Companies such as 23andMe, AncestrybyDNA, Genebase andFull Genomes, for example, are among dozensthat provide consumer genetic testing to identify susceptibility to potential diseases as well as to establish genealogies. It's not clear which American companies, if any, have ties to Beijing or have sold data to China.

The request to study security risks posed by genetic testing companies signals a potentialnew area of concern that extends beyond the traditional espionage, cybersecurity and supply chain risks typically associated with Beijing's global reach.

Lawmakers appear to be concerned that U.S. officials working for intelligence agencies and the Pentagon, acting in their personal capacities, may be providing their genetic information to private testing companies that could end up in Chinese hands, giving Beijing highly sensitive information that it could combine with other information it already has on them to target officials for espionage or attack. The United States, for example, already has accused China of hacking the Office of Personnel Management sometime between 2013 and 2015 and taking away highly sensitive information on top U.S. officials.

The measure also would ask multiple intelligence agencies to step up vigilance on Chinese activities in the United States as well as inside the borders ofclose U.S. allies known as the Five Eyes, which include Australia, Canada, New Zealandand the United Kingdom.

Lawmakers want the CIA, the Office of the Director of National Intelligence and the Defense Intelligence Agency to submit a report on efforts by foreign adversaries to build and supply telecom and cybersecurity equipment forthe closest U.S. allies. The United States has put significant pressure on allies not to buy 5G equipment from China's Huawei, which Washington sees as a national security risk to U.S. communications networks.

More here:
Hey, soldiers and spies think twice about that home genetic ancestry test - Roll Call

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

This transcript has been edited for clarity.

Today I'd like to ask: Is population testing for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer worthwhile?

In women with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations, lifetime risks for breast and ovarian cancer are high. Risk-reducing surgeries and other interventions can lower cancer risks in this population.

Investigators created a model to compare population testing in unselected women vs referring women with a high-risk family history for genetic counseling and possible testing. With this model, they found that population testing prevented more cancers than did family historybased testing.

Many carriers of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer genes are currently identified only after a diagnosis of malignancy, underscoring the potential benefits of population screening. However, it's not clear that this report has adequately assessed the downstream implications of population testing.

In my practice, if family history suggests that a patient is at elevated risk for breast or ovarian cancer, I refer her to a credentialed genetics counselor with special expertise in hereditary cancers. Once counseled, patients then decide whether or not to proceed with genetic testing, and the counselor works with the patient and her clinicians to determine appropriate responses to the results of genetic testing.

I was not able to identify that the investigators included pretest genetic counseling in their model of population screening. However, if genetic counseling is not performed, the task of interpreting test results falls on the patient and her clinicians.

Women may not be prepared to respond appropriately to the results of genetic testing without expert counseling. Clinicians may likewise feel inadequately prepared to help patients understand and act on test results. Some patients might undergo inappropriate risk-reducing surgeries and other interventions, while others who would benefit from such interventions might fail to pursue them.

The demand for genetics counselors currently has outstripped supply. I acknowledge that population screening for genes associated with breast and ovarian cancer could identify more mutation carriers. However, until we can ensure that women will have access to experts who can help them interpret results of genetic testing, I'll continue with my approach of referring patients with high-risk family histories to a genetic counselor.

Thank you for the honor of your time. I am Andrew Kaunitz.

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Population Testing for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Worthwhile? - Medscape

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

A $2 million settlement has been reached in a medical malpractice lawsuit filed by a Salem couple after their second daughter was born with cystic fibrosis. The mother said she accepted genetic testing at her obstetrician-gynecologists office, but the testing was never performed.

The mother, Elizabeth Trotter, who was pregnant with her first child in 2016 and a patient at OB-GYN Services in Norwich, said in a phone interview this week that she had wanted to be tested for everything because she did not know her medical history. She said she accepted genetic testing and thought the testing was performed.

She said she was told at 12 weeks that her blood work came back normal, so she assumed that meant everything was fine. She gave birth in January 2017 to a healthy baby girl, Paige.

When she was pregnant with her second daughter, Madelyn, now 2, she said she experienced a lot of complications, including preeclampsia and high blood pressure, and her daughter was born prematurely and spent over a month in the neonatal intensive care unit. Elizabeth, now 42,and her husband, Erik, now 47,found out during the newborn screen thatMadelyn was positive for cystic fibrosis.

The Trotters returned to OB GYN Services to ask how their daughter could have been born with this disease when the Cystic Fibrosis test performed on Beth in 2016 had been negative, according to The Reardon Law Firm, which represented the Trotters. The doctor consulted the records and determined that the test had never been ordered by the practice and had never been performed, despite being requested by Beth and acknowledged by the physician she spoke with.

Trotter said she got pregnant for the second time, without knowing that she was a carrier for cystic fibrosis and without being able to prepare.

Unfortunately, it took away our ability to make an educated choice for ourselves, and I truly feel that women should have the choice to figure out what is best for them and their family, Trotter said.

Herdoctor, David Kalla, declined to comment. A lawyer representing OB-GYN Services was out of the office until Monday and did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

Trotter said the settlement will help with expensive medical bills for her daughter's care. Cystic fibrosis "is a complex, chronic disease that primarily affects the lungs and digestive system," according to the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation.

The money that we did get from the settlement could be life-changing for her, she said. It could help her a lot with her care.

Trotter said she hopes the lawsuit brings more awareness to genetic testing and changes the standards of care for women. She added that sheis interested in potentially pursuing legislation that will empower womenand help themget genetic testing before they are pregnant.

Attorney Kelly Reardon, who settled the case for the maximum amount of insurance coverage available, said she believes what happened is that the practice had a relatively new electronic medical record software system and it was difficult to gain access to laboratory results through the software.

We think the fact that the test was never ordered was overlooked due to the software issue, she added.

She commended the Trotters for their courage and Dr. Kalla and the medical providers for taking the steps necessary to make sure the practice is more careful going forward about these types of errors. She said Dr. Kalla met with the family over Zoom to go over the changes.

I feel like it was an important case because it really allowed a family who went through a horrible situation to not only get financial compensation, which is important of course, but to also get some answers and have a conversation with the physician involved about the steps that his practice is taking to make sure that this type of scenario doesnt happen again, Reardon said.

k.drelich@theday.com

The rest is here:
$2 million settlement reached in lawsuit against ob-gyn office in Norwich - theday.com

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Genetic Testing Marketis expected to register aCAGR of +11.50%and is projected to reachUSD 24,834.19 Million by 2028.The Global Genetic Testing Market is expected to register substantial growth in the near future due to rise in incidence of genetic disorders & cancer and growth in awareness and acceptance of personalized medicines. Genetic testing is also known as DNA testing. Genetic testing is the study of gene present in cells and tissues. This study is further applied in the field of biology and medicine to better understand genetic disorders such as cancer, sickle cell anemia, cystic fibrosis, Down syndrome, and others. The scope of the report discusses the use of gene tests for the development of personalized medicine, targeted cancer treatment, and other genetic diseases. In addition, advancements in genetic testing techniques and increasing application of genetic testing in oncology are expected to boost the market growth during the forecast period.Genetic tests involve a set of lab tests for the study of the genetic makeup of patients and identify any gene mutations and alterations in the healthy structure of DNA leading to the development of genetic disorders. The Geographical Segmentation includes study of global regions such as North America, Latin America, Asia-Pacific, Africa, and Europe. The report is designed to incorporate both qualitative and quantitative aspects of the industry within each of the regions and countries involved in the study.

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Profiling Key Players:

Highlighted key points of this market research report:

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Genetic Testing Key Market Segments:

By Product Type:

Predictive Testing

Carrier Testing

Prenatal & Newborn Testing

Diagnostic Testing

Pharmacogenomic Testing

Others

By Technology Type:

Cytogenetic Testing/ Chromosome Analysis

Biochemical Testing

Molecular Testing

DNA Sequencing

Others

By Application Type:

Chromosome Analysis

Genetic Disease Diagnosis

Cardiovascular Disease Diagnosis

Others

Different top-level key players are also enlisted in order to obtain in-depth knowledge and informative data of companies. Some of the key players are also profiled in this research report, which includesGenetic TestingMarket. Different industry analysis tools such as SWOT and Porters five-technique are further used while analyzing the globalGenetic TestingMarket.

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The report also draws attention to recent advancements in technologies and certain methodologies which further help to boost the outcome of the businesses. Furthermore, it also offers a comprehensive data of cost structure such as the cost of manpower, tools, technologies, and cost of raw material. The report is an expansive source of analytical information of different business verticals such as type, size, applications, and end-users. Furthermore, the report also caters the detailed information about the crucial aspects such as driving factors & challenges which will define the future growth of the market.

Table of Content:

Chapter 1: Genetic Testing Market Overview

Chapter 2: Global Economic Impact on Industry

Chapter 3: Genetic Testing Market Competition by Manufacturers

Chapter 4: Global Production, Revenue (Value) by Region

Chapter 5: Global Supply (Production), Consumption, Export, Import by Regions

Chapter 6: Global Production, Revenue (Value), Price Trend by Type

Chapter 7: Global Market Analysis by Application

Chapter 8: Manufacturing Cost Analysis

Chapter 9: Industrial Chain, Sourcing Strategy and Downstream Buyers

Chapter 10: Marketing Strategy Analysis, Distributors/Traders

Chapter 11: Genetic Testing Market Effect Factors Analysis

Chapter 12: Global Genetic Testing Market Forecast to 2028

Finally,all aspects of the Genetic Testing Market are quantitatively as well qualitatively assessed to study the Global as well as regional market comparatively. This market study presents critical information and factual data about the market providing an overall statistical study of this market on the basis of market drivers, limitations and its future prospects.

About Us:Market Research Inc is farsighted in its view and covers massive ground in global research. Local or global, we keep a close check on both markets. Trends and concurrent assessments sometimes overlap and influence the other. When we say market intelligence, we mean a deep and well-informed insight into your products, market, marketing, competitors, and customers. Market research companies are leading the way in nurturing global thought leadership. We help your product/service become the best they can with our informed approach.

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Genetic Testing Market is Rapid Growing with COVID-19 Impact Analysis, Top Key Companies Abbott Laboratories, Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc., Competitive...

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

For Christmas this year, toddler Ruby Cotter is getting a toy kitchen, a ball pit and a baby brother.

Ruby will become a big sister not having met many other children in her 18 months of life, according to her dad, Brian Cotter, 36. Shes been isolated to protect her weakened immune system that is compromised by medication she will need to take indefinitely to stop her body from rejecting the donated heart she got in transplant surgery last Christmastime.

Shes played with older cousins a few times, and one friend shes seen once or twice a month, Brian said, but "otherwise she doesnt interact with kids. Her brother will hopefully help her get used to that."

Ashley Cotter, 30 Brians wife and Rubys mom is pregnant with the couples second child, a boy they plan to name Everett Charles.

"We are thinking we might be welcoming him on Christmas," he said.

(The baby was due this past Wednesday, "so she could go into labor at any minute," Brian said. She will be induced if she doesnt give birth naturally by next Thursday, he said.)

Ruby has a rare, potentially fatal disorder called dilated cardiomyopathy, which restricts how blood is pumped to the body and vital organs. The disorder affects at least 1 in 100,000 children. She was born in June 2019 and hospitalized in September at NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, in upper Manhattan, where she had two heart surgeries; the couple lived in the hospital for months to be with their daughter. She came home in January to Wading River, where the family lived at the time.

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The couple, who have since moved to Shoreham, had discussed last year having more children, Ashley told Newsday last Christmastime, but wanted to do more genetic testing to figure out the odds a sibling of Ruby's could develop the same heart condition.

"I dont want to go through this again," Ashley Cotter said then. "I dont want to put another child through this again."

Brian said earlier this week that the couple did that genetic testing, and learned that the condition isnt in their genes.

"Well, to be honest, this pregnancy was not planned. We lived at the hospital for a long time without privacy and then the whole COVID lockdown happened," Brian said. "We did finish our genetic testing and found out that neither of us carry what caused Rubys condition. So far, our son looks very healthy."

The majority of cases of the disease are idiopathic meaning, arising without a known obvious cause rather than hereditary, according to a 2014 article in the journal Progress in Pediatric Cardiology.

Brian said the family is planning to have Rubys doctors examine their son soon after he is born.

Her parents hoped that she could begin to see people in the spring, but the coronavirus pandemic has meant that the family must stay virtually isolated due to her medication.

"She hasnt met too many other kids or babies, so it might be a shock for her," he said of her little-brother-to-be.

Still, Ruby is aware theres something going on in the family.

"She knows something is happening," Brian said, adding: "She does rub and kiss her moms belly."

Its the second successive Christmastime theres been good news for the Cotters. Just days before Christmas last year, Ruby got the transplant, in time for the holiday.

A GoFundMe account set up in 2019 to raise money for the family's nonmedical expenses food, bills, mortgage, and car payments had raised $114,055 as of this Christmas Eve.

With Rubys immune system medically compromised, the family has been careful about masking and social distance and other precautions. She was able to do outdoor activities when the weather was warmer and once went to a diner a month ago.

"Just her body language the whole time. Sitting in the booth, looking at all the lights. She was just smiling and eating pancakes and eggs. You can tell she appreciated it," he said.

But, Brian said as a second wave of the coronavirus hits the region, "now is not a good time to explore."

Last month, he said, Ruby started walking.

"She says a few words," Brian said. " No is her favorite."

Matthew Chayes, a Newsday reporter since 2007, covers New York City Hall.

View original post here:
Toddler who received heart transplant due to get baby brother - Newsday

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Worldwide Market Reports added Pre-Pregnancy Genetic Testing Market to its vast collection of research Databases. The report classifies the Global Pre-Pregnancy Genetic Testing Market in a precise manner to offer detailed insights into the aspects responsible for augmenting as well as restraining market growth.

A comprehensive analysis of the Global Pre-Pregnancy Genetic Testing Market is been done in this intelligence report. It includes the investigations done on past progress, ongoing market scenarios, and future prospects. Accurate data of the products, strategies, and market shares of leading companies in this particular market is mentioned. The report gives in-detailed information across Global regions, including Asia, North America, South America, Middle East, and Africa, Europe, with the sales and revenue data in each of the sub-segments.

