- Study in over 500 patients with node-negative or node-positive disease highlights impact of the test on treatment decisions, reducing potential over- and under-treatment and leading to a 23.5% net reduction in chemotherapy recommendations

- Publication shows that Recurrence Scoreresults do not correlate with clinical pathologic parameters

GENEVA, Oct. 2, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- Exact Sciences today announced results from a prospective decision impact study1 presented at the virtual European Breast Cancer Conference (EBCC-12), being held October 2-3. The findings are consistent with previous studies and further support the clinical utility of the Oncotype DX Breast Recurrence Score test to optimise chemotherapy recommendations in patients with early-stage, hormone-receptor positive, HER-2 negative breast cancer with or without lymph node involvement.

The study was conducted between 2016 and 2019 in 15 certified breast cancer centers across Germany. The analysis presented at EBCC-12 includes 567 patients 403 with node-negative (N0) disease and 167 with one to three positive nodes. Results showed that treatment recommendations changed for 33.5% of patients based on their Recurrence Score results, and that using the test to guide treatment decisions resulted in a net reduction in chemotherapy recommendations of 23.5%. These changes in treatment recommendations could well have been greater in patients with N0 disease if the decision-making criteria (Recurrence Score groups) based on results from the landmark TAILORx study, which was published2in 2018, had been applied at the time of the study.

"These important results show the value of the Oncotype DX test to best select patients for chemotherapy and to avoid potential over- as well as under-treatment by adding genomic information and not relying only on traditional clinical parameters," said Prof. Dr Marc Thill, lead study author and chief physician of the Clinic for Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology at the Agaplesion Markus Krankenhaus in Frankfurt, Germany. "The use of this test allows us to tailor treatment plans more accurately to suit the needs of individual patients, and to use resources more effectively."

Importantly, the analysis presented at EBCC-12 also revealed a weak correlation between centrally and locally performed Ki67 (a classic prognostic factor) and showed a broad range of Recurrence Score results for patients with grade 2 tumours, suggesting that grade does not predict the Recurrence Score result and that the test can provide relevant information for all patients. These findings are consistent with results from a subset analysis3 of the TAILORx study, which showed that only the Oncotype DX test can assess the expected benefit of chemotherapy, and that clinical and pathological features generally provide only prognostic information.

Evidence from routine clinical practice shows that Recurrence Score results do not correlate with clinical pathologic factors

In addition to the results presented at EBCC-12, a recently published retrospective analysis compared the Recurrence Score result with clinical parameters in 4,695 patients with node-negative or node-positive early-stage breast cancer for whom testing with the Oncotype DX test was performed in routine clinical practice in Germany.4 In this group of patients, 84% had a Recurrence Score result of 0-25, consistent with data from TAILORx.2 The findings highlighted an overall high discordance of 45% between Ki67 and the Recurrence Score result classifications, and showed that a large proportion of patients with clinically high-risk features,such as high Ki-67 or high tumour grade, had low Recurrence Score results, suggesting they would not benefit from additional chemotherapy.

These latest results add to the substantial real-world evidence available for the Oncotype DX test, which reflects its growing adoption, particularly since the publication of TAILORx. This landmark study has positively influenced treatment guidelines and is having an important impact on global reimbursement and standard use of the test. More than 1 million patients around the world have used the test to inform their treatment decision.

About Oncotype DXThe Oncotype DX portfolio of breast, colon and prostate cancer tests applies advanced genomic science to reveal the unique biology of a tumour in order to optimise cancer treatment decisions. In breast cancer, the Oncotype DX Breast Recurrence Score test is the only test that has been shown to predict the likelihood of chemotherapy benefit as well as recurrence in invasive breast cancer. Additionally, the Oncotype DX Breast DCIS Score test predicts the likelihood of recurrence in a pre-invasive form of breast cancer called DCIS. In prostate cancer, the Oncotype DX Genomic Prostate Score test predicts disease aggressiveness and further clarifies the current and future risk of the cancer prior to treatment intervention. With more than 1 million patients tested in more than 90 countries, the Oncotype DX tests have redefined personalised medicine by making genomics a critical part of cancer diagnosis and treatment. To learn more about Oncotype DX tests, visit http://www.OncotypeIQ.com/en

AboutExact Sciences Corp.A leading provider of cancer screening and diagnostic tests, Exact Sciences relentlessly pursues smarter solutions providing the clarity to take life-changing action, earlier. Building on the success of the Cologuardand Oncotype DXtests, Exact Sciences is investing in its product pipeline to take on some of the deadliest cancers and improve patient care. Exact Sciences unites visionary collaborators to help advance the fight against cancer. For more information, please visit the company's website at http://www.exactsciences.com, follow Exact Sciences on Twitter @ExactSciences, or find Exact Scienceson Facebook.

NOTE: Oncotype DX, Breast Recurrence Score, and Recurrence Score are trademarks or registered trademarks of Genomic Health, Inc. Exact Sciences is a trademark or registered trademark of Exact Sciences Corporation. All other trademarks and service marks are the property of their respective owners.

Forward-Looking Statements This news release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, that are intended to be covered by the "safe harbor" created by those sections. Forward-looking statements, which are based on certain assumptions and describe our future plans, strategies and expectations, can generally be identified by the use of forward-looking terms such as "believe," "expect," "may," "will," "should," "would," "could," "seek," "intend," "plan," "goal," "project," "estimate," "anticipate" or other comparable terms. All statements other than statements of historical facts included in this news release regarding our strategies, prospects, expectations, financial condition, operations, costs, plans and objectives are forward-looking statements. Examples of forward-looking statements include, among others, statements we make regarding expected future operating results, anticipated results of our sales, marketing and patient adherence efforts, expectations concerning payer reimbursement, and the anticipated results of our product development efforts.Forward-looking statements are neither historical facts nor assurances of future performance. Instead, they are based only on our current beliefs, expectations and assumptions regarding the future of our business, future plans and strategies, projections, anticipated events and trends, the economy and other future conditions. Because forward-looking statements relate to the future, they are subject to inherent uncertainties, risks and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict and many of which are outside of our control. Actual results, conditions and events may differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements. Therefore, you should not rely on any of these forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause actual results, conditions and events to differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements include, among others, the following: uncertainties associated with the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, including its possible effects on our operations and the demand for our products and services; our ability to efficiently and flexibly manage our business amid uncertainties related to COVID-19; our ability to successfully and profitably market our products and services; the acceptance of our products and services by patients and healthcare providers; our ability to meet demand for our products and services; the willingness of healthcare payers to cover our products and services and adequately reimburse us for such products and services; the amount and nature of competition for our products and services; the effects of the adoption, modification or repeal of any law, rule, order, interpretation or policy relating to the healthcare system, including without limitation as a result of any judicial, executive or legislative action; data protection laws and rules affecting our performance of diagnostic tests, including the Oncotype DX test; the effects of changes in pricing, coverage and reimbursement for our products and services; recommendations, guidelines and quality metrics issued by various organizations such as the American Society of Clinical Oncology, the National Cancer Care Network, the European Society of Medical Oncology, the St Gallen Consensus, and national health technology assessment bodies regarding our products and services; our ability to successfully develop new products and services and assess potential market opportunities; our success establishing and maintaining collaborative, licensing and supplier arrangements; our ability to maintain regulatory approvals and comply with applicable regulations; our ability to manage an international business and our expectations regarding our international expansion and opportunities; the potential effects of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations and our efforts to hedge such effects; the possibility that the anticipated benefits from our combination with Genomic Health cannot be realized in full or at all or may take longer to realize than expected; the possibility that costs or difficulties related to the integration of Genomic Health's operations will be greater than expected and the possibility of disruptions to our business during integration efforts and strain on management time and resources; the outcome of any litigation, government investigations, enforcement actions or other legal proceedings; and the other risks and uncertainties described in the Risk Factors and in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations sections of our most recently filed Annual Report on Form 10-K and our subsequently filed Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. We undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statement, whether written or oral, that may be made from time to time, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.

1 Thill M, et al. [The REMAR (Rhein-Main-Registry)-Study: Prospective Evaluation of Oncotype DX Assay in Addition to Ki-67 For Adjuvant Treatment Decisions in Early Breast Cancer]. Presented at EBCC-12; October 2, 2020.

2 Sparano JA, Gray RJ, Makower DF, et al. Adjuvant chemotherapy guided by a 21-gene expression assay in breast cancer. New Engl J Med. 2018;379:111-121.

3 Sparano JA, Gray RJ, Ravdin PM, et al. Clinical and genomic risk to guide the use of adjuvant therapy for breast cancer. New Engl J Med. 2019;380:2395-2405

4Walter VP, Taran F-A, Wallwiener M, et al. Distribution of the 21-gene breast recurrence score in patients with primary breast cancer in germany. Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde.2020;80:619-627.

Media Contact:

Federico Maiardi+41 79 138 1326fmaiardi@exactsciences.com

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New Real-World Evidence Further Demonstrates the Clinical Utility of the Oncotype DX Breast Recurrence Score Test, Beyond Clinical Risk Factors, in...

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The American Medical Spa Association (AmSpa) has announced the release of a comprehensive new package of forms and consents designed to help medical aesthetic practices prepare for any eventuality and create a culture of safety and compliance.

CHICAGO (PRWEB) October 01, 2020

The American Medical Spa Association (AmSpa) has announced the release of a comprehensive new package of forms and consents designed to help medical aesthetic practices prepare for any eventuality and create a culture of safety and compliance.

"We're so excited to offer a full package of compliance documents to the industry," says AmSpa CEO, Alex R. Thiersch, JD. "We have been working on these documents in conjunction with several of our physician members, as well as our attorney partners at ByrdAdatto. Our goal is to help encourage the industry to become and remain safe and compliant, and this package goes a long way toward accomplishing that. As we say at AmSpa, compliance is cool,' but in order to be compliant, practitioners need access to high-quality, affordable resources that they can use in their practices right away. AmSpa's Forms and Consents Package aims to do precisely that."

Although these forms are very thorough, they must be used only after consulting with both a qualified health care attorney and the practice's medical director. Every practice and every location are different, so there cannot be a "one size fits all" approach to compliance.

The following packages are now available from AmSpa's store:

These packages can be purchased from the AmSpa store (https://www.americanmedspa.org/page/Store).

"We believe that being compliant should not be cost-prohibitive, and we have worked hard to ensure that our members and partners have easy and affordable access to resources that help them operate safely and compliantly," says Thiersch.

For the original version on PRWeb visit: https://www.prweb.com/releases/amspa_releases_comprehensive_forms_and_consents_for_medical_spas/prweb17402211.htm

Originally posted here:
AmSpa Releases Comprehensive Forms and Consents for Medical Spas - Benzinga

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

We include products we think are useful for our readers. If you buy through links on this page, we may earn a small commission. Heres our process.

Every year millions of adults in the United States try to lose weight (1).

Along with exercise, dieting is one of the most common methods used to promote weight loss.

However, not all diets are created equal, which can make it challenging to find a weight loss program thats safe, sustainable, and effective.

The programs featured in this article were selected based on the following criteria:

This article looks at 16 of the best weight loss programs in 2020.

The Mediterranean diet is inspired by the eating patterns of countries like Italy, Spain, and Greece.

A well-rounded Mediterranean diet should include plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, seeds, proteins, and healthy fats.

Meanwhile, added sugars and foods that have been heavily processed or refined are restricted (2).

Although the diet isnt specifically designed for weight loss, many studies have demonstrated that following the Mediterranean Diet could lead to weight loss (3, 4, 5).

For example, one analysis of 16 studies showed that those who paired the Mediterranean diet with physical activity and calorie restriction lost significantly more weight than those in a control group (6).

Plus, other research suggests that the Mediterranean Diet may help prevent chronic conditions like type 2 diabetes and heart disease (5, 7).

For an easy resource to help get you started on the Mediterranean diet, check out The Complete Mediterranean Cookbook, which features a variety of delicious recipes and in-depth information about the diet.

Shop for The Complete Mediterranean Cookbook online.

Plant-based diets encourage you to eat foods from plants, including fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, oils, and legumes.

Unlike vegan or vegetarian diets, most plant-based diets dont eliminate meat or animal products entirely. However, these foods are only enjoyed in moderation and not generally considered to be the main focus of the diet (8).

Plant-based diets are particularly rich in fiber the parts of plant-based foods like fruits, vegetables, and whole grains that are resistant to digestion. Fiber helps keep you full between meals to promote weight loss (9, 10, 11).

According to one review of 12 studies, people who followed a plant-based vegetarian diet lost an average of 4.5 pounds (2 kg) more than those who followed a non-vegetarian diet over 18 weeks (12).

Another review of 32 studies found that plant-based diets were more effective for weight loss, compared with conventional diets, and even led to greater improvements in blood sugar control, cholesterol levels, and inflammation (13).

To learn more about plant-based diets, check out the book The Plant-Based Diet for Beginners by Gabriel Miller, which offers a variety of resources, including recipes and shopping lists.

Shop for The Plant-Based Diet for Beginners by Gabriel Miller online.

Carb-restricted diets are often recommended to help support blood sugar control and increase weight loss among those with type 2 diabetes (14).

There are many types of carb-restricted diets, but most of them involve limiting the consumption of foods that are high in sugar or carbs, such as desserts, candy, bread, and pasta.

