type to know that any of our predictions are valid," the authors said. If future studies support the notion that some HLA genes protect people from the virus, while others place patients at greater risk, those in the latter group could be first in line for vaccination, they added.

"In addition to prioritizing vaccinating the elderly or those with preexisting conditions, one could prioritize vaccinating people with HLA genotypes that suggest the SARS-CoV-2 virus is more likely to give them worse symptoms."

The authors went on to analyze how well HLAs can bind SARS-CoV-2 as compared with other coronaviruses, such as those that cause the common cold and infect humans often. They identified several viral bits shared between SARS-CoV-2 and at least one of these common viruses, suggesting exposure to one germ could somewhat protect the body against the other.

"If someone was previously exposed to a more common coronavirus and had the right HLA types ... then it is theoretically possible that they could also generate an earlier immune response against the novel SARS-CoV-2," the authors said. On the other hand, exposure to a similar virus could leave the body ill-equipped to fight off the new one, if, for instance, "the body is using an old set of tools that aren't ideally suited to address the new problem," the authors said.

Originally published on Live Science.

Continued here:
Could genetics explain why some COVID-19 patients fare worse than others? - Live Science

LONDON, April 23, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- The advances in genomics and proteomics is a key trend driving the growth of the molecular diagnostics market. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a recent development in genomics and helps in discovering new approaches to molecular diagnosis for disease diagnosis and pathogenesis of diseases. This enables better monitoring and a fast diagnosis, and major organizations are investing to have a competitive edge. Following the trend, Genome Canada, a source of funding for genomics and proteomics, announced plans to invest $16 million between the period April 2015 and March 2017. The growing research in proteomics and genomics will help develop more advanced molecular diagnostic techniques in the forecast period.

The Business Research Company Logo

Read More On The Business Research Company's Molecular Diagnostics Market Report:

https://www.thebusinessresearchcompany.com/report/molecular-diagnostics-market-global-report-2020-covid-19-implications-and-growth

Molecular Diagnostics Market Overview And Segments

Molecular diagnostics is a term used to describe a class of techniques that are used to examine biological markers in the genetic code (genome) of an organism and to determine how their cells express their genes as proteins. The molecular diagnostics market covered in this report is segmented by technology into polymerase chain reaction (PCR), DNA sequencing, and next-generation sequencing. It is also segmented by product into instruments, reagents and consumables, and software & services. By application it is segmented into oncology, pharmacogenomics, infectious diseases, genetic testing, neurological disease, cardiovascular disease, microbiology, and others, and by end-user the market is segmented into hospitals, laboratories, and others (blood banks, home health agencies, and nursing homes).

The Molecular Diagnostics Market Will Reach $12.09 Billion By 2023

The global molecular diagnostics market was worth $8.62 billion in 2019. It is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.82% and reach $12.09 billion by 2023. The global prevalence of infectious diseases and cancers of different forms drives the molecular diagnostics market. The increasing prevalence of infectious diseases and various types of cancer creates a demand for new diagnostic procedures including fast and specific molecular diagnostic tests. According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), in 2018, there were 17.0 million new cancer cases and 9.5 million cancer deaths worldwide, and by 2040, the number is expected to increase to 27.5 million new cancer cases and 16.3 million cancer deaths. The increasing prevalence of cancer globally will increase the demand for molecular diagnostic tests for effective diagnosis of cancer over the coming years, thereby contributing to the growth of the market.

Request A Free Sample Of The Molecular Diagnostics Market Report:

https://www.thebusinessresearchcompany.com/sample.aspx?id=2816&type=smp

Bruker Corporation Acquires Hain Lifescience GmbH

Companies in the molecular diagnostics market invest in mergers and acquisitions to strengthen their businesses. In August 2018, Bruker Corporation, an American based manufacturer of scientific instruments for molecular and materials research announced plans to acquire majority stake in Hain Lifescience GmbH for an undisclosed amount. This acquisition will help Bruker to expand its presence in attractive microbiology and virology infectious disease MDx markets, add tuberculosis and mycobacteria testing, virology, and human genetics MDx, and add a pipeline for multiplex syndromic panel testing to its portfolio. Hain Lifescience GmbH is an infectious disease molecular diagnostics (MDx) specialist and provides solutions for detecting microbial and viral pathogens, antibiotic resistance testing, and human genetic diseases.

Story continues

Major players in the global molecular diagnostics market include Becton, BioMrieux SA., Danaher Corporation, Grifols, Hologic Inc., Novartis AG, QIAGEN, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Abbott, Dickinson and Company, Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., BD, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Johnson & Johnson, Cepheid, Roche Diagnostics, Alere, Bayer AG, Dako, Sysmex Corporation, Agilent Technologies, Diasorin, Illumina, Thermo Fisher Scientific, and Biocartis Group NV.

Here Is A List Of Similar Reports By The Business Research Company:

Sequencing Market By Type (Next Generation Sequencing, Third Generation Sequencing And Sanger Sequencing), By Products (Consumables, Software, Sequencing Services And Instruments), By Regions And By Trends Global Forecast To 2023

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) And Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Testing Global Market Report 2020-30: Covid 19 Implications And Growth

Genomics Market Global Report 2020: Covid 19 Implications And Growth

Interested to know more about The Business Research Company?

The Business Research Company is a market intelligence firm that excels in company, market, and consumer research. Located globally it has specialist consultants in a wide range of industries including manufacturing, healthcare, financial services, chemicals, and technology.

The World's Most Comprehensive Database

The Business Research Company's flagship product, Global Market Model, is a market intelligence platform covering various macroeconomic indicators and metrics across 60 geographies and 27 industries. The Global Market Model covers multi-layered datasets which help its users assess supply-demand gaps.

Contact Information

The Business Research CompanyEurope: +44-207-1930-708Asia: +91-8897263534Americas: +1-315-623-0293Email: info@tbrc.infoFollow us on LinkedIn: https://in.linkedin.com/company/the-business-research-companyFollow us on Twitter: https://twitter.com/tbrc_Info

View original content:http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/advances-in-genomics-and-proteomics-in-the-8-62-billion-molecular-diagnostics-market-301045942.html

SOURCE The Business Research Company

See original here:
Advances in Genomics and Proteomics in the $8.62 Billion Molecular Diagnostics Market - Yahoo Finance

Whether its the southern hospitality or the world-class cuisine, Houston has been attracting the tech worlds top talent for decades. As the home of NASA Mission Control, the city has found itself at the center of space exploration since the beginning, serving as the operational hub of every U.S. human space mission since the launch of Project Gemini. In light of this, its no surprise that aerospace and defense is one of Houstons top tech sectors, with industry giants like Lockheed Martin and Boeing operating throughoutthe city. But perhaps its Houstons energy industry that holds the most economic weight. According to the Greater Houston Partnership, the citys energy sector employs more than 200,000 people across the city, while clean energyin particular boasts more than $3 billion in VC funding.

With its abundance of leading research facilities and rich exploration history, Houston houses one of the nations largest tech communities, which is expected to growover the next several years. In fact, researchers expect to see nearly 9,000 new tech jobs across the city by 2026, according to a 2019 report from CompTIA. In addition to hosting Microsoft, Houstons existing tech ecosystem boasts representation from a wide range of sectors like biotech, IT, energy and aviation. From developing flight tracking systems to uncovering new disease treatments, many of Houstons tech companies are true leaders in their industries, solidifying the Bayou Citys status as a hotbed of innovation and discovery. Heres a look at 25 tech companies in Houston that have helped shape the citys tech landscape.

Founded: 2005

Focus: Aviation + Aerospace

What they do: Founded by Daniel Baker, FlightAware is a flight tracking data company that offers flight tracking services for both private and commercial air traffic. The companysHyperFeed engine integrates data from sources around the world to deliver comprehensive flight tracking information. Leveraging data from air traffic control systems in over 45 countries, FlightAware boasts a terrestrial network of over 20,000 ADS-B ground stations worldwide.

Founded: 2000

Focus: TV Search + Streaming

What they do: SnapStream develops TV software that enables users to record, clip, share and search broadcast TV and monitor their feeds for regulatory compliance. The companys TV search engine can simultaneously record up to 10 TV shows and can store more than 17,000 hours of recordings, giving users the ability to search within recordings and find certain TV content, which they can then download. SnapStream works with a wide range of clients including The Daily Show, Last Week Tonight and the U.S. Senate.

Founded: 1981

Focus: Asset Optimization + Performance Management

What they do: Aspen Technology develops software that helps oil and gas, chemical and engineering companies achieve their goals in safety, sustainability and operational performance. Using advances in AI and machine learning, the company helps fuel clients competitive drive by discovering new possibilities in process modeling, simulation and optimization. Since its inception, the company has raised $100 million in funding in addition to acquiring seven organizations.