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Pre-Pregnancy Genetic Testing market competition by top manufacturers/players, with Pre-Pregnancy Genetic Testing sales volume, price, revenue (Million USD), and market share for each manufacturer/player; the top players including:Illumina (US), Natera (US), Ariosa Diagnostics (US), BGI Health (China), LifeCodexx (Germany)

Note: For a complete company list, please ask for a sample report.

We follow an iterative research methodology model to formulate the report that helps decision-makers take sound investment evaluation. Secondary research is carried out using internal and external sources to obtain qualitative and quantitative information of the market backed by the primary interview of KOLs and SMEs. This model negates any drastic deviation in the market estimation and is used to estimate the Pre-Pregnancy Genetic Testing Market size and forecasts until 2026.

The Pre-Pregnancy Genetic Testing Market report gives a 360-degree holistic view of the market and highlights the key developments, drivers, restraints, and future trends with impact analysis of these trends on the market for short-term, mid-term, and long-term during the forecast period. In addition, Along with an industrial chain, market statistics in terms of revenue, sales, price, capacity, regional market analysis, segment-wise data, and market forecast information are offered in the full study, etc.

Industrial Impact of Covid-19 on Pre-Pregnancy Genetic Testing Industry:

The outbreak of the pandemicCOVID-19changed the market scenario on the global platform. Many of the regions are facing the biggest economic crisis owing to the lockdowns that were implemented due to the outspread of the coronavirus infection. As the only solution that has been found to contracting this disease is social distancing many countries have implemented strong regulations in regards to people gatherings. Owing to this many of the businesses are working with only 30% of its employees thus not able to bring the maximum production.

Thiscan affect the global economy in 3 main ways: by directly affecting production and demand, by creating supply chain and market disturbance, and by its financial impact on firms and financial markets.

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Pre-Pregnancy Genetic Testing Market Report is Segmented as Following-

In the end, the Pre-Pregnancy Genetic Testing report offers a short outline of the dealers, distributors, suppliers. Along with the Pre-Pregnancy Genetic Testingsales channel, analysis findings, conclusions, and results. Finally, provide info regarding new entrants within the Pre-Pregnancy Genetic Testing market. The study suggests a brand new proposition to spice up the Pre-Pregnancy Genetic Testing market price and nurture businesses. Correspondingly explains the current global Pre-Pregnancy Genetic Testing market and the coming development of the business. The Pre-Pregnancy Genetic Testing Market report begins with a basic overview of the industry lifecycle, definitions, classifications, applications, and industry chain structure, and all these together will help leading players understand the scope of the Market, what characteristics it offers, and how it will fulfill customers requirements. The study also covers market status, share, future patterns, development rate, deals, SWOT analysis, channels, merchants, and improvement gets ready for the anticipated year between 2020-2027.

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Read more from the original source:
Impact of COVID-19 on Pre-Pregnancy Genetic Testing Market 2027 Expected to reach Highest CAGR - The Courier

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

New Jersey, United States: The most recently added report on DTC Genetic Testing Market Insights, Forecast 2020 to 2027, Market Analysis report encourages clients to make strategic business decisions and understand the industry competitive advantage and key players strategies. of the market. The most recently added report on the DTC Genetic Testing Market has qualified and verifiable market insights conducted in the current scenario.

The research report of the DTC Genetic Testing market offers detailed information and overviews of the market for the forecast period 2020 to 2027. The major competitors in the DTC Genetic Testing market and their competitive landscapes are analyzed as they are market leaders and are concerned in the front. The report also takes into account the critical points of the market and offers important solutions for the growth of the market. In addition, the report also examines the raw materials supply chain channels, sales channels, and production flows of the major market players.

DTC Genetic Testing Market: Competitive Landscape

Competitive Analysis is one of the best sections of the report, comparing the progress of leading companies using key metrics like market share, new developments, global reach, local competition, pricing, and production. From the nature of the competition to future changes in the vendor landscape, the report offers an in-depth competitive analysis in the DTC Genetic Testing market.

Major Key Players Operating in the Market:

DTC Genetic Testing Market Segmentation

The report contains the market size with 2019 as the base year and an annual forecast up to 2027 in terms of sales (in million USD). For the forecast period mentioned above, estimates for all segments including type and application have been presented on a regional basis. We implemented a combination of top-down and bottom-up approaches to market size and analyzed key regional markets, dynamics and trends for different applications.

DTC Genetic Testing Market Segment by Type:

DTC Genetic Testing Market Segment by Application:

DTC Genetic Testing Market Regional overview:

In the report, experts analyze and forecast the DTC Genetic Testing market on a global as well as regional level. Taking into account all aspects of the market in terms of regions, the focus of the report is on North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, the Middle East and Africa, and South America. The prevailing trends and various opportunities in these regions are studied that can convince the growth of the market in the forecast period 2020 to 2027.

Major Key Points Covered in DTC Genetic Testing Market:

Key questions in the report:

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DTC Genetic Testing Market Size By Type, By Application, By Geography, By Top Companies And Forecast To 2027 - LionLowdown

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing Market 2020: Latest Analysis

Chicago, United States:- Global Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing Market report aims to offer an extensive overview of the Global Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing Market with a broad Market segmentation on the basis of products, services, application, as well as regional overview. The research report on Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing Market offers a comprehensive analysis of the Global Market with in-depth and specialized analysis of the Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing Market. In addition, the Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing Market report also provides a complete analysis of the Global Market Trends that are influencing the Global Market over the forecast period. Moreover, the Global Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing Market is likely to witness a significant growth over the forecast period. Furthermore, the Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing Market report offers a complete analysis of the Global Market, and the report also comprises an extensive study of application and product type with the comprehensive regional scenario. With the objective to offer a complete Market overview the Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing report includes regional competitive landscape for the number of major Market service providers.

Besides a dashboard view of the vendor landscape and important company profiles, the competitive analysis offers an encyclopedic examination of the market structure. The company share analysis included in this study helps players to improve their business tactics and compete well against leading market participants. The intensity map prepared by our analysts helps to get a quick view of the presence of several players in the global Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing market. The report also provides a footprint matrix of key players of the global Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing market. It dives deep into growth strategies, sales footprint, production footprint, and product and application portfolios of prominent names of the industry.

Key players profiled in the report includes: Roche, Thermo Fisher Scientific, PerkinElmer, Quest Diagnostics, Myriad Genetics, Iverson Genetics, Cancer Genetics, OncoCyte Corporation, NeoGenomics, Invitae

The report features unique and relevant factors that are likely to have a significant impact on the Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing market during the forecast period. This report also includes the COVID-19 pandemic impact analysis on the Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing market. This report includes a detailed and considerable amount of information, which will help new providers in the most comprehensive manner for better understanding. The report elaborates the historical and current trends molding the growth of the Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing market.

This report examines all the key factors influencing growth of global Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing market, including demand-supply scenario, pricing structure, profit margins, production and value chain analysis. Regional assessment of global Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing market unlocks a plethora of untapped opportunities in regional and domestic market places. Detailed company profiling enables users to evaluate company shares analysis, emerging product lines, scope of NPD in new markets, pricing strategies, innovation possibilities and much more.

Segmentation by Application: HospitalsClinicsOthers

Segmentation by Type: High Penetrant GenesIntermediate Penetrant GenesLow Penetrant Genes

Our exploration specialists acutely ascertain the significant aspects of the global Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing market report. It also provides an in-depth valuation in regards to the future advancements relying on the past data and present circumstance of Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing market situation. In this Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing report, we have investigated the principals, players in the market, geological regions, product type, and market end-client applications. The global Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing report comprises of primary and secondary data which is exemplified in the form of pie outlines, Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing tables, analytical figures, and reference diagrams. The Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing report is presented in an efficient way that involves basic dialect, basic Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing outline, agreements, and certain facts as per solace and comprehension.

Regional Coverage: North America (United States, Canada and Mexico), Europe (Germany, France, UK, Russia and Italy), Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, Korea, India and Southeast Asia), South America (Brazil, Argentina, Colombia etc.), Middle East and Africa (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, Nigeria and South Africa)

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Table of Contents

Report Overview: It includes major players of the global Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing Market covered in the research study, research scope, and Market segments by type, market segments by application, years considered for the research study, and objectives of the report.

Global Growth Trends: This section focuses on industry trends where market drivers and top market trends are shed light upon. It also provides growth rates of key producers operating in the global Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing Market. Furthermore, it offers production and capacity analysis where marketing pricing trends, capacity, production, and production value of the global Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing Market are discussed.

Market Share by Manufacturers: Here, the report provides details about revenue by manufacturers, production and capacity by manufacturers, price by manufacturers, expansion plans, mergers and acquisitions, and products, market entry dates, distribution, and market areas of key manufacturers.

Market Size by Type: This section concentrates on product type segments where production value market share, price, and production market share by product type are discussed.

Market Size by Application: Besides an overview of the global Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing Market by application, it gives a study on the consumption in the global Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing Market by application.

Production by Region: Here, the production value growth rate, production growth rate, import and export, and key players of each regional market are provided.

Consumption by Region: This section provides information on the consumption in each regional market studied in the report. The consumption is discussed on the basis of country, application, and product type.

Company Profiles: Almost all leading players of the global Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing Market are profiled in this section. The analysts have provided information about their recent developments in the global Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing Market, products, revenue, production, business, and company.

Market Forecast by Production: The production and production value forecasts included in this section are for the global Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing Market as well as for key regional markets.

Market Forecast by Consumption: The consumption and consumption value forecasts included in this section are for the global Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing Market as well as for key regional markets.

Value Chain and Sales Analysis: It deeply analyzes customers, distributors, sales channels, and value chain of the global Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing Market.

Key Findings: This section gives a quick look at important findings of the research study.

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Breast Cancer Predictive Genetic Testing Market Likely to Experience a Tremendous Growth in Near Future|| Roche, Thermo Fisher Scientific,...

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

The center has led the Mexican wolf cross-fostering program that began in 2014. Founded in 1971, it sits on 63 isolated, wooded acres, designed to match the cold, silent and humanless habitat where Mexican wolves live.

Through cross-fostering, 8- to 14-day-old pups born in captivity are placed in a den of similar-aged wild pups in remote areas of the Southwest.

Being able to take puppies from facilities like the Endangered Wolf Center and sneaking them into wild litters is a great way for us to be able to get new genetics out into the wild to help keep that wild population healthier, said Regina Mossotti, director of animal care and conservation at the Endangered Wolf Center.

Mexican wolves breed in April and May, leaving a narrow window for cross-fostering.

To successfully cross-foster a wolf pup, officials must identify a wild wolf that has given birth about the same time that a female wolf in captivity at the center gives birth.

When that does happen, the clock starts ticking.

We have to be able to find a flight, the weather has to work and we have to have enough people to do it, Mossotti said. So all these things, these logistics have to come together to make it happen.

Once the team from the Endangered Wolf Center arrives in Arizona, Game & Fish employees join them on a hike to a specific wolf den, often hidden in the rugged terrain along the Arizona-New Mexico state line.

Go here to see the original:
Diversifying the pack: Cross fostering helps Mexican wolf population boost genetic mix - Arizona Daily Star

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

This article was originally published here

Glob Reprod Health. 2020 Spring;5(1):e36. doi: 10.1097/grh.0000000000000036.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease characterized by demyelination of the CNS that affects women in their child-bearing years. There has been no absolute data to suggest infertility in this population; however, women with MS may exhibit decreased fertility due to various etiologies. Furthermore, their transition into menopause presents unique aspects in patient care.

METHODS: We report a case of a 38 year-old female with a diagnosis of MS with subsequent secondary amenorrhea and primary infertility. Multidisciplinary work-up with was consistent with hypothalamic hypogonadism secondary to MS affecting the pituitary stalk. She was treated for infertility in our clinic as well as management of her menopausal symptoms.

RESULTS: The patient conceived triplets after 2 cycles of ovarian stimulation with injectable gonadotropins and intrauterine insemination. She underwent fetal reduction to twins. After completion of childbearing, she was treated for menopausal symptoms with various hormonal therapies and ultimately remained on oral conjugated estrogens with no symptoms.

CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first report of infertility caused by suspected MS involvement of the pituitary stalk. In this patient population, infertility treatment can be successful with gonadotropins and alleviation of menopausal symptoms can be achieved with hormone replacement.

PMID:33354640 | PMC:PMC7751803 | DOI:10.1097/grh.0000000000000036

Here is the original post:
Brief Report Treatment of infertility and menopause in a patient with multiple sclerosis affecting the pituitary stalk: a case report - DocWire News

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Prenatal Genetic Testing Market Overview:

Decisive Market Insights publishes detailed report on Global Market. The report computes the market share and size from 2020 2027. According to expert analysis the market is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate of x% over the next five years and record an estimated value of approximately USD xx billion by 2027, compared to its earlier registered value of xx in 2019. The business has witnessed a growing demand over the last many years because of the expanding market and technological advancement. New tariff laws have eased the accessibility to markets which were limited to even the major players. The COVID 19 has had least impact on the business and is rising momentarily.

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Market Report Summary

The report covers a wide range of areas for better insights of the global market and industry trends and forecasts. The report covers market trends based on product types, application areas and key geographies. Market influencing factors such as drivers, restrains and investment opportunities has been carefully detailed in this report. The examination of the market trends, analysis and forecast has been done both at the macro and micro level perspective. It further gives a complete idea of the strategies adopted by major competitors in the business. Other significant factors, which works at the regional and international level to impact the market trends has been included. These influencing factors are socio-political scenario, environmental conditions, demography, legal agencies, and competitive environment of the region.