Although some carb-restricted diets, such as the Atkins or ketogenic diet, also require significantly reducing your carb consumption to 2050 grams per day, low carb diets are defined as any diet comprising less than 130 grams of carbs per day (15, 16).

One study in 49 people with type 2 diabetes found that a low carb diet was more effective at improving blood sugar levels than a low fat diet. Whats more, it led to reductions in cholesterol and body mass index (BMI) after 3 months (17).

Another study in 124 people with type 2 diabetes found that following a low carb, high fat diet was linked to improved blood sugar control and increased weight loss, compared with a control group (18).

If you want to learn more about carb-restricted diets, you can find valuable resources online, or check out this article to get you started.

Shop for books on carb-restricted diets online.

The Mayo Clinic diet is an eating plan originally developed by experts at the Mayo Clinic, a nonprofit hospital system thats considered to be a leader in medical research.

The Mayo Clinic diet is focused on developing healthy habits like eating breakfast every day, exercising daily, and keeping a food journal.

It also promotes nutritious ingredients, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats, while limiting added sugars and saturated fat from full fat dairy and high fat meats.

Although there arent any peer-reviewed studies on the Mayo Clinic diet specifically, studies show that following a diet high in fiber and low in saturated fat may aid weight loss and blood sugar control (19, 20).

Other research suggests that reducing your intake of saturated fat or added sugars may also enhance your bodys ability to use insulin, the hormone thats responsible for carrying sugar from your bloodstream into your cells (21, 22, 23, 24).

You can learn more about the Mayo Clinic diet on the Mayo Clinics website, or find valuable information in books on the topic.

Shop for books on the Mayo Clinic diet online.

Low carb diets involve restricting your intake of carbs, including high carb foods like bread, pasta, and sweets.

Some research suggests that reduced sensitivity to insulin may play a role in the development of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) (25).

As such, low carb diets are often recommended to improve insulin sensitivity and help manage symptoms of PCOS.

One review of eight studies showed that following a low carb diet could help increase weight loss and improve hormone levels in women with PCOS (26).

Whats more, another review of seven studies showed that low carb diets could help balance hormones and improve fertility in women with PCOS (27).

Shop for books on the low carb diet online.

Anti-inflammatory diets emphasize foods rich in nutrients that have been shown to fight inflammation, including antioxidants and omega-3 fatty acids (28).

These diets are rich in foods like fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, and fatty fish. They also typically limit processed products, fried foods, and sugar-sweetened beverages.

Studies show that increasing your intake of anti-inflammatory foods like fruits, vegetables, and nuts may be beneficial for weight loss (29, 30, 31).

In addition to promoting weight loss, following an anti-inflammatory diet may help alleviate symptoms of PCOS.

In fact, high levels of inflammation are thought to contribute to symptoms of PCOS and may be associated with increased levels of androgens, or male sex hormones (32).

One study in 100 women with PCOS found that pairing a calorie-restricted, anti-inflammatory diet with regular physical activity for 12 weeks significantly increased weight loss and improved hormone levels, menstrual cycle regularity, blood sugar control, and fertility (33).

Dorothy Calimeris and Lulu Cooks book The Complete Anti-Inflammatory Diet for Beginners is an excellent resource for more information on the anti-inflammatory diet.

Shop for The Complete Anti-Inflammatory Diet for Beginners by Dorothy Calimeris and Lulu Cook online.

The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is an eating plan intended to promote weight loss, reduce blood pressure levels, and protect against heart disease (34).

The diet promotes nutritious foods like fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains.

Meanwhile, red meat and foods high in added sugar, salt, or fat are limited.

According to one review of 13 studies, participants who followed the DASH diet lost more weight and belly fat than those following other calorie-restricted diets for 824 weeks (35).

The DASH diet has likewise been shown to decrease levels of blood pressure, total cholesterol, and LDL (bad) cholesterol all of which are risk factors for heart disease (36, 37).

There are a variety of books and resources on the DASH diet, or you can check out this article to get you started.

Shop for books on the DASH diet online.

The Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes (TLC) diet is a plan developed by the National Cholesterol Education Program to support healthy cholesterol levels.

On the TLC diet, foods high in fat and dietary cholesterol are limited, while foods high in soluble fiber a type of fiber that dissolves in water are encouraged.

The diet also recommends aiming for at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise daily.

Increasing your intake of soluble fiber and adding more physical activity into your routine are two common strategies for promoting weight loss (38, 39, 40).

Plus, several older studies have even found that the TLC diet can decrease levels of LDL (bad) cholesterol, reduce blood pressure, and enhance immune function (41, 42, 43).

Check out this free guide to the TLC diet online, which is provided by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

Although there are many styles and variations of intermittent fasting, most involve restricting food intake for 1424 hours at a time.

Some research suggests that intermittent fasting may be particularly beneficial for women during menopause (44).

It has been shown to increase weight loss to a similar extent as cutting calories, and it may also help boost fat-burning (45, 46).

Intermittent fasting may likewise reduce insulin resistance and help stabilize blood sugar levels, both of which can be especially beneficial during menopause (47, 48).

Whats more, other research suggests that intermittent fasting may help support mental health during menopause by enhancing self-esteem, as well as reducing stress levels and symptoms of anxiety and depression (44).

Some studies have found that intermittent fasting could affect men and women differently, indicating that women may be more sensitive to the effects of fasting (49, 50).

Therefore, women may benefit from a more relaxed approach to fasting, which could include intermittent fasting just a few times per week, consuming a small number of calories during fasts, or limiting fasting periods to 1416 hours at a time.

Be sure to also follow a healthy and balanced diet during non-fasting periods to maximize the potential benefits.

To learn more about intermittent fasting and how to incorporate it into your daily routine, check out Fast. Feast. Repeat. by Gin Stephens.

Shop for Fast. Feast. Repeat. by Gin Stephens online.

The pescatarian diet is a mostly plant-based diet that includes fish and seafood.

There are several variations of pescatarian diets, but most of them exclude meat and poultry from the diet but include other animal products like fish, eggs, dairy, and honey.

Studies suggest that pescatarians tend to have a lower BMI and improved diet quality, compared with non-vegetarians (51, 52, 53).

The diet may also be particularly beneficial for those with thyroid issues like hypothyroidism, as it encourages the consumption of seafood thats rich in selenium, a mineral thats essential for the production of thyroid hormones (54).

Plus, fish like cod and tuna can help protect against iodine deficiency, another factor that can contribute to thyroid issues (55, 56).

However, keep in mind that this diet may not necessarily be suitable for all thyroid conditions, and those with conditions like Hashimotos or Graves disease may benefit from an individualized dietary pattern tailored to their needs.

Many books can provide more information on the pescatarian diet, along with meal plans and recipes to get you started.

Shop for books on the pescatarian diet online.

The Ornish Diet is a low fat, plant-based eating pattern that promotes nutritious ingredients like fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes.

While weight control is not the primary goal of the Ornish Diet, multiple studies have found that it may be effective for long-term weight loss.

For example, one study in 311 women showed that participants who followed the Ornish Diet for 12 months lost an average of 5 pounds (2.2 kg) (57).

Another small study found that the Ornish Diet was more effective for weight loss than other popular diet plans like Atkins and the ZONE Diet, resulting in 7.5 pounds (3.3 kg) of weight loss after 1 year (58).

Keep in mind that the Ornish Diet restricts fat intake quite a bit and limits the consumption of several healthy foods like nuts, seeds, and oils. Thus, careful planning is necessary to ensure that youre meeting your nutritional needs while following the Ornish Diet.

For more information about the diet, check out UnDo It! How Simple Lifestyle Changes Can Reverse Most Chronic Diseases by Dean and Annie Ornish.

Shop for UnDo It! How Simple Lifestyle Changes Can Reverse Most Chronic Diseases by Dean and Annie Ornish online.

Jenny Craig is a popular program that delivers prepackaged, portion-controlled meals to help simplify weight loss.

Jenny Craig may be an especially good fit for many older adults, as its simple, easy to follow, and doesnt require extensive planning or preparation.

Plans are tailored to your specific weight loss goals but typically provide 1,2002,300 calories per day.

One massive review of 39 studies found that Jenny Craig participants experienced nearly 5% more weight loss after 1 year, compared with those in a control group and people who underwent behavioral counseling (59).

In another study in 133 women with overweight, participants who followed Jenny Craig lost an average of 11.5 pounds (5.3 kg) over 12 weeks (60).

You can find more information about Jenny Craig and can get started on the program directly on their website.

The Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay, or MIND diet, combines certain aspects of the Mediterranean and DASH diets to help combat mental decline.

On the MIND diet, foods like fruits, vegetables, healthy fats, and whole grains are encouraged, while foods high in saturated or trans fats are limited.

Although research on the effects of the MIND diet for weight control specifically is limited, both the Mediterranean and DASH diets have been associated with increased weight loss (6, 35).

Additionally, studies show that the MIND diet may help preserve brain function with aging and be linked to a lower risk of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimers disease (61, 62).

To get started, check out The MIND Diet Plan and Cookbook by Julie Andrews, which provides shopping lists, meal plans, and recipes aimed at promoting better brain health.

Shop for The MIND Diet Plan and Cookbook by Julie Andrews online.

WW, formerly Weight Watchers, is a diet program that uses a points-based system to promote long-lasting, sustainable weight loss.

More here:
The 16 Best Weight Loss Programs of 2020 - Healthline

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

The US President and the First Lady had announced that they were quarantining themselves after senior adviser Hope Hicks tested positive.

United States President Donald Trump and First Lady Melania Trump have tested positive for coronavirus. "We will begin our quarantine and recovery process immediately. We will get through this TOGETHER!" the US President tweeted on Friday.

Donald Trump had announced about putting himself in quarantine in a tweet late Thursday night after his close aide Hope Hicks was tested positive with COVID-19. Hicks, 31, is the closest aid of the president to have tested positive with coronavirus. She had travelled with the president on Air Force One early this week.

"Hope Hicks, who has been working so hard without even taking a small break, has just tested positive for COVID-19. Terrible! The First Lady and I are waiting for our test results. In the meantime, we will begin our quarantine process!" Trump said in his tweet.

Trump, in an interview to Fox News, on Thursday night said he and the First Lady spend a lot of time with her.

In the middle of the election campaign, Trump has been travelling a lot in particular in the battleground States. "I just went out with a test and the First Lady just went out with a test also. So, whether we quarantine or whether we have it, I don't know," he said.

In a statement, Judd Deere, the Deputy White House Press Secretary said that the President takes the health and safety of himself and everyone who works in support of him and the American people very seriously.

White House Operations collaborates with the Physician to the President and the White House Military Office to ensure all plans and procedures incorporate current CDC guidance and best practices for limiting COVID-19 exposure to the greatest extent possible both on complex and when the President is travelling," Deere said.

Several White House staffers have tested positive with COVID-19 in recent months, including the National Security Advisor Robert O'Brien and Katie Miller, Vice President Mike Pence's press secretary.

With PTI inputs

Read the original:
Donald Trump and Melania test positive for coronavirus - The News Minute

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

News Release

Monday, September 28, 2020

Findings show deficits in the electrical activity of cortical cells; possible targets for treatment for 22q11.2 deletion syndrome.

A genetic study has identified neuronal abnormalities in the electrical activity of cortical cells derived from people with a rare genetic disorder called 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. The overexpression of a specific gene and exposure to several antipsychotic drugs helped restore normal cellular functioning. The study, funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and published in Nature Medicine, sheds light on factors that may contribute to the development of mental illnesses in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and may help identify possible targets for treatment development.

22q11.2 deletion syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the deletion of a piece of genetic material at location q11.2 on chromosome 22. People with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome can experience heart abnormalities, poor immune functioning, abnormal palate development, skeletal differences, and developmental delays. In addition, this deletion confers a 20-30% risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and an up to 30-fold increase in risk for psychosis. 22q11.2 deletion syndrome is the most common genetic copy number variant found in those with ASD, and up to a quarter of people with this genetic syndrome develop a schizophrenia spectrum disorder.

This is the largest study of its type in terms of the number of patients who donated cells, and it is significant for its focus on a key genetic risk factor for mental illnesses, said David Panchision, Ph.D., chief of the Developmental Neurobiology Program at the NIHs National Institute of Mental Health. Importantly, this study shows consistent, specific patient-control differences in neuronal function and a potential mechanistic target for developing new therapies for treating this disorder.

While some effects of this genetic syndrome, such as cardiovascular and immune concerns, can be successfully managed, the associated psychiatric effects have been more challenging to address. This is partly because the underlying cellular deficits in the central nervous system that contribute to mental illnesses in this syndrome are not well understood. While recent studies of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome in rodent models have provided some important insights into possible brain circuit-level abnormalities associated with the syndrome, more needs to be understood about the neuronal pathways in humans.

To investigate the neural pathways associated with mental illnesses in those with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, Sergiu Pasca, M.D., associate professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at Stanford University, Stanford, California, along with a team of researchers from several other universities and institutes, created induced pluripotent stems cells cells derived from adult skin cells reprogramed into an immature stem-cell-like state from 15 people with 22q11.2 deletion and 15 people without the syndrome. The researchers used these cells to create, in a dish, three-dimensional brain organoids that recapitulate key features of the developing human cerebral cortex.

What is exciting is that these 3D cellular models of the brain self-organize and, if guided to resemble the cerebral cortex, for instance, contain functional glutamatergic neurons of deep and superficial layers and non-reactive astrocytes and can be maintained for years in culture. So, there is a lot of excitement about the potential of these patient-derived models to study neuropsychiatric disease, said Dr. Pasca.