Founded: 1985

Focus: Pricing Effectiveness + Revenue Management

What they do: Established by Mariette and Ron Woestemeyer, PROS is dedicated to helping people and companies outperform by enabling smarter selling in the digital economy. The company provides companies with predictive and prescriptive guidance, enabling them to dynamically price, configure and sell their products and services. With offices located worldwide, PROS helps enterprises achieve previously unattainable levels of speed and consistency.

Founded: 1999

Focus: Managed IT Services

What they do: A subsidiary of Ricoh, mindSHIFT Technologies is an IT outsourcing and cloud services provider. Serving businesses of all sizes, the company helps organizations migrate to the cloud while implementing mobility and security. Organizations are granted secure and backed-up data with mindSHIFT Technologies, allowing them to work safely and securely from anywhere.

Founded: 1975

Focus: Business Software + Developer Tools

What they do: Since its inception, Microsoft has evolved into a true tech titan, serving customers worldwide with its software products and services. From Xbox to Office 365, the corporations products are some of the most widely used in the tech world, serving both entertainment and business sectors. In 2016, Microsoft opened its first cloud-based Microsoft Technology Center in Houston, where customers can take part in immersive experiences, proof-of-concept workshops and strategy briefings.

Founded: 1998

Focus: Software Development + IT Services

What they do: Cradle Solution is a software development company that serves clients in various industries. The company offers software-as-a-service for the home healthcare industry in addition to providing technical and executive training and IT governance consulting services for the oil and gas industry. Cradle Solutions offers other customized software tools for companies worldwide.

Founded: 1980

Focus: IT Strategy + Solutions

What they do: Sirius Computer Solutions provides business solutions that span the data center and other lines of business. The company provides a wide range of solutions to help IT professionals cut costs, increase reliability, ease the burden of management, maximize flexibility, mitigate risk and improve service. Sirius Computer Solutions has acquired three organizations since its founding including Forsythe and thinkASG.

Founded: 2001

Focus: Small Business Development + IT Solutions

What they do: Enstep Technology Solutions is a business partner and IT services provider for small and medium-sized businesses. The company is dedicated to helping clients understand why their technology plan isnt working and then provide the means to help them achieve their goals. Enstep Technology Solutions also helps businesses alleviate potential risks like losing data through their backup management services, which includes threat assessment and disaster recovery testing.

Founded: 1902

Focus: Gases + Chemicals

What they do: Headquartered in Paris, France, Air Liquide provides industrial gases, technologies and services to various industries. The company specializes in on-site industrial gas production, advanced precursor materials, gas and chemical management, and analytical and laboratory services. Serving more than 3.6 million customers worldwide, Air Liquide has acquired 43 organizations since its inception including Medidis and DiaLibre.

Founded: 1980

Focus: Cloud Computing + Security Management

What they do: BMC Software is committed to helping clients reinvent their businesses with open, scalable and modular solutions. The companys solutions encompass multi-cloud cost and security management, cloud migration, application performance improvement, big data insights and mainframe cost optimization. BMC Software has several offices located worldwide.

Founded: 2006

Focus: Cell Therapy + Regenerative Medicine

What they do: InGeneron is a clinical-stage cell therapy company that enables novel, safe and evidence-based therapies. The company is dedicated to developing treatments that unlock the healing potential of patients own regenerative cells. InGeneron specializes in helping patients who suffer from chronic pain and other musculoskeletal conditions.

Founded: 1985

Focus: Oil + Energy

What they do: ENGlobal is a specialty engineering services firm that specializes in oil and gas automation solutions and subsea control systems. The company offers a variety of services including advanced automated data gathering systems, IT projects, feasibility studies, cost estimation and environmental compliance. ENGlobal also operates a government services group that offers engineering, design, installation, operations and maintenance support to government facilities.

Founded: 2000

Focus: Genetic Testing

What they do: Gene By Gene is a biotech company that offers affordable genetic testing services. The companys genetic testing services encompass relationship DNA testing, carrier screenings, research genetics, forensics and ancestry DNA testing. Gene By Genes aim is to empower people everywhere to make decisions on their genetic health through affordable, high-quality services.

Founded: 1995

Focus: IT Systems Management

What they do: NetIQ is a global enterprise software company that offers a wide range of solutions. The companys services include identity and access management, security management and data center management. NetIQ is committed to helping organizations tackle information protection challenges and manage highly-distributed application environments.

Founded: 1994

Focus: Biopharmaceuticals

What they do: Founded by Yoseph Shaaltiel, Protalix Biotherapeutics is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company that develops and manufactures recombinant therapeutic proteins. The company specializes in developing complex therapeutic proteins for the treatment of genetic disorders such as Gaucher disease and Fabry disease in addition to advancing additional recombinant biopharmaceutical drug development programs. Since its founding, Protalix Biotherapeutics has raised $62.5 million over four funding rounds.

Founded: 1998

Focus: IT Services

What they do: Cybersoft Technologies is an IT company that focuses on mobile application development and software services. The company offers a wide range of products including PrimeroEdge, which provides software solutions for child nutrition departments in school districts, as well as YottaTime and Attendance, which streamlines the process of employee work hours, overtime and leave management. Cybersoft Technologies works primarily with city agencies, Fortune 500 companies and K-12 school districts across the nation.

Founded: 1919

Focus: Aerospace + Defense

What they do: KBR, Inc. is an engineering, procurement and construction company that provides services and technologies to government and industry clients. Operating across 40 countries, the company offers government solutions that cover the full lifecycle of defense, space and aviation, while their tech solutions encompass equipment, catalysts and digital solutions. Since its inception, KBR, Inc. has acquired 11 organizations such as RRT Global and Honeywell Technology Solutions.

Founded: 1986

Focus: HR Services

What they do: Insperity specializes in delivering human resources solutions that help clients strengthen and streamline their businesses. The company helps organizations manage costs and minimize risks, offering a wide range of services such as HR consulting, accounting and bookkeeping, expense reporting, performance reviews and organizational charting. With more than $4.3 billion in annual revenue, Insperity has 70 offices located across the country.

Founded: 1919

Focus: Oil + Energy

What they do: Halliburton provides products and services to the energy industry. With a focus on sustainability, the company helps its customers maximize value throughout the lifecycle of the reservoir, which includes locating hydrocarbons, managing geological data, drilling and formation evaluation, and well construction and completion. Halliburton works with national and independent oil and natural gas companies across the globe.

Founded: 1852

Focus:Logistics + Cash Handling

What they do: Headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden, Loomis offers solutions for cash handling. The company works primarily with banks, multi-location retailers, stores and other commercial enterprises to offer them efficient management of the physical flow of cash. Loomis operates across 13 countries including the U.S., Norway, Denmark, Austria and Portugal.

Founded: 2007

Focus: Online Document Storage + Secure File Sharing

What they do: Founded by Eric Pulaski, SmartVault has developed a platform that allows accountants and businesses to store, manage and securely share files. The companys platform enables users to create efficient, standardized workflows, automate manual paper-based tasks and eliminate security vulnerabilities. SmartVault integrates with a variety of apps including QuickBooks, DocuSign and TaxCalc.

Founded: 1988

Focus: IT Services

What they do: DataVox is a technology partner that helps organizations design, implement and maintain all aspects of their audio visual, cloud and data center. The company also specializes in cybersecurity, IT support and managed services, network cabling, phone systems, smart building technologies and physical security solutions.

Founded: 2002

Focus: Enterprise Content Management

What they do: Launched by Mike Alsup, Gimmal develops information management software that makes it possible for enterprises to manage information regardless of where it exists. The companys software captures, manages, governs and archives information, enabling businesses to manage the lifecycle of content in SharePoint, Office 365, Box, OneDrive for Business and other platforms. Gimmal is dedicated to helping organizations realize their digital workplace strategies more quickly and connect content with business transactions to improve efficiency and lower costs.

Founded: 2000

Focus: IT Services + Microsoft Consulting

Go here to see the original:
25 Tech Companies In Houston To Know - Built In

Using induced pluripotent stem cells produced from the skin of a patient with a rare, genetic form of insulin-dependent diabetes calledWolfram syndrome, researchers transformed the human stem cells into insulin-producing cells and used the gene-editing tool CRISPR-Cas9 to correct a genetic defect that had caused the syndrome. They then implanted the cells into lab mice and cured the unrelenting diabetes in those mice.

The findings, from researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, suggest the CRISPR-Cas9 technique may hold promise as a treatment for diabetes, particularly the forms caused by a single gene mutation, and it also may be useful one day in some patients with the more common forms of diabetes, such as type 1 and type 2.