Based on the type of product, the global Prenatal Genetic Testing market segmented intoDiagnostic TestChorionic Villi Sampling (CVS)AmniocentesisPlacental BiopsyCordocentesisFetal BiopsyScreening TestCarrier ScreeningSequential ScreeningMaternal Serum Quad Screening

Based on the end-use, the global Prenatal Genetic Testing market classified intoHospitalsClinicsDiagnostic Centers

Based on geography, the global Prenatal Genetic Testing market segmented intoNorth America [U.S., Canada, Mexico]Europe [Germany, UK, France, Italy, Rest of Europe]Asia-Pacific [China, India, Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia, Australia, Rest of Asia Pacific]South America [Brazil, Argentina, Rest of Latin America]Middle East & Africa [GCC, North Africa, South Africa, Rest of Middle East and Africa]

And the major players included in the report areSequenom LaboratoriesIlluminaNateraAriosa DiagnosticsBGI HealthNateraLifeCodexx

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Market Segmentation: Product, Application and Key Geographies

The geographical division based on product types and application areas are categorized as North America, Europe, Asia Pacific and the Rest of the World (RoW).

These geographical regions are further sub-divided into:

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Prenatal Genetic Testing Market Key Trends, Strategic Indicators, Drivers, SWOT, Key Participants and Global Industry Overview and Key Players Natera...

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

A heartbroken woman has launched a multi-million-dollar class action against one of Australia's leading IVF clinics, saying her chances of falling pregnant have been scuttled after a controversial genetic test labelled her embryos as "abnormal".

Danielle Bopping, of Canberra, has launched a class action in Victoria's Supreme Court accusing Monash IVF of breaching its duty of care by failing to tell her and others about the pitfalls of non-invasive pre-implantation genetic testing, which was being trumpeted by the fertility specialist.

She has since learned the testing can produce false-positives.

Her lawyer, Michel Margalit, said more than 100 people had already expressed interest in joining the suit and she was expecting up to 1,000.

"Danielle's in her 40s now and had she known at the time that this technology was not accurate in the manner she believed, she could have taken a different course," Ms Margalit said.

"I think that there is a real possibility that many, many people will question whether or not they have lost their ability to have children because of this inaccurate testing."

If successful, the class action could reap millions of dollars in compensation.

"This will be one of the largest class actions ever brought against a fertility provider," Ms Margalit said.

"We will be fighting for the rights of these women who have placed their trust in the hands of a medical provider and unknowingly have had devastating consequences."

The class action centres on the way in which Monash IVF conducted genetic testing on embryos to uncover abnormalities.

There are two ways to conduct such testing: the first method is through a biopsy, which involves taking a tissue sample from an embryo, a method that is considered invasive.

The second method is called non-invasive pre-implantation genetic testing and involves collecting DNA from the culture that the embryo has been growing in while in the laboratory.

According to court documents, lawyers alleged that Monash IVF told patients including Ms Bopping that the two tests were "identical" in 95 per cent of cases.

In November 2019, Ms Bopping had the non-invasive testing done on an embryo and was informed that the results were "abnormal".

As a result, she decided not to pursue inserting the embryo.

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Her lawyers now say she was the victim of "false, misleading and deceptive" behaviour because she was not told that the non-invasive type of testing could return a false-positive.

Monash IVF has since suspended the non-invasive testing.

Ms Margalit said the decision her client made that was based on the test results had whittled away crucial time.

She has since been unable to find anyone willing to insert her embryo because it has already been labelled abnormal.

"Every week and month counts when you're in your 40s," Ms Margalit said.

"Some people fear that they've lost their last chance to produce their own genetically-related children."

Others, she said, had since made life-altering decisions based on those testing results.

"Other people have gone on to use donor embryos and many women are now questioning their decision to cease treatment. So, there really will be lifelong consequences," she said.

Monash IVF has been contacted for comment.

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Class action launched against Monash IVF over non-invasive embryo testing - ABC News

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

When I was 68, I went on a safari holiday in Namibia. My wife and I were bouncing around in the back of a Land Rover for two weeks and I felt a soreness on my nipple. I thought it was just the seatbelt rubbing against it so I didnt take much notice.

But I was still sore a month or so after we got back, and then I felt a small lump.

I knew men could get breast cancer, but I thought the likelihood of me having it was so low that I didnt do anything about it. It wasnt until a few months later when my wife playfully slapped me on the chest and felt the lump, which had grown substantially larger by this point, that I visited the GP.

My GP didnt think it was anything to worry about either, but he referred me to the hospital just in case, and a biopsy then confirmed I had stage 3 breast cancer.

I was treated pretty quickly. Just two weeks after my diagnosis, Id had a mastectomy, and then I went on to have chemotherapy and a lymph node clearance, followed by radiotherapy.

We have now completed work on our new state-of-the-art drug discovery centre to create more and better drugs for cancer patients. Here, we aim to develop a new generation of drugs that will make the difference to the lives of millions of people with cancer. Help us get research in the building off to the strongest possible start:

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With all the treatment over, I was getting back on the road to fitness and starting to move on, but it was then recommended I go for genetic testing.

Although we didnt know anything further back in the family history, my sister had recently had breast cancer and so the team in the breast clinic, and the nurse in particular, were very keen for me to get checked out.

The nurse explained what it all meant, and I thought it would be a good thing to do. I had the test and, when the results came back, they showed I had the BRCA2 mutation.

I called my sister straightaway, and she immediately decided to get tested.

The BRCA2 gene was discovered by scientists at the ICRin the 1990s and found to increase the risk of prostate and ovarian cancer, as well as breast cancer in both men and women.

My sister and her daughter have now both tested positive for the BRCA2 mutation, and my niece has chosen to get a double mastectomy as a preventative measure, which I think is incredibly brave of her.

When I got my test results back, it was explained to me that I was now at an increased risk of developing prostate cancer, and my consultant encouraged me to join the IMPACT study,which offers regular screening to men carrying mutations in BRCA1, BRCA2 or the Lynch Syndrome genes MSH2, MSH6 or MLH1.

Since joining the study, Ive been going for annual PSA checks, and just over two years ago it was discovered my PSA had gone up to 3.8, whereas normally it was 2.4.

Our scientists are renowned for their success in improving treatments for men with prostate cancer. Our wide-ranging programme of research has delivered huge benefits for patients helping men to live longer, improving their quality of life and increasing cure rates. Learn more about the latest updates on our prostate cancer research:

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The result wasnt that high but, because I was on the IMPACT study, I was referred straightaway and I then got a diagnosis of prostate cancer.

Ive since had 37 sessions of radiotherapy for my prostate cancer and am now on the hormone therapy goserelin, which Ill have every 12 weeks for the next three years.

Being told I had the BRCA2 mutation effectively saved my life. I dont think a PSA of 3.8 would have been enough for my GP to have referred me, and the prostate cancer could have been too far gone by the time it showed itself in symptoms.

I feel pretty lucky. Thanks to discovering I had the BRCA2 mutation, my prostate cancer was caught early, and I was able to receive the treatment I needed and get straight back to my normal life.

At the start of this year, my wife and I were travelling around New Zealand. The outbreak of coronavirus has obviously put a stop to any further travels since then, but were already planning our next adventures together and Im looking forward to carry on living the life I want with her by my side.

Our researchers identified the BRCA2 gene, which enabled families with a history of cancer to be assessed for future risk, and laid the groundwork for developing novel forms of therapy for BRCA-associated cancers. Learn more about our work related to BRCA genes:

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Science Talk - Being told I had the BRCA2 mutation effectively saved my life Tony's story - The - The Institute of Cancer Research

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

A new and versatile research presentation depicting key milestone developments in the global Predictive Genetic Testing Market has been added to the recent fast-growing data archive, which provides players with descriptive inputs on key market developments, trends and high revenue generation and overall guiding supplier activity. The report is carefully contrasted to cover all important aspects of the market development, continuing to strengthen the vitality of participants in the global Predictive Genetic Testing Market and to encourage unbiased market decisions amid fierce competition. The report maintains and leads the market by investing in strategic planning and investment discretion, maximizing high returns, balancing various market-specific developments such as inventory management, consumption and production development design, and motivating accurate advertising and promotional content. Designed to defend. Position in the fierce competition of the global Predictive Genetic Testing Market.

Essential Key Players involved in Global Predictive Genetic Testing Market are:

Agilent, Technologies, Inc., BGI Genomics, F.Hoffman-La Roche Ltd., Genes In Life., Invitae Corporation, Illumina, Inc., 23andMe, Myriad Genetics, Inc., Pathway Genomics and Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.

Request for a sample copy of this research report @ https://www.adroitmarketresearch.com/contacts/request-sample/1276?utm_source=re

The Predictive Genetic Testing Market Report is thoroughly structured to cover the development of significant milestones in the competitive spectrum, highlighting advanced market players and enhancing competition, completing a thorough guide to core competencies and investment value. The research elements presented in this advanced report have been prepared to ensure smooth decision-making based on thorough and unbiased research practices.

Key reader queries adequately addressed in the Predictive Genetic Testing Market Report include top vendors and business strategies driving growth, regional outlook and identification of growth hotspots, followed by noticeable growth delays, challenges, and potential threats, followed by a dwarf Leads to growth prospects. .

Our well-updated online research archives stand out across the globe and in regional areas and boast a constantly growing clientele with a dedicated presence in specific countries. As a highly preferred research and consulting service provider, we are committed to addressing multiple industries with in-depth insights favoring error-free deductions and forward-looking insights to support business decisions in the future.

Complete Summary with TOC Available @ https://www.adroitmarketresearch.com/industry-reports/predictive-genetic-testing-market?utm_source=re

Predictive Genetic Testing Market SegmentationType Analysis of Predictive Genetic Testing Market:

by Types (Predispositional Testing and Presymptomatic Testing), by Demographics (<35, 35 ? 64 and 65+)

Report Investment: Top 5 Reasons1. The Predictive Genetic Testing Market report entails multi-faceted information pertaining to diverse timelines across historical and current scenarios to influence future ready business decisions2. The report categorizes new business avenues and novel opportunities thus allowing players to redesign and generate novel growth models.3. The report delivers novel growth strategies thus allowing market investors to divert investments across novel fronts4. The report also allows market participants to identify and practice new growth strategies thus invoking ample profits across various segments and sub-segments.5. The report is a highly reliable investment guide to identify new trends in the market and encouraging market players to align with these trends in delivering optimistic growth outcome despite neck-deep competition.6. The Predictive Genetic Testing Market report also shares vital aspects on COVID-19 outbreak and eventual pandemic management.

Global Predictive Genetic Testing Market: Key Products1. Overall Predictive Genetic Testing Market Overview Summary2. Comprehensive Analysis Survey3. A systematic reference to recent and past market developments4. Growth prognosis by dominant segment and area completed with sub-segment presentation5. Clear view of current and past growth milestones through Predictive Genetic Testing Market size estimates6. Details of company references and strategic recommendations to diversify market presence.

Major Topics Covered in this Report:1. Study Coverage2. Executive Summary3. Predictive Genetic Testing Market Size by Manufacturers4. Production by Regions5. Consumption by Regions6. Predictive Genetic Testing Market Size by Type7. Predictive Genetic Testing Market Size by Application8. Manufacturers Profiles9. Production Forecasts10. Consumption Forecast11. Upstream, Industry Chain and Downstream Customers Analysis12. Opportunities and Challenges, Threat and Affecting Factors13. Key Findings14. Appendix

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Adroit Market Research is an India-based business analytics and consulting company. Our target audience is a wide range of corporations, manufacturing companies, product/technology development institutions and industry associations that require understanding of a markets size, key trends, participants and future outlook of an industry. We intend to become our clients knowledge partner and provide them with valuable market insights to help create opportunities that increase their revenues. We follow a code- Explore, Learn and Transform. At our core, we are curious people who love to identify and understand industry patterns, create an insightful study around our findings and churn out money-making roadmaps.

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Predictive Genetic Testing Market Business Opportunities, Leading Players, Trends Outlook Up to 2025Agilent, Technologies, Inc., BGI Genomics,...

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

SAN DIEGO, Dec. 23, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Bionano Genomics, Inc. (Nasdaq: BNGO) announced the publication of a study by the Human Genome Structural Variation Consortium (HGSVC) revealing that their sequencing method based on PacBio HiFi reads detected only 72% of the large SVs that Bionanos optical genome mapping (OGM) detected across 32 different human genomes. The consortium developed its custom sequencing method by combining sequencing with PacBio and the single-strand prep and sequencing method StrandSeq to establish a comprehensive catalog of human SVs with base-pair and haplotype resolution. The cost of this method is estimated, based on list pricing, to be between $10,000 and $20,000 per genome. OGM with Saphyr, which costs less than $500 per genome, was shown to be significantly more sensitive than the sequencing method.

Many of the SVs missed by the sequencing technologies overlapped with complex regions of the genome that cause microdeletion and microduplication syndromes, which are highly relevant clinically owing to their involvement in neurodevelopmental disorders. The analysis primarily focused on insertions and deletions, which are considered to be easier for sequencing to detect. Other studies have shown that OGM significantly outperforms sequencing for detection of other SVs, such as inversions and translocations, which are also highly clinically relevant, especially in cancer.

The publication did classify some large SVs as being uniquely detected by the sequencing-based method based on PacBio HiFi. Upon further analysis, however, most of these SVs were in fact identified by OGM, but classified differently. Overall, less than 2% of the large SVs detected by PacBio were missed by OGM.

Erik Holmlin, Ph.D., CEO of Bionano Genomics commented, This publication outlines one of the most comprehensive side-by-side comparisons of PacBio sequencing and Bionanos OGM for large SV detection. The unparalleled performance of Saphyr is remarkable because the Bionano data were generated on our commercially available Saphyr system and analyzed using its automated pipeline for a variable cost per genome of less than $500. With the latest update to Saphyrs software released this week, the instrument can now generate clinical quality SV calls on 12 samples per day per instrument and up to 96 samples per week.

Something else worth noting in these studies is that longer read lengths improve the accuracy of SV calls. With PacBios focus on matching Illumina-like read quality, their HiFi reads are significantly shorter than their traditional long-reads. By contrast, Saphyr images molecules that are consistently 20 to 30 times longer than PacBio reads. Sequencing reads are not getting longer, which we believe implies that Saphyr will remain the only effective and affordable technology currently capable of detecting the structural rearrangements in the genome that are involved in disease.