The researchers analyzed gene expression in the organoids across 100 days of development. They found changes in the expression of genes linked to neuronal excitability in the organoids that were created using cells from individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. These changes prompted the researchers to take a closer look at the properties associated with electrical signaling and communication in these neurons. One way neurons communicate is electrically, through controlled changes in the positive or negative charge of the cell membrane. This electrical charge is created when ions, such as calcium, move into or out of the cell through small channels in the cells membrane. The researchers imaged thousands of cells and recorded the electrical activity of hundreds of neurons derived from individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and found abnormalities in the way calcium was moved into and out of the cells that were related to a defect in the resting electrical potential of the cell membrane.

A gene called DGCR8 is part of the genetic material deleted in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, and it has been previously associated with neuronal abnormalities in rodent models of this syndrome. The researchers found that heterozygous loss of this gene was sufficient to induce the changes in excitability they had observed in 22q11.2-derived neurons and that overexpression of DGCR8 led to partial restoration of normal cellular functioning. In addition, treating 22q11.2 deletion syndrome neurons with one of three antipsychotic drugs (raclopride, sulpiride, or olanzapine) restored the observed deficits in resting membrane potential of the neurons within minutes.

We were surprised to see that loss in control neurons and restoration in patient neurons of the DGCR8 gene can induce and, respectively, restore the excitability, membrane potential, and calcium defects, said Pasca. Moving forward, this gene or the downstream microRNA(s) or the ion channel/transporter they regulate may represent novel therapeutic avenues in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome.

Grants:MH107800; MH100900; MH085953; MH060233; MH094714

About the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH):The mission of theNIMHis to transform the understanding and treatment of mental illnesses through basic and clinical research, paving the way for prevention, recovery and cure. For more information, visit theNIMH website.

About the National Institutes of Health (NIH):NIH, the nation's medical research agency, includes 27 Institutes and Centers and is a component of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NIH is the primary federal agency conducting and supporting basic, clinical, and translational medical research, and is investigating the causes, treatments, and cures for both common and rare diseases. For more information about NIH and its programs, visit http://www.nih.gov.

NIHTurning Discovery Into Health

Khan, T. A., Revah, O., Gordon, A., Yoon, S., Krawisz, A. K., Goold, C., Sun, Y., Kim, C., Tian, Y., Li, M., Schaepe, J. M., Ikeda, K., Amin, N. D., Sakai, N., Yazawa, M., Kushan, L., Nishino, S., Porteus, M. H., Rapoport, J. L. Paca, S. (2020). Neuronal defects in a human cellular model of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Nature Medicine. doi: 10.1038/s41591-020-1043-9

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The rest is here:
funded study sheds light on abnormal neural function in rare genetic disorder - National Institutes of Health

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Creative minds from Yokohama National University have developed an efficient method of successfully generating hair growth. Find out more here, and what this could mean for future progress.

Published in the journal Biomaterials, the research team based in Japan focused on a research method that shows "great potential".

Led by Dr Tatsuto Kageyama and Professor Junji Fukuda, they've proposed a new approach to regenerate hair.

Previous studies have utilised a three-dimensional tissue culture called hair follicle germ (HFG).

HFG is composed of hair follicle stem cells derived from both the epithelial (outer layer of skin) and mesenchymal tissue (embryonic connective tissue).

This approach requires manually merging the stem cells derived from these different origins under a microscope.

Thus, it becomes a challenge to produce the 5,000 or more HFG needed per transplant patient.

Dr Kageyama and Professor Fukuda wanted to perform research that was scalable - something that would make hair regeneration easier.

READ MORE:Losing hair fast? Applying this natural solution to the scalp resulted in new hair growth

The team "fabricated hair beads (HBs) in U-shaped wells in a plate array using hair follicle stem cells".

The hair follicle stem cells were encapsulated in collagen - a structural protein.

In fact, collagen is believed to play an important role in hair follicle generation throughout a person's life.

"A suspension of mouse epithelial cells was then added into the wells containing the gel encapsulated hair beads," detailed the researchers.

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After 24 hours, the epithelial cells adhered to the collagen gel, which then contracted to form "a bead-based hair follicle germ".

To test the efficiency of the hair bead approach, the scientists transplanted the bead-based hair follicle germ onto the back of mice.

They also used other methods, such as the one outlined earlier, to compare the results.

The collagen-enriched hair bead approach produced a "high rate of hair generation four weeks after being transplanted onto the skin of mice".

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It was noted how this method produced more hair than the other approaches, suggesting the collagen enrichment plays a vital role in hair growth.

Professor Fukuda commented on his findings: "Using an automated spotter, this approach was scalable to prepare a large number of hair follicle germs.

"[This] is important for human treatment because thousands of tissue grafts are necessary for a single patient."

The next step is to "find a way to expand the number of hair follicle stem cells".

Fukuda explained: "In this study, we worked on how to prepare tissue grafts.

"However, to deliver this approach to hair loss patients, we need a proper approach to obtain a sufficient number of hair follicle stem cells".

The researchers believe their results "show great potential for clinical applications in hair regenerative therapy".

Until then, Minoxidil has been approved as suitable treatment to help slow down hair loss.

Originally posted here:
Hair loss treatment: Breakthrough research links one ingredient to hair growth - Express

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Reportspedia added a new research report to its exhaustive repository. The research report presents an unbiased approach to understanding the market trends and dynamics of the Skin Care Cosmetic Market. Analysts have studied the past data pertaining to the market and compare it to the up-to-date market trends to paint an objective picture of the trajectory of the market. The Skin Care Cosmetic report includes SWOT analysis and Porters five forces analysis to give the readers a comprehensive estimation of the various factors likely to drive and restrain the overall market.

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Regional Segment Analysis:North America (U.S.; Canada; Mexico), Europe (Germany; U.K.; France; Italy; Russia; Spain etc.), Asia-Pacific (China; India; Japan; Southeast Asia etc.), South America (Brazil; Argentina etc.), Middle East & Africa (Saudi Arabia; South Africa etc.)

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Global Skin Care Cosmetic Market 2020 Global Industry Analysis by Trends, Growth, Company Overview and Forecast by 2027 Latest Research Report by...

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

It saddens me that when I tell people I have sickle cell the most common reply is what is that? sickle cell advocate Shamonica Wiggins shares with theGrio.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a group of red blood cell disorders occurring when a child inherits the sickle cell gene from both parents possessing the sickle cell trait. Those with the disease are often referred to as warriors because from the moment they are born, each day is its own battle.

Living with sickle cell has been a never-ending roller coaster, explains 31-year-old sickle cell warrior Shanice Williams. Sometimes everything is looking up, but the road is still bumpy mild to moderate crises and health issues. Other times Im flying down really fast always in crises, in the hospital, etc and I just have to wait until everything is going smooth again.

A sickle cell crisis occurs when the hard, sticky, sickle-shaped red blood cells of a SCD patient block blood flow causing extreme pain, anemia, fever and fatigue.

According to 24-year-old Sabah Imani, founder of the Sabah Imani Sickle Cell Foundation, sickle cell pain is almost indescribable. The best way I can put it is like having thousands and thousands of little needles running through your veins, something similar to a body part falling asleep but times 50.

In addition to the immense pain, sickle cell crises can also lead to a variety of serious ailments such as tissue damage, infections, fatal organ failure and stroke. Sickle cell warrior Tristan Lee, 37, suffered a stroke when he was 9 years old leaving him paralyzed on the left side of his body.

I spent months in the hospital after that, he says. When I was finally released, I had to do years of physical and occupational therapy to relearn how to walk, talk, and use the bathroom. I also had to begin routine blood transfusions every 3 weeks until I was 19 years old to avoid any risk of blood clots, and more complications from sickle cell.

Advocate Wiggins also suffered from strokes her first at the age of 3 and another more recently at the age of 30.

Experiencing something so traumatic, not once but twice, could break a person but I refuse to break. I bend from time to time, but breaking is not an option, she tells theGrio. As painful as this illness is, Im actually grateful that I have it. I truly believe learning to not only live, but thrive with this illness has made me a better person. It has made me a grateful person. An understanding person. A determined person and a compassionate person.

In between pain and hospitalizations, Wiggins spends her time advocating for the 100,000 Americans living with SCD. Earlier this month, that advocacy afforded her the opportunity to present at the White Houses roundtable discussion on Improving the Lives of Americans with Sickle Cell Disease.

I see sickle cell as a silent killer because although it claims the lives of so many nationwide and around the world, theres very little talk about it, so Im grateful for this platform, adds Wiggins.

Advocates like Wiggins, Imani, Williams, Lee, and 29-year-old Teonna Woolford are determined to drive the conversation forward, not simply for awareness, but because its truly a matter of life and death.

I would be irresponsible as an advocate if I did not speak on the fact that systemic racism and medical bias has held us back for far too long, says Woolford. Families impacted by sickle cell deserve the same quality and compassionate care as families impacted by other conditions such as cancer and cystic fibrosis. Sickle cell disease is far more prevalent than cystic fibrosis, yet we have far less resources.

Although sickle cell is not technically a Black disease, it is an evolutionary condition found most prevalent among people from regions of the world where malaria is common, including sub-Saharan Africa, South and Central America, Saudi Arabia, India and the Mediterranean (Greece, Sicily and Turkey). Because of this, SCD occurs in approximately 1 out of every 365 African-American births and 1 in 13 African Americans carry the sickle cell trait.

Ive been hospitalized over a hundred times, and some doctors would think, Heres this young Black person. Theyre just drug-seeking, shares 29-year-old Epiphany Samuels. What they dont understand is that Im in so much pain, Im praying for death, not drugs.

And Samuels is not alone. The pain of SCD is often as much a mental one as it is physical. Sickle cell warrior Hugh Holcomb shares that it gets really hard sometimes the loneliness from being in the hospital. Sometimes its hard to find the will to fight.

Because of this, Imani urges anyone who may know someone with SCDto really take the time to get to know and understand them.

Were so used to getting prejudged that all we want is for someone to take the time and care about us, just like you would for someone living with cancer or AIDS. As sickle cell patients, we do not look sick most of the time and that can be very misleading, she explains. We can be in the middle of the worst pain ever yet still sit and hold a conversation with you. We push ourselves to do certain activities that arent healthy for us but we just want that sense of normalcy.

Unfortunately, during this COVID-19 pandemic, normalcy is now a foreign concept even for those without SCD. But for people with underlying health conditions, this pandemic carries an extra layer of concern.

Were used to carrying sanitizer and always watching those around us for symptoms of being sick considering even a cold can push us into a crisis, or worse, possibly wind us up in ICU, says Williams.

And for Samuels, who found herself in the middle of a crisis at the height of the pandemic, navigating my sickle cell during coronavirus has been hard. There was this one moment where I was like, Oh, Epiphany, your eyes are turning green and youre in a whole lot of pain. Youre in a crisis.

She continues, I knew it was better for me to try to handle my crisis at home than to go to the ER because I can likely live through my crisis but I dont know if I can live through COVID.

Currently, the only known cure for SCD is a bone marrow or stem cell transplant from a close relative like a brother or sister. However, these procedures are extremely risky, and can have serious side effects, including frequent infections and death.

Both Imani and Woolford have undergone bone marrow transplants. Imani is now two years post transplant, and has since developed a skin care line based on the natural moisturizers she created to treat her drastically changing skin during chemotherapy and radiation treatments.

Unfortunately for Woolford, things didnt go quite as well.

It was a grueling process physically and even more so mentally, and at the end of my four-month hospital stay, I found out that I rejected the transplant, she says. That was 10 years ago, and probably the hardest thing I had ever been through. I had to let go of the dream that I would live a life free of sickle cell.

But in the years since, Woolford like many other sickle cell warriors has managed to transform her pain into power. Today, I am thriving and the happiest I have ever been. In a full circle moment, I contributed to the first ever publication of guidelines for bone marrow transplants and sickle cell disease through the American Society of Hematology. This is an incredible time for sickle cell disease. We recently had three new FDA-approved therapies after 20 years of having only one.

Tristan Lee shares in her optimism.

I believe, in my lifetime, we will have a universal cure for sickle cell disease. As long as we can continue to spread awareness and get medical professionals and people of all walks of life to join us in that awareness, we will have our cure that we desperately need.

Follow the above-mentioned advocates journeys via social media for more information on SCD.

This article is written in loving memory of Robert L. Stevenson.

Have you subscribed to theGrios new podcast Dear Culture? Download our newest episodes now!

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Life as a sickle cell warrior: How advocates are changing the face of the disease - TheGrio

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Beauty lovers,listen up!AugustinusBader Skincare, afavouritewithcelebritieslikeKim Kardashian West, Courtney Cox, Demi MooreandNaomi Campbell, is now available in the region. Launched in 2018 byProfessorAugustinusBader,a world-leading expert in stem cell research,the skincare rangehas a selection of hero products that are deserving of coveted space in your over-crammed cabinet.

AugustinusBader Skincare was born out ofabreakthroughwhile Bader,who has spent 30 years unlocking the bodys innate processes to self-heal and uncovered how to reawaken cells that go dormant over time due to ageing or trauma,was working tohelp burn victims, particularly children with traumatic injuries. In 2008,thegloballyrecognisedleader in stem cell biologyformulated a groundbreaking wound gel that heals even third-degree burns without surgery or skin grafts.