The study is published online April 22 in the journal Science Translational Medicine.

Patients with Wolfram syndrome develop diabetes during childhood or adolescence and quickly require insulin-replacement therapy, requiring insulin injections multiple times each day. Most go on to develop problems with vision and balance, as well as other issues, and in many patients, the syndrome contributes to an early death.

This is the first time CRISPR has been used to fix a patients diabetes-causing genetic defect and successfully reverse diabetes, said co-senior investigatorJeffrey R. Millman, PhD, an assistant professor of medicine and of biomedical engineering at Washington University. For this study, we used cells from a patient with Wolfram syndrome because, conceptually, we knew it would be easier to correct a defect caused by a single gene. But we see this as a stepping stone toward applying gene therapy to a broader population of patients with diabetes.

Wolfram syndrome is caused by mutations to a single gene, providing the researchers an opportunity to determine whether combining stem cell technology with CRISPR to correct the genetic error also might correct the diabetes caused by the mutation.

A few years ago, Millman and his colleagues discovered how to convert human stem cells into pancreatic beta cells. When such cells encounter blood sugar, they secrete insulin. Recently, those same researchers developed a new technique to more efficiently convert human stem cells into beta cells that are considerably better at controlling blood sugar.

In this study, they took the additional steps of deriving these cells from patients and using the CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing tool on those cells to correct a mutation to the gene that causes Wolfram syndrome (WFS1). Then, the researchers compared the gene-edited cells to insulin-secreting beta cells from the same batch of stem cells that had not undergone editing with CRISPR.

In the test tube and in mice with a severe form of diabetes, the newly grown beta cells that were edited with CRISPR more efficiently secreted insulin in response to glucose. Diabetes disappeared quickly in mice with the CRISPR-edited cells implanted beneath the skin, and the animals blood sugar levels remained in normal range for the entire six months they were monitored. Animals receiving unedited beta cells remained diabetic. Their newly implanted beta cells could produce insulin, just not enough to reverse their diabetes.

We basically were able to use these cells to cure the problem, making normal beta cells by correcting this mutation, said co-senior investigatorFumihiko Urano, MD, PhD, the Samuel E. Schechter Professor of Medicine and a professor of pathology and immunology. Its a proof of concept demonstrating that correcting gene defects that cause or contribute to diabetes in this case, in the Wolfram syndrome gene we can make beta cells that more effectively control blood sugar. Its also possible that by correcting the genetic defects in these cells, we may correct other problems Wolfram syndrome patients experience, such as visual impairment and neurodegeneration.

In the future, using CRISPR to correct certain mutations in beta cells may help patients whose diabetes is the result of multiple genetic and environmental factors, such as type 1, caused by an autoimmune process that destroys beta cells, and type 2, which is closely linked to obesity and a systemic process called insulin resistance.

Were excited about the fact that we were able to combine these two technologies growing beta cells from induced pluripotent stem cells and using CRISPR to correct genetic defects, Millman said. In fact, we found that corrected beta cells were indistinguishable from beta cells made from the stem cells of healthy people without diabetes.

Moving forward, the process of making beta cells from stem cells should get easier, the researchers said. For example, the scientists have developed less intrusive methods, making induced pluripotent stem cells from blood and they are working on developing stem cells from urine samples.

In the future, Urano said, we may be able to take a few milliliters of urine from a patient, make stem cells that we then can grow into beta cells, correct mutations in those cells with CRISPR, transplant them back into the patient, and cure their diabetes in our clinic. Genetic testing in patients with diabetes will guide us to identify genes that should be corrected, which will lead to a personalized regenerative gene therapy.

Reference:

This article has been republished from the following materials. Note: material may have been edited for length and content. For further information, please contact the cited source.

Read more:
Diabetes Reversed in Mice With CRISPR-Edited Stem Cells From Patients - Technology Networks

Municipalities must reexamine existing pet ordinances as a new state law takes effect.

A recently enacted law in the state of Washington sets a bold new standard for any county or city that restricts specific dog breeds. The state now mandates that if any dogno matter the breedpasses a canine good behavior test, local jurisdictions must exempt that dog from any breed-based regulation or ban.

The state law took effect on January 1, 2020 and has served as a catalyst for municipalities to consider whether regulations targeting specific dog breeds are in the best interest of public safety and fairness. Local governments throughout Washington have responded to the new law either by amending existing breed-based restrictions to create a good behavior exemption, or by abolishing breed regulations altogether.

Breed-specific legislation refers to laws, ordinances, and regulations that impose restrictions or bans on dogs of specific breeds. In the United States and in other countries, some governments completely ban residents from owning specific breeds of dogs. Others allow ownership but impose conditions such as requiring dogs of certain breeds to wear a muzzle in public at all times.

These regulations often target breeds such as American Pit Bull Terriers, Doberman Pinschers, and German Shepherds, as well as any mixed breed dog whose lineage includes a banned breed. And since enforcing a breed-specific regulation often requires animal control officers to identify a dogs breed visuallyrather than through genetic testing or breeding documentsthese laws regularly ensnare dogs that simply resemble a banned breed.

In total, more than 75 breeds are restricted or banned somewhere in the United States. In fact, over 700 jurisdictions in the United States have some form of breed-specific legislation, and federal law also prohibits several dog breeds from living on military bases.

Proponents of breed-specific legislation argue that certain dog breeds are inherently dangerous and that public safety improves when such dogs are not allowed in a community. Dog breed regulations are often enacted in jurisdictions after a dog bite incident receives extensive media coverage, prompting calls for government action against the breed of dog involved.

But opponents of breed-specific legislation maintain that breed bans cause significant negative impacts on good dogs and good people, with no measurable benefit to public safety. The American Kennel Club argues that breed laws are like racial profiling and that all they do is punish responsible dog owners without holding owners of truly dangerous dogs accountable. Owners of banned breeds often must choose between relocating to a different town or getting rid of their dog, increasing the number of dogs surrendered to and eventually euthanized by overcrowded animal shelters.

Instead of focusing on a dogs breed, the American Kennel Club argues that addressing the issue of irresponsible ownership is a much more effective method of animal control. A recent study of fatal dog attacks in the United States found that breed was not a statistically significant factor in dog bite cases. The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) opposes breed bans and states that no convincing data indicates this strategy has succeeded anywhere to date.

Instead, research has identified several owner-related risk factors that do contribute to dog aggression. These include dogs that are not neutered or spayed, have been isolated from positive human contact, or belong to owners with prior incidents of dog mismanagement, neglect, or abuse. When even one of these risk factors is present, fatal dog attacks are more likely to occur regardless of breed. When more than one risk factor is present, the likelihood of dog aggression further increases.

Organizations like the ASPCA and the American Kennel Club advocate public safety laws promoting responsible dog ownershipsuch as enhanced animal cruelty and fighting laws, licensing laws with a surcharge for unaltered pets, and low-cost spay and neuter programs. These groups favor regulations that clearly define dangerous behavior in all breeds and establish a fair process to determine whether a particular dog is dangerous.

In response to growing opposition to breed-specific legislation, the Washington state legislature passed House Bill 1026 last year, mandating that any local ordinance imposing breed-based requirements must include an exemption for dogs that pass the American Kennel Club canine good citizen test or an equivalent dog behavior test. The state law is similar to a previously existing regulation in the city of Omaha, Nebraska, which includes an exemption for well-behaved dogs in its breed-specific legislation. These types of regulations may not completely satisfy advocates on either side of the debate over dog-related risks, but they do reflect a balance between the authority of local governments and the individual rights of responsible dog owners.

Original post:
Rethinking the Regulation of Dog Breeds - The Regulatory Review

COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. The outbreak of COVID-19 started in December 2019 with the first case reported in China. The World Health Organization (WHO) recognized the outbreak of COVID-19 as a pandemic on 11 March 2020. By April 2020, there are over 2 million confirmed cases, and it has brought the economies of many countries to a halt.

Diagnostic testing is possibly the only efficient way to monitor the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 in time and space, enabling policymakers and healthcare workers to track and mitigate the outbreak of COVID-19. The WHO has appealed for global mass testing. The demand for COVID-19 testing is estimated to be over 600 million tests, including 120 million genetic tests and over 500 million rapid tests.

Molecules derived from the virusnucleic acids like RNA or DNA, or proteinsform the basis of diagnostics, as well as being essential for developing new therapies and vaccines. Depending on the target biomarkers, the diagnostic methods can be separated into two categories: genetic testing (detecting the viral genome) and serological & antigenic testing (detecting antibodies and viral antigens, respectively). From the technological perspective, molecular diagnostics (MDx) and lateral flow assays (LAFs) dominate COVID-19 diagnostics. The gold standard used across clinical laboratories is quantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPT-PCR, MDx), which requires a central lab setting. Such qRT-PCR testing lasts for more than 2 hours and the sample shipment cost up to several days. With the demand for quicker tests at community settings, the market is moving into point-of-care (POC) devices, including POC MDx and POC LFAs.