The publication is available at https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.12.16.423102v1

About Bionano GenomicsBionano is a genome analysis company providing tools and services based on its Saphyr system to scientists and clinicians conducting genetic research and patient testing, and providing diagnostic testing for those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other neurodevelopmental disabilities through its Lineagen business. Bionanos Saphyr system is a platform for ultra-sensitive and ultra-specific structural variation detection that enables researchers and clinicians to accelerate the search for new diagnostics and therapeutic targets and to streamline the study of changes in chromosomes, which is known as cytogenetics. The Saphyr system is comprised of an instrument, chip consumables, reagents and a suite of data analysis tools, and genome analysis services to provide access to data generated by the Saphyr system for researchers who prefer not to adopt the Saphyr system in their labs. Lineagen has been providing genetic testing services to families and their healthcare providers for over nine years and has performed over 65,000 tests for those with neurodevelopmental concerns. For more information, visitwww.bionanogenomics.com or http://www.lineagen.com.

Forward-Looking StatementsThis press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Words such as may, will, expect, plan, anticipate, estimate, intend and similar expressions (as well as other words or expressions referencing future events, conditions or circumstances) convey uncertainty of future events or outcomes and are intended to identify these forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include statements regarding our intentions, beliefs, projections, outlook, analyses or current expectations concerning, among other things, Saphyrs continued position as the only effective and affordable technology capable of detecting structural variations in the genome that are involved in disease. Each of these forward-looking statements involves risks and uncertainties. Actual results or developments may differ materially from those projected or implied in these forward-looking statements. Factors that may cause such a difference include the risks and uncertainties associated with: the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business and the global economy; general market conditions; changes in the competitive landscape and the introduction of competitive products; changes in our strategic and commercial plans; our ability to obtain sufficient financing to fund our strategic plans and commercialization efforts; the ability of medical and research institutions to obtain funding to support adoption or continued use of our technologies; the loss of key members of management and our commercial team; and the risks and uncertainties associated withour business and financial condition in general, including the risks and uncertainties described in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including, without limitation, our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 and in other filings subsequently made by us with the Securities and Exchange Commission. All forward-looking statements contained in this press release speak only as of the date on which they were made and are based on management's assumptions and estimates as of such date. We do not undertake any obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of the receipt of new information, the occurrence of future events or otherwise.

CONTACTSCompany Contact:Erik Holmlin, CEOBionano Genomics, Inc.+1 (858) 888-7610eholmlin@bionanogenomics.com

Investor Relations Contact:Ashley R. RobinsonLifeSci Advisors, LLC+1 (617) 430-7577arr@lifesciadvisors.com

Media Contact:Darren Opland, PhDLifeSci Communications+1 (617) 733-7668darren@lifescicomms.com

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Publication Reveals in Side-by-Side Comparison that Method Using PacBio Sequencing Detects Only 72% of the Large Structural Variants Detected by...

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

The primary aim of the globalDTC Genetic Testing Marketresearch report is to evaluate, describe, and forecast the DTC Genetic Testing market globally based on the various factors like organization size, region, service, application, segments, deployment mode, and verticals. The global DTC Genetic Testing market research report distinctly evaluates every segment {Disease Risk and Health, Ancestry or Genealogy, Kinship, Lifestyle}; {On-line Sales, Doctors Office} influencing the growth factors, restraining factors for the growth, contribution to the total DTC Genetic Testing market and the future developments.

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The global DTC Genetic Testing market research report gives a comprehensive data and analysis about the worldwide market. The report further gives the data that one could rely on; which comes with in-depth analysis of DTC Genetic Testing market. Different factors like in-depth description of DTC Genetic Testing market, growth factors, segmentation, regional analysis, sales, supply, demand, manufacture analysis, recent trends, and competing companies are included in the DTC Genetic Testing report. The exquisite data provided in global DTC Genetic Testing market research report is explanatory in terms of quantity as well as quality.

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The global DTC Genetic Testing market research report consists of porter Five Forces model and SWOT analysis. For the validations of the data both Top-down method and Bottom-up method were used.

All the major players Color Genomics, Laboratory Corporation of America, MapMyGenome, Gene by Gene, 23andMe, African Ancestry, Helix, WeGene, Myriad Genetics, Pathway Genomics, Quest Diagnostics, Thermo Fisher leading in the DTC Genetic Testing market are mentioned in the report along with their regions-wise dominance.

A detail region-wise segmentation is also been involved in the global DTC Genetic Testing market research report to make a clear.

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Global DTC Genetic Testing Market Growth Graph To Demonstrate Inclination Towards Positive Axis By 2026 - The Courier

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

FIRTH The annual Adams Connection Snake River Valley Genetics Bull Sale has evolved over five decades, but what remains constant is the continued commitment to raising high-quality Black Angus and Lim-Flex registered cattle.

The first sale was held in 1969 by Bob and Opal Adams in Leadore. Their son Chet and his wife Phyllis joined the sale in the mid-1970s. After the untimely death from a drowning accident of the elder Adams, Chet and Phyllis carried on the tradition and moved the sale to Blackfoot, near their Firth-area ranch.

In the years since, Chet and Phyllis labored to improve each years sale. Their commitment to integrity and raising top quality cattle became their main focus. Sadly, Phyllis passed away last year after a long battle with Alzheimers.

She was an integral part of the ranch and sale. Ours was a team effort. Her unwavering contribution and partnership is greatly missed, Chet said.

Eight years ago, the Arnold and Teresa Callison family of Rimrock Angus in Blackfoot and the Wade and Vicki Beckman family of Beckman Livestock in Roberts joined the Adams Connection Snake River Genetics Bull Sale.

The 2021 sale will be Wednesday March 3, beginning at 1 p.m., at the Blackfoot Livestock Auction Company at 93 Rich Lane. Producers can also bid online at LiveAuctionsTV. The sale attracts producers from around Idaho and surrounding states. Seventy-six Black Angus Bulls and 22 Lim-Flex Bulls will be sold. Lim-Flex bulls are a cross between a Limousin and a Red or Black Angus.

Until last fall, heifers and cows were sold during the annual sale in Blackfoot. Last October, Adams, Callison and Beckman started their first annual all-female sale called, The Gems of Idaho Female Sale, featuring 42 head of Lim-Flex and Black Angus open heifers, bred heifers and cows.

The 2021 sale will be held at the new Bonneville County Fairgrounds at 1542 East 73rd South in Idaho Falls on Saturday October 30th.

Our first female fall sale was a success. Cattle sold into seven states as well as locally, Adams said.

Each animal has behind him or her years of genetic improvement, which is proved out with DNA, ultrasound and performance testing, Adams said.

Technology has really changed the whole schematics of breeding and is another tool to help us. We put a lot of emphasis on performance and balanced expected progeny differences (EPD), including strong maternal values. As we continue to forge the genetic link, our goal is to breed sound cattle with a lot of capacity, length, good feet and udders, Adams said, and Beckman added, And with the access we have to artificial insemination, its unlimited in what genetics we can try, and we do.

Altogether the families represent about 150 years of experience in the seed stock livestock business. Each grew up on ranches, were in 4-H, FFA and Junior Angus shows.

We were all born and raised on ranches. We all work closely together and have the same philosophies of raising quality seed stock. They are all really good people to work with, Chet Adams said, and Arnold Callison added, We like cattle, and its a bad addiction that we cant get out of.

The secret to their success is improved genetics which helps to improve the herds of the commercial cattle producer, along with an emphasis on personal integrity.

If a buyer has a problem with one of our bulls, we fix it. We take care of our customers, Adams said.

For more than 30 years, Adams was a teacher and administrator in schools in Firth, Alaska and Shelley. Along the way, he and Phyllis purchased neighboring ranches, expanding their land holdings and cow herd in East Idaho.

We lived on my principals salary, and put all the profit we made from the ranch back into it. Its something we enjoyed. We had a goal and we went after it, Adams said.

Callison worked on the Pat Goggins family's Vermillion Ranch in Billings for several years before returning to lease Adams ranch while the Adams were in Alaska. Today, hes the vice president and a loan officer at the Bank of Commerce in Blackfoot.

The Pat Goggins family's Vermillion Ranch is the largest Angus operation in the world and theyre great people, Callison said. Were still friends, and I picked up auctioneering from them too.

Each year, Callison volunteers his auctioneering talents to about 10 4-H and FFA auctions and about 25-35 community fundraisers like the annual Christmas Tree Fantasy in Blackfoot.

The opportunity to lease Chets place gave us a chance to come back here where Teresa and I are from. Weve always stayed close and have worked together quite a bit, he said. And auctioneering has been really fun, I really enjoy it.

Their children are activity involved in the cattle operation. Tiffany and Jered Hansen are in charge of marketing, Darrell and Jenny Callison help with the cattle, and have their own herd called Western Skies Angus. Mark and Charissa Callison are the computer experts, Callison said.

Our kids and grandkids have never been to Disneyland or Disney World, but they have been to every livestock show there is, Callison said. Our grandkids Angie and Conner are very active in the operation and our newest granddaughters, twins Maisy and Elaina will have the same opportunity.

The Beckmans have raised both commercial and registered cattle in the Roberts area and also raise cattle for 4-H and FFA exhibitors. In 1979 the Beckmans purchased their first Limousin bull and were so impressed they found themselves in the purebred industry, Wade said. In 2000, they incorporated Lim-Flex cattle into their operation.

The hybrid advantage is huge. These genetics have helped us to create the ultimate beef machine, the feeders and packers love them, Beckman said. This is something we take a lot of pride in. Were not high-end guys who dont know which end of the cow the hay goes in.

Wade currently serves on the board of the North American Limousin Foundation and his wife Vicki Beckman manages the day-to-day cattle operation along with their son Sedar. Sedar and his wife

Danna Beckman along with daughter Winston are partners in the operation. Sedar and Danna have degrees in Sustainable Agriculture from the University of Wyoming in Laramie, WY. Danna Beckman is the manager of the DL Evans Bank in Rigby.

Their daughter Devori has a masters degree in breeding and genetics from Colorado State University. Shes a co-manager of a Walmart store in Nebraska. Shes married to Dr. Matt Spangler, a professor of Animal Science and Beef Genetics Extension Specialist at the University of Nebraska in Lincoln, NE., and along with their son Jack, contribute the latest genetic research to the ranch operation.

Chet and Phyllis dont have an heir to take over the family business. Their youngest son who was the most interested in ranching died in a plane crash in 2000. Their daughter, Lisa Adams lives in Boise and another son, Eric Adams, is a doctor of chiropractic medicine in Idaho Falls.

I love this business. I always have. Im not ready to quit yet, Chet Adams said, and Callison added, Wade and I are increasing our herds so that when Chet cuts down we can pick up a bit.

All three families look forward to the annual auction.

One of our favorite days of the year is sale day, Callison said. If I could work as hard as my wife Teresa, I could run two ranches on the side. Its enjoyable to be surrounded by family and visit with old friends, and we serve the best lunch and cookies in the land.

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East Idaho ranchers find strength in unified bull auction - Post Register

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

People who experience a burning sensation in the lower abdomen may have a condition of the urological, gynecological, or digestive system.

Causes of a burning sensation in the lower abdomen may include gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcer disease (PUD), kidney stones, certain gynecological conditions, and cancer.

People should note that a burning sensation in the lower abdomen is not common. It is more common in the upper abdomen, where the pain is usually associated with GERD or PUD.

A burning sensation in the lower abdomen often comes with urination, which means that it may be a urinary tract infection (UTI). However, a UTI may not present with any abdominal pain. For females, there are multiple gynecological conditions associated with lower abdominal pain that might feel similar to burning.

There are other conditions that could be associated with a burning sensation in the lower abdomen. People should talk with a doctor about their symptoms.

Keep reading to learn more about the possible causes of a burning sensation in the lower abdomen, including any associated symptoms and how to treat them.

A burning sensation in the abdomen may be a symptom of GERD, which is a chronic condition affecting the digestive system. It is one of the most common digestive conditions in the United States.

Doctors can identify certain risk factors for developing GERD. For example, some people have motor anomalies that affect the movements of the esophagus. This can affect the ability of the esophagus to clear its contents.

Another possible risk factor is dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter, which can allow acidic stomach contents to rise up through the esophagus.

Aside from a burning sensation in the abdomen, people with GERD may experience:

Doctors may recommend several strategies to treat GERD, including certain lifestyle changes, medications, surgery, and endoluminal therapy.

They may first recommend the following self-care strategies:

It may also help to avoid the following potential trigger items, though the research into the effectiveness of avoiding them is limited:

Instead, a doctor may simply advise a person to avoid foods and beverages that they know worsen their symptoms.

Some medications that can help treat GERD include histamine blockers and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs).

For people with severe symptoms that do not respond to the above self-care strategies or medications, surgery or endoluminal therapy may be necessary.

People with PUD may also experience a burning sensation in the abdomen.

Doctors will diagnose PUD when the inner lining of the stomach, small intestine, or lower esophagus becomes compromised by stomach acid secretions or pepsin. This is an enzyme that breaks down protein.

Doctors have identified several factors that may cause PUD, including:

Smoking may also play a role in intestinal ulcers, while alcohol consumption can irritate the stomach and promote gastric acid release into the stomach.

People with PUD experience upper abdominal pain, right below the ribs, about 1530 minutes after eating a meal. If the person has an ulcer in the small intestine, the pain may only begin 23 hours after a meal.

Some other signs and symptoms of PUD include:

The following warning signs require immediate emergency care and a consultation with a gastroenterologist:

Doctors will treat PUD with medications or surgery. The options for medication therapy include the same drugs often recommended for GERD. PPIs are the preferred treatment because their action is superior to that of histamine receptor antagonists.

If a person tests positive for H. pylori infection, they may require antibiotics. The treatment for H. pylori infection includes two antibiotics and a PPI. People whose conditions do not respond to this protocol may require a quadruple therapy with bismuth and different antibiotics.

If possible, some doctors may recommend that people stop taking medications that contribute to PUD. However, people should not stop taking any medications without first seeking the advice of a doctor.