Professor Augustinus Bader

By2018,AugustinusBader Skincarehadlaunchedas abyproduct ofthepioneeringresearch intended to find a way to heal wounds without scarring.The CreamandThe Rich Creamwere the first two outstanding productscreated to help continue to fund this important scientific work to help more people around the world.They werefollowed byThe Body Cream,which was launched in 2019. All three creams contain patented TFC8 (Trigger Factor Complex) technology, which supports the skins natural processes, leaving all skin types, frommature, dryandoilytosensitive,looking restored and regenerated. TFC8 is comprised of natural amino acids, high-grade vitamins andsynthesisedmolecules naturally found in skin. It guides key nutrients and powerful natural ingredients to the skin cells, creating an optimal environment for the bodys innate processes of repair and renewal.

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This Line By Augustinus Bader Will Level Up Your Skincare Ritual - About Her

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Exosome Therapeutic Market analysis report encompasses infinite knowledge and information on what the markets definition, classifications, applications, and engagements are and also explains the drivers & restraints of the market which is obtained from SWOT analysis. Gathered market data and information is denoted very neatly with the help of most appropriate graphs, charts or tables in the entire report. Utilization of well established tools and techniques in this Exosome Therapeutic Market document helps to turn complex market insights into simpler version. Competitive analysis studies of this market report provides with the ideas about the strategies of key players in the market.

A large scale Exosome Therapeutic Market report endows with the data and statistics on the current state of the industry which directs companies and investors interested in this market. By applying market intelligence for this market research report, industry expert measure strategic options, summarize successful action plans and support companies with critical bottom-line decisions. The most appropriate, unique, and creditable global market report has been brought to important customers and clients depending upon their specific business needs. Businesses can accomplish great benefits with the different & all-inclusive segments covered in the Exosome Therapeutic Market research report hence every bit of market is tackled carefully.

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Market Analysis and Insights:Global Exosome Therapeutic Market

Exosome therapeutic market is expected to gain market growth in the forecast period of 2019 to 2026. Data Bridge Market Research analyses that the market is growing with a CAGR of 21.9% in the forecast period of 2019 to 2026 and expected to reach USD 31,691.52 million by 2026 from USD 6,500.00 million in 2018. Increasing prevalence of lyme disease, chronic inflammation, autoimmune disease and other chronic degenerative diseases are the factors for the market growth.

The major players covered in theExosome Therapeutic Marketreport areevox THERAPEUTICS, EXOCOBIO, Exopharm, AEGLE Therapeutics, United Therapeutics Corporation, Codiak BioSciences, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, ReNeuron Group plc, Capricor Therapeutics, Avalon Globocare Corp., CREATIVE MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY HOLDINGS INC., Stem Cells Group among other players domestic and global.Exosome therapeutic market share data is available for Global, North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and Latin America separately. DBMR analysts understand competitive strengths and provide competitive analysis for each competitor separately.

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Exosomes are used to transfer RNA, DNA, and proteins to other cells in the body by making alteration in the function of the target cells. Increasing research activities in exosome therapeutic is augmenting the market growth as demand for exosome therapeutic has increased among healthcare professionals.

Increased number of exosome therapeutics as compared to the past few years will accelerate the market growth. Companies are receiving funding for exosome therapeutic research and clinical trials. For instance, In September 2018, EXOCOBIO has raised USD 27 million in its series B funding. The company has raised USD 46 million as series a funding in April 2017. The series B funding will help the company to set up GMP-compliant exosome industrial facilities to enhance production of exosomes to commercialize in cosmetics and pharmaceutical industry.

Increasing demand for anti-aging therapies will also drive the market. Unmet medical needs such as very few therapeutic are approved by the regulatory authority for the treatment in comparison to the demand in global exosome therapeutics market will hamper the market growth market. Availability of various exosome isolation and purification techniques is further creates new opportunities for exosome therapeutics as they will help company in isolation and purification of exosomes from dendritic cells, mesenchymal stem cells, blood, milk, body fluids, saliva, and urine and from others sources. Such policies support exosome therapeutic market growth in the forecast period to 2019-2026.

This exosome therapeutic market report provides details of market share, new developments, and product pipeline analysis, impact of domestic and localised market players, analyses opportunities in terms of emerging revenue pockets, changes in market regulations, product approvals, strategic decisions, product launches, geographic expansions, and technological innovations in the market. To understand the analysis and the market scenario contact us for anAnalyst Brief, our team will help you create a revenue impact solution to achieve your desired goal.

Global Exosome Therapeutic Market Scope and Market Size

Global exosome therapeutic market is segmented of the basis of type, source, therapy, transporting capacity, application, route of administration and end user. The growth among segments helps you analyse niche pockets of growth and strategies to approach the market and determine your core application areas and the difference in your target markets.

Based on type, the market is segmented into natural exosomes and hybrid exosomes. Natural exosomes are dominating in the market because natural exosomes are used in various biological and pathological processes as well as natural exosomes has many advantages such as good biocompatibility and reduced clearance rate compare than hybrid exosomes.

Exosome is an extracellular vesicle which is released from cells, particularly from stem cells. Exosome functions as vehicle for particular proteins and genetic information and other cells. Exosome plays a vital role in the rejuvenation and communication of all the cells in our body while not themselves being cells at all. Research has projected that communication between cells is significant in maintenance of healthy cellular terrain. Chronic disease, age, genetic disorders and environmental factors can affect stem cells communication with other cells and can lead to distribution in the healing process. The growth of the global exosome therapeutic market reflects global and country-wide increase in prevalence of autoimmune disease, chronic inflammation, Lyme disease and chronic degenerative diseases, along with increasing demand for anti-aging therapies. Additionally major factors expected to contribute in growth of the global exosome therapeutic market in future are emerging therapeutic value of exosome, availability of various exosome isolation and purification techniques, technological advancements in exosome and rising healthcare infrastructure.

Rising demand of exosome therapeutic across the globe as exosome therapeutic is expected to be one of the most prominent therapies for autoimmune disease, chronic inflammation, Lyme disease and chronic degenerative diseases treatment, according to clinical researches exosomes help to processes regulation within the body during treatment of autoimmune disease, chronic inflammation, Lyme disease and chronic degenerative diseases. This factor has increased the research activities in exosome therapeutic development around the world for exosome therapeutic. Hence, this factor is leading the clinician and researches to shift towards exosome therapeutic. In the current scenario the exosome therapeutic are highly used in treatment of autoimmune disease, chronic inflammation, Lyme disease and chronic degenerative diseases and as anti-aging therapy as it Exosomes has proliferation of fibroblast cells which is significant in maintenance of skin elasticity and strength.

Based on source, the market is segmented into dendritic cells, mesenchymal stem cells, blood, milk, body fluids, saliva, urine and others. Mesenchymal stem cells are dominating in the market because mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are self-renewable, multipotent, easily manageable and customarily stretchy in vitro with exceptional genomic stability. Mesenchymal stem cells have a high capacity for genetic manipulation in vitro and also have good potential to produce. It is widely used in treatment of inflammatory and degenerative disease offspring cells encompassing the transgene after transplantation.

Based on therapy, the market is segmented into immunotherapy, gene therapy and chemotherapy. Chemotherapy is dominating in the market because chemotherapy is basically used in treatment of cancer which is major public health issues. The multidrug resistance (MDR) proteins and various tumors associated exosomes such as miRNA and IncRNA are include in in chemotherapy associated resistance.

Based on transporting capacity, the market is segmented into bio macromolecules and small molecules. Bio macromolecules are dominating in the market because bio macromolecules transmit particular biomolecular information and are basically investigated for their delicate properties such as biomarker source and delivery system.

Based on application, the market is segmented into oncology, neurology, metabolic disorders, cardiac disorders, blood disorders, inflammatory disorders, gynecology disorders, organ transplantation and others. Oncology segment is dominating in the market due to rising incidence of various cancers such as lung cancer, breast cancer, leukemia, skin cancer, lymphoma. As per the National Cancer Institute, in 2018 around 1,735,350 new cases of cancer was diagnosed in the U.S. As per the American Cancer Society Inc in 2019 approximately 268,600 new cases of breast cancer diagnosed in the U.S.

Based on route of administration, the market is segmented into oral and parenteral. Parenteral route is dominating in the market because it provides low drug concentration, free from first fast metabolism, low toxicity as compared to oral route as well as it is suitable in unconscious patients, complicated to swallow drug etc.

The exosome therapeutic market, by end user, is segmented into hospitals, diagnostic centers and research & academic institutes. Hospitals are dominating in the market because hospitals provide better treatment facilities and skilled staff as well as treatment available at affordable cost in government hospitals.

Exosome therapeutic Market Country Level Analysis

The global exosome therapeutic market is analysed and market size information is provided by country by type, source, therapy, transporting capacity, application, route of administration and end user as referenced above.

The countries covered in the exosome therapeutic market report are U.S. and Mexico in North America, Turkey in Europe, South Korea, Australia, Hong Kong in the Asia-Pacific, Argentina, Colombia, Peru, Chile, Ecuador, Venezuela, Panama, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Paraguay, Costa Rica, Puerto Rico, Nicaragua, Uruguay as part of Latin America.

Country Level Analysis, By Type

North America dominates the exosome therapeutic market as the U.S. is leader in exosome therapeutic manufacturing as well as research activities required for exosome therapeutics. At present time Stem Cells Group holding shares around 60.00%. In addition global exosomes therapeutics manufacturers like EXOCOBIO, evox THERAPEUTICS and others are intensifying their efforts in China. The Europe region is expected to grow with the highest growth rate in the forecast period of 2019 to 2026 because of increasing research activities in exosome therapeutic by population.

The country section of the report also provides individual market impacting factors and changes in regulation in the market domestically that impacts the current and future trends of the market. Data points such as new sales, replacement sales, country demographics, regulatory acts and import-export tariffs are some of the major pointers used to forecast the market scenario for individual countries. Also, presence and availability of global brands and their challenges faced due to large or scarce competition from local and domestic brands, impact of sales channels are considered while providing forecast analysis of the country data.

Huge Investment by Automakers for Exosome Therapeutics and New Technology Penetration

Global exosome therapeutic market also provides you with detailed market analysis for every country growth in pharma industry with exosome therapeutic sales, impact of technological development in exosome therapeutic and changes in regulatory scenarios with their support for the exosome therapeutic market. The data is available for historic period 2010 to 2017.

Competitive Landscape and Exosome Therapeutic Market Share Analysis

Global exosome therapeutic market competitive landscape provides details by competitor. Details included are company overview, company financials, revenue generated, market potential, investment in research and development, new market initiatives, global presence, production sites and facilities, company strengths and weaknesses, product launch, product trials pipelines, concept cars, product approvals, patents, product width and breadth, application dominance, technology lifeline curve. The above data points provided are only related to the companys focus related to global exosome therapeutic market.

Many joint ventures and developments are also initiated by the companies worldwide which are also accelerating the global exosome therapeutic market.

For instance,

Partnership, joint ventures and other strategies enhances the company market share with increased coverage and presence. It also provides the benefit for organisation to improve their offering for exosome therapeutics through expanded model range.

Customization Available:Global Exosome Therapeutic Market

Data Bridge Market Researchis a leader in advanced formative research. We take pride in servicing our existing and new customers with data and analysis that match and suits their goal. The report can be customised to include price trend analysis of target brands understanding the market for additional countries (ask for the list of countries), clinical trial results data, literature review, refurbished market and product base analysis. Market analysis of target competitors can be analysed from technology-based analysis to market portfolio strategies. We can add as many competitors that you require data about in the format and data style you are looking for. Our team of analysts can also provide you data in crude raw excel files pivot tables (Factbook) or can assist you in creating presentations from the data sets available in the report.

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Exosome Therapeutic Market : Business Plan Strategy, New Solutions, Key Segments, Potential Targets And Recommendations || Major Gaints Jazz...

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Although rare, men get breast cancer too.

According to the National Breast Cancer Foundation, in 2020, an estimated 2,620 men will be diagnosed with breast cancer this year in the U.S. and approximately 520 will die.

The American Society of Clinical Oncology reports that the 5-year survival rate for men with breast cancer is 84%, with individual survival rates dependent upon various factors, including the stage of the disease when it is first diagnosed. If the cancer is located only in the breast, the 5-year survival rate of men with breast cancer increases to 96%. About 47% of cases are diagnosed at this localized stage. If the cancer has spread to the regional lymph nodes, the 5-year survival rate is 83%.

Breast cancer in men is usually detected as a hard lump underneath the nipple and areola. The mortality rate is higher in men than women because awareness among men is sadly lacking. Men are generally less likely to assume a lump is breast cancer, which may keep them from seeking medical advice. Any delay in seeking treatment can diminish the likelihood of a positive outcome.

Most men diagnosed with breast cancer are over the age of 50.

Here are some important facts about male breast cancer from the American Cancer Society:

Breast cancer is about 100 times less common among white men than among white women; and about 70 times less common among Black men than Black women

As with Black women, Black men with breast cancer tend to have a worse prognosis

For men, the lifetime risk of getting breast cancer is about 1 in 833

Breast cancers can start from different parts of the breast

The most common types of breast cancer are ductal carcinoma in situ, invasive ductal carcinoma, and invasive lobular carcinoma

Breast cancer can spread when the cancer cells get into the blood or lymph system and are carried to other parts of the body

Risk factors for breast cancer in men include the following:

Age The risk of male breast cancer increases as a man ages. The average age of men diagnosed with breast cancer is 72.