All molecular diagnostics tests detecting viral genomes share three common steps: sample collection from Nasopharyngeal swab and extraction of viral RNA, amplification of the analyte and read-out. The amplification step is performed reliably by RT-PCR. However, alternatives that do not require expensive and bulky equipment exist, i.e. isothermal amplification. This approach, although less sensitive than PCR, allows for a quicker amplification step at a constant temperature.

The read-out of the amplified signal is normally achieved through fluorescence probes in the sample and detectors in qRT-PCR devices. Many companies have resorted to lateral flow assays and alternative read-out methods that require proprietary detection equipment. These "hybrid systems" benefit from the high specificity and sensitivity of MDx and the speed and low cost of LFAs.

Apart from genetic testing, antigenic tests and serological tests, so-called rapid tests, are also becoming central tools in the fight against the pandemic. Both types of immunoassays rely on antibody-antigen recognition. Antigen tests are able to detect the presence of viral proteins in the blood sample. On the other hand, antibody tests detect the presence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, which are normally present in the blood sample after 7 days of infection and may remain for months or years. Antibody tests are an important tool to assess the extent of the pandemic and to identify the real number of cases and level of immunization in a population.

Rapid tests have been developed using lateral flow assay technology. LFAs tests are usually much faster and cheaper than qRT-PCR tests. It does not need expensive and large equipment. Therefore, it can be suitable for home testing and is the preferred choice for many governments to guide their response to the pandemic. However, their sensitivity and specificity can be far from ideal, as these tests lack a step of signal amplification, as opposed to qRT-PCR. Therefore, they measure directly the viral load or the antibody concentration. Such tests require extensive validation before widespread deployment.

Table 1: comparison of different commercial COVID-19 test devices, including quantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPT-PCR, genetic testing, using PCR amplification and fluorescent detection), point-of-care molecular diagnostics (POC MDx, genetic testing, using both PCR or isothermal amplification), lateral flow assays (LFAs, immunoassays, no amplification steps, using colorimetric or fluorescent method for detection), and Hybrid systems (genetic testing, using eight PCR amplification or isothermal amplification, and LFAs or other method for detection).

Apart from the effort from biotech, multiple software companies have developed algorithms to identify signs of COVID-19-related pneumonia in patient scans. CT imaging is an effective way of detecting abnormalities indicative of COVID-19, and image recognition AI algorithms have the potential to detect these abnormalities faster and more efficiently than radiologists.

Go here to read the rest:
COVID-19 Diagnostics: Technologies, Players and Trends - IDTechEx.com

Updated April 23, 2020 20:02:27

Australia's Chief Medical Officer says a coronavirus cluster in Tasmania's north-west was likely sparked by a passenger from the Ruby Princess cruise ship.

Tasmania has 205 confirmed coronavirus cases, 131 of which are in the north-west, and health authorities confirmed late on Thursday night that no new cases were recorded in the 24 hours since 6:00pm on Wednesday night.

Chief Medical Officer Brendan Murphy previously came under fire for his comments that north-west healthcare workers had attended an "illegal dinner party" together, a claim rebuked by Tasmania's Premier as a "rumour".

Speaking on Thursday to a Senate committee examining Australia's COVID-19 response, Professor Murphy said the Tasmanian cluster was "a very good example of just how infectious this virus is".

"Tasmanian Health have been investigating it, obviously, and I haven't seen the final report, but it seems likely that healthcare workers picked up the virus probably from a Ruby Princess passenger who was being cared for," he said.

"It just shows once you have someone who is infected who might not know they're infected, they can spread it to a lot of other people before anyone knows."

Tasmania's Director of Public Health Dr Mark Veitch has previously said two Ruby Princess passengers who died at the North West Regional Hospital were considered potential sources of the outbreak.

However, he said investigators would wait for the results of genetic testing of the virus strain involved in the outbreak before making their conclusions.

An interim report on the outbreak is expected to be handed to the Tasmanian Government within days.

More than 10 per cent of Australia's coronavirus cases have been linked to the Ruby Princess, which docked in Sydney on March 19.

Meanwhile, the Tasmanian Government has warned north-west residents the additional coronavirus restrictions placed on the area may not be lifted as soon as hoped.

The increased restrictions, which saw non-essential retailers such as Harvey Norman, Kmart and Target shut down, are due to expire on Sunday evening.

Testing criteria are different for north-west residents.

Need an interpreter?Phone the Translating and Interpreting Service on 131 450 and tell them your language.

For more information and factsheets:Visit the Tasmanian Government's coronavirus page here.

Premier Peter Gutwein said he wanted north-west residents to be ready for the possibility they may be extended.

"[Lifting restrictions] may not occur for another week," he said.

"No final decision has been made yet, but I think it's important that people start thinking about what their circumstances will be should those restrictions not be lifted.

"I specifically want north-west parents to begin thinking about how they might manage their children next week if they are at home because if we aren't able [to lift restrictions] obviously schools may not be able to open across the north-west as previously planned," he said.

Mr Gutwein said the "plan had worked so far, however four additional cases [confirmed last night] is four additional positive tests too many".

"We do need to ensure that we work through this sensibly and not lift those restrictions too early," he said.

"However later today I'll be taking advice from public health and we'll be working through the scenarios planning in terms of the way forward and a final view will be formed later this afternoon based on that advice."

An announcement on those restrictions is expected tomorrow.

The Premier also urged Tasmanians in the north and the south of the state to remain vigilant.

"The response to date in terms of our actions has meant that we haven't seen cases [in the north and south] for some time, but it's important that people continue to follow the rules," he said.

"This is not a game, this is serious, at the end of the day this virus kills people."

It has been a week since the last case in the south and the north has not seen a case since April 4.

Despite this, Health Minister Sarah Courtney said there were plans to expand testing criteria in the north and the south.

"We are looking to further expand our testing criteria for those regions in coming days to people in those areas that area also experiencing respiratory symptoms," she said.

"We'll be writing to GPs today around the expanded guidelines so if you are in the north or south, please be aware of your symptoms."

Of Tasmania's 205 coronavirus cases, 91 have recovered.

Topics:health,diseases-and-disorders,covid-19,epidemics-and-pandemics,tas,launceston-7250,hobart-7000

First posted April 23, 2020 12:46:28

Read the original:
No new cases of coronavirus for Tasmania, as north-west cluster blamed on Ruby Princess - ABC Local

Before the COVID-19 pandemic, way back in the 1300s, there was a pestilence known as the Black Death, also called bubonic plague.

Estimated to have killed millions during several outbreaks, the bubonic plague is caused by a bacteria known as Yersinia pestis.

Although the new coronavirus pandemic has captured headlines and attention around the world over the past two months, bubonic plague has once again reared its head, this time in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. Recently published research by Mark Elbrock and his associates showed 47% of the 17 cougars that were captured and had their blood drawn in the southern GYE tested positive for exposure to the plague.

This suggests that: (1) Y. pestis may be present at higher levels in the GYE than previously assumed, Elbrock wrote in the Cambridge University Press, noting that the disease was also found in four of 11 mountain lions that were necropsied. His co-authors were Winston Vickers and Howard Quigley.

Earlier sample

The study is not the first time that exposure to Y. pestis has been found in Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem cougars. In 2006 a study co-authored by Roman Biek and Toni Ruth, along with others, tested blood from 150 cougars collected over 15 years and found relatively low exposure to the bacteria less than 20%.

Ruth also found Yellowstone cougars in 2004 and 2005 that had succumbed to bubonic plague. When captured in the winter they were infested with fleas. The animals died in the following summer.

Its a relatively common bacteria found in wildlife, more so in southern drier areas, said Dan Stahler, leader of the Yellowstone National Park Cougar Project.

The bacteria is commonly transmitted by fleas that infest rodents, everything from mice to ground squirrels. The cougars, along with other predators like coyotes, are exposed to the virus when they catch and eat infected animals.

However, felines including bobcats and lynx seem to be more susceptible to Y. pestis than canines, Stahler said. For some reason bears appear impervious to such infections, he added.

Being aware of contagions is why Stahler and his team approach any dead animal cautiously while conducting wildlife research.

Precautions

Anyone in contact with animals needs to have such diseases at the forefront of their mind, he said.

Not to be fearful, or to panic, but its important to screen for it and be careful of it," he said.