People with refractory disease that does not respond to medication may require surgery.

People develop kidney stones when a crystal, usually comprising calcium, travels from the kidney through the urinary tract. Kidney stones do not always cause problems and health complications, but some can get stuck and lead to medical issues.

Some risk factors for kidney stones include:

People with kidney stones may not experience any symptoms. The most common symptom of kidney stones is a sharp pain radiating to the groin when the stone begins traveling down the ureter. People may describe this pain as dull, colicky, sharp, or severe.

Some individuals may feel nauseous or vomit because of the pain. Blood in the urine is also common. Some people may also report a burning sensation when urinating.

Doctors may need to prescribe pain relief medications, since passing a kidney stone is often very painful. People may also take NSAIDs to help with pain. Increasing fluid intake is also important.

Tamsulosin is a drug that helps people pass kidney stones; it reduces the stimulation of the smooth muscle in the urethra.

If a doctor finds a kidney stone that is 6 millimeters or larger, they may need to intervene to manually remove it from the urinary tract.

UTIs are bacterial infections of the urinary bladder. Doctors categorize UTIs as either complicated or uncomplicated. An uncomplicated UTI occurs in people who are otherwise healthy and not pregnant.

The most common bacteria that cause UTIs include:

People with a UTI may experience:

People who are very young or old may experience subtle or unusual symptoms. For example, older adults with a UTI may present with confusion or an altered mental state.

The symptoms of a complicated UTI are usually similar to those of an uncomplicated UTI.

Doctors treat UTIs with antibiotics. To select the most appropriate antibiotic to treat the infection, the doctor will consider the persons risk factors for infection with a pathogen that is resistant to multiple drugs.

People with a low risk may receive a first-line therapy such as:

Learn more about UTIs here.

Different gynecological conditions can cause pain in the lower abdomen that might feel like a burning sensation. These conditions may include:

During ovulation, a fluid filled sac, or cyst, may form on an ovary. Most are benign, but they can sometimes rupture and require intervention.

Painful menstruation, or dysmenorrhea, refers to pain during menstruation without a disease of the pelvis. Sometimes, other conditions can cause painful periods.

Endometriosis is a chronic condition of the female reproductive system wherein the tissue that normally lines the uterus grows in other parts of the abdomen.

The following table lists some of the symptoms associated with ruptured cysts, painful menstruation, and endometriosis.

Depending on the diagnosis of a burning sensation in the lower abdomen with a gynecological cause, a doctor will select the most appropriate treatment.

The following table lists some treatment options for causes of a burning sensation in the lower abdomen.

Certain cancers of the digestive, urological, and gynecological tracts may present with pain in the lower abdomen.

Depending on the type of cancer, people may experience different symptoms. However, the condition may also go unnoticed.

Although cancer is more common in older adults, anyone with troubling symptoms should arrange an evaluation by a doctor.

The following table lists some warning signs and symptoms of urological, digestive, and gynecological cancers.

Different types of cancer require different treatments. These may include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Surgery aims to remove the cancer tissue, whereas chemotherapy and radiation therapy use medications or high energy rays to kill cancer cells.

Doctors may select a treatment based on the cancers location and stage. Sometimes, people may require a combination of treatments.

People with digestive cancers may also receive targeted therapies and immunotherapy.

People who experience a burning sensation in the lower abdomen may have a digestive, gynecological, or urological condition.

By investigating the other associated symptoms and the persons medical history, doctors can diagnose a burning sensation in the lower abdomen and choose the most appropriate treatment option for it.

A doctor may also consider some other abdominal conditions, especially in older adults. These may include cancers of the gastrointestinal, gynecological, or urological systems.

Be sure to contact a doctor for a complete evaluation to determine the correct diagnosis and receive the appropriate treatment.

Excerpt from:
Burning sensation in lower abdomen: Causes and treatments - Medical News Today

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

A Council Grove native who took down a mountain goat earlier this fall in southeast Alaska can now lay claim to a world record.

Kaleb Baird, 33, a Council Grove High School graduate, shot the massivebilly goat on Sept. 11 of this year. On Dec. 5, the Pope and Young Club convened a special panel of judges in Prescott, Ariz., to measure the potential world record, and the judges scored the goat at53 4/8 inches, making it the largest bow-harvested mountain goat in North America by just two-eighths of an inch.

The previous record was set just10months prior, on Feb. 15, by fellow Alaskan Rosey Roseland. Roseland'sgoat was taken onRevillagigedo Island in Alaska and measured53 2/8 inches officially.

"Congratulations to Kaleb Baird on his very special Rocky Mountain Goat, and the Pope and Young Club's new World Record," Eli Randall, director of records for the Pope and Young Club, said in a news release shortly after Baird'srecord goatwas scored.

Randall said Baird's goat was the third Rocky Mountain goat to meet the criteria to go through a special panel in the last 12 1/2 months.

Baird's goat will be on display at the Pope and Young's Biennial Awards Convention from April 14-17, 2021, in Reno, Nev. The event marks the 60th anniversary of the club.

Baird now joins Paslie Werth, of Cimarron, and Brian Butcher, of Andover, as recent Kansans to harvest world-class animals.

Werth, 14, set a Boone and Crockett world record with her 42-point whitetail buck shot Sept. 6, pulling in a net score of 271 4/8 inches following a mandatory 60-day drying periodto secure her deer's place in history as the largest nontypical whitetail harvested by a female in the world, as well as making her the youngest record holder in Kansas. The deer is currently the fifth-largest buck of any kind taken in state history, and broke Jamie Remmers' 23-year-old state record for largest nontypical whitetail harvested by a female at 257 1/8 inches.

"The Butcher Buck," meanwhile, is perhaps the most legendary rackin the state. The gnarly, 67-point nontypical spread unofficially measured an astounding 321 3/8 inches last October when it was taken in Chase County. The deer is set to be officially measured in 2022 and is thought to be good for the fourth-largest nontypical deer ever taken.

Kaleb's father Ken Baird, a 1969 Topeka High graduate who now lives in Manhattan, got him started on the sport at a young age when they lived in Council Grove.

"When he was knee-high to a grasshopper, I'd take him pheasant hunting," Ken said. "He started real young."

Council Grove also was where Kaleb got his start in bowhunting, as he would go deer hunting each year. But the Bairds soon began to expand their journeys as Ken started working in Alaska.

"I had a fishing boat for quite a few years up in Alaska and I thought I'd start taking him up there in southeast Alaska, and he just has always loved to hunt," Ken said. " ... How I got started up in Alaska is when I graduated from Topeka High, I went to the University of Alaska, and I met a bunch of guys up there. Always kept going back up there."

He said there's nothing else quite like the wilderness in the 49th state.

"They call it the Last Frontier, and it really is," Ken said. "It's beautiful country."

Kaleb joined his father in the Alaska fishing industry in 2014, and would go back and forth from Council Grove for nearly fiveyears before moving up to Petersburg, Alaska, early last year as a full-time resident. He said he mainly fishes commercially for salmon.

After gaining residency, Kaleb put in for a lottery permit for a "pretty unique" mountain goat herd. About 150 hunters applied for the permit last year, and the stategave out just two billy tags. And as luck would have it, Kaleb got a tag.

Mountain goat season in Alaska runs Aug. 1 through the end of the year, meaning he had some time to plan his goat hunt.

Between COVID-19, his hectic work schedule and the uncertain weather, however, Kaleb couldn't line anybody up to go with him, so he decided to go alone in the second week of September.

That meant when he finallydid shoot his trophy billy goat in September, he had a long haul to get it back home a journey that lasted about almost three days in bear country, according to Kaleb's father.

Kaleb, who lives on a remoteisland in the southeast part of Alaska, had to get a water transporter to get to the even more remote hunting area a stretch of mainland just north of Ketchikan. He said the ride was about two hours from his island.

He hiked up the mountain with about eight days of supplies on his back.

"I hadn't been in this country before," Kaleb said. "I'd talked to some biologists and guys who had hunted it years and years ago. This hunt was closed for a lot of years and this was the reinitiation, I guess, was these two billy tags they allowed for this year.

"I didn't really know what to expect."

On the fourth day, Kaleb spotted his goat. It took him about a half-day to get up the mountain to where he needed to be. By the time he got where the goat was when he started, it had already relocated, meaning he had to keep moving.

"I did find him and another smaller billy together late in the afternoon when I was about to give up," Kaleb said. "It worked out, I just kind of stumbled into him at 30 yards. Put a good shot on him, and he decided he was going to dive off into a big avalanche chute and dropped about seven- or eight-hundred foot in elevation probably in a matter of seconds."

It took Kaleb a couple hours to get down to the goat after it fell. Once he reached it, he was able to quarter it up and pack away the meat. In Alaska, he said, you've got to salvage all the edible meat, which includes "neck meat, tenderloins, backstraps, ribs, everything."

"Then the real work began," Kaleb said.

From where the goat ended up after getting shot in the avalanche chute, Kaleb said, there was another 600- to 700-foot decline that was quite treacherous.

"I knew I couldn't go back up the hill with him, my only option was to go down, but I didn't know exactly what was below," Kaleb said. "So I took him all at once. What I did was, I basically just tied all the meat bags together and I would kind of throw them in front of me a little ways and then I'd step down a couple steps and lower the meat down."

To make matters worse, he was trying to get down the mountain in darkness, as he had reachedthe goat around5 p.m. and the sun set around 7:30 p.m. He began running out of steam, and decided to set up camp for the night on a ledge with his meat. The next morning, when he resumed his descent, he was met with an unexpected visitor.

"That's when I came across a black bear that had found the carcass up above me from the night before," Kaleb said. "The chute was super narrow and steep, and it was inevitable that we were going to cross paths.

"But he didn't give me too much of an issue. I let him know I was around and he went on his way and I went on mine."

Before his trip, Kaleb had joked with his friends that he was going to shoot a record goat.

While it may seem like a premonition, it was actually just an educated guess.

"This particular goat herd, it had been known back 20, 30 years ago for some of the biggest billies to come out of the state of Alaska," Kaleb said. "And then they closed the hunt. It was kind of an isolated herd that they wanted to do some studies on and monitor for a while. There was some logging going on in the area and a few other reasons.

"This herd just has abnormally large horn genetics, so going in I knew with the caveat it hadn't been huntedin 16, 18 yearsit was kind of a double whammy that the potential was there for a really big billy."

As this was his first real mountain goat hunt, he said he was by no means a field judge and really didn't know when he saw the goat that it was a potential world record. He said the smaller billy that was with his goat gave him some perspective as far as it being a good-sizedgoat, but other than that he didn't know for sure.

However, before he went on his hunt, he had to study up, taking an online course on identification and studying online what he was looking for in a trophy goat.

"It was obvious this billy had some incredible mass when I first found him," Kaleb said. "... I had a pretty good idea this was a pretty substantial billy."

And as massive as the goat's horns were, they were actually damaged a little by the fall, as Kaleb said it clippedabout an inch off the right side.

Aside from mountain goats, Alaska has a variety of big game species to pursue, including bear, moose, Sitka black-tailed deer and elk.

And as luck would have it, Kaleb actually drew an elk tag this year, as well as his goat tag.

"Because of this goat hunt, that was kind of first and foremost," Kaleb said. "It took up most of my free time. I'd love to get another crack at hunting elk here, it's kind of neat. It's a really tough area to hunt."

Read more:
World-record mountain goat shot with bow by Kansas native in Alaska - The Topeka Capital-Journal

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

A well attended online Campus course staged by the SIG Reproductive Genetics heard that the expansion of sequencing analysis is poised to push forward the development of cost-effective preconception tests able to identify several underlying genetic causes of infertility

The everyday implications of preconceptional medicine have so far been largely evident in lifestyle advice conducive to successful pregnancy, but a well attended online Campus meeting staged in December suggests that genomic medicine has an increasingly important role to play. Sessions at the meeting not only covered the much debated subject of genetic risk assessment by expanded carrier screening, but explored the application of genome-wide sequencing in recurrent miscarriage, in predicting ART outcomes from parental genome analysis, and even in explaining the different responses to ovarian stimulation with gonadotrophins. Such subjects, especially expanded carrier screening, are not without their ethical problems, notably in the disclosure (or not) of secondary findings, so it was also appropriate at this meeting to hear a preview of ESHREs forthcoming recommendations on expanded carrier screening in ART.

In his opening lecture Stphane Viville, a former coordinator of ESHREs SIG Reproductive Genetics, said that known genetic and chromosomal factors account for around 20% of all infertility cases, with three additional (and relatively unknown) phenotypes now moving into active research: POI, oocyte maturation defect, and preimplantation embryonic lethality, all of which were covered at this meeting. Viville added that so far at least 21 genes have been implicated in POI and advised that genetics is now getting more and more into IVF labs and no longer confined to chromosomal aberrations or microdeletions on the Y chromosome.

Much of the content of this Campus course has been explored in detail in a recent Human Reproduction Update review, whose first author, Antonio Capalbo, is deputy of ESHREs SIG Reproductive Genetics and an organiser of this course.(1) In the review, as was repeatedly implied at this meeting, Capalbo et al note that the expansion of sequencing analysis may enable the development of cost-effective preconception tests capable of identifying underlying genetic causes of infertility, which until now have largely been defined as idiopathic.

One such step in this move towards a more positive and personalised approach to preconceptional medicine is in genetic risk assessment by expanded carrier screening, which occupied a large section of this meeting. James Goldberg, prominent in the development of ECS, said its availability now steps beyond the disparities and restrictions of ethnicity-specific screening and aims to inform couples about their risk of having children with autosomal recessive and X-linked recessive disorders and thereby to support informed decision making. Nevertheless, two of the current guidance statements on ECS cited by Goldberg both from the USA are largely based on ethnicity screening with an emphasis on cystic fibrosis and spinal muscular dystrophy. ECS, said Goldberg, represents a more equitable approach to identifying risk. Such risk assessment in both the general population and IVF couples - will allow identification of those who carry recessive mutations, and thereby provide increased reproductive autonomy to couples deemed at risk and where PGT is available for embryo selection.