Genetics Men with a mutation in the BRCA2 gene have an increased risk of breast cancer.

Klinefelter syndrome This is a congenital condition that affects approximately 1 in 1,000 men. Men with Klinefelter syndrome are more likely to get breast cancer than other men.

Radiation exposure Any man whose chest has been treated with radiation is at an increased risk of developing breast cancer.

Alcohol Excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages increases the risk of breast cancer in men.

Liver disease Men with severe liver disease, such as cirrhosis, run an elevated risk of developing benign male breast growth.

Obesity Studies have shown that obesity is a factor for male breast cancer.

The American Cancer Society encourages men who are or may be at a high risk for male breast cancer to discuss how to manage that risk with their doctor. The American Society of Clinical Oncology goes one step further and urges men to become familiar with the feel of their breast and chest wall tissue, so they can talk with their doctor if they notice any lump or change.

Following is a list of possible symptoms of breast cancer:

A lump or swelling, which is often (but not always) painless

Skin dimpling or puckering

Nipple retraction (turning inward)

Redness or scaling of the nipple or breast skin

Discharge from the nipple

For more information about male breast cancer, visit http://www.nationalbreastcancer.org or http://www.cancer.org.

See original here:
Male breast cancer rare, but men should learn risk factors, signs and symptoms - Tampa Bay Newspapers

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

European wildcats, thought to be extinct 50 or so years ago in the Jura mountains, have since recolonised part of their former territory. This resurgence in an area occupied by domestic cats has gone hand-in-hand with genetic crosses between the two species. The hybridisation between wild and domesticated organisms is known to endanger the gene pool of wild species. In a study to be published in the journal Evolutionary Applications, a team of biologists from the University of Geneva (UNIGE), in collaboration with the University of Zurich and the University of Oxford, modelled the interactions between the two species to predict the future of the wildcat in the mountainous region of the Swiss Jura. The different scenarios modelled by the scientists show that within 200 to 300 years --a very short time in evolutionary terms-- hybridisation will entail the irreversible genetic replacement of wildcats, making it impossible to distinguish them from their domestic cousins, as is already the case in Scotland and Hungary.

Although the European wildcat (Felis silvestris) or forest cat was once very common, it fell victim to intensive hunting in the 19th and 20th centuries and to the massive deforestation that cut back its natural habitat, resulting in its disappearance in some parts of Europe. In Switzerland, the wildcat was deemed practically extinct, with no trace found for 25 years from 1943 to 1968. Thanks to a federal law that has protected the animal since 1962, the wildcat has recolonised the forests and meadows in the Jura range, where it lives side-by-side with the domestic cat (Felis catus) in particular. Although considered two species --or as different subspecies by some-- wildcats and domestic cats can interbreed and have hybrid, fertile kittens. These have the genome of both species and may give birth to offspring carrying the recombinant genes of each species. These hybridisations pose a new threat to the wildcat, since they prompt gene transfers based on a mechanism known as genetic introgression. This mechanism can quickly result in the dissemination of the genes of the more abundant species in the genome of the rarer species. The risk exists in the short term that the genome of the domestic cat will gradually replace the gene of the wildcat, which is markedly less plentiful than its domestic cousin, leading to the extinction of the wildcat.

Recolonising the territory

Scientists from UNIGE and the University of Zurich demonstrated in earlier studies that there is a greater introgression of the wildcat genome by the domestic cat genes than vice versa. The demographic and territorial expansion of wildcats over the last 50 years was identified as the most likely cause of these introgressions, which tallies with observations in the field. This conclusion was reached using bioinformatic simulation models factoring in ecological and genetic characteristics. It was estimated that about 5-10% of contacts between wild and domestic cats produced hybrid kittens. Following these discoveries, the computer model was refined in order to make projections and define the urgency for intervening and preserving the species.

The only solution: stop crossbreeding

The variable factors in the model incorporated in the new article, whose last author is Mathias Currat, senior researcher at the UNIGE Department of Genetics and Evolution, are the hybridisation rate, competition for resources in the environment and the size of the populations. Irrespective of the scenario put forward while acting on these variables, a very strong introgression of the domestic cat's genome into the genome of the wildcat is predicted. Mathias sounds a warning: "This is strongest with population sizes comparable to today's, but is still very high even if we consider more favourable conditions for the wildcat, such as an increase in its population size or a competitive advantage over the domestic cat in the regions where they coexist." Juan Montoya-Burgos, laboratory director in the Department of Genetics and Evolution at UNIGE, and co-author of the study, warns: "The model leads to an irreversible genetic replacement resulting in the ultimate disappearance of the wildcat. Only the end of crossbreeding between the two species predicts the conservation of the wild species."

Action needed now

It follows that the wildcat remains an endangered species in spite of the positive signs of its recent expansion. The dynamic model put forward in the UNIGE study, which combines the demographic and spatial growth of the wildcat populations, can be used to predict the future of the species. Based on the various scenarios, wildcats will be assimilated to domestic cats in as little as 200 to 300 years, as is already the case in Scotland and Hungary. "A hybridisation event has a proportionally much greater impact on the wildcat population, which consists of a few hundred individuals, than in the domestic population, which numbers over one million individuals in Switzerland", points out Mathias Currat.

One initiative suggested by the authors is to drastically reduce the opportunities for hybridisation on the fringes of the wildcat territories. Campaigns to sterilise domestic cats living near farms or close to forests are just one of the proposals. Females should be the primary target since domestic females mate more readily with male wildcats than male domestic cats with wild females. "Early interventions are likely to be less costly both financially and in environmental terms. If we stay passive, the threat to weigh on wildcats in the Jura risks being irreversible," concludes Juan Montoya-Burgos.

Link:
Wildcats threatened by their domestic cousins - Science Codex

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

CRISPR & Cas Genes Market size 2020-2025 report, added by Market Study Report, unveils the current & future growth trends of this business sphere in addition to outlining details regarding the myriad geographies that form a part of the regional spectrum of CRISPR & Cas Genes market. Intricate details about the supply & demand analysis, contributions by the top players, and market share growth statistics of the industry are also elucidated in the report.

The research study on the CRISPR & Cas Genes market projects this industry to garner substantial proceeds by the end of the projected duration, with a commendable growth rate liable to be registered over the estimated timeframe. Elucidating a pivotal overview of this business space, the report includes information pertaining to the remuneration presently held by this industry, in tandem with a meticulous illustration of the CRISPR & Cas Genes market segmentation and the growth opportunities prevailing across this vertical.

Request a sample Report of CRISPR & Cas Genes Market at:https://www.marketstudyreport.com/request-a-sample/2853164?utm_source=thedailychronicle.in&utm_medium=Ram

A brief run-through of the industry segmentation encompassed in the CRISPR & Cas Genes market report:

Competitive landscape:

Companies involved: CRISPR Therapeutics, Genscrip, AstraZeneca, Caribou Biosciences, Inc., Cellectis, Addgene, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Editas Medicine, Inc., Horizon Discovery Group Plc, Egenesis, Takara Bio, Inc., Mammoth Biosciences, Synthego, Danaher Corporation, Merck KGaA, Lonza, Cibus, New England BioLabs, Intellia Therapeutics, Inc., Inscripta and Inc

Vital pointers enumerated:

The CRISPR & Cas Genes market report provides an outline of the vendor landscape that includes companies such as CRISPR Therapeutics, Genscrip, AstraZeneca, Caribou Biosciences, Inc., Cellectis, Addgene, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Editas Medicine, Inc., Horizon Discovery Group Plc, Egenesis, Takara Bio, Inc., Mammoth Biosciences, Synthego, Danaher Corporation, Merck KGaA, Lonza, Cibus, New England BioLabs, Intellia Therapeutics, Inc., Inscripta and Inc. Parameters such as the distribution and sales area, alongside other pivotal details such as the firm profiling and overview have also been mentioned.

The study mentions the products manufactured by these esteemed companies as well the product price prototypes, profit margins, valuation accrued, and product sales.

Ask for Discount on CRISPR & Cas Genes Market Report at:https://www.marketstudyreport.com/check-for-discount/2853164?utm_source=thedailychronicle.in&utm_medium=Ram

Geographical landscape:

Regions involved: USA, Europe, Japan, China, India, South East Asia

Vital pointers enumerated:

Segmented into USA, Europe, Japan, China, India, South East Asia, as per the regional spectrum, the CRISPR & Cas Genes market apparently covers most of the pivotal geographies, claims the report, which compiles a highly comprehensive analysis of the geographical arena, including details about the product consumption patterns, revenue procured, as well as the market share that each zone holds.

The study presents details regrading the consumption market share and product consumption growth rate of the regions in question, in tandem with the geographical consumption rate with regards to the products and the applications.

Product landscape

Product types involved: Vector-based Cas, DNA-free Cas and Cell Line Engineering

Vital pointers enumerated:

The CRISPR & Cas Genes market report enumerates information with respect to every product type among CRISPR Therapeutics, Genscrip, AstraZeneca, Caribou Biosciences, Inc., Cellectis, Addgene, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Editas Medicine, Inc., Horizon Discovery Group Plc, Egenesis, Takara Bio, Inc., Mammoth Biosciences, Synthego, Danaher Corporation, Merck KGaA, Lonza, Cibus, New England BioLabs, Intellia Therapeutics, Inc., Inscripta and Inc, elaborating on the market share accrued, projected remuneration of each type, and the consumption rate of each product.

Application landscape:

Application sectors involved: Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Companies, Academics and Government Research Institutes and Contract Research Organizations (CROs

Vital pointers enumerated:

The CRISPR & Cas Genes market report, with respect to the application spectrum, splits the industry into Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Companies, Academics and Government Research Institutes and Contract Research Organizations (CROs, while enumerating details regarding the market share held by each application and the projected value of every segment by the end of the forecast duration.

The CRISPR & Cas Genes market report also includes substantial information about the driving forces impacting the commercialization landscape of the industry as well as the latest trends prevailing in the market. Also included in the study is a list of the challenges that this industry will portray over the forecast period.

Other parameters like the market concentration ratio, enumerated with reference to numerous concentration classes over the projected timeline, have been presented as well, in the report.

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CRISPR & Cas Genes Market Analysis with Key Players, Applications, Trends and Forecasts to 2025 - The Daily Chronicle

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

DUBLIN--(BUSINESS WIRE)--The "Global Mice Model Market by Mice Type (Inbred, Knockout), Technology (CRISPR, TALEN, ZFN), Application (Oncology, Diabetes, Immunology), Service (Breeding, Cryopreservation, Genetic Testing), Care Products (Cages, Bedding, Feed), and Region - Forecast to 2025" report has been added to ResearchAndMarkets.com's offering.

The global mice model market size is projected to reach USD 1.9 billion by 2025 from USD 1.4 billion in 2020, at a CAGR of 6.4% during the forecast period.

The growth of this market is driven mainly by ongoing innovations in mice models, growing demand for personalized medicine, continuous support in the form of grants and investments, growth in the number of pharmaceutical R&D activities, and increasing focus of associations on the development of embryonic stem cells as well as knockout and mutant mice. Moreover, the popularity of humanized mice models and emerging technologies such as Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) will present lucrative opportunities for the market in the coming years.

By mice type, the genetically engineered mice accounted for the fastest-growing segment of the mice model market

Genetically engineered mice segment is anticipated to be the fastest-growing due to the widespread use of these mice in diverse research areas, the emerging CRISPR technology, increasing focus on personalized medicine with the continuous introduction of new models

By service, the breeding segment accounted for the largest share of the mice model market

The breeding segment is expected to account for the largest market share in 2020, with the highest growth rate as well. This can primarily be attributed to the increasing demand for mice models for drug discovery and development and the subsequent increase in the demand for personalized medicines.

Oncology segment expected to grow at the fastest growth rate during the forecast period

Based on application, the mice model market has been segmented into oncology studies, immunology and inflammation studies, endocrine metabolic studies, cardiovascular studies, central nervous system studies (CNS), genetic studies, infectious disease studies, and other disease studies. The endocrine disease studies segment is further segmented into diabetes and other endocrine metabolic disease. The oncology segment is expected to account for the largest market share in 2020, with the highest growth rate as well. This can primarily be attributed to the increasing number of patients who have cancer and the subsequent increase in the demand for cancer therapies.

By technology type, CRISPR/Cas9 accounted for the largest share of the mice model market

CRISPR is the most widely used technology in the mice model market and contributed to the largest share of the mice model market in 2020. Ease of design, high efficiency, and relatively lower cost have increased the demand for CRISPR-customized mice models.

By mice care product, cages segment accounted for the largest share of the mice model market

Based on mice care products, the mice model market has been segmented into cages, feed, bedding, and other products (gnotobiotic equipment, water systems, and accessories). The cages segment accounted for the largest share of the mice model market. This can be attributed to the availability of a wide range of cages designed for specific research needs and the higher cost of cages compared to other care products.

Asia Pacific: The fastest-growing region in the mice model market

The Asia Pacific market is projected to grow at the highest CAGR during the forecast period. Several global pharmaceutical firms have entered the APAC market to tap the significant growth opportunities in emerging Asian countries and lower their production costs by shifting their drug discovery R&D operations and manufacturing to the region. A large number of qualified researchers and low-cost operations in APAC countries, such as India and China, are some of the major factors supporting this trend.