In humans, bubonic plague causes enlarged lymph nodes in the armpits, groin and neck. It can also be accompanied by fever and muscle aches, along with other flu-like symptoms. Unlike COVID-19, it cant be transmitted from an infected person to others via respiratory droplets. Luckily, bubonic plague is also easily treated with a vaccine if caught soon enough.

According to Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks website, detailed data on the distribution of plague in wildlife in Montana is not available, although it is believed to be present throughout the state. The most recent human case of plague in Montana was in 1992 when a hunter contracted the disease from a bobcat. In 1987, a hunter was infected after skinning an infected antelope.

Across the United States only about seven people a year are infected, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. More prevalent in the Southwest, the United States saw spikes in human infections in 2006 and 2015, according to the CDC.

Ferrets

Prairie dogs are another species that is often infected by bubonic plague. In trying to reintroduce black-footed ferrets across the West, outbreaks of plague have repeatedly frustrated scientists' efforts. Prairie dogs are the main food source for the ferrets, which also use the rodents dens as their living quarters.

The incidence of plague seems to increase in years with cooler summers that follow wet winters, Stahler said, possibly because those conditions are more conducive to flea survival.

Study

Yellowstone National Parks cougar study continued this winter with the capture of seven cougars. Eight of the big cats are now wearing GPS collars allowing researchers to track their movements.

Soon-to-be published research based on a graduate students work on non-invasive genetic testing, like hair samples, is being used to provide insight to the parks cougar population. Stahler said the work shows that in the Northern Range of the park which includes the Lamar Valley there are about 35 to 45 cougars, a robust population.

The research team also continues to collect data via remote camera traps, which also will help with population estimates of the secretive animals. At one elk calf carcass five different lions were photographed feeding over several days.

We had one cool trigger where a mule deer went racing by and was then followed by a cougar, Stahler said.

Another series showed a whitetail deer racing past a camera near Hellroaring Creek, soon followed by a wolf. The wolf later walked back past the camera looking dejected.

Unfortunately the parks winter predator study was cut short in mid-March due to the coronavirus pandemic, Stahler said. Yellowstone National Park was closed to the public on March 23.

We decided to get our people home safely, he said.

More:
Tale of bubonic plague in pumas revived by southern Yellowstone study - Walla Walla Union-Bulletin

Analysis of the Global Predictive Genetic Testing And Consumer/Wellness Genomics Market

The report on the global Predictive Genetic Testing And Consumer/Wellness Genomics market reveals that the market is expected to grow at a CAGR of ~XX% during the considered forecast period (2019-2029) and estimated to reach a value of ~US$XX by the end of 2029. The latest report is a valuable tool for stakeholders, established market players, emerging players, and other entities to devise effective strategies to combat the impact of COVID-19

Further, by leveraging the insights enclosed in the report, market players can devise concise, impactful, and highly effective growth strategies to solidify their position in the Predictive Genetic Testing And Consumer/Wellness Genomics market.

Research on the Predictive Genetic Testing And Consumer/Wellness Genomics Market Addresses the Following Queries

Request Sample Report @ https://www.marketresearchhub.com/enquiry.php?type=S&repid=2541586&source=atm

Competitive Landscape

The competitive landscape section offers valuable insights related to the business prospects of leading market players operating in the Predictive Genetic Testing And Consumer/Wellness Genomics market. The market share, product portfolio, pricing strategy, and growth strategies adopted by each market player is included in the report. The major steps taken by key players to address the business challenges put forward by the novel COVID-19 pandemic is discussed in the report.

Regional Landscape

The regional landscape section provides a deep understanding of the regulatory framework, current market trends, opportunities, and challenges faced by market players in each regional market. The various regions covered in the report include:

End-User Assessment

The report bifurcates the Predictive Genetic Testing And Consumer/Wellness Genomics market based on different end users. The supply-demand ratio and consumption volume of each end-user is accurately depicted in the report.

The following manufacturers are covered:IlluminaBGIGenesis GeneticsMyriad Genetics23andMe, IncColor Genomics IncPathway GenomicsARUP Laboratories

Segment by RegionsNorth AmericaEuropeChinaJapanSoutheast AsiaIndia

Segment by TypePredictive TestingConsumer GenomicsWellness Genomics

Segment by ApplicationBreast & Ovarian CancerCardiovascular screeningDiabetic Screening & MonitoringColon CancerOther

Make An EnquiryAbout This Report @ https://www.marketresearchhub.com/enquiry.php?type=E&repid=2541586&source=atm

Essential Findings of the Predictive Genetic Testing And Consumer/Wellness Genomics Market Report:

You can Buy This Report from Here @ https://www.marketresearchhub.com/checkout?rep_id=2541586&licType=S&source=atm

Read this article:
Coronavirus business impact: Predictive Genetic Testing And Consumer/Wellness Genomics Market Size, Trends, Analysis, Regional Demand, Leading Players...

Progenesis

Preimplantation Genetic Testing Market: Competitive Landscape

The last chapter of the Preimplantation Genetic Testing market research report focuses exclusively on the competitive landscape. It examines the main market players. In addition to a brief overview of the business, analysts provide information on their assessment and development. The list of important products in preparation is also mentioned. The competitive landscape is analyzed by understanding the companies strategies and the initiatives they have taken in recent years to overcome intense competition.

Preimplantation Genetic Testing Market: Drivers and Restraints

The report explains the drivers of the future of the Preimplantation Genetic Testing market. It assesses the different forces which should have a positive impact on the whole market. Analysts have looked at investments in research and development for products and technologies, which should give players a significant boost. In addition, the researchers undertook an analysis of the evolution of consumer behavior which should have an impact on the cycles of supply and demand in the Preimplantation Genetic Testing market. In this research report, changes in per capita income, improvement in the economic situation and emerging trends were examined.

The research report also explains the potential restrictions on the Preimplantation Genetic Testing market. The aspects assessed are likely to hamper market growth in the near future. In addition to this assessment, it offers a list of opportunities that could prove lucrative for the entire market. Analysts offer solutions to turn threats and restrictions into successful opportunities in the years to come.

Preimplantation Genetic Testing Market: Regional Segmentation

In the following chapters, analysts have examined the regional segments of the Preimplantation Genetic Testing market. This gives readers a deeper insight into the global market and allows for a closer look at the elements that could determine its evolution. Countless regional aspects, such as the effects of culture, environment and government policies, which affect regional markets are highlighted.

Ask for Discount @ https://www.verifiedmarketresearch.com/ask-for-discount/?rid=24037&utm_source=COD&utm_medium=007

What will the report contain?

Market Dynamics: The report contains important information on influencing factors, market drivers, challenges, opportunities and market trends as part of the market dynamics.

Global Market Forecast: Readers receive production and sales forecasts for the Preimplantation Genetic Testing market, production and consumption forecasts for regional markets, production, sales and price forecasts for the Preimplantation Genetic Testing market by type and consumption forecasts for the Preimplantation Genetic Testing market per application.

Regional Market Analysis: It can be divided into two different sections: one for the analysis of regional production and one for the analysis of regional consumption. Here, analysts share gross margin, prices, sales, production, CAGR, and other factors that indicate the growth of all regional markets examined in the report.

Market Competition: In this section, the report provides information on the situation and trends of competition, including mergers and acquisitions and expansion, the market shares of the three or five main players and the concentration of the market. Readers could also get the production, revenue, and average price shares of manufacturers.

Key Players: The report provides company profiles for a decent number of leading players in the Preimplantation Genetic Testing market. It shows your current and future market growth taking into account price, gross margin, income, production, service areas, production locations and other factors.

Complete Report is Available @ https://www.verifiedmarketresearch.com/product/Preimplantation-Genetic-Testing-Market/?utm_source=COD&utm_medium=007

We also offer customization on reports based on specific client requirement:

1- Free country level analysis for any 5 countries of your choice.

2- Free Competitive analysis of any market players.

3- Free 40 analyst hours to cover any other data points

About us:

Verified market research partners with the customer and offer an insight into strategic and growth analyzes, Data necessary to achieve corporate goals and objectives. Our core values are trust, integrity and authenticity for our customers.

Analysts with a high level of expertise in data collection and governance use industrial techniques to collect and analyze data in all phases. Our analysts are trained to combine modern data collection techniques, superior research methodology, expertise and years of collective experience to produce informative and accurate research reports.

Contact us:

Mr. Edwyne FernandesCall: +1 (650) 781 4080Email: [emailprotected]

Get Our Trending Report

Reinforcing Steels Market Size, Growth Analysis, Opportunities, Business Outlook and Forecast to 2026

Tags: Preimplantation Genetic Testing Market Size, Preimplantation Genetic Testing Market Trends, Preimplantation Genetic Testing Market Forecast, Preimplantation Genetic Testing Market Growth, Preimplantation Genetic Testing Market Analysis

More here:
Preimplantation Genetic Testing Market 2020 Break Down by Top Companies, Applications, Challenges, Opportunities and Forecast 2026 Cole Reports -...