However, when a publicly provided ECS programme was set up in Amsterdam offering a test panel of 50 genes (at a cost of 650 euro per test) and following the guidance of the European Society of Human Genetics, there was a relatively quiet response (20%) from the general risk population, and higher (80%) from the high risk population.(2) Nevertheless, assessment of the programme, began in 2016, appeared to raise more questions than answers, and no clear resolution of how such a programme might be best provided. Capalbo and his fellow Update reviewers concluded that ECS represents one of the most effective and advanced applications of preconception genomic medicine worldwide today and is expected to grow in application in coming years.

The preview of recommendations from ESHREs Ethics Committee was specifically about ECS ahead of ART (and not just involving gamete donors). Thus, asked Dutch bioethicist Guido de Wert, would the offer of ECS to all such applicants be proportionate, and if so, for what kinds of disorders and under what conditions? Applying the three ethicists principles of proportionality, respect for autonomy and justice, De Wert firstly noted that any possible benefits should clearly outweigh any possible harms, that ECS should still be embedded in a research framework, and that a couples access to ECS should only be on condition that they take preventive measures and apply for PGT, donor gametes, or, maybe, prenatal diagnosis.

Even the outcome of fertility treatments may well be affected by genetic mutations, and such extreme outcomes as oocyte maturation failure and embryonic developmental arrest are now investigated as a genetic cause of infertility. Indeed, Semra Kahraman from theIstanbul Memorial Hospital reported that variants in more than 2000 genes are now predicted to be involved in various infertility pathways. She described her own study in which 22 IVF patients whose repeated failure was attributed to oocyte maturation failure and embryo development arrest and who were investigated using whole exome sequencing panels. Family history analysis had also identified infertility and early menopause in the family of nine of the subjects. The analysis identified genomic variants in eight of the 22 subjects, including four genes known to be lethal at the embryonic stage.

With ovarian ageing identified as one of todays most frequent causes of infertility, John Berry, an MRC investigator from Cambridge, reported in a keynote lecture that ten years ago population studies had identified four common genetic variants associated with menopause. Today, he added, there are now more than 300 loci identified, which explain around 10% of the heritable component. Too few to be clinically useful? he asked. Again, there appeared more questions than answers, notably if POI can be explained solely by monogenic alleles and if menopausal age can indeed be predicted by genetics.

The conclusions from this meeting, as well as the increasing number of genes and variants identified, suggest that genomic assessment ahead of conception may have real clinical benefits at both the individual (in identifying genetic risks in the male and female partner) and the couple level (in allowing a specific reproductive prognosis). Information at this early stage may thus lay the basis for personalised interventions, and certainly make at-risk couples better informed of their reproductive choices.

1. Capalbo A, Poli M, Riera-Escamilla A, et al. Preconception genome medicine: current state and future perspectives to improve infertility diagnosis and reproductive and health outcomes based on individual genomic data, Hum Reprod Update 2020; doi:10.1093/humupd/dmaa044

2. Henneman L, Borry P, Chokoshvili D, et al. Responsible implementation of expanded carrier screening. Eur J Hum Genet 2016; 24: e1-e12. doi:10.1038/ejhg.2015.27

See the original post:
The expanding role of genomics in preconceptional 'personalised' medicine - ESHRE

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

21 December 2020

Session three of the Progress Educational Trust (PET) annual conference explored the genetic and genomic links to susceptibility to severe COVID-19. Sarah Norcross, director at PET, opened the session with the unfortunate news that one of the speakers Dr Kri Stefnsson was unable to participate in the session due to illness.

The session was chaired by Dr Roger Highfield, science director at the Science Museum Group mild-mannered and a clear speaker, he chaired the session with ease. Dr Highfield introduced the first speaker Dr Sharon Moalem a scientist and physician who specialises in genetics. Dr Moalem is a bestselling author, with titles including: 'How Sex Works', 'Inheritance: How Our Genes Change Our Lives and Our Lives Change Our Genes', and 'The Better Half: On the Genetic Superiority of Women' (see BioNews 1050).

Dr Moalem focused his talk on the law of homogameity, and whether COVID-19 illustrates the genetic/genomic resiliency of women. He began by briefing the audience on the basics of mammalian genetics, how we have 46 chromosomes, one pair of which is sex chromosomes, containing either XX for a female, termed homogametic, or XY for a male, termed heterogametic. A system has arisen in females, where in each cell one X chromosomes is 'turned off', called X-inactivation or silencing. However, it has now been discovered that X-inactivation is not complete, and that about 25 percent of the second X chromosome is still active. Dr Moalem explained that this allows females to have more 'genetic horse power' within each of her cells.

X-linked conditions, such as fragile X, red-green colour blindness and Duchene muscular dystrophy, are more common in males, as men do not have another X chromosome. Females do not simply have a 'back up X', but in some cases their non-faulty gene produces and shares the required protein, essentially rescuing the cells containing the faulty gene, which would have died. In other cases, cells with such a mutation do not survive, but cell lines with the healthy X proliferate to compensate. This leads to tissues with an uneven distribution of active Xs, called X-skewing.

Moving onto COVID-19, why is the mortality rate for males higher than that for females? Dr Moalem proposed the law of homogameity, which predicts that the homogametic sex has a survival advantage across the life course. Females have a greater genetic diversity due to having an extra X-chromosome, which equates to 1000 more genes. The X chromosome contains many immune-related genes eg, TLR7 which is used by certain cells in the body to detect for single-stranded RNA viruses, like SARS-CoV-2, the virus which leads to COVID-19. As females have two variations of TLR7 they have two different immune cell populations to help detect the virus. However, there is a cost to homogameity increased autoimmunity, with 'long COVID' proving to be four times more common in women.

In the USA there is currently no requirement for drug approval from the FDA to use both male and female cells. Scientists can use just one sex, yet females' cells work in a corporative way. Dr Moalem believes there should be a completely separate drug approval process as many drugs behave differently in men and women.

Dr Highfield returned to introduce the second speaker Dr Qian Zhang a research associate at the St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, at Rockefeller University in New York City. Dr Zhang's research specialises in inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) inherited disorders that impair normal immune development and function.

Dr Zhang focused her talk on type I interferon immunity in patients with life-threatening COVID-19 and began by explaining how early on in the pandemic it became clear that people infected with SARS-CoV-2 responded differently. Most were asymptomatic and developed either no or very mild clinical symptoms. A small proportion of patients developed life-threatening disease. This phenomenon is seen in all infectious diseases from bacteria, fungi and viruses.

Dr Zhang and her research team studied whether the same genetic mutations already known to be associated with life-threatening influenza infections also increase the risk of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. There are three genes, TLR3, IRF7 and IRF9, in the type I interferon pathway that are mutated in people who develop life-threatening influenza. In addition, ten further genes, IFNAR1, IFNAR2, STAT1, STAT2, IRF3, UNC93B, TRIF, NEMO, TRAF3 and TBK1, are reported to affect severity of other viral infections.

Type I interferon is a cytokine and has 17 different subtypes, which lead to the stimulation of several hundred interferon-stimulated genes that have an antiviral function. Hence, if this pathway is disrupted by a genetic mutation, viruses are able to gain a foothold more easily.

Dr Zhang's team sequenced the whole of the genome of over 600 severe COVID-19 patients to determine whether they had mutations in any of these 13 genes and discovered over 118 variants, of which, 24 resulted in loss of function.

Four patients with autosomal recessive mutations causing a complete loss of function in IRF7 and IFNAR1had never been hospitalised before contracting COVID-19, much to Dr Zhang's surprise. IRF7 is a transcription factor that amplifies the antiviral signal of type I interferon, and IFNAR1 is one of two proteins that make the receptor for type I interferons. Patients with these mutations are unable to mount an interferon response to COVID-19 infection.

Dr Zhang reassuringly explained that these mutations are rare, less than one in 1000 in the population, as such they cannot explain why there are so many people dying of COVID-19. This led Dr Zhang to the second part of her research: studying whether auto-antibodies against type I interferons lead to the same phenotype as these rare mutations.

Over ten percent of patients with life-threatening COVID-19 make auto-antibodies against two of the type I interferons. These neutralising auto-antibodies can entirely block the protective effect of type I interferons, which may be the cause of severe COVID-19.

Surprisingly, 95 percent of patients with these auto-antibodies were male and only six were female. One of these female patients had incontinentia pigmenti (IP), which is caused by a NEMO mutation on the X chromosome, leading to skewed X-inactivation a perfect example of the genetic diseases Dr Moalem was discussing earlier in the session. Even though such patients have two X chromosomes, most of the tissues in their bodies express just one X chromosome, and so these females are more similar to males in terms of susceptibility.

Combining both parts of her research, Dr Zhang's team discovered that selected patients with TLR3 and IRF7 mutations could simply be treated with type I interferon. However, this treatment did not work for patients with IFNAR1 mutations because the receptor is absent, but treatment with wildtype IFNAR1 was successful. Unfortunately, neither treatment worked for patients with auto-antibodies.

In her opinion COVID-19 could be considered an X-linked disease, even though the candidate on the X-chromosome has yet to be discovered and furthermore, type I interferon immunity is essential to control COVID-19 infection.

Dr Highfield returned to update the audience on Dr Stefnsson's research, investigating the genetic code of each COVID-19 infection in Iceland, giving an insight into the origins, and how the infection was caught, spread and mutated. Surprisingly, a large number of cases came from the UK. Similar research in the UK has detected 1356 independent introductions of the virus, mostly due to inbound international travel a third came from Spain, over a quarter from France and 14 percent from Italy.

The session provoked interesting discussions within the Q&As, with the first asking Dr Moalem whether females are less severely affected by other viruses, which he concluded as true, particularly for influenza. But even for HIV-1, women are much better at clearing the virus and have a much lower viral load.

With a personal interest, I took the opportunity to ask Dr Zhang whether patients with type I interferon IEIs were more susceptible to severe COVID-19, as such a disease affects members of my own family. Dr Zhang confirmed that such patients are more likely to suffer with severe COVID-19 and had now tested 20 IP patients discovering at least a quarter had high levels of autoantibodies to type I interferons. She warned that these females should be very cautious and shield as much as possible, as any patient with auto-antibodies is very difficult to treat. Reassuringly, patients with certain genetic mutations that do not have high levels of autoantibodies to type I interferon can simply be treated early with interferon injections.

I will leave with a final comment from Dr Moalem: 'Men are more biologically fragile when compared to women.' Whoever said that women were the weaker sex?

PET would like to thank the sponsor of this session, the Anne McLaren Memorial Trust Fund, and the other sponsors of its conference - the Edwards and Steptoe Research Trust Fund, ESHRE, Wellcome, the European Sperm Bank, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, the London Women's Clinic, Merck, Theramex, Vitrolife and the Institute of Medical Ethics.

Originally posted here:
Correlation and Causation: What Can Genetics and Genomics Tell Us about COVID-19? - BioNews

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

PHOENIX, Dec. 16, 2020 /PRNewswire/ --Creative Medical Technology Holdings Inc., (OTC CELZ) announced today positive preclinical data supporting the utilization of its ImmCelz cell based immunotherapy for treatment of stroke. In an animal model of ischemia stroke, the middle cerebral artery ligation model, administration of ImmCelz resulted in 34% reduction in infarct volume, whereas control bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells reduced infarct volume by 21%. Additionally, improvements in functional recovery where observed using the Rotarod test. At 28 days after induction of stroke the animals receiving ImmCelz had superior running time (92% of non-stroke controls) compared to animals which received bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (73% of non-stroke control). Animals that received saline had a running time that was 50% of non-stroke controls.

"The regenerative potential of immune cells that have been programmed by stem cells is a fascinating and novel area of research." Said Dr. Amit Patel, coinventor of ImmCelz, and board member of the Company. "Conceptual advantages of using reprogrammed T cells include higher migratory ability due to smaller size, as well as ability to replicate and potentially form "regenerative memory cells."

"This data, which is covered by our previous filed patents, such as no. 15/987739, Generation of autologous immune modulatory cells for treatment of neurological conditions, demonstrate that immune modulation via this stem cell based method may be a novel and superior way of addressing the $30 billion dollar market for stroke therapeutics1." Said Dr. Thomas Ichim, coinventor of the patent and Chief Scientific Officer of the Company. "The fact that this technology, which has priority back to 2017, is demonstrating such stunning results, motivates us to consider filing an Investigational New Drug Application for use in stroke."

Creative Medical Technology Holdings possesses numerous issued patents in the area of cellular therapy including patent no. 10,842,815 covering use of T regulatory cells for spinal disc regeneration, patent no. 9,598,673 covering stem cell therapy for disc regeneration, patent no. 10,792,310 covering regeneration of ovaries using endothelial progenitor cells and mesenchymal stem cells, patent no. 8,372,797 covering use of stem cells for erectile dysfunction, and patent no. 7,569,385 licensed from the University of California covering a novel stem cell type.

"While stroke historically has been a major area of unmet medical need, the rise in stroke cases , as well as the fact that younger people are increasingly falling victim to stroke, strongly motivates us to accelerate our developmental programs and to continue to explore participation of Big Pharma in this space." Said Timothy Warbington, President and CEO of the Company. "We are eager to replicate the existing experiments start compiling the dossier needed to take ImmCelz into humans using the Investigational New Drug Application (IND) route through the FDA."

About Creative Medical Technology Holdings

Creative Medical Technology Holdings, Inc. is a commercial stage biotechnology company specializing in stem cell technology in the fields of urology, neurology and orthopedics and trades on the OTC under the ticker symbol CELZ. For further information about the company, please visitwww.creativemedicaltechnology.com.

Forward Looking Statements

OTC Markets has not reviewed and does not accept responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of this release. This news release may contain forward-looking statements including but not limited to comments regarding the timing and content of upcoming clinical trials and laboratory results, marketing efforts, funding, etc. Forward-looking statements address future events and conditions and, therefore, involve inherent risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially from those currently anticipated in such statements. See the periodic and other reports filed by Creative Medical Technology Holdings, Inc. with the Securities and Exchange Commission and available on the Commission's website atwww.sec.gov.