North America: The largest share of the drug discovery services market

North America, which includes the US and Canada, accounted for the largest share of the mice model market. The large share of the North America region can be attributed to the presence of major players operating in the mice model market in the US, growing biomedical research in the US, and rising preclinical activities by CROs and pharmaceutical companies in the region.

Companies Mentioned

For more information about this report visit https://www.researchandmarkets.com/r/17ab4p

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$1.9 Billion Mice Model Market by Mice Type, Technology, Application, Service, Care Products - Global Forecast to 2025 - ResearchAndMarkets.com -...

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Timothy Ray Brown, who became the first HIV patient to be cured of the infection, died September 29 of leukemiathe very disease that led to the fortuitous eradication of the virus from his body. He was 54.

Until he disclosed his identity, Brown was known as the Berlin patient, whose HIV infection was eliminated in 2007 after undergoing a stem cell transplant to treat acute myeloid leukemia. The bone marrow donor was selected to have a naturally occurring genetic variant that blocked HIV from entering cells. The treatment workedboth for his cancer, and his viral infection.

Timothy symbolized that it is possible, under special circumstances to cure HIV, Gero Htter, the doctor who performed the stem cell transplant, tells theAssociated Press.

Until2016, Brown remained the only person in the world to have been cured of AIDS using this approach and his unique experience motivated him to advocate for AIDS research. As he toldThe Scientist in 2015, I didnt want to be the only one in my club.

Brown was born in 1966 and grew up in Seattle. He was living in Berlin when he received the diagnosis of leukemia and sought treatment from Htter. The doctor had previously read about individuals with variants in the CCR5 gene, which codes for a receptor on cell surfaces, that gives themnatural immunity to HIV. Upon finding out that Brown was HIV-positive, Htter decided to look for a bone marrow donor who might have this variant. As Htter explained to The Scientist in 2015, he screened dozens of donors until he found one with the so-called delta32 mutation.

Within months of the transplant, the virus was gone from Browns cells, although his recovery was difficult and he required a second transplant to treat the leukemia.

In 2012, Brown and activist Dave Purdy started the Cure for AIDS Coalition to raise awareness of HIV research. According to aFacebook post by Browns partner, Tim Hoeffgen, Tim committed his lifes work to telling his story about his HIV cure and became an ambassador of hope. Tim also gave numerous blood and tissue samples to researchers after his cure.

The invasiveness of the bone marrow transplant precludes it from being applied more widely to HIV patients, but the insights gained from Browns successful cure have inspired further work on CCR5. For instance, in 2017, researchers used CRISPR to disrupt the gene in human hematopoietic stem cells anddemonstrated that these cells could ward off HIV infection in mice transplanted with them. More recently, andcontroversially, the gene was a target of CRISPR-based editing in human embryos to make them resistant to HIV.

Brown never again tested positive for HIV. His leukemia, however, relapsed five months ago.

Timothy was a champion and advocate for keeping an HIV cure on the political and scientific agenda, Sharon Lewin, the director of the Doherty Institute in Melbourne, Australia, tells theBBC. It is the hope of the scientific community that one day we can honour his legacy with a safe, cost-effective and widely accessible strategy to achieve HIV remission and cure using gene editing or techniques that boost immune control.

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Timothy Ray Brown, First Person to Be Cured of HIV, Dies - The Scientist

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

When considering ongoing genetic improvement efforts in tilapia culture, comparisons with the development of the modern chicken industry often present themselves.

C Greg Lutz

Some 150 years ago, global poultry production looked quite a bit like tilapia production did in 1970. Chicken production was seasonal in many parts of the world because of climate and nutritional constraints, and it was a very fragmented industry, focusing mostly on local or regional markets. As a result, there were hundreds of localised chicken breeds and the culture of different birds in different localities was the norm.

Throughout the world the past century saw a shift from this fragmented industry, based on subsistence- and small-scale production, to vertically integrated facilities and specialised hatchery businesses with a focus on genetic improvement. This trend continues today, as industrial production expands in less developed nations.

The original focus of chicken breeders involved both egg and meat production in the same birds, but this shifted to separate breeding goals after World War I. At that point, production of meaty birds, known as broilers, became distinctly differentiated from that of the layers that supplied eggs. When broilers were first commercialised, mass selection was the approach used to improve production and meat yield. This resulted in moderate progress, because at the time most breeding flocks exhibited heritabilities ranging from 0.2 to 0.4.

In the tilapia industry the importance of meat yield is finally gaining more recognition as an important breeding goal. Heritabilities for fillet yield, ranging from 0.2 to 0.38 from 130 to 210 days of age, were reported in a population of Nile tilapia in Brazil (Turra et al. 2012) and a heritability of 0.25 was reported from Malaysia (Nguyen et al. 2010), but Gjerde et al. (2012) reported a much lower value of 0.06 for a line from Nicaragua. More recently, Yoshida et al. (2019) reported a modest increase in heritability estimates when using genomic information on a population in Costa Rica.

In chickens we see a negative correlation between growth and fecundity, so reproductive capacity is important in female lines, even when meat production is the ultimate goal. In tilapia improvement programmes, growth is also usually the breeding goal, but spawning success and frequency are critical considerations in commercial hatcheries. Heritability of spawning success was reported as 0.14 to 0.22 for a population of Nile tilapia in Vietnam, depending on the statistical model and spawning period.

In the years following World War II, chicken breeders began to cross distinct lines to produce broiler chicks. One reason was to maintain female lines that exhibited good egg production while crossing these with male lines that might be less productive as a result of intense selection for growth. This same practice occurs in many tilapia hatcheries around the world. Modern broiler production has evolved into a five-year process where four distinct lines are crossed to ultimately produce chicks. Crossing distinct lines is still not a common practice in tilapia production, but for a period of time hybrids were quite popular in China and also in Israel. At one time the breeding programme of a large tilapia operation in Honduras was based on a double crossing design similar to those used in the chicken industry.

Disease resistance has been an important component of chicken breeding programmes for many decades. In tilapia, a similar emphasis is taking hold. The recent emergence of tilapia lake virus (TiLV) has caused concern across the globe, but new research suggests breeding programmes to reduce or eliminate this threat may be possible. Using data from 124 O. niloticus families in Malaysia, researchers estimated heritabilities for TiLV resistance ranging from 0.48 to 0.56, with family survival ranging from 0 percent to 100 percent (Barria et al. 2020).

Some of the more long-standing tilapia pathogens are still causing major problems. Many tilapia hatcheries struggle with Flavobacterium columnare, the causative agent for columnaris disease. Selective breeding has been shown as a means to improve resistance to columnaris in tilapia, and this is important in tropical regions, where vaccines are not available and antibiotic resistance is on the rise. Researchers working with the Chitralada 4 strain in Thailand reported heritability estimates for columnaris resistance ranging from 0.14 to 0.30, based on different statistical models, with family survival rates ranging from 8 percent to 70 percent (Wonmongkol et al. 2017). Genetic influence over resistance to Streptococcus iniae and S. agalactiae have also been demonstrated, with heritabilities of 0.52 and 0.38, respectively, but resistance to one pathogen does not appear to confer resistance to the other (Shoemaker et al. 2016). Dr Carlos Lozano, with Spring Genetics, stated that selection for disease resistance is among the tilapia industrys top priorities for genetic improvement, adding In particular diseases like S. Iniae, S. agalactiae, Francisella,TiLV and columnaris.

C Greg Lutz

By the 1960s, chicken improvement programmes were emphasising the importance of feed conversion efficiency. This trait is quite difficult to measure in fish, but recent study demonstrated significant genetic control over it in Nile tilapia, with an estimated heritability of 0.32 (de Verdal et al. 2018). One genetic correlation with feed efficiency that was significant was weight loss at fasting (0.80), which would allow indirect selection for individuals with superior FCR while avoiding the complex task of measuring individual feed intake.

As quantitative genetic tools and selection programmes became more sophisticated, the chicken breeding sector began to consolidate, and most breeding programmes adopted selection indices that included more than 40 distinct physiological traits relating to feed efficiency, disease resistance, skeletal structure and behaviour. By the late 2000s only three major breeding companies dominated the market: Cobb-Vantress, Aviagen and Group Grimaud (a multi-species company based in Europe that also has interests in aquaculture species).

Over time, genetic improvement tools for chickens have evolved from mass selection, to index selection, to the use of BLUP estimates, to marker-assisted selection and now genomic selection is becoming the norm. When I asked Dr Lozano to cite some of the most important developments in tilapia improvement in recent years, he indicated: The recent development of SNP chips for tilapia has enabled the inclusion of marker assisted (MAS) and genomic selection in tilapia breeding programmes (eg Spring Genetics and GenoMar). This is especially important for disease resistance, where generally family selection was used and candidates were selected based on the performance of their siblings. With genomic selection we can select candidates based on their individual genetic merit. Gene-editing technologies have also recently been applied by AquaBounty and approved for Nile tilapia in Argentina.

Since there are so few genetic nuclei, modern industrial chicken lines must be adaptable to conditions found around the globe. Unlike a century ago, when any number of local chicken breeds could be found around the world, the birds being produced by these large corporations must incorporate adaptability to a variety of grow-out conditions and diets. This potential conflict between centralised breeding operations and a multitude of grow-out environments may eventually become an issue for tilapia producers as improved lines are disseminated across the globe. When asked about this, Dr Lozano commented: I envision the dissemination of superior genetics mostly to industrial scale producers. For small scale producers the low profit margin may restrict their accessibility to high quality fry.

Modern chickens are largely descended from the red jungle fowl, but at least one other related species appears to have contributed to the birds we raise today. Many lines of O. niloticus also include genetic contributions from other species. However, while the genome of the modern chicken has been relatively stable over the past century, this milestone is yet to be attained in tilapia. Not all tilapia are created equal. Researchers in Thailand used microsatellite genetic markers to examine changes in four lines of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) derived from the genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT) strain, and in two lines derived from a local Chitralada strain. Three of the four GIFT-derived populations remained relatively pure, with no decline in genetic variation. However, one of the GIFT-derived populations showed high levels of introgression from the Chitralada strain, and the Chitralada-derived populations exhibited introgression from GIFT lines. Introgression from O. mossambicus was also observed in one of the Chitralada-derived lines and from O. aureus in one of the GIFT-derived lines (Sukmanomon et al. 2011).

C Espejo Genipez Viterbo

The situation regarding some semblance of genomic standardisation becomes even more complicated with red tilapia. In many parts of the world, consumers demand red-coloured fish. Although red colouration has been established in O. niloticus (the red Stirling line) through the isolation and propagation of a single red mutant (McAndrew et al. 1988, Hussain 1994), most strains of red tilapia include genetic contributions from several distinct species including slower-growing O. mossambicus and O. urolepis hornorum (Desprez et al. 2006). In recent years efforts to develop robust commercial lines of red O niloticus have advanced through backcrossing red Stirling fish with fast-growing strains such as GIFT and Chitralada (Lago et al. 2017). In Colombia, my colleague Carlos Espejo has adapted a similar strategy, crossing local red lines of multi-species ancestry with Chitralada-based wild-type fish.

Just as most unimproved varieties of chickens would not perform very well in commercial chicken houses, most industrial birds would not survive long in the farmyards of subsistence farmers around the globe. Many local varieties of chicken persist around the world, and leaving aside all the introgression and hybridisation that has occurred over the past century, even within pure O. niloticus a similar array of variation can be found in terms of local and regional strains. Africa as a whole is a region of concern in terms of conserving genetic resources scattered among hundreds of local stocks of Nile tilapia. In the case of chickens, many historically recognised European, Asian and North American breeds were already reported as extinct by the FAO in 2007, having been replaced by modern varieties. Many more breeds were listed as at risk at that time. However, in regions where subsistence farming still plays a significant role in food production, indigenous chicken breeds persist, due to their accumulated adaptation to local conditions. Hopefully the same will hold true for tilapia.

References available from the author.

His career has included experience with numerous aquatic species in a number of countries. Dr Lutz is also the author of the book Practical Genetics for Aquaculture.

Original post:
The aquatic chicken: tilapia genetics and their parallels with poultry - The Fish Site

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

A study conducted on fruit flies reveals that there might be more mutations that affect aging than scientists previously thought.

Researchers from Linkping University in Sweden have conducted a new study that resulted in findings that support a novel theory regarding the type of mutation that causes aging. Most people have come to accept that aging is an irreversible process - an organism is born, it develops, ages, and eventually dies.

However, for evolutionary biologists, this is not the case. Urban Friberg, senior lecturer at Linkping University's Physics, Chemistry, and BIology department explains that "the evolution of aging is, in a manner of speaking, a paradox." Friberg adds that there are organisms that continue to develop but without ceasing to age.

The details and results of their study are published in the journal BMC Biology.

(Photo: Photo by Leon Neal/Getty Images)LONDON, ENGLAND - FEBRUARY 22: A magnifying lamp illuminates a selection of fruit flies in a sample dish, at the "Craft and Graft" exhibition at the Crick Institute on February 22, 2019, in London, England.

Aging is defined as the "decline in physiological function with age, which results in a gradual decrease in survival and/or reproductive performance." While most theories support that aging, and its characterizations, are based on genetics. For aging to work in response to the declining strength of age-selection, researchers noted the need for a genetic architecture that accommodates mutations with age-specific effects.

Evolutionary biologists came up with two theories, about seventy years ago, to explain the two types of mutation that causes aging. Both mutations were explained to be detrimental to the organism over time - causing it to age. These mutations, however, may either be advantageous or simply neutral early in the organism's life. However, researchers have not yet identified which of these mutations contribute more to aging.