BOSTON, April 17, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. The outbreak of COVID-19 started in December 2019 with the first case reported in China. The World Health Organization (WHO) recognized the outbreak of COVID-19 as a pandemic on 11 March 2020. By April 2020, there are over 2 million confirmed cases, and it has brought the economies of many countries to a halt.

Diagnostic testing is possibly the only efficient way to monitor the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 in time and space, enabling policymakers and healthcare workers to track and mitigate the outbreak of COVID-19. The WHO has appealed for global mass testing. The demand for COVID-19 testing is estimated to be over 600 million tests, including 120 million genetic tests and over 500 million rapid tests.

The need for universal and massive testing across the population has led to a race for technology innovations for COVID-19 diagnostics. The new IDTechEx report, "COVID-19 Diagnostics", surveys the technology landscape, with an in-depth analysis of the technology innovations that are enabling quick access to COVID-19 diagnosis in response to the global pandemic.

Molecules derived from the virusnucleic acids like RNA or DNA, or proteinsform the basis of diagnostics, as well as being essential for developing new therapies and vaccines. Depending on the target biomarkers, the diagnostic methods can be separated into two categories: genetic testing (detecting the viral genome) and serological & antigenic testing (detecting antibodies and viral antigens, respectively). From the technological perspective, molecular diagnostics (MDx) and lateral flow assays (LAFs) dominate COVID-19 diagnostics. The gold standard used across clinical laboratories is quantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPT-PCR, MDx), which requires a central lab setting. Such qRT-PCR testing lasts for more than 2 hours and the sample shipment cost up to several days. With the demand for quicker tests at community settings, the market is moving into point-of-care (POC) devices, including POC MDx and POC LFAs.

Story continues

All molecular diagnostics tests detecting viral genomes share three common steps: sample collection from Nasopharyngeal swab and extraction of viral RNA, amplification of the analyte and read-out. The amplification step is performed reliably by RT-PCR. However, alternatives that do not require expensive and bulky equipment exist, i.e. isothermal amplification. This approach, although less sensitive than PCR, allows for a quicker amplification step at a constant temperature.

The read-out of the amplified signal is normally achieved through fluorescence probes in the sample and detectors in qRT-PCR devices. Many companies have resorted to lateral flow assays and alternative read-out methods that require proprietary detection equipment. These "hybrid systems" benefit from the high specificity and sensitivity of MDx and the speed and low cost of LFAs.

The new IDTechEx report, "COVID-19 Diagnostics", identifies key innovations and technology trends currently being developed in the diagnostics ecosystem that will enable quick and sensitive diagnosis of COVID-19 at point-of-care settings.

Apart from genetic testing, antigenic tests and serological tests, so-called rapid tests, are also becoming central tools in the fight against the pandemic. Both types of immunoassays rely on antibody-antigen recognition. Antigen tests are able to detect the presence of viral proteins in the blood sample. On the other hand, antibody tests detect the presence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, which are normally present in the blood sample after 7 days of infection and may remain for months or years. Antibody tests are an important tool to assess the extent of the pandemic and to identify the real number of cases and level of immunization in a population.

Rapid tests have been developed using lateral flow assay technology. LFAs tests are usually much faster and cheaper than qRT-PCR tests. It does not need expensive and large equipment. Therefore, it can be suitable for home testing and is the preferred choice for many governments to guide their response to the pandemic. However, their sensitivity and specificity can be far from ideal, as these tests lack a step of signal amplification, as opposed to qRT-PCR. Therefore, they measure directly the viral load or the antibody concentration. Such tests require extensive validation before widespread deployment.

Apart from the effort from biotech, multiple software companies have developed algorithms to identify signs of COVID-19-related pneumonia in patient scans. CT imaging is an effective way of detecting abnormalities indicative of COVID-19, and image recognition AI algorithms have the potential to detect these abnormalities faster and more efficiently than radiologists.

The new IDTechEx report, "COVID-19 Diagnostics", benchmarked more than 100 commercial devices across various technologies, providing a deep insight into the technology trends and biotech innovations surrounding the COVID-19 global response. For more information on this report, please visit http://www.IDTechEx.com/COVID.

IDTechEx guides your strategic business decisions through its Research, Consultancy and Event products, helping you profit from emerging technologies. For more information on IDTechEx Research and Consultancy, contact research@IDTechEx.com or visit http://www.IDTechEx.com.

Media Contact:Jessica AbineriMarketing Coordinator press@IDTechEx.com+44-(0)-1223-812300

View original content to download multimedia:http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/new-idtechex-report-on-covid-19-diagnostics-technologies-players-and-trends-301042873.html

SOURCE IDTechEx

See more here:
New IDTechEx Report on COVID-19 Diagnostics: Technologies, Players and Trends - Yahoo News

Provincial health offier Dr. Bonnie Henry says a new type of COVID-19 testing will soon help British Columbians better understand the true depth of infection in the community, as well as whether having had the disease leaves a patient with immunity.

So far, B.C., along with most of the world, has basically relied on genetic testing that detects whether the virus itself is in a patient, but soon testing will begin to detect whether a person has antibodies produced in reaction toSARS-CoV-2.

"Serology [testing] is a way of looking back and saying 'OK, how many people actually did get infected?' and giving us a better sense of the truenumbers in the province," said Henry on Friday.

She said, so far, testing hasn't been done on everyone who has shown signs and symptoms of COVID-19, the disease caused by the virus, because the focus has been on clusters of infection and people more likely to catch the disease and wind up in the health-care system.

"Serology testing will be an important part of our future," said Henry, adding that she expects it to start in the coming weeks before the province begins reducing restrictions to allow somebusiness and postponed medical procedures to resume.

She said a sample of the community can be tested to see how many people actually had COVID-19 perhaps they weren't prioritized for testing or perhaps they never showed symptoms and thought to get testing.

Henry said serology testing can also help us understand whether infected people who have recovered have become immune to the virus something she says health officials believe is the case.

"We can do testing on our health-care workers, for example, to give them confidence around being able to care for people with COVID-19," she said.

Henry also said if COVID-19 cases arise in a few months, serology testing could help us understand where unrecognized transmission had taken place, making it easier for public health officials to contain and prevent further transmission.

Visit link:
Serology testing expected to shed new light on extent of COVID-19 infections in B.C. - CBC.ca

In the early 1980s, a deadly epidemic was gaining momentum. Caused by a virus dubbed HIV, AIDs has infected and killed millions of people around the world. But not everyone who was exposed to HIV got sick. In the mid-90s, researchers found that a variation of a gene called CCR5 made some people resistant to the virus.

When it comes to how viral infections interact with our bodies, genes matter.

Now, scientists are turning to DNA to solve a mystery at the heart of the Covid-19 pandemic. Why do some young and otherwise healthy people get gravely ill, while others have only mild symptoms or no symptoms at all? Might the answer be in our genes?

A host of studies aims to tap the genetic information of thousands of people to find out.

Itll take time to tease answers from the data, and the story will have to account for the complicated dance of genes, body, environment, and behavior. But scientists hope new discoveries can help us identify those most at riskeven if they dont seem itbetter trace the diseases course in the body, and hopefully, more effectively treat patients.

From the earliest days of the pandemic, reports have noted Covid-19 was most severe for the elderly and ill. The CDC says theres still not enough information to fully outline risk factors. But older people with pre-existing health conditions, including asthma and lung disease, cardiac disease, diabetes, and immune conditions are most at risk.

In the general population, however, theres a wide range of how sick people get.

There are accounts of young and seemingly healthy people admitted to the ICU, while othersscientists dont know how many yethave no symptoms at all. Theres even some variation between the extremes. Some people get moderately sick with a dry cough, fever, fatigue, and shortness of breath. Some lose their sense of taste. Others have diarrhea.

Epidemiologists are already digging through a trove of information to better understand the disease. How do demographics, behavior, medications, or availability of care affect outcomes? Answers to these questions will likely be most helpful in coming weeks and months, just as soap, water, communication, and planning are our most effective short-term weapons for halting its spread.

New capabilitiesmaybe for this pandemic, maybe the next oneare emerging too though. While studies into how genes bend the course of a disease would have once taken years, were nearing a time when they can yield answers faster to bring more targeted care.

But first, how might DNA play a role in how sick Covid-19 makes people?

Viruses break into our cells and commandeer cellular machinery to reproduce. Like a thief whos copied the key to your front door, they carry proteins that fit complementary receptor proteins on a cells surface. If theres a match, presto, theyre in.

The CCR5 mutation, for example, codes for a variant of the surface protein HIV uses to invade immune cells. As the key no longer fits the lock, the virus is left out in the cold. Unable to replicate on its own, it cant spread. The would-be invasion hits a wall.

The virus behind Covid-19 also uses a protein receptor, ACE2, to enter respiratory cells. It may be that some peoples genes produce protein locks that are harder for Covid-19 to pick, or that regulatory genes are slowing the production of ACE2. Depending on our DNA, then, some of us may have cells that are more open to infectionand so suffer more serious illnesswhile others offer fewer viral targets and escape relatively unscathed.

Another possibility is that genetic variants are tuning our immune systems differently. Perhaps its a combination, or some other cog in the machine still waiting to be discovered.

At the moment, we just dont know.

Mainstream genetic testing and whole genome sequencing are tools we havent had in the past. Not long ago, DNA testing kits for ancestry or general health were some of the most popular holiday gifts. Meanwhile, the cost of sequencing a whole human genome has been at or under $1,000 for years, leading to a number of very large sequencing projects.

In the former case, companies like 23andMe have assembled huge DNA databases. Though such tests look at only a fraction of a genomeusing a process called genotyping23andMe has the genetic data of over 10 million people on file. Eighty percent of these have authorized the company to use their data for research, and to that end, they recently sent customers a survey to collect information for a potential Covid-19 study.

If they get enough responses, theyll combine survey answers with each persons genetic profile and conduct a genome-wide association study to link genetic similarities and differences to particular traits and outcomes. This approach would most likely find common gene variants shared by many people, but it may miss less common variants that more complete gene sequences would capture. And such rarities may be key, according to Stephen Chapman, a University of Oxford respiratory physician and researcher.

This is where collections of more complete genomic data may prove powerful.

Many such studies already exist, and new ones are popping up. To gather the work under one banner, the University of Helsinkis Andrea Ganna and Mark Daly started the Covid-19 Host Genetics Initiative. Over 100 studies are participating in the project, according to their site, and a dozen large biobanks have shown interest.

There are long-standing studies, involving hundreds of thousands of people, and other smaller ones collecting data on patients who test positive, Ganna told the BBC. Its such a huge diversity and there are a lot of countries involved, and we will try to centralize it.

The UK Biobank is an example of one of those bigger existing studies.

The biobank has biological samples and health information for 500,000 people and plans to collect and add Covid-19 information to the database. Over 15,000 scientists have access to the data. Similarly, DeCODE Genetics, an Icelandic company, has the genetic and health data of over half of Icelands population and is also testing people for Covid-19.

The Personal Genome Project, founded in 2005 by Harvards George Church, is hoping to add Covid-19 data from thousands of participants to its database too. And a team led by Jean-Laurent Casanova, a Rockefeller University professor, will tap sequencing hubs around the world to record the genomes of young, healthy patients sent to the ICU with Covid-19.

Its unclear what these projects will find, or how long it will take. What is clear is that large collections of genetic and health information are making it possible to quickly begin serious genetic studies of the diseasesometimes with little more needed than a new survey.

Scientists have never so willingly shared information or singularly focused on one problem. Add to that a flood of clinical and scientific information gathering and a digital highway to deliver it worldwide, and you have the recipe for scientific collaboration of epic proportions.

Well know more tomorrow, in two weeks, and in two months than we do today. Faced with so much uncertainty, thats a hopeful thought.

Image Credit: Fusion Medical Animation /Unsplash

Go here to see the original:
Is the Reason Coronavirus Seriously Sickens Some and Spares Others in Our Genes? - Singularity Hub

Even before Texas first case of the novel coronavirus landed in March in Fort Bend County, Mrudula Rakhade was preparing how her clinical laboratory in a northwest Houston business park could accommodate the testing to come.

Anticipating the need in February to test for the rapidly-spreading virus back when international travel was the leading source Rakhade took the lead in ordering COVID-19 supplies for Altru Diagnostics, where she works as the chief scientific officer. She also made the lab one of the few statewide to be registered with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to identify positive traces of the virus.

By the time her boss of two years, Dr. Jesse Howard, suggested the lab take on COVID-19 testing in March she had news for him.

I told him, Youre going to get COVID testing in a week because I had already been working on it, Rakhade proudly said.

As Howard, who opened the lab with his late father in 2016, walked by her office Monday afternoon, he said I trust her blindly.

CORONAVIRUS UPDATES: Stay informed with accurate reporting you can trust

Now, the 25-employee operation off the Katy Freeway is analyzing more than 1,000 specimens a day, mostly for local medical providers, including four United Memorial Medical Center drive thru-testing sites. Increases in testing have doubled the number of specimens they started with on March 19. Since then, they have analyzed an estimated 20,000 tests or more, Howard said.

Rakhade and her team of molecular technologists are pulling 12-hour shifts in cramped rooms to meet the growing demand. Social distancing is not an option. Some workers wear N-95 masks, while others, like Rakhade, choose at times not to.

I havent gotten anything yet, she said, adding that employees are tested every week for the novel coronavirus out of precaution. We dont go and touch anything without gloves on.

A meticulous assembly line starts the moment a courier arrives and couriers with coolers packed with tests routinely pop into the lab.

Specimens are packed into one-time use plastic plates designed to hold 96 biological samples which are then injected with a magnetic solution to isolate any trace of the coronavirus ribonucleic acid, also known as RNA.

Another machine identifies how much novel coronavirus if any is in a sample, using a predetermined range for a positive result. A lower range of a positive could mean the nasal swab was not administered properly.

Some people dont go that deep, she said.

Undetermined values mean the sample is negative.

For each batch, the process can take up to four hours. As of Monday, the turnaround time, which includes contacting patients with their results, can be anywhere from 24 to 48 hours.

It is difficult to fulfill everyones expectations at this point, she continued.

And then the patients themselves start calling.

We just have to be patient with them, Rakhade said. Sometimes they get frustrated wondering why their results are not yet in. What can I do, they ask. Im quarantined.

CORONAVIRUS IN HOUSTON: All of the latest news, numbers and analysis to keep you up-to-date, only on HoustonChronicle.com

On Sunday, for the first time in a month, Rakhade took the day off.

Up until then, she had spent several sleepless nights at the lab. She worked exhaustively in mid-March to finalize their COVID-19 certification with a positive patient sample supplied by the Centers for Disease Control to base their review.

I stayed up two nights continuously getting that done, Rakhade said. The night before I finished, we went home around 2 a.m. and I came back at 6 a.m. to finish.

During their research for certification, the lab stumbled across what appeared to be Laredos first case, she said. Without federal registration, which she finalized on March 18, the lab was unable to consider it official and recommended the patient an elementary school teacher be retested. According to Laredo officials, the San Antonio Metro Laboratory handled her test and her case was confirmed on March 17. Two days later, Altru Diagnostics first official positive arrived amid an estimated batch of 500 samples. That lone specimen was followed by about three more positives.

It was very rare to see a positive. It had just started, Rakhade said. After that it became routine because we had been testing so many samples.

Despite all her preparation, the lab ran into a similar problem plaguing hospitals and the Houston and Harris County-operated drive-thru testing sites: supply shortages.

On Friday, the lab used up all its plastic plates designed to hold COVID-19 samples. The plates can only be used once and the manufacturer was also out.

Rakhade resorted to old-school bartering to get what they needed. Another lab in Houston, which does not do COVID-19 testing, had a stash of unused plates. And she had what they needed micro fluiditcs chips for genetic testing.

All the manufacturers are focusing on COVID-19 supplies, she said. They needed something they couldnt get because its not COVID-19.

nicole.hensley@chron.com

Read more:
Inside the Houston lab tackling thousands of COVID-19 tests and its familiar problem - Houston Chronicle

GREEN BAY, Wis. (WBAY) - Wisconsin's Safer at Home order is set to expire on April 24, but there's a possibility it could be extended. The order prohibits all non-essential business and travel in the state during the coronavirus outbreak.

Gov. Tony Evers has said he may consider extending the order. We talked to Prevea Health President & CEO Dr. Ashok Rai about what needs to happen before Wisconsin reopens for business.

Watch the videos attached to this story for all three segments from Wednesday.

SHOULD SAFER AT HOME BE EXTENDED?

"It's a lot easier to turn things off than to turn things on in a situation like this. So there's a few things that are necessary to make sure we're safe to turn things on," says Dr. Rai.

"Number one, you want to make sure hospitals and health care overall has the capacity to take care of COVID-19 patients going forward. And we'll probably see more as people are out in public. So can we take care of that increased number of people? Remember, the stay at home being lifted doesn't mean COVID-19 is gone. It means it's still there, and we're going to have some spread. We may even have some more spread. So do we have the capability? The capability means having the beds, the ICUs, the physicians, the ventilators and more importantly, that personal protective equipment. We also need to make sure that we can test people on a more broad level. As people go back to work, we hope employers screen them. Ask them questions, take their temperature. If someone screens positive, they need to be tested right away and quarantined. That's part of a successful strategy to getting back to any kind of normalcy, is to be able to identify somebody who has risk factors or symptoms, be able to test them, and be able to isolate them.

"Even more on top of that, what the governor's asking for and what we're all asking for, is the ability to do what's called contact tracing. Having people--public health officials--find somebody who's positive, figure out everybody they've been in contact with--close contact, not going to the store kind of contact--and be able to test them and isolate them. That's how you actually continue to control those hotspots as we call them, and be able to return to normal and not have to rewind to the beginning of March, end of February.

"It's going to be a constellation of things for the governor to make his decision on. And I don't know what resources he has available to him to actually pick a date. But the things we need to see from local government and state government is definitely a lot more into public health. For us to be successful, we need to be able to effectively screen the population, test the population and isolate them. That last step, that isolation part, the contact tracing we talked about, that takes public health officials--a lot more than we have today. So the governor's going to need to make an investment there. He's going to have to tell health care where we can get our tests from. They've been diverted to other states. We need those here. And personal protective equipment--not only for hospitals and clinics--but for nursing homes, for law enforcement. We definitely need to see that supply chain come into Wisconsin.

"Once those things are accomplished and we know we can trace people, we know we can protect people, we know that the hospitals have capacity--that's when you can make a decision to say this is how we can get back online.

"But if you're going to tell employers to mask, if you're going to tell employers to shift differently, to spread people apart, the employers are going to need resources, too. You can't just tell everybody to put a mask on and make sure they can't get one. I think getting those state resources, funding for employers to help them get back to work, is going to be really important for us to see a return to normalcy."

WISCONSIN PEAK

"When we look at any kind of modeling situation, it's only as good as the data that's being put into it. Certain things, certain environmental changes, certain laxes, if we were to get rid of stay safe at home the peak could change. Those are all factors that go into that University of Washington modeling. It did change a day or two. Two weeks ago it was April 27. Then it got narrowed down to April 12. Then it went back to April 14. We really hope that is the peak. How do you know it's the peak? You have to have a downward turn to know that you've hit your peak. You don't know you're at the top of the mountain until you start walking down. Hopefully we start to see a downward turn in hospitalizations and death rates to really justify that that was the peak," says Dr. Rai.

WEARING MASKS AT WORK

"This might actually come back as part of our normal life as we give some government advice to it. Even Dr. [Anthony] Fauci said as we get back to normal maybe part of that is people wearing masks. For it to be successful you need both sides of the party to wear the mask--the employee and the customer--to do that. We also have to look at the practicality. These businesses have not had a lot of time to educate their employees on how to wear a mask, acquire masks for them. We have to give that time for employers to be able to get their supply chain going to get masks. And even more importantly, educate their employees how to use them, how not to take them on and off throughout the day. Those are things we need to give employers time to adapt to," says Dr. Rai.

"From a health care prospective, if you're a patient and you're coming into a clinic or hospital, be prepared to ask those questions, possibly have your temperature checked, and we're likely going to put a mask on you. If you refuse to put one on, there's a chance you may not be put into a health care facility for that visit. Soe people have to understand we are doing those rules in health care, and employers are doing those rules not only to keep you safe, but to keep our employees safe and to make sure we don't take a backslide where we have to shut everything down again.

"They're inconvenient. You may not like what we're asking you to do, but they're there for a purpose."

GLOVES

"You think about health care when we wear gloves, we wear them for a single interaction. I go into a patient's room and I put gloves on, and before I leave that room, I've taken my gloves off in a very safe manner where I may not even touch the outside of them--and then I'm using a trash can where I put my foot down and I'm throwing those away and then I'm leaving the room. You'd never think it would be normal for me to examine a patient with one set of gloves, go into the next room and touch the door handles, go into the next room and examine another patient with the same set of gloves on. That's the equivelant of what we're talking about here every time we touch something with gloves on. We're taking bacteria and viruses from one object and transferring it to the next without washing our hands. The most important thing we need to be able to do is between interactions with people, between interactions with separate sets of items, is being able to wash our hands. Whether that's 20 seconds with soap or water or the second best thing would be hand sanitizer. When you're using gloves, all you're doing is propagating that spread. You know, that doesn't make sense in that situation if what you're trying to do is prevent the spread of the virus or for you getting it," says Dr. Rai.

ARE WE FLATTENING THE CURVE?

"It's not unexpected to see an increase in cases. I'm worried people will look at those numbers and get concerned. Really, you have to understand why those numbers are there. First of all, some of those tests were done seven-to-ten days before the result was given because of the turn around time with some of the commercial labs. The state actually expanded who we can test on a faster track. So we're testing more people. So we're going to get more positives. We expect that. Those numbers are important to look at, but we're not testing enough people to actually really know if that's an upward trend, or if it's just that we're testing more people that we think are going to be positive, so we're going to have more positives. The numbers that we really should be looking at, unfortunately, is the death rate and making sure that's going down. That's what we want to happen. And the hospital utilization of patients. So do we have six COVID patients in a hospital in Brown County? Do we have 20? Is that number flat? Is it going down? And those are the things we should be paying attention to. And so far over the weekend and over the week, we saw a small increase in the number of hospitalizations, but it is relatively stable for now. Those are the things we should be focusing on. We're going to see a lot more positives. That's expected because hopefully we're going to test a lot more people," says Dr. Rai.

SALIVA TEST

"From a health care prospective, any way we can test is exciting, especially if it can be validated. When we do that nasal swab of your nose, we're looking for genetic material of the virus to test positive. So if you think of the saliva test, many people have done a saliva test lately to see who they're related to, or what diseases they may be at risk for, through some national companies. It's using that same technology, spitting into a vial multiple times, and then submitting that for genetic testing for the virus. It's awesome to see that come forward, but it's in a single situation in the university in New Jersey at Rutgers. Excited for them. Hopefully it will continue to work. But right now, it's still in that phase where it's got that emergency use authorization based on testing 60 people with swabs. And 60 people is not a huge number when it comes to health care. So we want to see them do a lot more of this. And how can they ramp that up and make it commercially available? Those are the things we'll be watching for. But it's really exciting because you're not going to have to be limited by a nasal swab. We've talked about how those are really hard to get right now. And there's a lot less interaction with the health care worker so everybody stays safer. So in a drive up testing environment, a saliva test is something we have a lot of hope for now," says Dr. Rai.

SUMMER HOME AND CABIN VISITS

"I think everybody's situation is different. If you're able to stay at home safe in that environment, bring food with you, not interact with multiple people--and we'll get to a point where we're interacting with people again--but safely doing that, maintain that physical distance. If the town there is welcoming you back, I don't see a problem with that right now," says Dr. Rai.

HOTSPOTS

"Any time that we start to see multiple cases in any kind of setting--whether that be a nursing home, a prison, a school, a specific company, or any kind of environment where people are constantly interacting with each other, where one is positive and two are positive and six are positive--those are areas where the public health department has some concern and they go in and they advise and they help quarantine people. That's going to happen everywhere. That's going to happen in multiple companies, in multiple environments, as we start to come out of stay safer at home. It's not atypical. What's really important is that public health has the resources to go into that environment, quickly help the employer or the school or the nursing home at that point, quarantine, identify, clean and then get back to normal," says Dr. Rai.

SMITHFIELD FOOD OUTBREAK

More than 400 people tested positive for COVID-19 after an outbreak at a Smithfield Foods plant in Sioux Falls, South Dakota.

"Number one the way you prevent significant outbreaks like that is to stay safer at home. Unfortunately that state chose not to have one, so they're going to see breakouts like that. We've got a stay safer at home policy so essential workers like food packaging can go to work, and then we need to be able to control those situations very closely. But when you don't have a stay safer at home order, public health will get quickly overwhelmed, and not be able to handle a situation like happened in South Dakota," says Dr. Rai.

DOCTORS WHO TEST POSITIVE

"Health care workers are under the same guidelines from the CDC as everyone else. It's seven days from your first symptom, plus three days of having no fevers or significant symptoms without medications to help with that. So in other words, three days without Tylenol, I haven't had a temperature, and it's been a week or seven days since my first symptom. Then you can work with your employee health department and come back to work," says Dr. Rai.

See the original post here:
Dr. Rai on what needs to happen before we can safely return to normal - WBAY