Timothy Warbington, CEO[emailprotected] CreativeMedicalHealth.com

Creativemedicaltechnology.comwww.StemSpine.comwww.Caverstem.comwww.Femcelz.com

1 Stroke Management Market Size Forecasts 2026 | Statistics Report (gminsights.com)

SOURCE Creative Medical Technology Holdings, Inc.

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Creative Medical Technology Holdings Announces Successful Application of ImmCelz Immunotherapy for Treatment of Stroke - PRNewswire

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New York, Dec. 21, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Reportlinker.com announces the release of the report "Organ and Tissue Transplantation and Alternatives" - https://www.reportlinker.com/p096592/?utm_source=GNW g., kidneys, liver, heart-lung, pancreas, intestines) and the tissue transplantation (e.g., bone, skin, cornea, heart valve) markets, along with the pharmaceuticals that accompany each market.

Also included are experimental xenografts and artificial organs; tissue transplants; and cell transplants (e.g., bone marrow, cord blood, peripheral blood, islet cell). The report touches on the use of fetal cells, stem cells and altered cancer cells.

The arrangement of this report offers an overview of the key elements in the transplantation process: tissue typing, procurement and preservation, immunosuppressants for solid organ and tissue transplants, and postoperative monitoring. International markets are discussed, and information is provided on industry structure and the regulatory environment.

Within each section are discussions of commercialization opportunities for each segment of the market. New or emerging devices, techniques and pharmaceuticals are highlighted.

Profiles of leading companies involved with solid organ transplantation, tissue transplantation, and alternative technologies are included. The report provides information on company placement within the market and strategic analyses of the companies available and emerging products.

An appendix featuring various terms and processes used in transplantation is provided at the end of the report.

This report cites autologous products only in relation to their impact on the market for allografts. It does not include blood products, except for peripheral and umbilical cord blood as a source of stem cells.

By geography, the market has been segmented into the North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and Rest of the World regions. Detailed analysis of the market in major countries such as the U.S., Germany, the U.K., Italy, France, Spain, Japan, China, India, Brazil, Mexico, GCC countries and South Africa will be covered in the regional segment. For market estimates, data will be provided for 2019 as the base year, with estimates for 2020 and forecast value for 2024.

Report Includes:- 26 data tables and 37 additional tables- An overview of the global organ and tissue transplantation and alternatives market- Estimation of the market size and analyses of market trends, with data from 2018 to 2019, estimates for 2020 and projection of CAGR through 2024- Details about organ and tissue transplantation and alternatives, their pathophysiology and affects, and major advancement and latest trends- A look at the regulatory scenarios and initiatives by government organization- Analysis of current and future market dynamics and identification of key drivers, restraints and opportunities such as increasing incidence of organ donations, improved awareness about organ donations, side effects of organ and tissue transplantation and antibiotic resistance infections- Coverage of emerging procedures and products in development and discussion on prevalence of major chronic diseases which initiates organ damage or donation- Discussion on the role of the organ procurement organization and information on transplantation process and preparation and coverage of issues like black market donors- Impact analysis of COVID-19 on organ and tissue transplantation and alternatives market- Market share analysis of the key companies of the industry and coverage of events like mergers & acquisitions, joint ventures, collaborations or partnerships, and other key market strategies- Company profiles of major players of the industry, including Abiomed Inc., Bayer AG, F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co., Johnson & Johnson, Novartis AG, Pfizer Inc. and XVIVO Perfusion

Summary:The global organ and tissue transplantation and alternatives market was valued at REDACTED in 2019.The market is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of REDACTED to reach approximately REDACTED by 2024.

Growth of the global market is attributed to factors such as the growing prevalence of obesity, diabetes, cancer, and other chronic diseases which leads to organ damage, a strong product regulatory scenario, and strong investment in research and development activities by key market players including Abbott Laboratories, Cryolife Inc., Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis Ag, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Medtronic, Arthrex Inc., Depuy Synthes (Johnson & Johnson), and Allosource.

Although various factors facilitate the global market for organ and tissue transplantation and alternatives, certain parameters such as challenges in HLA sequencing and gaps in supply and demand can constrain market growth.For instance, although there is an increasing need for organ transplants, the shortage of organs worldwide limits the number of transplant procedures performed, and in turn creates an impact on transplant diagnostics procedures.

An increasing number of candidates on the waiting list for organ transplant procedures worldwide further widens this gap of availability and requirement of organs for transplant purposes.

Successful organ and tissue transplantation began to arrive in the mid-1970s when tissue typing coupled with the use of cyclosporine provided more successful graft and patient survival. Today, patient and graft survival for kidney transplants is higher than 90% for the first year post-transplant, and often the success rate is 80% to 90% for five years post-transplant, with some recipients living more than 20 years after their transplant.

Continuing developments in organ procurement, organ preservation, tissue typing, and immunosuppressant use have bolstered successful transplantation surgical techniques. Evolving posttransplant drug and testing regimens have added to the success rate with close post-transplant monitoring and immunosuppressant dosage review.Read the full report: https://www.reportlinker.com/p096592/?utm_source=GNW

About ReportlinkerReportLinker is an award-winning market research solution. Reportlinker finds and organizes the latest industry data so you get all the market research you need - instantly, in one place.

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One of the astonishing aspects of the human response to the COVID-19 pandemic has been how quickly scientists pivoted to studying every facet of the virus in order to mitigate the loss of life and plan for a return to normalcy. At the same time, a lot of non-coronavirus research ground to a near halt.

With research labs and offices shuttered for all but essential workers, many scientists were stuck at home, their fieldwork and meetings canceled and planned experiments kicked down the road as they struggled to figure out how to keep their research programs going. Many took the opportunity to catch up on writing grants and papers; some in between caring for kids came up with strategic workarounds to keep the scientific juices flowing.

To gauge how researchers in different fields are managing,Knowable Magazine spoke with an array of scientists and technical staff among them a specialist keeping alive genetically important strains of fruit flies, the maintenance chief of an astronomical observatory working to keep telescopes safe and on standby during the lockdown, and a paediatrician struggling to manage clinical trials for a rare genetic disease. Here are a few slices of scientific life during the pandemic.

Agnieszka Czechowicz, Stanford University School of Medicine

Czechowicz is a paediatrician in Stanfords division of stem cell transplantation and regenerative medicine, where she manages a research group that develops new therapies and conducts clinical trials on rare genetic diseases.

Agnieszka Czechowiczs father suffers from severe Parkinsons disease. The coronavirus pandemic forced him to remain indoors and away from people, robbing him of the physical conditioning and social interactions he needs to cope with his disease. A recent fall left him in the hospital, bringing the additional worry that he might contract COVID-19 there and isolating him further.

For Czechowicz, his situation brought into sharp relief the challenges the coronavirus has forced upon those carrying out clinical trials, including those she is running, which involve patients traveling to hospitals around the country. Would I have him travel to any clinical site right now for a new Parkinsons treatment? she says. Absolutely not.

The pandemic forced Czechowicz to halt clinical trials she oversees for a rare genetic disease of children called Fanconi anAemia, a condition that impairs the bodys ability to repair damaged DNA and often leads to bone marrow failure and cancer. The treatment Czechowicz and colleagues are testing involves extracting blood-forming stem cells from the patients bone marrow, inserting a healthy copy of a missing or malfunctioning gene and then reinfusing those cells back into the patient.

Every aspect of what I do is massively impacted by the pandemic, Czechowicz says. One of her early-stage clinical trials involves testing the safety of the therapy. But during the initial shutdown which started in mid-March and lasted for two months her patients could not readily travel to Stanford for the necessary follow-up visits, and remote monitoring was difficult.

Theres special blood testing and bone marrow testing that we need to do. In particular, its critical to get the samples to make sure the patients, for example, arent developing leukAemia, she says. Theres no way to know that without really checking the bone marrow. She had to clear large hurdles to get her patients evaluated.

Another early-stage trial, designed to determine the effectiveness of the therapy, also had to stop enrolling new patients. Because speed is important when it comes to treating Fanconi anaemia the children are likely losing stem cells all the time any delay in treatment can be a source of great anxiety for their parents. Czechowicz had to explain to them why the trials were temporarily halted. It was really challenging to have these discussions with the families, she says.

With the easing of travel and workplace restrictions, the families began traveling to Stanford in June but with infections back on the rise, many families are becoming hesitant again, says Czechowicz. Fortunately, her trials are small, so she can guide each family through the process of safely resuming the trials and continuing with follow-up. Her own team also has to follow strict safety protocols. For example, even though her lab has 10 members, only two can be in the lab at any one time, and only one parent is allowed into the clinic with the child.

Not all clinical trials can pay such close attention to individual patients. Large trials with hundreds of patients can involve multiple sites and require much more monitoring, so resuming those remains difficult. Also, restrictions on working full bore are slowing the pipeline for new therapies. The impact of that, were not going to see for many years to come, Czechowicz says.

Abolhassan Jawahery, University of Maryland, College Park

Jawahery is a particle physicist and a member of LHCb, one of the main experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, the particle physics laboratory near Geneva.

In December 2018, well before the coronavirus pandemic began, the LHC shut down for upgrades. Housed in a 27-kilometre-long tunnel about 100 meters underground, the LHC accelerates two beams of protons, one clockwise and one counterclockwise, and makes them collide head-on at four locations. There, four gigantic subterranean detectors ATLAS, CMS, LHCb and ALICE sift through the debris of particles created by the collisions, looking for evidence of new physics. (For example, ATLAS and CMS found the Higgs boson, the fundamental particle of the Higgs field, which gives all elementary particles their mass.)

For its next set of experiments, which aim to probe the properties of subatomic particles with greater precision, the LHC needed to increase the intensity of its proton beams. Consequently, the four detectors needed to be upgraded too, to handle the resultant higher temperatures and increased radiation at the sites of the particle collisions. The work was on track for a restart around May 2021 until the pandemic swept all the scientists careful plans away.

The LHC and its four detectors are each run by a separate collaboration. CERN, which manages the LHC, is hopeful it can restart the collider by February 2022. They think that they can get the accelerator going if there are no more major catastrophic events, says physicist Abolhassan Jawahery. But the impact on the four detectors is less clear.

For the LHCb upgrade, Jawaherys team at the University of Maryland had been working on building about 4,000 extremely sensitive electronic circuit boards. These boards have to be burned in before they can be sent to CERN. We put them in an oven, literally cooking the boards and then running extensive tests in order to get them ready so that we can put them in the accelerator and run them for 10 to 20 years, says Jawahery. And none of that could be done during the pandemic shutdown.

The team resumed its work in June, but with restrictions put in place by the state of Maryland. Jawahery runs two labs, and for months was allowed only two people at a time in one lab and three in the other, making progress extremely slow. Still, his team is fortunate that it does not depend on supplies from countries hit hard by the coronavirus. Other labs werent so lucky. Scientists in Milan, for example, built some electronics and detector components for the LHCb, and a lab at Syracuse University in New York built sensors that relied on shipments from Milan. When Milan was completely closed down at the height of the pandemic, Syracuse, too, stopped working on Milan-dependent components.

For Jawahery the lockdown had a silver lining. The LHCs most recent run had produced about 25 gigabytes of data per second but his team had found little time to analyse any of it before the pandemic. We were complaining that we were spending all our time building the new instrument and the data keeps on coming, he says. When he and his team were locked out of their labs, they turned to their data backlog. We could do actual physics, he says. We are already getting ready to publish some papers.

Gordon Gray, Princeton University

Gray is a professionalDrosophila specialist in the department of molecular biology.

Gordon Gray has been called the chef de cuisine of Princetons fly kitchen, where he has been feeding flies for 46 years. He concocts meals for millions of fruit flies, at least 150 litres each week. When the pandemic hit in March and universities around the world shut down, Princeton deemed Grays work an essential service: The Drosophilafruit flies could not be allowed to die off.

Princetons flies include mutant and transgenic strains everything from ones that allow researchers to study the genes that influence normal development of a fly embryos organs, to those that have cancer-causing mutations. If the flies starved, researchers would need months or years to recreate these strains, says Princeton molecular biologist Elizabeth Gavis. And often, as techniques in molecular biology improve, the biologists reexamine flies they had studied earlier to get a more fine-grained understanding, making it worthwhile to preserve the strains.

Normally, if a lab had to shut down, researchers would send their flies to stock centres, such as one at Bowling Green State University in Ohio, that preserve the flies as part of their genetic library. But the stock centres couldnt handle Princetons flies, so Gray found himself on his own. Its basically catch as catch can with regards to the various labs here, just to keep things operational, he says.

For months, university pandemic restrictions have allowed only one person to be in Grays kitchen at a time. This has caused problems. Before the pandemic began, Gray, who is in his late 60s, had started training someone as a backup. But because of the one-person restriction, Gray and his trainee havent been able to work together. Gray envisions doing so soon, while wearing masks, keeping nearly 12 feet apart and communicating using hand signals.

To whip up a batch of fly food, or media, Gray uses a 50-litre steel cauldron, to which is attached a mixer that looks like an outboard motor. Gray fills the cauldron with water and adds agar, sugars, yeasts, salts and cornmeal, then brings it to a boil, all the while stirring watchfully. You dont want it to boil over, because when it does you wind up with a gigantic pancake on the floor, which you have to scoop up immediately because it gels, he says. Once the suspension cools to the right temperature, Gray adds an acid to inhibit mould, then dispenses precise amounts of the media into bottles and vials.

Even before the pandemic, Grays kitchen was isolated, to keep errant fruit flies from contaminating the pristine media. But at least he could work regular hours, because he knew the rhythms of the 10 or so fly labs he cooked for. That has changed. Labs, restricted to two occupants at a time, are now working seven days a week on rotating shifts. Gray comes in to work at all hours, because he cannot predict when each batch of fly food will run out and hell need to cook more.

He tries to work mostly at night to avoid coming into contact with others. But he still worries for his health, given his asthma and age-related risk. The relentless pandemic is taking a toll. Its exhausting, he says. It doesnt help not knowing when we will return to a sense of normalcy.

Celeste Kidd, University of California, Berkeley

Kidd is a child developmental psychologist who uses behavioural tests and computational methods to understand how children acquire knowledge.

When UC Berkeley locked down in March, Celeste Kidd found herself closeted at home, dealing simultaneously with virtual meetings and her three-year-old son. During the early days of the pandemic, Kidd kept a supply of treats handy, and when her toddler came up to her during a meeting shed sneak him some under the desk. But she hadnt accounted for how long the pandemic would last. It turns out thats not a good strategy, long term, she says. I was very literally rewarding him for bad behaviour.

Kidds son soon learned that acting up during her meetings meant more candy. I knew that would happen. I did it anyway because I didnt have the bandwidth to come up with a better solution, she says. But Kidd knew from her own research that children are also extremely flexible and can unlearn behaviours. Eventually, she had a chat with her son. First, she admitted to him that she had made a mistake by giving him candy when he disrupted her meetings, and that was bad of her. Then she brought in new rules: no candy for misbehaving and misbehaviour could even mean no treats for the rest of day. We had some meltdown moments, says Kidd. But he gets it now and he doesnt do those things.

Her son may be the only child Kidd gets to interact with during the pandemic. Thats a huge loss for her research, because the bulk of her work focuses on young children. In normal times, families would bring their children to her lab, where her research team would track their gaze as they watched videos. In one study, for example, infants about seven to nine months old would look away (demonstrating lack of interest) when the events in the video were either too complex or too simple, suggesting that infants use their cognitive resources for stimuli that have just the right amount of information.

Such work, of course, requires the presence of parent, child and researchers, all in the same room. None of that is going to happen anytime soon, she says. Those families are not going to feel comfortable coming in for a while.

Kidd is also concerned about the impact of the pandemic on younger scientists. One of her undergraduate students had spent six months working on a study aimed at exploring the complexity of kids play patterns using physical objects and their relation to working memory and other cognitive resources. The university had approved the protocol, but shelter-in-place orders went into effect the week the first child was to come for the experiment. I feel so bad for her as a young scientist, to have done all this hard work and then right when you get to the fun part, which is collecting the data and finding out if her ideas have lasting merit, she doesnt get to do that part, Kidd says.

The situation might be even worse for grad students and postdocs. All of them are experiencing a big blow to morale in general, because there is so much uncertainty about what the future holds, she says. University budget cuts mean fewer slots for graduate students and fewer jobs for postdocs. Its very hard to stay motivated and get things done when youre not sure if there will be a payoff in the future, says Kidd. Thats literally a study that we ran in the lab so were all acutely aware of it.

Maxime Boccas, ESO Paranal Observatory

Boccas is the head of maintenance, support and engineering at the European Southern Observatorys Paranal Observatory in Chile.

When the massive domes of the Very Large Telescope, a constellation of four 8-meter-class telescopes atop Mount Paranal in Chiles Atacama Desert, open to the night sky each evening and the telescopes get ready for observations, its like a dragon waking up.

When the pandemic hit in March, the dragon on Mount Paranal closed its eyes to the cosmos and slept the first shutdown in its 20-year history, which included a major earthquake in 2010 that paralyzed much of the rest of Chile. For those who had to leave Paranal, it was like being sent away from home. We spend 40% of our life here, says Maxime Boccas, who oversaw the process of ensuring an orderly shutdown of the sites scientific and technical facilities. We work and sleep here, and we stay here eight days in a row. Some of Boccass colleagues have been doing that for 20 to 25 years. Leaving Paranal was like leaving their second home. That was a weird feeling.

The skeleton staff just 20 of the normal 150 or so people remained on site kept the observatory safe, ensuring that essential systems continued working: computers that astronomers were accessing remotely, the fire detection system and the earthquake protection system essential for protecting the 8-meter-wide primary mirrors from Chiles frequent quakes. The mirrors will likely never be made again, says Boccas. All the factories that cast and polished them are dismantled. If we lost a mirror, it would take between 5 and 10 years to build up the factory again and fabricate it. So each mirror has an airbag a tube that inflates around it when the system detects tremors and other protections.

During the shutdown, astronomers kept their fingers crossed. They were anxious that no big thing, like a supernova in our galaxy, would explode, Boccas says. The heavens have been quiet, but the six-month shutdown harmed research that involves continuously monitoring the same patch of the sky for transient phenomena such as gamma ray bursts. It creates a hole in their science program, says Boccas.

The observatory began a slow return to normalcy on September 9. Boccas is overseeing the reawakening of each telescope, one at a time. The staff still less than full strength is now working in shifts that have doubled from 8 to 15 days to limit the amount of travel to and from the site. The four large telescopes are now up and running again, and Boccas hopes they will be back to working together as one by the end of January.

Boccas, his crew and a few lucky astronomers are glad to be back at Paranal. It really feels like a family and I think everyone has noticed that, he says. Even in the kitchen, they have to cook for 30 people instead of 150, so the quality of the food is different, its slightly better.

But even as people return to the observatory, Boccas worries about long-term effects of the shutdown. Given the reduced staff, he has had to cut down on the frequency of preventive maintenance tasks, such as changing belts and lubricating motors, potentially shortening the lifetime of some components. We will not know until six months, a year or three years from now, he says.

This article is part ofReset: The Science of Crisis & Recovery, an ongoing series exploring how the world is navigating the coronavirus pandemic, its consequences and the way forward. Reset is supported by a grant from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.

Anil Ananthaswamy is a science journalist who enjoys writing about cosmology, consciousness and climate change. Hes a 2019-20 MIT Knight Science Journalism fellow. His latest book is Through Two Doors at Once. http://www.anilananthaswamy.com.

This article originally appeared in Knowable Magazine, an independent journalistic endeavour from Annual Reviews.

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FDAs decision will enable CytoDyn to respond to ongoing requests for leronlimab until Phase 3 trial data is unblinded

VANCOUVER, Washington, Dec. 22, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- CytoDyn Inc. (OTC.QB: CYDY), (CytoDyn or the Company"), a late-stage biotechnology company developing Vyrologix (leronlimab-PRO 140), a CCR5 antagonist with the potential for multiple therapeutic indications, announced today a treating physician has received authorization from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to administer leronlimab for a COVID-19 patient under emergency IND (eIND).

Nader Pourhassan, Ph.D., President and Chief Executive Officer of CytoDyn, commented, We are very thankful the FDA is allowing severe-to-critical COVID-19 patients access to Vyrologix (leronlimab) again under eIND while we await the unblinding of data from our recently completed Phase 3 registrational trial. We are receiving daily requests from families seeking our drug for a loved one with COVID-19. In recent months, leronlimab received more than 60 eIND authorizations from the FDA, and during the pendency of our COVID-19 trials, we deferred seeking authorizations for eINDs in order to accelerate the pace of enrollment. Now that enrollment has been completed, we are pleased to be able to assist once again and remain hopeful the upcoming results of our Phase 3 trial will enable leronlimab to be more readily available for severe-to-critical COVID-19 patients.

CytoDyns Phase 2b/3 trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety ofleronlimabfor patients with severe-to-critical COVID-19 indications is a two-arm, randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, adaptive design multicenter study. Patients are randomized to receive weekly doses of 700 mg leronlimab, or placebo. Leronlimab and placebo are administered via subcutaneous injection. The study has three phases: Screening Period, Treatment Period, and Follow-Up Period. The primary outcome measured in this study is: all-cause mortality at Day 28. Secondary outcomes measured are: (1) all-cause mortality at Day 14, (2) change in clinical status of subject at Day 14, (3) change in clinical status of subject at Day 28, and (4) change from baseline in Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score at Day 14.

About Coronavirus Disease 2019 CytoDyn completed its Phase 2 clinical trial (CD10) for COVID-19, a double-blinded, randomized clinical trial for mild-to-moderate patients in the U.S. which produced statistically significant results for NEWS2. CytoDyn completed enrollment of 390 patients in its Phase 2b/3 randomized clinical trial for the severe-to-critically ill COVID-19 population and expects to release results in mid-January 2021.

About Leronlimab (PRO 140) The FDA has granted a Fast Track designation to CytoDyn for two potential indications of leronlimab for critical illnesses. The first indication is a combination therapy with HAART for HIV-infected patients and the second is for metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. Leronlimab is an investigational humanized IgG4 mAb that blocks CCR5, a cellular receptor that is important in HIV infection, tumor metastases, and other diseases, including NASH.Leronlimab has completed nine clinical trials in over 800 people and met its primary endpoints in a pivotal Phase 3 trial (leronlimab in combination with standard antiretroviral therapies in HIV-infected treatment-experienced patients).

In the setting of HIV/AIDS, leronlimab is a viral-entry inhibitor; it masks CCR5, thus protecting healthy T cells from viral infection by blocking the predominant HIV (R5) subtype from entering those cells. Leronlimab has been the subject of nine clinical trials, each of which demonstrated that leronlimab could significantly reduce or control HIV viral load in humans. The leronlimab antibody appears to be a powerful antiviral agent leading to potentially fewer side effects and less frequent dosing requirements compared with daily drug therapies currently in use.

In the setting of cancer, research has shown that CCR5 may play a role in tumor invasion, metastases, and tumor microenvironment control. Increased CCR5 expression is an indicator of disease status in several cancers. Published studies have shown that blocking CCR5 can reduce tumor metastases in laboratory and animal models of aggressive breast and prostate cancer. Leronlimab reduced human breast cancer metastasis by more than 98% in a murine xenograft model. CytoDyn is, therefore, conducting a Phase 1b/2 human clinical trial in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer and was granted Fast Track designation in May 2019.

The CCR5 receptor appears to play a central role in modulating immune cell trafficking to sites of inflammation. It may be crucial in the development of acute graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) and other inflammatory conditions. Clinical studies by others further support the concept that blocking CCR5 using a chemical inhibitor can reduce the clinical impact of acute GvHD without significantly affecting the engraftment of transplanted bone marrow stem cells.CytoDyn is currently conducting a Phase 2 clinical study with leronlimab to support further the concept that the CCR5 receptor on engrafted cells is critical for the development of acute GvHD, blocking the CCR5 receptor from recognizing specific immune signaling molecules is a viable approach to mitigating acute GvHD. The FDA has granted orphan drug designation to leronlimab for the prevention of GvHD. Due to the lack of patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company is closing down its Phase 2 trial for acute GvHD.

About CytoDyn CytoDyn is a late-stage biotechnology company developing innovative treatments for multiple therapeutic indications based on leronlimab, a novel humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the CCR5 receptor. CCR5 appears to play a critical role in the ability of HIV to enter and infect healthy T-cells. The CCR5 receptor also appears to be implicated in tumor metastasis and immune-mediated illnesses, such as GvHD and NASH.

CytoDyn has successfully completed a Phase 3 pivotal trial with leronlimab in combination with standard antiretroviral therapies in HIV-infected treatment-experienced patients. The FDA met telephonically with Company key personnel and its clinical research organization and provided written responses to the Companys questions concerning its recent Biologics License Application (BLA) for this HIV combination therapy in order to expedite the resubmission of its BLA filing for this indication.

CytoDyn has completed a Phase 3 investigative trial with leronlimab as a once-weekly monotherapy for HIV-infected patients. CytoDyn plans to initiate a registration-directed study of leronlimab monotherapy indication. If successful, it could support a label extension. Clinical results to date from multiple trials have shown that leronlimab can significantly reduce viral burden in people infected with HIV. No drug-related serious site injection reactions reported in about 800 patients treated with leronlimab and no drug-related SAEs reported in patients treated with 700 mg dose of leronlimab. Moreover, a Phase 2b clinical trial demonstrated that leronlimab monotherapy can prevent viral escape in HIV-infected patients; some patients on leronlimab monotherapy have remained virally suppressed for more than six years.

CytoDyn is also conducting a Phase 1b/2 clinical trial with leronlimab in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. More information is at http://www.cytodyn.com.

Forward-Looking StatementsThis press release contains certain forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Words and expressions reflecting optimism, satisfaction or disappointment with current prospects, as well as words such as "believes," "hopes," "intends," "estimates," "expects," "projects," "plans," "anticipates" and variations thereof, or the use of future tense, identify forward-looking statements, but their absence does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking. Forward-looking statements specifically include statements about leronlimab, its ability to have positive health outcomes, the possible results of clinical trials, studies or other programs or ability to continue those programs, the ability to obtain regulatory approval for commercial sales, and the market for actual commercial sales. The Company's forward-looking statements are not guarantees of performance, and actual results could vary materially from those contained in or expressed by such statements due to risks and uncertainties including: (i) the sufficiency of the Company's cash position, (ii) the Company's ability to raise additional capital to fund its operations, (iii) the Company's ability to meet its debt obligations, if any, (iv) the Company's ability to enter into partnership or licensing arrangements with third parties, (v) the Company's ability to identify patients to enroll in its clinical trials in a timely fashion, (vi) the Company's ability to achieve approval of a marketable product, (vii) the design, implementation and conduct of the Company's clinical trials, (viii) the results of the Company's clinical trials, including the possibility of unfavorable clinical trial results, (ix) the market for, and marketability of, any product that is approved, (x) the existence or development of vaccines, drugs, or other treatments that are viewed by medical professionals or patients as superior to the Company's products, (xi) regulatory initiatives, compliance with governmental regulations and the regulatory approval process, (xii) general economic and business conditions, (xiii) changes in foreign, political, and social conditions, and (xiv) various other matters, many of which are beyond the Company's control. The Company urges investors to consider specifically the various risk factors identified in its most recent Form 10-K, and any risk factors or cautionary statements included in any subsequent Form 10-Q or Form 8-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Except as required by law, the Company does not undertake any responsibility to update any forward-looking statements to take into account events or circumstances that occur after the date of this press release.

CONTACTSInvestors: Michael MulhollandOffice: 360.980.8524, ext. 102mmulholland@cytodyn.com

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FDA Resumes eIND Approval for Severe-to-Critical COVID-19 Patients Use of Vyrologix (leronlimab) Following Full Enrollment in CytoDyn's Phase 3 Trial...

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