The study from Linkping University used the Drosophila melanogaster, or the fruit fly, one of the most common subjects for research around the world. Researchers experimented with 20 different mutations introduced to the genetic material of the flies. Each experiment had mutated and control groups. The mutations were visibly observable for the researchers - a different appearance of the wings, or a difference in the eye of the flies.

RELATED: New Study Mimics Fly Vision for Rapid Flight Control in Robots

Researchers then used the fertility of fruit flies as the metric for aging. As organisms grow older, their chances of death increase, and their ability to give birth reduces. They did this by counting the eggs laid by female specimens early on, then every two weeks - to see if the introduced mutations affected the rate at which these flies laid eggs.

Results show that the mutations had negatively affected the fertility of the fruit flies early in life, while others caused the fruit flies to lay eggs more rapidly. Sixteen of the mutations tested had adversely affected fecundity, with 14 of these 16 mutations increasing in effect as the flies aged.

"The results suggest that mutations that are detrimental early in life can also contribute to aging," said Martin Iinatti Brengdahl, a Ph.D. student at Linkping University's Physics, Chemistry, and BIology department. He explained: "it may be that mutations that bring on aging are significantly more common than we previously believed."

RELATED: Too Lazy to Exercise? Is It Genetic?

Check more news and information on Aging in Science Times.

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Mutations That Affect Aging May Be More Common Than Previously Thought - Science Times

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

While women can totally experience hereditary and age-related hair loss, there are some other factors to keep in mind. Usually, Causes in receding hairlines for women are frontal fibrosing alopecia or traction alopecia, Ziering notes. Fibrosing alopecia is an autoimmune condition that has the body mistakenly attack the follicles that results in follicular damage or scarring. It is not very common, and it mostly affects postmenopausal women. The theory here is that post-menopausal women have a low estrogen environment around the hair follicles, which is thought to trigger the fibrosing alopecia process. But again, its not so common.

Traction alopecia, however, is much more commonplaceits a medical condition that results from long-term damage on the hair. It usually stems from consistent, too-tight hairstyles like braids, weaves, buns or tight ponytails, especially on chemically treated hair, says Ziering.

Or, women may also experience postpartum hair loss, which can cause the hairline to look a bit meager. It does eventually grow back (usually in six to 12 months), but the wait-time can understandably feel a little frustrating.

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Receding Hairlines: Lets Get To The Root Of The Issue + 6 Expert Ways To Stop It - mindbodygreen.com

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

A lack of transparent data on the egg-freezing services provided by fertility clinics is creating a series of ethical issues, experts have warned.

In a briefing note published by the Nuffield Council on Bioethics, they said there is a pressing need for information on the success rates of egg freezing to be presented more clearly, accessibly and transparently.

The experts said a lack of long-term data on egg freezing gives an incomplete picture of success rates and motivations for freezing, which creates a series of ethical issues.

Frances Flinter, Nuffield Council member and emeritus professor of clinical genetics at Guys and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, said: Its vital for women thinking about freezing their eggs to be able to make informed choices.

To do this, they need easy access to data on their chances of success across various stages of the process from freezing and thawing eggs, to having a live birth.

But they also need clinics to be frank about the process and about what is known and unknown about egg freezing.

This is especially important given egg freezings increasing popularity.

The Nuffield note also said that clear information and research is needed for egg freezing being offered as an employment benefit by some companies in the UK.

It said: SEF (social egg freezing) as an employment benefit might be seen as a workplace gender equaliser that has positive effects on womens salaries.

However it might also push women to delay motherhood to show commitment to their career in a manner not required of male employees.

The Nuffield note has also highlighted examples of marketing concerns over egg freezing, which include the trivialisation of egg freezing in media coverage, the role of social media influencers promotion of the technology, the use of algorithms that target women with egg freezing adverts, and events where egg freezing is discussed over prosecco.

It is important that marketing strategies consider such research so that womens anxieties are not exploited, it said.

The note also discussed the benefits of increasing the storage limit for social egg freezing from 10 years, which is currently being considered by the Government.

Positive implications of increasing the limit include enabling women to freeze at an earlier age and providing them with more time to make their own decisions about when and whether to use their frozen eggs, it said.

Commenting on the Nuffield Council note, Dr John Appleby, lecturer in medical ethics at Lancaster University, said: The UKs 10-year egg freezing rule for social egg freezing is not fit for purpose and this briefing highlights how we have very little reason for maintaining it any longer.

He added: If the UK fails to remove the 10-year limit on social egg freezing, there is a risk that some UK patients will be forced to travel abroad in order to access the egg freezing services that they want.

Joyce Harper, professor of reproductive science, Institute for Womens Health, University College London, said: We are seeing an increase in the marketing of egg freezing to young women, with a lack of unbiased information including the value of egg freezing, the success and the cost.

She added: The Nuffield report highlights the need for fertility education to ensure women are aware of female fertility decline.

See the rest here:
Lack of transparent data on egg freezing creating ethical issues, experts warn - The Irish News

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Editors Note: The Chronicle is working to assist local businesses suffering from the effects of the COVID-19 virus spread and associated government orders to close or limit commerce. There will be a feature on a local business in each edition of The Chronicle and at chronline.com moving forward. To be considered, email reporter Eric Trent at etrent@chronline.com. Additionally, The Chronicle will continue to offer its coverage of the coronavirus and its effects across the community, state and nation free outside of our paywall at chronline.com.

ROCHESTER Max, a 6-year-old German shepherd, is crouched motionless in a grassy yard on a sunny Tuesday in Rochester; his eyes fixated on a figure 25 yards away. Pack em! yells Wayne Curry as the canine bolts upright and tears off toward a man in a full body suit of protective gear. Max springs to the air in one fluid motion, clamps onto a protective arm sleeve and rips it off the trainers arm. Max does a victory lap around the yard with the sleeve in his mouth.

Max, a large alpha male with a smooth black coat, is Currys personal pet and the most highly-trained dog at his Kraftwerk K9 company, a German shepherd training and breeding facility located on the rural outskirts of Rochester. And Max, who snaps to attention at a bevy of commands that Curry reels off in German, is the prime example of what all of Currys 30 adult German shepherds are trained and bred in doing: protection, obedience and tracking.

Unassuming passersby may notice the wrought iron fence with the company name and the giant German Shepherd emblem, but have no idea that one of the top German shepherd trainers and handlers in the world works just beyond the fence.

Der Speigel, one of Europes most-read news websites, named Curry the most successful German shepherd breeder in the U.S. in 2011. Germans now travel 5,000 miles to Rochester just to buy dogs from him.

Max takes the training arm right off Dakota Deal throwing him to the ground Tuesday afternoon at Kraftwerk K9 German Shepherds in Rochester.

Curry first became interested in the breed after his father bought him a male, King, and female, Willy, when he was 8 years old, and he began training and preparing them for shows.

He started to get into protection training as an adult when he came home from work one night to find his Rottweiler was chewing on a bone in the front yard while the back door had been kicked in and everything valuable was stolen from his house.

He left his machinist job at Boeing in 1987 to become a full-time obedience trainer in Centralia where hed go to shelters and pass his business cards out to gain customers.

The shelter really loved me because they never had to put a dog to sleep, Curry said. I would take them out and train them just so I could get a better knowledge base.

He later entered dog breeding after he couldnt find a dog that he wanted. For the price of what he could have paid for six average females, he bought one good one, Chili, which had a litter of six puppies. From there he gained the foundation of what a perfect dog could be.

Ive always kept that same picture of what a German shepherd should be like, Curry said. My goal never changes.

He moved to Rochester in 1995, bought an $18,000 mobile home and a five-acre property of Christmas trees for $40,000 and built his first four kennels.

Wayne Curry talks about the uniquely designed kennels and living conditions Tuesday afternoon at Kraftwerk K9 German Shepherds in Rochester.

Hes since expanded to 25 acres and has recently installed state-of-the-art kennels that look more like AirBnBs for humans than dog houses. They feature climate-controlled rooms, heated tile floors and ceiling fans with a light. Outside of each dog house is a fenced concrete ring with wood chips in the middle, a design that Curry came up with himself.

Hes trained and bred nearly 600 litters of German shepherd puppies since 1987. His entire facility is surrounded by training fields and four houses that he and his employees live in so the dogs receive 24/7 care year-round. Its more like a resort for dogs than a kennel.

In the front yard of the facility are foot-tall fences where five litters of puppies roam around in the green grass. Each puppy is friendly and approaches the fence to be pet by anyone who greets them.

Inside the main building, three walls of the lobby are covered in dozens of trophies Curry won while competing in 100 competitions worldwide.

The first German shepherd he handled became a Pacific Northwest Schutzhund Champion. He qualified for the Weltunion der Vereine fr Deutsche Schferhunde (WUVS), the working dog world championships in Germany, on four different occasions, including three years in a row with the same dog. He was the highest-scoring American dog handler at WUVS one year. To qualify for the WUVS, a handler has to compete in three national events in the U.S. and place top five in combined scores.

Curry was the first handler in history to have not just one, but three American-bred dogs compete in the Bundessiegerprfung (BSP) German nationals. And in 2007, he won the AKC Working Dog Championship.

Its fun to watch when American dogs are in Germany winning, Curry said.

A curious puppy stretches up a fence Tuesday afternoon at Kraftwerk K9 German Shepherds in Rochester.

Curry has since retired from competition and focuses solely on providing trained dogs to private parties, mostly for personal and home protection. He has drawn clients from around the world.

Just as the pet industry boomed during the 2008 recession, Curry is seeing it again with the COVID-19 pandemic. His business has tripled over what it did during the 2008 recession.

Fear is a motivator, Curry said. We have the highest level of fear that I can remember. Fear causes people to think about protecting themselves.

German shepherds are the perfect security measure, Curry said. They are not concealed like a handgun. Theyre very visible. If a person is going to break into a house, theyre going to choose the one that doesnt have the German shepherd in the yard, he said. His dogs arent just protection animals, either. They are friendly and safe around children, he said. As this reporter toured the facility, each dog they encountered was friendly and pettable.

Private parties are figuring out that they need a dog with courage and a dog with a sound nerve base, which means you can take them everywhere and the dog is always safe and not a dangerous dog, Curry said. We dont have any dangerous dogs on our property.

His former dogs have risen to all kinds of heights, too. One of Maxs sons is training to compete in the German national championships. Curry sold a female, Pele, to the Seattle Police Department to become a K9 dog. Pele was featured on A&Es TV show Americas Top Dog earlier this year, which is like America Ninja Warrior for dogs.

Wayne Curry smiles while posing with Max and the training arm Tuesday afternoon at Kraftwerk K9 German Shepherds in Rochester.

Curry doesnt like to take all the credit for his dogs, however. Its not just the training that makes a dog effective at its job, whether it be tracking down bad guys for the police or protecting a home against invaders. One has to find a dog that enjoys doing what a person wants it to do.

A lot of that has to do with breeding and bloodlines, and Curry has some of the top lineages one can find. Dogs are a product of their parents, he said, and if even one puppy does not turn out to be like its parents, Curry will stop breeding that line.

Currys training just enhances what the dogs naturally have, and he uses it to maximize their ability and effectiveness. Courage, hardness and fighting drive are the traits evaluated in the competitions he competed in and those are still the traits he strives for with the dogs he sells.

A dog doesnt pass on his training, he passes on his genetics, Curry said. The ideal dog has really good genetics and really good training you dont have to teach a dog that has natural drive, and thats what I have, is dogs with natural drive.

Read more from the original source:
Kraftwerk K9 Offers Some of the Best-Trained German Shepherds in the World - Centralia Chronicle

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Body shaming or mocking someone on their appearance can have a negative impact on their mental health, erode their self-confidence, or even lead to eating disorders. Which is why it is important to speak up against it.

Recently, a body-positive content creator and model, shared a video in which she urged everyone to stop saying that body-positive pages are glorifying obesity when theyre actually normalizing all body types. She also added that we should stop assuming that fitness is directly related to ones weight and refrain from shaming others by calling them names like sticks (for skinny people) and elephants (for curvy people).

Weight gain or loss is a function of various factors like genetics, medical issues, age, sleeping patterns, and even stress. So, lets not make fun of someone by using these names.

Cover Image Source

Read more:
Women Speak Out Against Body Shaming & Reveal Cruel Nicknames They Got For Their Weight - Storypick

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

[co-author: Drew McNeill]

Photo by National Cancer Institute on Unsplash

No painful procedure or biopsy needed. We can test our blood to diagnose and even predict cancer.

The Human Genome Project, a joint effort between the U.S. Department of Energy and the National Institutes of Health, began in 1990 and was completed in 2003. The goal of the Project was to map all the genes of the human DNA. Genomic medicine has come a long way since then. In 2020, we can test a cancer patients blood (via liquid biopsy) to direct personalized medical decisions about treatment.

Liquid biopsy can also identify individuals with, or at risk for, hereditary cancers. Clinicians routinely use germline (hereditary) DNA genetic testing to inform clinical decisions surrounding cancer treatment and surveillance. For example, identification of a germline pathogenic variant in BRCA1 in a female patient with breast cancer could be the determining factor in her decision to pursue bilateral mastectomy vs lumpectomy or her eligibility for a particular therapy. But DNA testing alone is often inconclusive, with anywhere from 2% to 44% of identified variants classified as variants of uncertain significance (VUS). Now, pairing it with RNA genetic testing has provided a breakthrough, by resolving a substantial proportion of VUS either as benign or pathologic. RNA genetic testing can also identify mutations that DNA-only genetic testing misses.

Its not just a lab theory. Pairing +RNAinsight with hereditary cancer DNA tests, Ambry Genetics has offered a commercially available concurrent RNA and DNA genetic testing for hereditary cancer risk since 2019. In a pilot study, clinicians reported that RNA/DNA testing changed clinical recommendations for 44% of patients and 78% of families, compared to DNA testing results alone. In addition to the technical advantages discussed above, there is a practical advantage of concurrent testing as compared to sequential testing: In sequential testing, 90 percent of patients dropped out after DNA testing without sending in samples for RNA testing.

Its all fascinating from a scientific perspective, but how does it matter in a lawsuit?

Say you are involved in a medical malpractice case or a product liability case related to cancer. Determining where the cancer originated is often the first step because it helps understand if the defendants product or services had something to do with the plaintiffs cancer and/or outcome. But it is sometimes impossible to tell where a patients cancer originated. Advanced imaging techniques (like CT and PET scanning) have been helpful, but the primary (originating) site of some cancers still remain unknown. In some of those difficult cases, liquid biopsies may be able to help solve the mystery.

And there is sometimes a question of what caused the cancer. As discussed above, knowledge of genetic mutations linked to a hereditary likelihood of getting cancer, like a BRCA1 mutation causing breast cancer, is growing. Inherited or not, knowledge linking genetic mutations and mutation patterns to various features of cancer (tissue type, cell type, primary site, etc.) or patient profile (age, sex, race, exposure to certain carcinogens, etc.) is also growing. Genetic testing may even provide evidence of an independent cause of cancer, unrelated to the defendants product or service.

Also, genetic testing may reveal a patients genetic mutations that could cause other cancers or other significant diseases (autoimmune diseases, dementia, etc.). Even when the defendants product or services were related to the plaintiffs cancer or outcome, genetic mutations that would likely have shortened the plaintiffs lifespan and/or significantly worsened their future quality of life may impact damages to which that plaintiff may be entitled.

As medical knowledge advances, lawyers must keep pace. The rules of ethics require lawyers to be competent for litigators, to have the necessary understanding to properly prosecute their clients claims, or defend their clients from poorly-founded claims. Understanding the implications of genetic testing would then be not only helpful, but also necessary, for litigators going forward.

[View source.]

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Genomic Medicine is Knocking on the Courtroom Door - JD Supra

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Global Cryonics Technology Market Size, Status and Forecast 2020-2026 explains the historic growth of the market and the forecasts the future. The report determines the market properties, industry layout, obstacles in the market, and industry effectiveness. The report covers various aspects of the global Cryonics Technology market along with the factors governing the same. The report gives insights of market size, trends, share, growth, development plans, investment plan, cost structure and drivers analysis. The document provides in-depth analysis for new competitors or existing competitors in the market. It focuses on recent trends and developments and the changing structure of the market.

Market Scope:

The scope of the report is limited to the application of the type, and distribution channel.This report presents the worldwide Cryonics Technology market size (value, production and consumption), splits the breakdown (data status 20152020 and forecast to 2026), by manufacturers, region, type and application. It analyzes opportunities in the overall market for stakeholders by identifying the high-growth segments. The research report is a compilation of key data with regards to the competitive landscape of this vertical and the multiple regions where the business has successfully established its position.

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NOTE: Our analysts monitoring the situation across the globe explains that the market will generate remunerative prospects for producers post COVID-19 crisis. The report aims to provide an additional illustration of the latest scenario, economic slowdown, and COVID-19 impact on the overall industry.

Below mentioned companies are analyzed upon their revenue, price margins in the market and main products they offer: Praxair, Cellulis, Cryologics, Cryotherm, KrioRus, VWR, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Custom Biogenic Systems, Oregon Cryonics, Alcor Life Extension Foundation, Osiris Cryonics, Sigma-Aldrich, Southern Cryonics,

Market segment by product type split into

along with their consumption (sales), market share and growth rate

Market segment by application, split into Animal husbandry, Fishery science, Medical science, Preservation of microbiology culture, Conserving plant biodiversity, along with their consumption (sales), market share and growth rate

Moreover, the report contains comprehensive list ofkey market playersalong with their global Cryonics Technology market overview, product protocol, key highlights, key financial issues, SWOT analysis, and business strategies. The study dedicatedly offers helpful solutions for players to increase their clients on a global scale and expand their favor significantly over the forecast period. Major activities employed by leading players such as mergers and acquisitions, collaborations along with new product launches are assessed in the report.

Here are the strengths of the geographic divisions: North America (United States, Canada, Mexico), Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, South Korea, India, Australia, Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Philippines, Vietnam), Europe (Germany, France, UK, Italy, Russia, Rest of Europe), Central & South America (Brazil, Rest of South America), Middle East & Africa (GCC Countries, Turkey, Egypt, South Africa, Rest of Middle East & Africa)

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View Related Report: Global Medical X-ray Radiation Protection Glass Market 2020 Strategic Market Growth, Key Manufacturers and Industry Demand Analysis to 2025

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Global Cryonics Technology Market share, size 2020| emerging rapidly with latest trends, growth, revenue, demand and forecast to 2026 - The Daily...

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Nilanjan Ghosh, MD, PhD, a medical oncologist at Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health in Charlotte, NC, discussed the case of a 22-year-old patients with advanced Hodgkin lymphoma.

Targeted Oncology: What is your assessment of the patient?

GHOSH: The patients serum albumin is 4.2 g/dL, so thats an issue. The fact that she has stage IV disease, and that the white cell count was high, and the lymphocyte count was low are factors leading to an International Prognostic Score [IPS] of 4. The 5-year overall survival for high IPS, based on historical data, is not as good. I dont know if this would apply as much now, but this is what we have if we use the historical data. That suggests that she is a higher-risk patient. To be honest, the IPS has not affected treatment choice as much, at least in the United States, but well see if some of the newer treatments such as brentuximab vedotin [Adcetris] plus doxorubicin/vinblastine/dacarbazine [A+AVD] have any effect on that subgroup.

What do the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines recommend for stage III or IV disease?

There are 2 treatment pathways that can be followed in patients who have stage III or IV.1 One focuses on a PET-adaptive pathway, which is ABVD [adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine], followed by AVD [adriamycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine] or BEACOPP [bleomycin, etoposide, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, prednisone]. The non-PET adaptive therapy is the other pathway and uses brentuximab vedotin and AVD or escalated BEACOPP. Escalated BEACOPP is not usually used in North America.

Which regimen was chosen in this patient?

The patient was treated with brentuximab vedotin and AVD. Interim PET scan shows a Deauville score of 3; the patient tolerated this regimen well with G-CSF support. I think most people are certainly familiar with the Deauville scoring system, so just remembering that if the uptake is less than the liver, that is considered as grade 3 response. If its uptake is moderately above or markedly above, then thats considered progressive.

What are the key findings of the ECHELON-1 study (NCT01712490)2?

ECHELON-1 evaluated brentuximab and AVD versus ABVD. The standard of care is ABVD. The most important thing to note is the dose of brentuximab, which is 1.2 mg/kg, not 1.8 mg/kg, because this is given every 2 weeks. Its mirroring when ABVD is administered.

[This was a] large study with [more than] 1200 patients. It examined patients with stage III or IV classical Hodgkin lymphoma who had relatively good performance status. The investigators did allow patients to enroll if they had measurable disease and adequate liver and renal function. There was a PET scan at the end of cycle 2; however, this was not a PET-adaptive therapy. ABVD was given for 6 cycles. There is no decrease to AVD or escalation to BEACOPP

At 3 years, the progression-free survival [PFS] rate was 83% in the treatment arm and 76% in the control arm. This is highly significant, with a P value of .005, a hazard ratio of 0.7.

Overall, subgroup analysis favors brentuximab and AVD. But the confidence intervals do cross over in some categories, especially in the regional subgroup. For some reason, ABVD seems to do better in Asia. The study, though, is not powered to determine if 1 region is better than another. So, you have to take this kind of data with a grain of salt.

Now, remember this patient was young; shes in her early 20s. In a younger age group, the A+AVD did better than ABVD. She lives in North America, so thats a region where ABVD did better. And then looking at the IPS, she had a score of 4, and thats another group in which A+AVD did better.

In general, A+AVD would probably be favored in stage IV disease. Her symptoms are associated with having extranodal sites, and in our case, the patients extranodal site was associated with the bones. Her performance status is good.

Looking at the responses in ECHELON-1, the overall response rate was 86% versus 83%, so there are small differences.

Regarding adverse effects [AEs], remember that when we think about brentuximab, we think of peripheral neuropathy. In the study, peripheral neuropathy was 67% for the treatment arm versus 42% in the ABVD arm. For diarrhea, its 27% versus 18%, and abdominal pain was slightly higher in ABVD, as well. In terms of any AEs, theyre similar; grade 3 events were more for A+AVD versus ABVD.

I will mention that initially in the protocol there was no mandate for growth factor, so most patients were treated without growth factors. There were increasing incidences of neutropenia and neutropenic fevers in the A+AVD arm. Protocol amendments were performed later and G-CSF support was introduced. It was the middle part of the program. The guidelines recommend that A+AVD should be used with G-CSF support. But the protocol for the most part didnt initiate G-CSF support except toward the end. So, we see 83 patients who [received] G-CSF support and 579 who didnt.

In terms of serious AEs, there were more associated with A+AVD. The reason I bring that up is because the majority of that protocol was already carried out without the G-CSF support. The treatment group ended up seeing more AEs and clearly there are more incidences of neuropathy with A+AVD. Drug discontinuation, however, was about the same between the groups. Deaths during treatment [were] very low, and there were more hospitalizations observed with A+AVD.

Did investigators initiate any dose delays?

Most of the dose delays were initiated because of neutropenia and febrile neutropenia. For patients who discontinued more than 1 drug because of AEs, 7% were attributed to peripheral neuropathy, which is an important AE in this treatment.

Regarding pulmonary toxicity, we would expect a bleomycin-containing regimen would have higher pulmonary toxicity. It was seen in 7% of patients with ABVD and 2% with A+AVD,

and grade 3 or more pulmonary toxicity was low in A+AVD but observed in 3% of patients with ABVD.2

How were febrile neutropenia and any neutropenia addressed in the trial?

We see a difference between patients who [received] G-CSF support versus those who didnt, regarding febrile neutropenia versus any neutropenia. In patients who developed febrile neutropenia during treatment, 11% of those who received G-CSF support experienced the AE, and 21% who did not receive G-CSF support experienced the AE.

For neutropenia any grade, 73% of patients who did not receive GCSF versus 35% of patients who did receive G-CSF support developed it. Similarly, for grade 3 or more neutropenia, 70% who did not receive G-CSF versus 29% of patients who did developed it. To me, that is the most striking observation.

In the ABVD arm, there was neutropenia observed with ABVD, and we all have had patients with ABVD where the absolute neutrophil count is low, and we still go ahead and treat. That is done in standard practice.

In terms of serious AEs, there were more serious AEs with A+AVD compared [with] ABVD, 44% versus 28%. And there were no differences in deaths.

The A+AVD regimen can cause peripheral neuropathy. But if you look at complete resolution of peripheral neuropathy, you can see that 78% of patients treated with A+AVD had complete resolution and 83% of those on ABVD had complete resolution. Patients receiving ABVD also get neuropathy primarily because of vinblastine. Improvement in neuropathy also occurred in both groups; 17% of patients had improvement, not resolution, in the A+AVD arm versus 9% in the ABVD arm. The vast majority had resolution, but many had improvement as well.

However, for ongoing neuropathy that [was] grade 1 or 2, 25% of patients in the A+AVD arm and only 11% in the ABVD group experienced this. We have to be vigilant and monitor them throughout treatment so that it doesnt get too bad, so appropriate dose reductions can be made.

The bottom line here is most neuropathy is going to go away, but there will be patients where neuropathy can persist, and that can be an annoying thing, especially for a young person. For many in long-term follow-up, theyll experience improvement in neuropathy over time, which means things are getting better, but that doesnt mean its all resolved.

References:

1. NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. Hodgkin lymphoma, version 2.2020. Accessed August 26, 2020. http://bit.ly/2YAIYha

2. Connors JM, Jurczak W, Straus DJ, et al. Brentuximab vedotin with chemotherapy for stage III or IV Hodgkins lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(4):331-344. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1708984

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Ghosh Addresses Brentuximab Vedotin Use in Advanced Hodgkin Lymphoma - Targeted Oncology

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

The comprehensive research report on theCRISPR and Cas Genes Marketinfluences iterative and comprehensive research methodology to offer insights into the existing market scenario over the forecast timeframe. The report also delivers in-depth details about the growth and development trends that will have a major impact on the behavior of the CRISPR and Cas Genes market in the approaching years. Furthermore, the report touches upon other key pointers such as the regional aspects and policies overriding the industry. The report suggests that the global CRISPR and Cas Genes market Demand is expected to witness a considerable CAGR growth of % during the forecast period and surpass the value of ~US$ by 2026.

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Demand Predicted for CRISPR and Cas Genes Market, COVID-19 Pandemic puts Existing Projections in Jeopardy Fact.MR Report - The Cloud Tribune

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith