From Harper's BAZAAR

Like most of us, Im doing my best to stay healthy right now. Im social distancing and washing my hands almost obsessively. Im trying to eat as many vegetables as possible to ensure I'm getting health-supporting nutrients that I'm not exactly taking in via all the stress baking.

Its also not surprising that Ive been bombarded with news over the past few months about how to bolster my immune system. I cant scroll through my Instagram feed without seeing some influencer bragging about an immune-boosting smoothie or a supplement company promoting pills with elderberry and citrus.

Let's take a step back though. Immunity has a PR problem right now. The whole idea that you can power up your immunity in some quick-fix way overnight (and, you know, avoid a cold or flu...or Covid-19) isn't actually how it works.

Think of immunity like in American football terms: if youre the star quarterback of your life, your immune system is like that super-jacked lineman whose number-one job is to protect you from all directions. And, separately (but still in that sports realm!), just like how strategic leadership can whip a team into shape, you can train your system to more efficiently pick off any opponentbug, virus, germthat comes your way. But that conditioning takes time and dedication.

So, taking a last-minute, reactionary approach to immunity is the opposite of how you should think about it, says Nicole Avena, PhD, visiting professor of health psychology at Princeton University. Immunity is a marathon, not a sprint. Because of that, there isnt any fast and easy way to immediately amplify yours. Youve got to take an all-in, holistic approach if youre going keep your immune system in fighting form, says Avena.

Recalibrating your immunity for the long game comes down to the classic health habits you hear time and time again: sleep, stress reduction, and sweating it out. The key is doing all of these to at least some degree and not expecting one to be the ultimate cure-all. You wont make your immune system healthier in a week by pumping yourself with vitamins because someone close to you is sick, says E. John Wherry, PhD, director of the Institute for Immunology at the University of Pennsylvania. But you absolutely can help your immunity by making certain lifestyle changes.

Photo credit: Akira Kawahata

Nail Your Sleep Routine

Sleepspecifically getting at least seven hours most nightsmight be the Most Important Thing. The best data we have about how to improve immunity is on getting the right amount of good sleep, says Wherry. People who got six hours of shut-eye a night or less for one week were about four times more likely to catch a cold when exposed to a virus compared to those who got more than seven hours, according to a study published in the journal Sleep. (The risk of getting sick was even higher for those who snoozed less than five hours a night.)

Everything you do when youre awakeeating, digesting, working, walking, exercisingprompts your body to release inflammatory cells, says Rita Kachru, MD, section chief of the clinical immunology and allergy division and assistant professor at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA. Sleep gives your body a break from all of that. Dont get hung up on one crappy night of Zs (or give yourself too much praise for one amazing one, for that matter); focusing on long-term, consistent good sleep habits is the way to go. Your building blocks, right here.

Story continues

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Mara de la Paz Fernndez, PhD, a sleep researcher and assistant professor of neuroscience and behavior at Barnard College of Columbia University

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Mariana Figueiro, PhD, director of the Lighting Research Center and a professor of architecture at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

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Mikka Knapp, a registered dietitian-nutritionist

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Rebecca Robbins, PhD, a sleep researcher and co-author of Sleep for Success!

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Megan Roche, MD, epidemiology researcher and Strava running coach

Photo credit: Akira Kawahata

Its well established that stress prompts the release of cortisol, that fight-or-flight hormone that enables you to run for your life. When cortisol is high, your immune system isnt as active, says Daniel M. Davis, PhD, professor of immunology at the University of Manchester in England; your body sends all of its resources to the thing it thinks is most likely to kill you, and away from other stuff, like your protective network.

Dont stress? Ill just give up now, youre thinking. Stay calm and try this: instead of attempting to eliminate negativity, refine the way you cope (with the genius advice ahead!)which will make the blues more manageable and mitigate that cortisol response, Davis says.

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Joy Lere, a psychologist

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Kevin Gilliland, PsyD, a clinical psychologist and executive director of Innovation360

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Patricia Celan, MD, a psychiatry resident at Dalhousie University in Canada

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Beatrice Tauber Prior, PsyD, a clinical psychologist

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Working out creates inflammation in the body, but its the good kind, says Wherry. Its a little counterintuitive, because exercise actually disrupts your bodys homeostasis, he says. But when your sweat session is finished, your bod goes back to its status quokeeping your immunity on its toes in that brilliant way, he says. Research backs this up: people who exercise regularly develop more T cells (those destroyer white blood cells) than their sedentary peers, a recent study found. It also helps modulate the stress hormone cortisol, which, when raised, leads to inflammatory activity.

Some experts agree that overtraining (you know, that feeling when youve been pushing yourself too hard and youre feeling it) can hinder immunity. So if youre an everyday athlete, moderate exercise on a consistent basis is the end zone to aim for.

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Jennifer Haythe, MD, a critical care cardiologist at Columbia University Medical Center

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Lisa Ballehr, DO, an osteopathic physician and Institute for Functional Medicine certified practitioner

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Ian Braithwaite, MD, an emergency physician at The Royal London Hospital

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Kym Niles, certified personal trainer

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Kristen Gasnick, board-certified physical therapist

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Jenn Randazzo, registered dietitian

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Excerpt from:
15 health habits experts use to boost their own immunity - Yahoo Lifestyle UK

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Image Source: Courtesy of Molly Burke

Molly Burke's YouTube channel is full of fun videos about fashion, beauty, and everyday life. Burke, who has amassed over two million subscribers on the platform and hundreds of thousands of followers on Instagram and TikTok, respectively, also posts informational footage about her blindness some address misconceptions and others discuss steps to making the world more accessible for those who are disabled.

Burke was legally blind from birth but lost the majority of her sight at age 14 due to retinitis pigmentosa, the breakdown of cells in the retina. She was diagnosed with situational depression, short-term depression resulting from a traumatic life event, which differs from clinical depression, after losing her vision. "My situational depression was triggered by my vision loss and the bullying that I was experiencing because of that," Burke told POPSUGAR. "And it led to me dealing with suicidal ideation." Burke attended five different schools growing up in Canada in the hopes of getting the best education for herself as a blind student and to escape that bullying.

"The bullying was a constant throughout my life, but once bullying was coupled with my vision loss, it just all became too much," Burke recalled. Being 14 is an overwhelming time for most newly minted teenagers as it is. "You're getting ready to transition to high school, and you're going through a lot of self-discovery, figuring out your own sense of style, starting to date, having puberty and hormone changes," she said. "So to then also be going blind was very difficult for me."

The journey to recover from her situational depression was exactly that: a journey "with ups and downs," as Burke described it. Working on all facets of health "mind, body, soul" was key. She found spirituality and started seeing a nutritionist "to fuel my body with foods that really built me up and made me strong." She also turned to fitness and yoga, specifically, and she went to therapy, her "safe space," to seek guidance from a psychologist, which lasted until she was 21.

Burke's outlet for her depression a healthy, positive way to express her emotions was writing music, singing, and being in a band, leading her to connect with fellow musicians. "We were a good ol' angsty punk rock band," she added (we both laughed at that). She worked through her depression, too, by learning to embrace herself, "so really exploring my own self, my interests, my likes and dislikes and owning them instead of doing what you're supposed to do to fit in."

Burke was diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after an accident a few weeks following her 20th birthday where she almost broke her neck (she fell off a stage during a soundcheck for one of her speeches). "I was a full-time motivational speaker at the time, so the thing that I did every single day, all day, for a living suddenly became a source of trauma and fear for me," she said. To help heal from her PTSD, she specifically turned to talk therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy.

Also at 20 years old, Burke was diagnosed with generalized anxiety with OCD tendencies. For her anxiety in particular, she copes through breathing techniques and making sure she gets proper nutrition (when her anxiety is triggered, she often has trouble eating, she explained). She went on and off anxiety medication up until recently as well.

Through it all, finding purpose has been a big component for Burke in tending to her mental health. This purpose, to her, is to "educate, motivate, or inspire one person every day with my story." She wants to break barriers for people living with disabilities because, she said, "I realized that I cannot be angry at society's ignorance towards me if I'm not willing to do anything to actively educate society to stop it."

Burke began public speaking when she was little, and she currently speaks on topics such as accessibility, bullying, and the social model of disability. This model of disability, which she learned at age 16 from a special-education teacher, differs from the medical model of disability that essentially tells those who are disabled that they are the problem. "The medical model of disability really puts a lot of the blame or the burden of guilt on the disabled person themselves, when really there's nothing we can do," she explained. "For many of us, it is incurable, and so to add a burden on top of an incurable condition, to feel like it is your fault, is very damaging." The social model says, instead, that it's society that is the problem.

Burke continued, "I think it's very hard to cultivate young, strong, disabled leaders if that's the mindset we build into them versus the social model that completely takes the burden, the guilt, the blame off of us as disabled people and says, 'You know what? It is us as a whole, as a society, that needs to improve and simply become accessible to all needs.'"

When it comes down to it, "the reality is waiting for a cure isn't living. Accepting who you are is living," Burke said. "You can accept who you are by walking away from the medical model and accepting the social model. It's just a far more empowering way to live."

If you are feeling anxious or depressed and need help finding help or resources, the Anxiety and Depression Association of America and the National Alliance on Mental Illness (1-800-950-6264) have resources available. Also, the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline has several resources and a 24/7 lifeline at 1-800-273-8255 (slated to change to 988 in the future).

Visit link:
YouTuber Molly Burke Became Depressed After Losing Her Eyesight Here's How She Coped - POPSUGAR

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Building up a tolerance to caffeine may cause you to reach for more over time.

Image Credit: LIVESTRONG.com Creative

These days, caffeine-infused products are everywhere. You can score a buzz from caffeinated chewing gum, water, popcorn, hot sauce, lip balm you name it.

Although the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) recommends limiting caffeine to 400 milligrams per day (that's four to five cups of coffee, FYI), consumption is on the rise. An April 2019 study in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine confirmed a significant uptick in energy drink intake, and the National Coffee Association reports that 62 percent of Americans have coffee every day, an increase of 5 percent since 2015.

Whether coffee is your lifeblood, you sip mugs of green tea all day long or you're prone to tossing back energy shots when you're working late-night, here's the scoop on whether it's a big deal to surpass the recommended max.

First, How Does Caffeine Affect the Body?

Caffeine is a stimulant that can either be naturally occurring (like in coffee beans or tea leaves) or synthetic (produced artificially and then added to foods and beverages, like energy drinks).

How Caffeine Perks You Up

"Caffeine affects adenosine, a neurochemical that mellows us out," says Jabraan Pasha, MD, physician of internal medicine at the University of Oklahoma College of Medicine. "It blocks the receptors that adenosine attaches to, so your body can't detect adenosine." By suppressing these sleep-inducing chemicals, we feel more awake.

"Keep in mind that people metabolize caffeine differently. One person can feel fine after drinking several cups of coffee, whereas someone else might feel jittery after just one cup."

"Caffeine also triggers your brain to release dopamine, a neurotransmitter that regulates pleasure and reward, and also has a role in alertness," says Nicole Avena, PhD, assistant professor of neuroscience at Mt. Sinai University and author of Why Diets Fail. "In addition to mental stimulation, caffeine slightly increases your heart rate and blood pressure, which is why you get a physical buzz from it."

According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, the effects of caffeine peak 30 to 60 minutes after consumption. And a December 2018 study in Risk Management and Healthcare Policy found that caffeine has a half-life of two to 10 hours, which means it takes your body up to 10 hours to digest half of the caffeine you've consumed.

"Keep in mind that people metabolize caffeine differently," Dr. Pasha says. "One person can feel fine after drinking several cups of coffee, whereas someone else might feel jittery after just one cup."

Healthy Benefits of Coffee and Tea

Most people get their daily caffeine from coffee and tea, and in moderation, these drinks are good for you. A November 2017 study in the BMJ confirmed that drinking coffee is linked to lower rates of heart disease, diabetes, stroke, kidney disease, liver disease, Parkinson's, dementia and cancer.

A December 2013 study in Current Pharmaceutical Design found that certain types of caffeinated tea are connected to lower rates of cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and arthritis. It may also benefit your brain. In a May 2019 study in Molecules, older adults who drank tea were determined to have better cognitive function than their peers.

Researchers surmise these health boosts are thanks to high levels of protective antioxidants in coffee and tea. "The caffeine itself doesn't cause these benefits," Avena says. "You get the same positive outcome whether you drink regular coffee or decaf."

What Happens If You Have Too Much Caffeine?

The short answer is that it depends on the amount, how quickly it is consumed and how sensitive you are to caffeine.

"It might make you feel agitated, jittery or light-headed, or make your heart pound," Dr. Pasha says. "Still, for the most part, caffeine from coffee and tea is relatively safe, even in doses slightly above the recommendation."

A severe caffeine overdose, which the FDA estimates might result from rapid ingestion of about 1,200 milligrams of caffeine (that's about five energy shots or 12 cups of coffee), can cause vomiting, diarrhea, disorientation, seizures or a coma.

Tally Up Your Caffeine Load

According to a January 2014 study in Food and Chemical Toxicology, 85 percent of the U.S. population has at least one caffeinated beverage a day, with a mean of 165 milligrams a day. Use this chart to figure out your total. (Keep in mind that most coffee cups and drink bottles contain more than 8 ounces of liquid for example, a Starbucks Venti is 20 ounces.)

1 oz energy shot

215 mg

8 oz brewed coffee

96 mg

1 oz espresso

64 mg

8 oz black tea

47 mg

8 oz energy drink

29 mg

1 oz dark chocolate

23 mg

8 oz green tea

28 mg

8 oz cola

22 mg

8 oz bottled iced tea

19 mg

Source: Mayo Clinic. "Caffeine Content for Coffee, Tea, Soda and More"

4 Times When You Need to Watch Your Caffeine Intake

If you have a bun in the oven, you've probably heard that you should take it easy with the caffeine. According to the American Pregnancy Association, caffeine can raise your blood pressure and heart rate, lead to dehydration and disrupt sleep patterns for you and baby all of which are not recommended during pregnancy.

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists deems less than 200 milligrams per day (two cups of coffee) to be safe during pregnancy, but some studies, including an August 2020 review in the BMJ, have linked caffeine during pregnancy to miscarriage, stillbirth, low birth weight, leukemia and childhood obesity.

2. You Have a Heart Condition

"If you have a condition that results in heart palpitations, such as cardiac arrhythmia, you may want to cut back on caffeine," Dr. Pasha says.

3. You Have Insomnia or Other Sleep Problems

"Some people are really sensitive to caffeine, and it can stick around in your body for eight hours or more," Dr. Pasha says, which can disrupt sleep.

Plus, if you're sleeping poorly at night, you might need more coffee or tea to feel awake in the morning and before you know it, your caffeine intake can snowball.

Finally, if you're taking an iron supplement, steer clear of caffeine an hour before and after popping your pill. "Caffeine blocks iron absorption," Dr. Pasha says.

Caffeine Dependence Is Real

If you've noticed your coffee or tea intake creeping up, then you may have built up a tolerance.

"When caffeine blocks your adenosine receptors, your body responds by creating more receptors to compensate," Dr. Pasha says. "As a result, you require more caffeine in order to feel alert." Now, you're sipping three or four cups when you used to have just two.

Not only do you start drinking more, but you feel crappy if you don't get your caffeine fix. "You might get a headache and feel sluggish or irritable," Avena says.

Luckily, it's reversible. "If you slowly cut back your caffeine intake over the course of a week or so, your body will reduce the number of adenosine receptors," Dr. Pasha says. It's like starting with a clean slate again.

"If you have a super busy period and drink more than the recommended amount of coffee for a couple of days, it is not the end of the world."

Want to Cut Back? Heres How

Try these five ideas to reduce your caffeine intake without feeling blah.

Vitamin B12 deficiency is common, affecting up to 15 percent of the population, according to the National Institutes of Health, and it can lead to fatigue. "If you are relying on caffeine to get yourself going, you might be deficient in B12," Avena says.

Because B12 is present in animal products (like fish, meat, poultry, eggs and dairy), vegans and vegetarians are at risk for deficiency. Same goes for older adults, who may not absorb B12 as easily.

"Eating foods rich in vitamin B12 or taking a supplement can make you feel like you have your energy back," Avena says. (She recommends Frunutta Dynamo B12 Blaze, a sublingual supplement that contains a small amount of caffeine along with B12.) With more pep in your step, you might not reach for the coffee pot as frequently.

B12 is a water-soluble vitamin, which means it's unlikely you'll overdose on it. Still, talk to your doctor before adding a supplement to your diet, to make sure it's right for you.

"Coffee drinking is very ritualistic we become psychologically hooked on having it at a certain time and place," Avena says. "Look at how you can you alter your routine to disrupt the connection to your caffeine habit."

For example, if you always have a mug of coffee first thing every morning, instead drink a big glass of water right when you wake up and delay that initial cup of joe until after breakfast. If you like the feeling of having a warm beverage in hand when you sit at your computer, try switching to decaf or herbal tea.

Make sure you're getting the recommended seven to nine hours of sleep. "When you feel rested, you may find that you need less caffeine," Dr. Pasha says.

"Exercising gives you a surge of endorphins and dopamine that will help you feel energized and can take the place of a caffeine rush," Dr. Pasha says.

Sunlight suppresses melatonin, a natural hormone that makes you feel sleepy. If you open all the shades when you wake up in the morning or take a walk around the block, your coffee cravings might not be as strong.

Even with moderate caffeine consumption, it's smart to follow these guidelines.

1. Skip Energy Drinks and Shots

Super high levels of caffeine in some energy-boosting beverages can cause your mood to yo-yo. You may have supercharged focus and pep at first, and then crash later.

"When you are hit with a bolus of caffeine, it raises your heart rate and increases your blood pressure, making your body work overtime," Avena says. "Instead, nurse a cup coffee; you will have a steady, lower dose of caffeine and won't experience those up and downs."

What's more: "Energy drinks tend to have a lot of added sugar to mask the chemical taste of synthetic caffeine," Avena says. According to the Harvard School of Public Health, a typical energy drink contains around 40 grams of sugar, as much as a can of soda. That blast of sweetness is not great for your body.

2. Avoid Caffeine After Lunch

A November 2013 study in the Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine found that consuming 400 milligrams of caffeine six hours before bed reduced total sleep by more than one hour. Have your most highly caffeinated beverage early in the day, and then taper off.

3. Don't Forget Sneaky Sources of Caffeine

An ounce of dark chocolate (70 to 85 percent cocoa) has about 23 milligrams of caffeine, while coffee ice cream can have anywhere from 5 to 45 milligrams per serving. Some medications also contain caffeine (for example, the headache medicine Excedrin has 65 milligrams of caffeine per tablet). Remember to count these sources toward your daily intake, and hold off on them in the late afternoon and evening to avoid interfering with sleep.

So, How Bad Is It Really to Have More Than the Daily Recommended Amount of Caffeine?

As long as you stick to coffee or tea (rather than sugary, additive-laden energy drinks), aren't experiencing any negative side effects and aren't pregnant, it's not that bad.

"As a physician, I wouldn't recommend it," Dr. Pasha says, "But at the end of the day, is it dangerous? No."

Also consider whether you are regularly going overboard or if it's an occasional thing.

"If you have a super busy period and drink more than the recommended amount of coffee for a couple of days, it is not the end of the world," Avena says. "On the other hand, if you are drinking too much every day, you might want to cut back. Honestly, though, there are worse things you could be overdoing it on!"

Continued here:
The Effects of Too Much Caffeine on the Body - LIVESTRONG.COM

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Dive Brief:

Gene therapies have graduated from the laboratory bench to doctor's offices. The first wave of agents, Roche's Luxturna and Novartis' Zolgensma, are already altering the course of disease in two conditions, respectively an inherited form of blindness and the degenerative, often fatal disease spinal muscular atrophy.

In both cases those treatments were developed by companies that had relatively smaller pipelines, Spark Therapeutics for Luxturna and AveXis for Zolgensma.

Enter Taysha, which is headed by a former AveXis business development vice president, R.A. Session II. The company has highly ambitious hopes to launch a new product every two to three years, with the goal of building a durable business around adapting its technology across many diseases driven by defects in single genes.

The company also plans to build a commercial-scale manufacturing plant from the start, aiming to avoid some of the setbacks that can occur when production moves from facilities built to supply clinical trials.

The linchpin of the company's business is an agreement with UT-Southwestern, under which Taysha funds research and can obtain exclusive rights to experimental therapies for central nervous system disorders, through the end of 2021. Neurodegenerative disorders have proven challenging for some gene therapies because of the difficulties in delivering the viral vectors that carry gene replacements to brain tissue.

In spinning out Taysha, UT-Southwestern took an ownership stake in Taysha, amounting to 2.2 million shares, which is now worth more than $40 million. These ownership stakes have become more common with gene therapies in particular, as big pharma companies have been reluctant to license intellectual property straight out of university laboratories.

Taysha's lead project is called TSHA-101, which seeks to treat a condition called GM2 gangliosidosis, a disorder in which lipid accumulation destroys nerves in the brain and spinal cord. The first clinical trial is scheduled to begin in Canada by the end of 2020.

The company's shares rose following their first trades on the NASDAQ exchange, gaining 20% to close the day at $24.06.

Editor's note: This story was updated to reflect the share price at the close of trading.

Continue reading here:
Gene therapy company Taysha completes sprint from first funding to IPO - BioPharma Dive

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

This article was originally published on Hoban Law Group, and appears here with permission.

During the last ten years, my career has focused on cannabis formulation patents. As a patent attorney with three decades of experience, I am often asked what is the best cannabis formulation you have seen? My short answer is, There are many, and each is best. It just depends on what a person is looking to achieve.

My longer response typically comes in the form of a question: What do you want to achieve? I understand that one may wish to combat basil cell carcinoma, glioblastoma, dravet syndrome (i.e., childhood epilepsy), insomnia, manage pain, reduce inflammation, or stimulate the appetite. Women sometimes need relief on a monthly basis. My dog has lymphoma, one person exclaimed after the question was asked.

In 2010 I remembered hearing of the famous professor from the University of Colorado named Dr. Bob Melamede. While this molecular biologist and biochemist is famous for researching numerous aspects of Cannabis, I was enamored partly by his intellect and achievement and enamored fully by reports of his spry and energetic mode of operation. This was at a time when most should have already retired. How did he do it? Was the cannabis usage extending his life and making him spry and youthful?

My personal feeling is that life extension technology will soon be in vogue, and I believe that cannabis can play a role in conjunction with many life extension protocols. Yes, curing cancer does extend life in nominal terms, but I am talking about life extension as measured in telomere length as well as years. (a telomere is a region of repetitive nucleotide sequences at the end of a chromosome, which protects the chromosome from deterioration associated with aging.)

This question of using cannabis for life extension has continued to arise in my mind. Currently, I have no clear understanding of how this will work, but time has generated a stronger desire to expand my understanding.

One interesting molecule that a cannabis client has stumbled upon is carbon 60, or C60. This molecule is sometimes called a buckyball after a famous inventor named Richard Buckminster Fuller, who theorized its existence. A buckyball is a group of sixty carbon molecules formed in the shape of a soccer ball. In his writings, Buckminster Fuller had theorized that this molecule could have a favorable impact on peoples health.

In 1984 this molecule was generated by British Researchers. In 1996 the Noble Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Curl, Kroto, and Smally, who devised ways to use plasma passed through a high-density helium gas to impact carbon species and form clusters of C60.

Much is now written on the effects of C60on health and aging. C60is a powerful antioxidant that is shown to extend telomeres in studies of those that use it. A breakthrough study was performed in France that attempted to determine toxicity limits of the molecule in rats and which ended up doubling the subjects life spans. This was much to the chagrin of the study organizers who, according to legend, were expecting their contractual payment only upon completion of the study.

The interesting part of this molecule is that it works because of an electrical charge phenomenon. The C60molecule can attract electrons from a free radical having extra electrons and donate the electrons to free radical lacking electrons. This process renders inert many free radicals, without destroying the C60molecule, and then repeats. Thus, the process inhibits damage to chromosomes due to harmful interactions with the former free radicals that are now rendered inert.

Now let us add cannabis to the formulation. C60 is formulated as a lipofullerene for efficient delivery. This is similar to how cannabinoids are delivered in cannabis oil, or as a formulated liposomal product, for example. Mixing the two active ingredients yields a new formulation.

In sum, one could piggyback the efficient delivery of both molecules into the same formulation. This enables the life-extending qualities of the C60to intermingle with the health-promoting qualities of the cannabinoids. In any event, the C60formulation is a good first step for life-extending technologies.

I personally would enjoy hearing about the many more life extension technologies as they evolve and are presented for consumer use.

Read the original Article on Hoban Law Group

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Life Extension Technology And Cannabis Formulations - Benzinga

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Table of Contents

1 Study Coverage1.1 Withania Somnifera Extract Product Introduction1.2 Market Segments1.3 Key Withania Somnifera Extract Manufacturers Covered: Ranking by Revenue1.4 Market by Type1.4.1 Global Withania Somnifera Extract Market Size Growth Rate by Type1.4.2 Capsule1.4.3 Liquid1.5 Market by Application1.5.1 Global Withania Somnifera Extract Market Size Growth Rate by Application1.5.2 Health Products1.5.3 Drug1.6 Study Objectives1.7 Years Considered 2 Executive Summary2.1 Global Withania Somnifera Extract Market Size, Estimates and Forecasts2.1.1 Global Withania Somnifera Extract Revenue 2015-20262.1.2 Global Withania Somnifera Extract Sales 2015-20262.2 Global Withania Somnifera Extract, Market Size by Producing Regions: 2015 VS 2020 VS 20262.2.1 Global Withania Somnifera Extract Retrospective Market Scenario in Sales by Region: 2015-20202.2.2 Global Withania Somnifera Extract Retrospective Market Scenario in Revenue by Region: 2015-2020 3 Global Withania Somnifera Extract Competitor Landscape by Players3.1 Withania Somnifera Extract Sales by Manufacturers3.1.1 Withania Somnifera Extract Sales by Manufacturers (2015-2020)3.1.2 Withania Somnifera Extract Sales Market Share by Manufacturers (2015-2020)3.2 Withania Somnifera Extract Revenue by Manufacturers3.2.1 Withania Somnifera Extract Revenue by Manufacturers (2015-2020)3.2.2 Withania Somnifera Extract Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2015-2020)3.2.3 Global Withania Somnifera Extract Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI) (2015-2020)3.2.4 Global Top 10 and Top 5 Companies by Withania Somnifera Extract Revenue in 20193.2.5 Global Withania Somnifera Extract Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3)3.3 Withania Somnifera Extract Price by Manufacturers3.4 Withania Somnifera Extract Manufacturing Base Distribution, Product Types3.4.1 Withania Somnifera Extract Manufacturers Manufacturing Base Distribution, Headquarters3.4.2 Manufacturers Withania Somnifera Extract Product Type3.4.3 Date of International Manufacturers Enter into Withania Somnifera Extract Market3.5 Manufacturers Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans 4 Market Size by Type (2015-2026)4.1 Global Withania Somnifera Extract Market Size by Type (2015-2020)4.1.1 Global Withania Somnifera Extract Sales by Type (2015-2020)4.1.2 Global Withania Somnifera Extract Revenue by Type (2015-2020)4.1.3 Withania Somnifera Extract Average Selling Price (ASP) by Type (2015-2026)4.2 Global Withania Somnifera Extract Market Size Forecast by Type (2021-2026)4.2.1 Global Withania Somnifera Extract Sales Forecast by Type (2021-2026)4.2.2 Global Withania Somnifera Extract Revenue Forecast by Type (2021-2026)4.2.3 Withania Somnifera Extract Average Selling Price (ASP) Forecast by Type (2021-2026)4.3 Global Withania Somnifera Extract Market Share by Price Tier (2015-2020): Low-End, Mid-Range and High-End 5 Market Size by Application (2015-2026)5.1 Global Withania Somnifera Extract Market Size by Application (2015-2020)5.1.1 Global Withania Somnifera Extract Sales by Application (2015-2020)5.1.2 Global Withania Somnifera Extract Revenue by Application (2015-2020)5.1.3 Withania Somnifera Extract Price by Application (2015-2020)5.2 Withania Somnifera Extract Market Size Forecast by Application (2021-2026)5.2.1 Global Withania Somnifera Extract Sales Forecast by Application (2021-2026)5.2.2 Global Withania Somnifera Extract Revenue Forecast by Application (2021-2026)5.2.3 Global Withania Somnifera Extract Price Forecast by Application (2021-2026) 6 North America6.1 North America Withania Somnifera Extract by Country6.1.1 North America Withania Somnifera Extract Sales by Country6.1.2 North America Withania Somnifera Extract Revenue by Country6.1.3 U.S.6.1.4 Canada6.2 North America Withania Somnifera Extract Market Facts & Figures by Type6.3 North America Withania Somnifera Extract Market Facts & Figures by Application 7 Europe7.1 Europe Withania Somnifera Extract by Country7.1.1 Europe Withania Somnifera Extract Sales by Country7.1.2 Europe Withania Somnifera Extract Revenue by Country7.1.3 Germany7.1.4 France7.1.5 U.K.7.1.6 Italy7.1.7 Russia7.2 Europe Withania Somnifera Extract Market Facts & Figures by Type7.3 Europe Withania Somnifera Extract Market Facts & Figures by Application 8 Asia Pacific8.1 Asia Pacific Withania Somnifera Extract by Region8.1.1 Asia Pacific Withania Somnifera Extract Sales by Region8.1.2 Asia Pacific Withania Somnifera Extract Revenue by Region8.1.3 China8.1.4 Japan8.1.5 South Korea8.1.6 India8.1.7 Australia8.1.8 Taiwan8.1.9 Indonesia8.1.10 Thailand8.1.11 Malaysia8.1.12 Philippines8.1.13 Vietnam8.2 Asia Pacific Withania Somnifera Extract Market Facts & Figures by Type8.3 Asia Pacific Withania Somnifera Extract Market Facts & Figures by Application 9 Latin America9.1 Latin America Withania Somnifera Extract by Country9.1.1 Latin America Withania Somnifera Extract Sales by Country9.1.2 Latin America Withania Somnifera Extract Revenue by Country9.1.3 Mexico9.1.4 Brazil9.1.5 Argentina9.2 Central & South America Withania Somnifera Extract Market Facts & Figures by Type9.3 Central & South America Withania Somnifera Extract Market Facts & Figures by Application 10 Middle East and Africa10.1 Middle East and Africa Withania Somnifera Extract by Country10.1.1 Middle East and Africa Withania Somnifera Extract Sales by Country10.1.2 Middle East and Africa Withania Somnifera Extract Revenue by Country10.1.3 Turkey10.1.4 Saudi Arabia10.1.5 U.A.E10.2 Middle East and Africa Withania Somnifera Extract Market Facts & Figures by Type10.3 Middle East and Africa Withania Somnifera Extract Market Facts & Figures by Application 11 Company Profiles11.1 Life Extension11.1.1 Life Extension Corporation Information11.1.2 Life Extension Description and Business Overview11.1.3 Life Extension Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)11.1.4 Life Extension Withania Somnifera Extract Products Offered11.1.5 Life Extension Related Developments11.2 Taos Herb Company11.2.1 Taos Herb Company Corporation Information11.2.2 Taos Herb Company Description and Business Overview11.2.3 Taos Herb Company Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)11.2.4 Taos Herb Company Withania Somnifera Extract Products Offered11.2.5 Taos Herb Company Related Developments11.3 General Nutrition Centers11.3.1 General Nutrition Centers Corporation Information11.3.2 General Nutrition Centers Description and Business Overview11.3.3 General Nutrition Centers Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)11.3.4 General Nutrition Centers Withania Somnifera Extract Products Offered11.3.5 General Nutrition Centers Related Developments11.4 Jarrow Formulas11.4.1 Jarrow Formulas Corporation Information11.4.2 Jarrow Formulas Description and Business Overview11.4.3 Jarrow Formulas Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)11.4.4 Jarrow Formulas Withania Somnifera Extract Products Offered11.4.5 Jarrow Formulas Related Developments11.5 Huge Mountain11.5.1 Huge Mountain Corporation Information11.5.2 Huge Mountain Description and Business Overview11.5.3 Huge Mountain Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)11.5.4 Huge Mountain Withania Somnifera Extract Products Offered11.5.5 Huge Mountain Related Developments11.6 Organic India11.6.1 Organic India Corporation Information11.6.2 Organic India Description and Business Overview11.6.3 Organic India Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)11.6.4 Organic India Withania Somnifera Extract Products Offered11.6.5 Organic India Related Developments11.7 The Vitamin Shoppe11.7.1 The Vitamin Shoppe Corporation Information11.7.2 The Vitamin Shoppe Description and Business Overview11.7.3 The Vitamin Shoppe Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)11.7.4 The Vitamin Shoppe Withania Somnifera Extract Products Offered11.7.5 The Vitamin Shoppe Related Developments11.8 NOW Foods11.8.1 NOW Foods Corporation Information11.8.2 NOW Foods Description and Business Overview11.8.3 NOW Foods Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)11.8.4 NOW Foods Withania Somnifera Extract Products Offered11.8.5 NOW Foods Related Developments11.9 Solgar11.9.1 Solgar Corporation Information11.9.2 Solgar Description and Business Overview11.9.3 Solgar Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)11.9.4 Solgar Withania Somnifera Extract Products Offered11.9.5 Solgar Related Developments11.10 Piping Rock11.10.1 Piping Rock Corporation Information11.10.2 Piping Rock Description and Business Overview11.10.3 Piping Rock Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)11.10.4 Piping Rock Withania Somnifera Extract Products Offered11.10.5 Piping Rock Related Developments11.1 Life Extension11.1.1 Life Extension Corporation Information11.1.2 Life Extension Description and Business Overview11.1.3 Life Extension Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)11.1.4 Life Extension Withania Somnifera Extract Products Offered11.1.5 Life Extension Related Developments 12 Future Forecast by Regions (Countries) (2021-2026)12.1 Withania Somnifera Extract Market Estimates and Projections by Region12.1.1 Global Withania Somnifera Extract Sales Forecast by Regions 2021-202612.1.2 Global Withania Somnifera Extract Revenue Forecast by Regions 2021-202612.2 North America Withania Somnifera Extract Market Size Forecast (2021-2026)12.2.1 North America: Withania Somnifera Extract Sales Forecast (2021-2026)12.2.2 North America: Withania Somnifera Extract Revenue Forecast (2021-2026)12.2.3 North America: Withania Somnifera Extract Market Size Forecast by Country (2021-2026)12.3 Europe Withania Somnifera Extract Market Size Forecast (2021-2026)12.3.1 Europe: Withania Somnifera Extract Sales Forecast (2021-2026)12.3.2 Europe: Withania Somnifera Extract Revenue Forecast (2021-2026)12.3.3 Europe: Withania Somnifera Extract Market Size Forecast by Country (2021-2026)12.4 Asia Pacific Withania Somnifera Extract Market Size Forecast (2021-2026)12.4.1 Asia Pacific: Withania Somnifera Extract Sales Forecast (2021-2026)12.4.2 Asia Pacific: Withania Somnifera Extract Revenue Forecast (2021-2026)12.4.3 Asia Pacific: Withania Somnifera Extract Market Size Forecast by Region (2021-2026)12.5 Latin America Withania Somnifera Extract Market Size Forecast (2021-2026)12.5.1 Latin America: Withania Somnifera Extract Sales Forecast (2021-2026)12.5.2 Latin America: Withania Somnifera Extract Revenue Forecast (2021-2026)12.5.3 Latin America: Withania Somnifera Extract Market Size Forecast by Country (2021-2026)12.6 Middle East and Africa Withania Somnifera Extract Market Size Forecast (2021-2026)12.6.1 Middle East and Africa: Withania Somnifera Extract Sales Forecast (2021-2026)12.6.2 Middle East and Africa: Withania Somnifera Extract Revenue Forecast (2021-2026)12.6.3 Middle East and Africa: Withania Somnifera Extract Market Size Forecast by Country (2021-2026) 13 Market Opportunities, Challenges, Risks and Influences Factors Analysis13.1 Market Opportunities and Drivers13.2 Market Challenges13.3 Market Risks/Restraints13.4 Porters Five Forces Analysis13.5 Primary Interviews with Key Withania Somnifera Extract Players (Opinion Leaders) 14 Value Chain and Sales Channels Analysis14.1 Value Chain Analysis14.2 Withania Somnifera Extract Customers14.3 Sales Channels Analysis14.3.1 Sales Channels14.3.2 Distributors 15 Research Findings and Conclusion 16 Appendix16.1 Research Methodology16.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach16.1.2 Data Source16.2 Author Details16.3 Disclaimer

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Withania Somnifera Extract Market is Thriving Worldwide with Top Companies like: Taos Herb Company, General Nutrition Centers, Jarrow Formulas, Huge...

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Highlights

Average reactor age hits 30.7 years

Capacity down 2.2% but 2019 output up

US lifetime extension 'reliant on support'

London Some 105 GW of nuclear capacity would need to start up this decade to maintain the technology's end-2019 market position, according to Mycle Schneider Consulting's World Nuclear Industry Status Report 2020.

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This implied the need to more than double the annual build rate of the past decade at a time when construction starts are in decline, the report, published Sept. 24, said.

"The required number of new units might be even higher because many reactors are being shut down long before their licenses are terminated," the report said. "The mean age at closure of the 17 units taken off the grids between 2015 and 2019 was 42.4 years."

The average age of the world's operating reactor fleet has continued to rise, reaching 30.7 years in July.

"A total of 270 reactors, two-thirds of the world's operating fleet, have operated for 31 or more years, including 81 (20% of the total) that have operated for 41 years or more," the report said.

While global operating nuclear capacity declined 2.2% from one year earlier to reach 362 GW as of mid-2020, nuclear production was up in 2019.

Global nuclear output reached 2,657 TWh in 2019, a 3.7% increase over the previous year and only 3 TWh below nuclear's historic peak in 2006.

Half of 2019's increase was due to China's nuclear output increasing by over 19%. Five nuclear generating countries (the US, France, China, Russia and South Korea) generated 70% of all nuclear electricity in the world in 2019.

Two countries, the US and France, accounted for 45% of 2019 global nuclear production, two percentage points lower than in the previous year as France's output shrank by 3.5%, it said.

Nuclear energy's share in the global generation mix edged up 0.2 percentage point to 10.35% in 2019. It peaked at 17.5% in 1996.

"Nuclear power plants are usefully producing a little less than one third of global low-carbon-emission electric power," a foreword to the report by US academic Frank von Hippel and South Korean nuclear official Jungmin Kang said.

"Increasingly, therefore, the issue is not one of nuclear new-builds but nuclear life extension. Even there, however, nuclear is struggling."

In the US, 30-year-old plants whose capital costs had been paid off could not compete economically with new renewable power plants, it said.

The operating costs of nuclear plants were high in part because 100-200 workers and guards were required on site per reactor at all times in case of accident or terrorist attack.

"Subsidies justified by their low carbon emissions have become critical to the continued operation of many US nuclear power plants," it said.

See more here:
Global nuclear needs 105 GW of additions to 2030 to stand still: report - S&P Global

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Weblogs

Blog post | 23-09-2020 | Consulate General in Toronto, Fleur Horbach

At first glance, procurement may look like an unexciting topic. However, in the larger context of driving and achieving the circular economy, procurement becomes a hot topic that cannot be ignored.The second episode of the webinar series Making the Circular Economy Real focused on steps organizations can take to develop circular procurement, based on best practices from The Netherlands and Canada.

Moderated by Paul van der Werf, Senior Consultant at AET Group, the webinar started with remarks from Jorn Leeksma, Deputy Head of Mission at the Consulate General of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in Toronto, who stressed the important role the Netherlands, being a front runner in the circular economy, plays in promoting Dutch circular solutions for global challenges. Circular procurement is a pivotal part of the Take Make Use Reuse circular cycle and powers the circular economy. Leeksma said: Only together we can turn todays environmental and social challenges into tomorrows economic opportunities and job creation.

Next up was Cuno Van Geet, Strategic Advisor Circular Procurement atRijkswaterstaatin the Netherlands. Rijkswaterstaat is the executive agency of the Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management, dedicated to promoting safety, mobility, and quality of life in The Netherlands. Van Geet explained how Rijkswaterstaat started circular procurement using a bottom-up approach, first through action, learning through the process and formulating a policy through the experience. This showed that the process is not always linear, and that practice-based learning is important to be able to develop effective circular procurement strategies.

While the traditional focus of procurement is on buying green products and re-using them, we need a different mindset to take a circular approach. There needs to be more emphasis on the value chain, including the waste stream, which could lead to sell, refurbish and remanufacturing service models. It is not only about saving the environment, but also about saving money.

Van Geet gave many examples of direct implementation of circular economy principles. Alliander, a Dutch energy company, built an office in Duiven in the Netherlands, of which more than 80 per cent of the materials have been re-used. The building is energy positive, thus giving energy to the grid. Another example is the first circular bridge in the Netherlands, constructed by Rijkswaterstaat, of which all the joints are detachable and reusable.

The next speaker, Jo-Anne St. Godard, is the Executive Director at theRecycling Council Ontario (RCO). RCO is transitioning into the Circular Innovation Council, offering new possibilities to accommodate circular principles, not just limiting to the Reduce, Reuse, Recycle philosophy of the past. The focus of the Circular Innovation Council is to advance the circular economy from an environmental, social, and economic perspective, thus encompassing the Triple Bottom Line in their approach to circularity.

St. Godard mentioned that one of the first questions she usually gets from anyone interested in learning about circular procurement is the difference between sustainable and circular procurement. Sustainable procurement is a tool for the linear economy, whereas circular procurement involves a systems change. It aims to keep products, components and materials at their highest utility and value throughout its lifecycle. Its about buying things different, using them differently, elongating their life and value, and bringing that value back to the value chain.

Jo-Anne talked about the Sustainable Development Goals being guiding principles when working on circular procurement. Circular procurement directly contributes to the Triple Bottom Line of social, environmental, and economic objectives. Buying power can be used to drive circular economy outcomes directly. She also talked about circular procurement being a key driver of innovation to improve resilience, something that is of prime importance in the current COVID-19 situation.

Jo-Anne mentioned the five business models of circularity in use: circular suppliers, resource recovery, product life extension, sharing platforms and products as service.

According to Jo-Anne, the opportunities in Canada in circular public procurement are huge, amounting to almost 15 per cent of Canadas GDP. Early adopters of circular procurement have been the City of Vancouver, City of Richmond, Region of Peel, City of Toronto and City of Montreal. She also noted that while Circular Innovation Council used to work heavily with the government of Canada, that is now extending with the private sector.

-With files from KartikMoorthy

To watch the full recording of the secondwebinar, please click here.

The webinar Procurement and Circular Economy is part of the series Making the Circular Economy Real, organized by the Consulate General of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in Toronto and Canada Circular Hotspot. Key objectives of the webinar series are increasing participants knowledge, expanding networks, showing the circular economy in real world action and inspiring the development of new circular economy projects in Ontario and across Canada.

Our next webinar on "Green Health Care" is scheduled on October 8, 2020.

See the article here:
Circular procurement: Just start doing it | Weblogs - The Netherlands and You

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

In early June, the RCAF regained possession of a CC-138 Twin Otter that, 15 months earlier, had suffered severe damage to its nose and tail during a difficult landing on the ice of the Beaufort Sea.

A workhorse of the north, the Viking Air DHC-6 was built to withstand much that the harsh Arctic could throw at it. But this aircrafts return to service is a tale of ingenuity and a testament to the recovery and salvage capability of the Air Force and its partnership with Canadian industry.

The aircraft, 803, was one of two Twin Otters from 440 Transport Squadron in Yellowknife participating in Operation Nanook 2019, an annual Canadian Armed Forces interoperability exercise with allies and civilian agencies held across the Arctic.

The crew was on a scouting mission near Pelly Island on that afternoon of March 10, 2019, carrying three defence scientists looking for landing spots on the unprepared sea ice to conduct research later in the exercise.

They had landed without incident near Tuktoyaktuk earlier in the day and were attempting to set down on a smooth area of ice when the aircraft bounced into the air after contacting a drift perpendicular to the aircrafts heading [and] impacted the base of a larger drift, according to the flight safety investigation report, collapsing the nose landing gear.

One hundred and sixty kilometres away in Inuvik, Maj Andrew Oakes, commander of the second Twin Otter, had just settled into his hotel room when the phone rang. I thought to myself, this is not good. There is only one person I know with a sat phone at the moment who could be calling my cell phone.

The news was mixed: There were no injuries but there was no way the crew was flying the aircraft off the ice.

Armed with their location, Oakes and a crew immediately took off in the second CC-138 to see if we could land and pick them up. When he arrived overhead an hour and a half later, the damaged Twin Otter was sitting low in the ice and the nose, buried in the snow, appeared to be sheered off. With the low angle of the sun, the undulations of snowdrifts were now visible across the ice. He quickly reconsidered attempting a landing.

Landing on ice requires a deft touch. Because of its varied operations, the CC-138 has a landing assembly that includes both tires and skis, a heavier and less flexible construction than just the skis. The aircraft must set down at the exact spot you want to land and then slow as rapidly as possible, using reverse thrust and some elevator control. It is tricky. It is easily the most challenging thing that is done in a Twin Otter, said Oakes.

While the stranded crew had prepared a snow camp for the night, a civilian search and rescue helicopter, dispatched from Inuvik shortly after the accident, soon arrived on scene and transported them back to the town.

An instructor on the Twin Otter, Oakes had been seconded to the exercise as an aircraft commander from his job as a staff officer for air mobility readiness at 1 Canadian Air Division (1 CAD) in Winnipeg, Man. He soon found himself tasked with commanding Operation Recovery, an air task force quickly assembled to salvage the aircraft.

The RCAF has over many years developed considerable specialized recovery and salvage capability. And in 2012, a CC-138 with a sheared nose landing gear strut was lifted from dry tundra southwest of Inuvik in much warmer conditions. More recently, in -20 C temperatures of January 2019, the RCAF employed a CH-147F Chinook to lift and sling a CH-146 Griffon belonging to 417 Combat Support Squadron some 50 miles from the Cold Lake Air Weapons Range after the helicopters main rotor blade struck a communication tower. MGen Christian Drouin, commander of 1 CAD at the time, observed: We now have this recovery capability because of the professionalism and ingenuity of the personnel involved.

The preferred and most cost-effective option would have been to fly in technicians from 440 Squadron and the salvage and recovery team based at 8 Wing Trenton, Ont., to repair the aircraft on the ice and fly out. It would have been very good exposure for the technicians, because it is not something they would do normally. They have equipment and some training on how to extract an aircraft from [unusual] sites, said Oakes.

However, daytime temperatures were already reaching -5 C and forecasted to rise to zero, so conditions to land and take off from ice on skis were no longer ideal. When you are warmer than minus 10, landing and takeoff distances will start increasing exponentially.

He also weighed a second option of calling in a Chinook from 450 Tactical Helicopter Squadron in Petawawa, Ont., to lift and transport the Twin Otter back to Inuvik. But nighttime temperatures were still going down quite a bit and there was a chance the aircraft would freeze in . That would be a worst-case scenario where no one is getting the aircraft off the ice, period.

In the end, the discussion among the crews and with 1 CAD was pretty short, Oakes recalled. In coordination with the Combined Aerospace Operations Centre in Winnipeg, a plan was soon in place to lift and sling the aircraft with contracted support from Momentum Decisive Solutions.

By March 16, a CC-177 Globemaster III carrying two Griffon helicopters and various technicians from 440 Squadron and the salvage team arrived in Inuvik. Under the watchful eye of a Canadian Ranger patrol from Tuktoyaktuk that arrived by snowmobile and set up predator defence from polar bears that had been spotted in the area, the technicians began to lighten the CC-138 for airlift. They removed the nose gear, fuel and non-essential parts, and then strapped wooden blocks to the top of the wings to sling the load. They also attached a drogue parachute to help stabilize the flight.

On March 24, Oakes watched from one of the Griffons as a Sikorsky S-61R, a derivative of the S-61/SH Sea King, operated by VIH Aviation Group of British Columbia, lifted the 7,800-pound CC-138 and, steadied by the chute, began the 160-kilometre flight to the Inuvik airport. To manage the distance, VIH had prepositioned a fuel cache on the ice about midway from Inuvik. Even without its own power, the Twin Otter still wanted to fly, Oakes observed. It was pretty spectacular to watch.

Bringing the Twin Otter back to life was no small task. KF Aerospace, formerly Kelowna Flightcraft, is the prime contractor for a CC-138 life extension project as well as regular in-service support. Within days of the incident, the company was contacted and dispatched aircraft maintenance engineers to Inuvik to guide the removal of the wings. Back in Kelowna, they then built special fittings to anchor the aircraft in the cargo hold of a CC-177.

When the damaged Twin Otter arrived at their facility on June 14, special jigs and a donor nose were already in place. This isnt the first time weve had to fix the nose section of a Twin Otter, so we had some good jig structures and we were able to reuse them, explained Gregg Evjen, vice-president of maintenance and engineering.

KF Aerospace frequently performs heavy structural modifications, including freighter and tanker conversions, so the tricky modifications to the CC-138 were well within our wheel house, said Evjen. Still, the company had to fabricate some parts to connect the new nose and repair the landing gear and tail section.

With the aircraft already stripped bare, the company took advantage of the situation to conduct a full periodic inspection and maintenance program and complete the life-extension package, including re-winging the airframe. It looks like a brand-new airplane, he said.

KF Aerospace has taken on some challenging jobs in the past, including an upgrade program for the Bolivian Air Force T-33 jet that involved taking apart and crating aircraft, flying them to Canada for the modifications, test flying them, and then re-crating and returning them to Bolivia to be assembled. Resuscitating a Twin Otter was hardly new. But the fact that it was up North and had to be brought off the ice pack, and we had to mount it in a C-17 and manufacture special fittings so we could strap it down properly that was unique, said Evjen.

Though the military strives to be self-sufficient and will build capacity to overcome most obstacles, Operation Recovery was a textbook example of the collaborative role civilian partners can play.

To Oakes surprise, it was also a remarkable instance of how quickly the chain of command can make decisions when time is of the essence.

I was really impressed with the speed that this came together, and with the level of co-ordination and teamwork, he said. It was a great example of how we can get things done. It did help working with the civilian contractor. They were experts. They knew exactly what to do and they had the equipment.

Read the original post:
Operation recovery: Airlifting a CC-138 off the Arctic ice - Skies Mag - Skies Magazine

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

A recently published report describes the case of an 88-year-old female patient who experienced drug-induced syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) due to the combination of naproxen and citalopram and highlights the importance of performing medication reconciliation to prevent adverse drug events.

The patient, who had a history of asymptomatic chronic hyponatremia, presented to the emergency department (ED) complaining of generalized body ache. She additionally stated that she had been experiencing nausea, decreased appetite, and malaise the 4 days prior to her presentation.

Her medical history included hypertension, depression, and osteoarthritis for which she was prescribed amlodipine 10mg daily, losartan 50mg daily, citalopram 20mg daily, and naproxen 250mg every 8 hours as needed. The patient noted that she was initiated on naproxen by her primary care physician 2 weeks prior to her presentation as acetaminophen, which she had been taking for more than 5 years, was not providing pain relief any longer.

Upon admission, the patient had a serum sodium of 113 mmol/L, a urine sodium of 120 mmol/L, and urine osmolality of 487 mOsm/kg. It was noted that her sodium level 10 months prior was 129 mmol/L. Based on her physical exam and other laboratory testing (ie, cortisol level, thyroid-stimulating hormone, pro-BNP, creatinine, liver enzymes, serum albumin, cholesterol; all within range), she was diagnosed with SIADH.

The offending agents, citalopram and naproxen, were discontinued and fluid was restricted to 1 L per day. Instead of using hypertonic saline in our case, we decided to start fluid restriction alone at the beginning because of advanced age (which entails higher risk for osmotic demyelination syndrome), chronic hyponatremia, and relatively stable clinical condition, the authors explained.

On day 3 of her stay, the patients serum sodium level remained unchanged since admission and she experienced worsening mental status. She was then initiated on 2g sodium chloride tablets twice daily and her fluid was further restricted. On day 10 of admission, the patients serum sodium was reported to be 131 mmol/L and the sodium chloride tablets were discontinued. She was discharged on day 14 to a subacute rehabilitation center.

After an inpatient psychiatric evaluation determined that an antidepressant was not necessary at the time, the patient was discharged on amlodipine 10mg daily, losartan 100mg daily, and meloxicam 15mg daily. She was advised to continue to limit fluid to 1 L per day.

In our case, laboratory evaluation led to the diagnosis of SIADH, and the history of presenting illness pointed towards a medication adverse effect as the culprit, the study authors stated. They concluded, When faced with hyponatremia in an elderly patient, medication reconciliation should be one of the initials steps in the assessment.

Chiu C, Sarwal A, Munir RA, Widjaja M, Khalid A, Khanna R. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) induced by long-term use of citalopram and short-term use of naproxen. Am J Case Rep. 2020; 21: e926561. doi: 10.12659/AJCR.926561.

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Antidepressant, NSAID Identified as Culprits in SIADH Case - Monthly Prescribing Reference

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Insulin controls the amount of sugar in your blood by regulating the conversion of glucose into energy, or storage in the liver for further use.

When we eat food, our body takes glucose from food, which leads to a rise in blood sugar levels. This leads to the release of insulin in healthy individuals, which signals your cells to absorb glucose and use it as energy, which in turn reduces your blood sugar level.

People suffering from type 1 or type 2 diabetes need to take insulin injection to facilitate this process. Nearly 24 per cent people suffering from diabetes take insulin.

There are several types of insulin that a person can take but it depends on how well everyone's body utilizes it and what is the type of diet they follow.

People who are resistant to insulin or consume too many carbohydrates, need to take higher doses of insulin.

See the article here:
Different types of insulin and how to use them for diabetes treatment - Times of India

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Insulin is a naturally-occurring hormone that helps the body regulate blood sugar, or blood glucose.

Healthy individuals produce all the insulin they need. But people with type 1 diabetes do not produce any insulin, so they need to take insulin injections.

People with type 2 diabetes produce some insulin, but their body is not always able to use it effectively. Because of that, some people with type 2 diabetes also need to take insulin injections.

Here's what you need to know about the different types of insulin and which might be best for you.

Insulin controls the amount of sugar in your blood by regulating the conversion of glucose into energy, or storage in the liver for future use.

When you eat, your body takes in glucose from food, and your blood sugar levels rise. This triggers the release of insulin in healthy individuals. The insulin signals your cells to absorb glucose and use it as energy, which reduces your blood sugar.

An insulin injection helps facilitate this process for people with diabetes. Overall, roughly 24% of people with diabetes are treated using insulin.

However, there are several different types of insulin that you can take. This depends on how well each person's body utilizes insulin, as well as their diets.

"Patients who are more resistant to the effects of insulin or consume excessive amounts of carbohydrate, particularly simple sugars, require higher doses of insulin," says Joseph Barrera, MD, an endocrinologist with Mission Hospital in Mission Viejo, California.

The types of insulin vary in the following ways:

A standard strength insulin in the United States is U-100, which has 100 units of insulin per milliliter of fluid. Here are the most common types of insulin:

Most insulin-dependent diabetics need to use both a short-acting and long-acting insulin to control their diabetes.

"The long-acting insulin is injected once a day to provide a 'ceiling' of insulin coverage to prevent blood sugars from escalating and the short-acting insulin is injected prior to meals to cover the carbohydrate consumed at each meal," Barrera says.

Intermediate insulin and inhaled insulin are not as commonly used, because they don't provide flexibility in dosing, Barrera says, and they can be more difficult to precisely control.

People with diabetes who are dependent on insulin will need to inject it, usually multiple times a day. However, if you dislike injecting insulin, you can talk to your doctor about getting an insulin pump, which delivers insulin continuously through a catheter. These can be paired with a continuous glucose monitor to deliver the correct dose of insulin.

"Ultimately, a physician, physicians' assistant, or nurse practitioner often in combination with a dietitian are most qualified to determine which type of insulin and insulin delivery device is best for each patient," Barrera says.

Insulin is highly effective at treating diabetes, especially if you have type 1. But for most people with type 2 diabetes, it's best to regulate your blood sugar levels through healthy lifestyle changes, so that you do not need insulin, Barrera says.

"Type 1 diabetics must be treated with insulin, as their pancreas do not produce insulin," Barrera says. "However, type 2 diabetics, which comprise 90% of the diabetic population, can either avoid insulin or discontinue insulin altogether if they are able to achieve an ideal body weight through diet and exercise under the care of an experienced health care team."

Read more:
The different types of insulin and how to use them for diabetes treatment - Insider - INSIDER

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Trodelvy (sacituzumab govitecan), a recently approved antibody-drug conjugate, delayed disease progression and improved overall survival for women with hard-to-treat triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and shrank tumors in about a quarter of people with metastatic bladder cancer, researchers reported this week at the European Society for Medical Oncologys ESMO Virtual Congress 2020.

Trodelvy, from Immunomedics (soon to be acquired by Gilead Sciences), uses a monoclonal antibody to deliver a potent chemotherapy drug. The antibody targets Trop-2, a cell surface protein found in more than 90% of triple-negative breast tumors and at lower rates in many other types of cancer.

Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Aditya Bardia, MD, MPH, of Massachusetts General Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, presented the latest findings from the ASCENT study, a randomized Phase III trial comparing Trodelvy versus chemotherapy for TNBC. Based on an earlier Phase II study, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approval of Trodelvy for this indication in April.

Breast cancer is classifiedaccording to the types of receptors it expresses. A majority of breast tumors carry estrogen or progesterone hormone receptors (HR-positive) and can be treated with hormone therapy. Others express a receptor called HER2 and can be treated with HER2 inhibitors such as Herceptin (trastuzumab). Triple-negative breast cancer doesnt express any of these receptors and is more difficult to treat.

ASCENT (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02574455) enrolled 529 people with metastatic TNBC in seven countries. Almost all were women, most were white and the median age was 54 years. They had received at least two and a median of four prior therapies. All had used various chemotherapy drugs, and about a quarter had tried checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy. The most common metastasis sites were the lungs (44%), liver (43%) and bones (22%); a small proportion of participants with brain metastasis were not included in the main analysis.

The participants were randomly assigned to receive either Trodelvy by IV infusion on days 1 and 8 in each 21-day cycle or a physicians choice of a single chemotherapy drug (eribulin, vinorelbine, gemcitabine or capecitabine). Treatment continued until they experienced disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

More than a third of Trodelvy recipients (35%) experienced tumor remission compared with just 5% of chemotherapy recipients; 4% and 1%, respectively, had complete responses.

Trodelvy reduced the risk of disease progression or death by 59% compared with chemotherapy in the subgroup without brain metastasis; the median progression-free survival time was 5.6 versus 1.7 months, respectively. The benefit was somewhat less when those with brain metastasis were included. The benefit was consistent across racial/ethnic groups and regardless of prior treatment regimens.

Overall survival time was 12.1 months in the Trodelvy group versus 6.7 months in the chemotherapy group, a clinically meaningful 52% improvement. At the time of the analysis, 15 Trodelvy recipients, but none of the chemotherapy recipients, were still taking their assigned treatment.

Trodelvy was generally safe, and side effects were usually manageable. The most common side effects were neutropenia, anemia, diarrhea, nausea, hair loss and fatigue. About 5% of people in both treatment groups stopped treatment due to adverse events.

The randomized Phase III study results confirm that sacituzumab govitecan should be considered as a new standard of care in patients with third-line metastatic TNBC, Bardia said in an Immunomedics press release.

The ASCENT study was halted in April after a data safety monitoring committee found that Trodelvy demonstrated compelling evidence of efficacy. Based on these findings, the company intends to seek full FDA approval for this indication later this year.

Bladder Cancer

Trodelvy for bladder cancer is further back in the pipeline. Yohann Loriot, MD, PhD, of Institut de Cancrologie Gustave Roussy near Paris, presented findings from the global Phase II TROPHY-U-01 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03547973), which enrolled people with inoperable locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma, which arises from cells lining the urinary tract and is the most common type of bladder cancer.

Participants were grouped based on prior therapy. Loriot presented findings from cohort 1, which included 113 people whose cancer progressed despite platinum-based chemotherapy and checkpoint inhibitors. More than three quarters were men, most were white and the median age was 75 years. The most common metastasis sites were the internal abdomen (62%), lungs (40%) and liver (28%).

All participants received Trodelvy on days 1 and 8 of each 21-day cycle until it no longer worked or they experienced intolerable side effects. There was no comparison regimen or placebo group.

The overall response rate was 27%, including 5% with complete remission. Loriot noted that the response rate for chemotherapy is generally around 10%. The median duration of response was 5.9 months, the media progression-free survival time was 5.4 months and the median overall survival time was 10.5 months.

Again, treatment was generally well tolerated, with side effects similar to those seen in the breast cancer study; 6% stopped treatment for this reason. One patient died of sepsis related to neutropenia, or depletion of infection-fighting white blood cells.

These findings, the researchers concluded, support a randomized Phase III trial of Trodelvy for metastatic urothelial carcinoma. Accordingly, the TROPICS-04 study is now underway (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04527991). Immunomedics plans to seek FDA accelerated approval this year based on the Phase II results.

Another antibody-drug conjugate, Padcev (enfortumab vedotin), from Astellas and Seattle Genetics, was granted accelerated approval for the same indication last December based on promising Phase II findings; a Phase III trial was recently stopped early based on good interim results.

In addition to TNBC and bladder cancer, Trodelvy is also being studied alone or in combination regimens for other malignancies, including HR-positive/HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (TROPICS-02; ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03901339), metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer and glioblastoma brain cancer.

Click here for full prescribing information for Trodelvy.

Click here to learn more about breast cancer.

Click here to learn more about bladder cancer.

Original post:
Trodelvy Improves Outcomes for Breast and Bladder Cancer - Cancer Health Treatment News

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Youll find no shortage of medical advice out there during the coronavirus. Separating myth from fact, the current from the outdated can be tricky. And what advice is truly essential, the most important to prioritize?

Cutting through the noisethats why we asked doctors for the most important advice they wish you knew. Heres what they told us. Read on, and to ensure your health and the health of others, dont miss these Sure Signs Youve Already Had Coronavirus

1

The coronavirus threat is not ending anytime soon, no matter where you live. People of all ages can become seriously ill with COVID-19, and you can spread it even without developing symptoms. Follow all official recommendations about wearing face masks, social distancing and good hygiene practices to reduce the spread.

Wash your hands throughout the day, especially if you have been out and have just arrived home, before you touch anything in the house. And take social distancing seriously. It will be a while before you can see family and friends, but you put your like at riskand theirsby not following the rules, says Dr. Deborah Lee.

RELATED: COVID Mistakes You Should Never Make

2

Many people associate switching to diet soda, or other diet drinks, as a healthy alternative to some beverages, says Drew Miller, MD, a family physician in Lakin, Kansas. However, there have been numerous studies reporting the link between diet soda and weight gain, as well as increased risk of developing diabetes, heart problems, or other chronic health issues.

The Rx: Switch out that soda for water, seltzer without artificial sweeteners, or homemade spa water add slices of lemons, limes, oranges or grapefruit to a pitcher of H20.

3

For the most part, people are trying to be helpful, live up to expectations and keep their patients healthy, says says Ariel B. Grobman, MD, a board-certified otolaryngologist with Greater Miami ENT. Mistakes do happen, and problems can be missed, but we should have compassion for healthcare practitioners.

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4

Many people think that bubbling of hydrogen peroxide on a wound is proof that there were bacteria in the wound and that the bacteria are being killed, says Dr. Robert Beam of Novant Health-GoHealth Urgent Care in Kernersville, North Carolina. The bubbling justifies its repetitive use.

The Rx: Clean wounds with soap and water, apply antibacterial ointment, and cover with a Band-Aid. But skip the bubbly stuff. Hydrogen peroxide is a potent oxidizing agent, says Beam. It damages all organic material, bacterial and human.

5

Breathing through the nose is a simple yet effective method to achieve better sleep, says Anil Rama, MD, adjunct clinical faculty at the Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine. Our nervous system consists of two parts: the sympathetic system and the parasympathetic system. The sympathetic or fight and flight system is active during the day; the parasympathetic or rest and digest system is more active at night. Any process that increases the activity of the sympathetic nervous system makes sleep difficult. Mouth breathing increases the activity of the sympathetic nervous system.

6

If I could give one health tip, it would be to preserve your mental health and inner peace at all costs, says Sophia O. Tolliver, MD, MPH, a family medicine physician with the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center.

The Rx: Meditating in the morning and setting an inner agenda and positive intention can be a great way to set the tone for the day, she says. At the end of a long day, meditating to clear your mind of all negativity, forgiving the upsets of the day, and reconciling your authentic self can set the stage for restful and relaxing sleep and really is a form of self-care at its highest level.

7

Get your annual screening mammograms, know your family cancer history, and educate your children about cancer risk identification, management and reduction, says Anjali Malik, MD, a breast imaging radiologist in Washington, D.C. Annual screening mammograms decrease deaths from breast cancer by 40 percent.

The Rx: With the top two risk factors for breast cancer being non-modifiable (female gender and aging), it is important for every woman, regardless of family history, to have an annual mammogram starting at the age of 40, he says.

8

Knowing your family history of all cancers (breast, colon, ovarian, pancreatic, thyroid, lung, melanoma) may impact your overall risk for cancer, and may raise the need for genetic testing, says Malik. Identifying our risks, and knowing how to reduce those that are modifiable, are a key part of prevention and precision medicine in the 21st century.

9

Aging is a process none of us are immune to, and so preparing for it is crucial, says Dr. Thanu Jey, DC, clinic director at Yorkville Sports Medicine Clinic. Many old-age accidents occur from falls, and its important to start fall-prevention training before its too late.

The Rx: As your parents age, its a good idea to begin stability and balance training early, so it becomes part of their daily routine, says Jey.

10

Its important to maintain a healthy weight and lifestyle, because overall health and wellness decreases chances of many problems, including heart disease, diabetes, sleep apnea and more, says Nodar Janas, MD, medical director of Upper East Side Rehabilitation and Nursing Center in New York City. Eating mindfully can be a powerful tool for maintaining a healthy weight.

The Rx: At mealtime, Decrease your portion size by at least half, make sure you are actually chewing your food, make one meal daily only fruits and vegetables, and stop eating at least two hours before sleep, advises Janas. It takes 15 minutes for stomach receptors to send information to the brain telling it youre full, so if you eat slowly in the beginning of your meal, you may eat a third of the portion you might otherwise eat.

11

If youre having pain with sitting for long periods of time near where the front pocket of your jeans are, this is probably coming from your hip joint, says Derek Ochiai, MD, an orthopaedic surgeon and sports medicine doctor in Arlington, Virginia. You should probably not ignore it, and at least get it checked out by an orthopaedic surgeon, before it becomes arthritis.

12

Even as cities reopen after the lockdown, it is still important to maintain a six-feet distance from other people to prevent the spread of coronavirus. Until a vaccine is developed, or an antibody test, we cannot be sure who is at riskso must assume everyone is at risk.

RELATED: Everything Dr. Fauci Has Said About Coronavirus

13

When prescribed medication, ask your doctor to explain why you need it, and if you agree, be compliant, says Janas. In the U.S., we are being overmedicated.

The Rx: When you are prescribed a medication by your doctor, make sure to take the time to understand why its been prescribed, says Janas.

14

Feed a cold, starve a fever is not true! says Betsy Koickel, MD, associate medical director of Northwell Health-GoHealth Urgent Care in New York. Taking in an adequate amount of calories and fluids are important to your body fighting off most illnesses. Increasing your fluid intake during any illness is helpful to your immune system. Fasting during illness may make you more at risk for weakness, dehydration, and fainting.

The Rx: Eat as normal when youre ill, and make sure youre hydrating. Aim for four glasses of water a day when youre healthy; during illness, you might need more.

15

If you think you should go to therapy, but dont really want to invest emotionally in it, arent really willing to be vulnerable and work hard and sometimes even suffer in it, it probably wont work so dont waste your time and money, says Gail Saltz, MD, associate professor of psychiatry at the New York Presbyterian Hospital Weill-Cornell School of Medicine. Therapy isnt a magic wand, you actually have to fully participate in it.

16

However difficult things are in life, take a few minutes every day to think about what you do appreciate, says Saltz. If you dont make a point of it, you probably wont do it and honestly you can completely lose perspective on your life.

The Rx: Take five minutes every day and think about what you do feel grateful for, says Saltz. Youll find that even over a couple of weeks youll feel more positively.

17

The winter blues arent a myth or something to be ignored. Many people really do have a mood change for the worse when the days become shorter. If you feel seasonally down or irritable or tired and slowed down, try light! says Saltz. Its odd to people to think light could do something to your brain, but it does. You need the right type of light, and then daily use, but it can change your entire state of wellbeing during the fall/winter months.

The Rx: Many models of light boxes are available, from the inexpensive to the deluxe. Talk to your doctor about any season-related emotional changes youre feeling, and if light box therapy might be right for you.

18

Make sure youre getting at least seven hours of sleep, says Janas. Lower room temperature if you cant fall asleep, or listen to relaxing music instead of relying on medications. Ironically, this is one I dont follow myself. I get about four hours of sleep a night because I am constantly getting calls from patients or colleagues. However, I have trained myself to work and function this way and I try, throughout the day, to take naps when possible.

The Rx: Experts like the National Sleep Foundation recommend getting seven to nine hours of sleep a night. If youre having chronic trouble getting that amount, talk to your doctor. He or she might advise cutting back on caffeine, limiting naps, getting more exercise or addressing anxiety or depression.

19

You might not have had an injury, but you could still get a stress fracture, which is microscopic damage to the bone, says Velimir Petkov, MD, a board-certified podiatrist with Premier Podiatry in Clifton, New Jersey. You can get them by wearing flip flops, sandals or shoes that fail to provide sufficient cushioning and shock absorption. Walking, jumping, running or even standing for extended periods of time can cause stress fractures.

The Rx: Wearing comfortable shoes with good padding, as well as getting plenty of Vitamin D and calcium is important in preventing stress fractures, says Petkov. Your primary care doctor can order a bone density test to verify your bone mass.

20

As nail salons reopen: Getting a pedicure might seem like a great idea, but many salons dont disinfect the whirlpools or footbaths properly, says Petkov. Drains and filters often dont get cleaned in between appointments. You can get a plantar wart, or a bacterial or fungal infection which would require medication, lots of patience and time to get rid of. Athletes foot (tinea pedis) is a very common fungal infection that spreads particularly well in moist areas.

RELATED: Im an Infectious Disease Doctor and Would Never Touch This

21

Those are eating the best foods, getting adequate exercise throughout the day, managing chronic stress, enhancing sleep, avoid all tobacco products, challenge your mind daily and spend time with friends and family, says Stephen C. Schimpff, MD, MACP, a board-certified oncologist and infectious disease specialist and author of Longevity Decoded The 7 Keys to Healthy Aging.

22

We ate quality foods in my mothers day, but the emphasis was on meat as the centerpiece with vegetables as an add-on, says Schimpff. If she were alive today, I would encourage her to add many more vegetables to her diet organic if possible reduce the potatoes, and only buy grass-fed beef and free-range chicken.

The Rx: Make the vegetables one-half or more of your plate and the meat no more than one quarter, advises Schimpff. Increase fish for the omega-3s, use olive oil and eat nuts and seeds and avocados, all for their healthy oils.

23

This is a very quick and inexpensive CT scan that can tell you if you have hard plaque in your coronary vessels, says Anthony Youn, MD, author of Playing God: The Evolution of a Modern Surgeon. I recommend it for anyone over the age of 40 whos concerned about developing heart disease. Its super-easy and inexpensive and just might save your life.

The Rx: Ask your doctor if the test is right for you.

24

The most important advice I could give is to keep your mouth clean, says Carl Medgaus, DMD, a dentist in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. People often dont realize the systemic effect that oral health has on the body. Plaque buildup on teeth, for example, can lead to atherosclerotic heart disease.

The Rx: Use an electric toothbrush with a two-minute timer, separated in 30-second intervals, so you know how long to spend on each section of the mouth, says Medgaus. Then equip yourself with a water flosser. No one likes to floss. Even I hate it. But it has to be done. Water flossing makes it easier. I had my doubts about water flossers at first, but clinical research shows that they are equivalent to traditional floss when it comes to removing plaque.

25

Every day, drink a tea or coffee, and also a cup of pomegranate juice, says William W. Li, MD, author of Eat To Beat Disease: The New Science of How Your Body Can Heal Itself. Coffee and tea can slow cellular aging, starve cancer, reduce the risk of stroke, and improve longevity. Natural chemicals in pomegranate improves your gut microbiome to help boost the immune system.

26

Dont stay long-term on estrogen replacement therapy, says Li. Many older women have been taking hormone replacements for years, but long-term use can increase the risk of breast cancer.

RELATED: Worst Things For Your HealthAccording to Doctors

27

Eat more soy, says Li. Contrary to popular belief, soy doesnt cause breast cancer. In fact, research shows eating more soy actually lowers the risk of breast cancer.

The Rx: Experts recommend eating a moderate amount of soy one to two servings a day. Foods that are rich in soy include edamame, alternative meats such as the Impossible Burger, soy milk, tempeh and soy protein.

28

As a healthcare professional, I cant stress this one enough, says Dena Nader, MD, regional medical director of MedExpress based in Washington, Pennsylvania. Washing your hands frequently, and well, is one of the best ways to avoid sickness and spreading germs to others. But what we often forget about are those other surfaces that we touch all the time our phones, steering wheels, doorknobs, faucets, toys, remotes that also harbor bacteria that can make us sick.

The Rx: I typically recommend to my patients that at least once a week, and more during cold and flu season, they remember to wipe down these frequently touched, but easily overlooked surfaces with antibacterial wipes to help slow the spread of germs, says Nader. Also, avoid putting pens or pencils in your mouth but if its a habit you just cant seem to break, make sure you disinfect these items every day.

RELATED: Everything Dr. Fauci Has Said About Coronavirus

29

Many of the patients I talk to feel overwhelmed at the idea of regular exercise because they think its time consuming and hard work but it doesnt have to be, says Nader.

The Rx: Making little adjustments to your normal routine, like taking the steps instead of the elevator at work or in your apartment complex, can make a big difference, she says. When youre running errands, try parking as far away from stores as possible so you have to walk a little bit extra. Take time during your lunch break and get some steps in by walking around your building. If and when youre ready to take it to the next level, remember that its always a good idea to talk to your doctor before starting a new exercise routine.

30

Dehydration is very common in fact, many of my patients dont even realize theyre chronically dehydrated, says Nader. Im always reminding my patients to drink more water even before theyre thirsty. If it becomes an ongoing issue, lack of water and dehydration can lead to serious complications, like urinary and kidney problems, heat-related illness, and seizures.

The Rx: While water is a great way to get and stay hydrated, there are alternatives for people who struggle to drink enough water or get bored with the taste, says Nader. Many vegetables, like celery, tomatoes, cucumbers, and broccoli, offer a unique alternative to water. And all fruits, especially grapefruit, watermelon, strawberries, and oranges, have a high water content and are an excellent source of vitamins and fiber, too. Homemade fruit smoothies, coconut water, and water infused with fruits like lemon and strawberries are also great ways to spice up your liquid intake for the day.

31

Breakfast really is one of the most important meals of the day, says Nader. Not only can it help control weight, but it also helps you get the important vitamins and minerals that you need in a day.

The Rx: I try to plan ahead as much as I can the night before, she says. There are so many different recipes for overnight oats, for example, which you can prep beforehand, so all you have to do is pull it out of the fridge the next morning. Pairing that with some fruit is a great first step to a healthy breakfast routine. If you are a morning person, try waking up a little bit earlier and starting simple. Opt for protein-rich eggs and pair it with a piece of whole-grain toast and some fruit.

32

Loneliness is the leading epidemic plaguing individuals over the age of 50 in America today, says Prakash S. Masand, MD, CEO of the Centers of Psychiatric Excellence (COPE). It is often missed by healthcare providers and family members, yet its consequences can be far-reaching and even tragic.

The Rx: Feeling lonely and being lonely take a real toll on the brain and on your overall health, concurs Saltz. You truly need to connect with others and have a few relationships that matter and nourish you, this is not something to just let go on. Do what you have to do to keep a few people in your life to care about, to connect with, to invest in.

33

Make the most of your relationship with your physicians, says Angela U. Tucker, MD, a family medicine physician with the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center. Be organized when you go to your appointments with exactly what your concerns are and what symptoms have occurred since the problem started. If you feel that your health providers are not listening to you and have your best interest in mind, find someone who will. Your life may depend on it.

34

Medicine has changed a lot in the previous 20 years, in terms of shifting focus toward improving quality of life, says Ariel B. Grobman, MD, a board-certified otolaryngologist with South Florida ENT Associates. In the past, people were encouraged to seek treatment and intervention when things were really bad. In my line of work, having one deaf ear was previously seen as not that big of a deal, after all, you have a second good ear. Nowadays, we strive to improve patients lives by restoring function to as normal a level as possible.

The Rx: Everyone has a right to live their best life, says Grobman. Prioritize your mental and physical health, talk openly with your physician about symptoms, and dont suffer in silence.

35

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These Health Tips Could Save Your Life, According to Doctors - KYR News

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

The following article was written by Christine Bishara, MD who is the A4M member of the month, she practices preventive and personalized patient care, and believes in a proactive approach to healthcare.

Intermittent fasting has become the #1 dieting method and theres a valid reason. As someone who has done intermittent fasting for over 30 years, I have found it to be the most effective method of weight management.

As an obese teen, my impetus for change came the summer of my sophomore year of high school. My mom, sister and I had gone on a cruise to Bermuda. As is the protocol on these ships, the Captains Dance Night was one of the highlighted events. Just as the dance was starting, a stranger approached both my mom and older sister to dance, but they politely declined. He took a look at me and walked away. A few weeks later, I had my annual pediatrician appointment, which involved the dreaded getting on a scale. My pediatrician did not mince words. I still remember the exact words she said, as she told me I was sixty pounds overweight. I distinctly also remember her saying you will never be able to lose all this weight. Those were harsh words to hear as a 15-year-old. I am not sure why she said that to me, but in hindsight, maybe she knew me better than I knew myself. That summer, I set out to prove her wrong.

Initially, my plan involved consuming 1,000-1,200 calories daily. I often found myself hungry, so I started experimenting with eating more. I increased my caloric intake to approximately 1400-1600 per day, but started ending my meals earlier than usual and waiting as long as I could the next day before eating breakfast. Intermittent fasting was not even a thing back then, and in all reality, I was just trying to find a way to eat a little more and still lose weight. I soon discovered that my plan was working. That summer I lost 30 pounds.

It wasn't until I studied Biochemistry in medical school that I discovered why intermittent fasting is such an effective mechanism for weight loss and maintenance. Eventually, I managed to lose 70 pounds by the time I graduated and have kept my weight stable since then. We now know that there are many benefits to fasting and I believe its what has helped me stay relatively healthy with no medical problems.

Id love to share the reasons why its a great option for maintaining overall health. To do that, we will first need to understand the science behind it.

Autophagy: The word autophagy in Greek literally means eating oneself and this is exactly what happens when we fast. Think of autophagy as the low battery mode setting on your phone. Our bodies are constantly in survival mode, always trying to ensure that we have enough fuel for our cells to function. Autophagy works to protect us for as long as possible in case we encounter times when we don't have access to food. When in a fasting state, your body must reserve energy for its most vital functions, so it kicks into cleaning house mode. This means that any unnecessary components of our cells are lysed, or removed. Apoptosis-programmed cell death, also helps to save energy for the bodys most vital functions. Apoptosis and Autophagy are accelerated when we sleep and autophagy is initiated by fasting. Autophagy usually kicks in after 16-20 hours of fasting. The longer your body is in autophagy, the better. Since autophagy stimulates the death of certain cells or parts of cells, it can also program the death of dysregulated and dysfunctional cells that have gone haywire or have become prone to developing cancer.

Now let's discuss the types of fasting that allow us to benefit most from autophagy. There are two types of fasting - intermittent and prolonged.

Intermittent Fasting:

This is a loose term as there are several different methods. Ill focus on the three most effective ones:

Time-restricted:

This is my personal favorite. Time-restricted fasting and I have a long history together, so maybe Im a little biased in my love for it. This is also probably the most common method of intermittent fasting. It involves restricting the time of eating to a 6-8 hour window. I recommend that if you have not done this before, to start with twelve hours first. Although intermittent fasting is generally considered safe, there are some medical conditions where fasting is not recommended, and its always best to get the all-clear from your doctor before starting.

During the time-restricted fast, I recommend eating two meals and a snack, or- just two meals. Everyone is different, but I believe unless one is underweight, most people do not need to eat three square meals a day. You also want your meals to be at least 60-70% plant-based. Once you've mastered twelve hours, move on to fourteen, then sixteen hours and finally eighteen hours of caloric restriction. Ideally, you do not want to eat four hours before you sleep since the best time for autophagy to kick in is during that time.

5:2 day fast:

This fast consists of two days of fasting where you don't eat from 24 hours the day prior, For example, If your last meal was 7 pm the night before, you can fast till 7pm the next day and then eat a 500 calorie meal. The two days do not have to be consecutive, although its more effective when they are. During the 5 days of normal eating, the average person should not consume more than 2,100 calories, but this varies based on sex, weight and muscle mass.

Alternate day fast:

This is similar to the 5:2 day fast but, you're alternating normal calorie days with 3-4 fasting days of 500 calories. This is good in that it gives the sense of not being deprived of food on a regular basis.

Although the alternate day and 5:2 day fasts are a little more rigid, they are also beneficial since the longer a fast, the better the health results, especially when it comes to autophagy which is potentiated with longer fasts.

Prolonged fasting:

This is defined as fasting of longer than 2 consecutive days. The most common of these is a 3-5 day water fast, however, I do not recommend prolonged water fasts except under extreme circumstances and closely monitored by a physician. Risks are involved with long term water fasts, not to mention that they're also almost impossible to stick to. Last year, I was introduced to a safer and more effective method. I am not big on promoting anything, but I do believe in the science behind this particular diet called the Fasting Mimicking Diet (FMD) by Prolon. The goal of the FMD is to mimic a 5-day water fast, but while eating food. The benefits of prolonged fasts are sustained autophagy, weight loss and cell rejuvenation. The diet has been studied extensively and has been patented and proven to initiate cell renewal.

Now that weve explored how to fast and why its beneficial, let's discuss what happens to initiate this cascade of potentially life long health benefits.

Glycogenolysis and Gluconeogenesis

We have all experienced hunger sensations. Again, this is our bodys survival mode kicking in to make sure it receives adequate glucose for all its cells, at ALL times. Hunger is a good sensation. It is what prevents us from starving to death when we dont have food in front of us to remind us to eat. What makes it problematic is when that sensation occurs more frequently than wed like. We have all experienced that hunger feeling that hits late in the evening after we have eaten dinner and eventually entices us towards the pantry or fridge for a late-night snack.

Understanding the reason behind the cravings makes us better equipped to resist them.

So why does that hunger feeling kick in? Blame it on Insulin, the hormone responsible for facilitating glucose transport into our cells. Insulin needs to do its job, so when your body runs out of carbohydrates consumed from food, it knows it has to alert you to bring in more fuel. Here's the trick though-Insulin didnt get the memo that our bodies have a backup plan. Enter Insulins arch-enemy, the hormone, Glucagon. When insulin is up, Glucagon is down and vice versa. Although they are opposites, they're both essentially fighting for the bodys survival, but through different means. The role of Insulin and Glucagon is to ensure that cells receive fuel at all times. So, when insulin drops, it stimulates the hunger pathway urging you to eat. What happens when you ignore that urge? The levels drop and in comes Glucagon. Glucagons job is to get fuel to the cells when we dont eat. It does this in two ways:

Glycogenolysis:

Your liver has a stored supply of glycogen (roughly 1200 calories worth) which can be converted to glucose for cells. The body starts to utilize glycogen stores after about 8-10 hours of fasting. When Insulin levels decrease and hunger signals are ignored, Glucagon alerts your liver to start using stored glycogen for fuel, hence the word LYSIS, meaning to "break down." This is why when you go to bed hungry, you don't usually wake up hungry since your body has utilized other means to feed its cells.

Gluconeogenesis.

Additionally, our bodies are able to make glucose for cells by activating a mechanism called Gluconeogenesis. The word genesis here means "to create" and in this case, the body creates glucose. In order to do this, the body resorts to fat burning for fuel and we enter into a state of ketosis.

These mechanisms have many health benefits including stabilization of blood glucose levels and prevention of insulin resistance, a condition caused by consistent stimulation of Insulin release throughout the day.

Here are my tips on how to start your fasting journey:

1- Find a doctor who can effectively rule out any contraindications to fasting. Its good to have bloodwork taken to monitor progress.

2- Pick a type of intermittent fasting and resolve to do it 80% of the time. You can experiment with the different types to see what works best for you.

3- At least two to three times a year, consider doing a prolonged fasting-mimicking diet to get all the benefits of cell renewal through autophagy.

I hope this helps. Cheers till next time.

Read the original:
The Benefits of Intermittent And Prolonged Fasting - Anti Aging News

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

In SOLAR-1 final analysis, Piqray (alpelisib) plus fulvestrant demonstrated 8 months clinically relevant improvement in overall survival (OS) in HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer (aBC) patients with a PIK3CA mutation compared to fulvestrant alone1

14+ months OS improvement was achieved in patients with lung or liver metastases, which are observed in 41% of postmenopausal women with HR+ aBC, and considered more aggressive and challenging to treat1-3

Data add to growing body of evidence for Piqray, the first and only treatment specifically approved for aBC with a PIK3CA mutation

Basel, September 19, 2020 Novartis today announced results of the final overall survival (OS) analysis from the SOLAR-1 trial, which evaluated Piqray (alpelisib) in combination with fulvestrant, compared to fulvestrant alone, in hormone receptor positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 negative (HR+/HER2-) advanced breast cancer patients with tumors harboring a PIK3CA mutation. Piqray is the only treatment approved in Europe, the United States and 15 other countries specifically for people with HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer with a PIK3CA mutation. These data will be presented as a late-breaking oral presentation during the ESMO Virtual Congress 2020.

In the study, there was a clinically relevant improvement in OS of eight months for patients with a PIK3CA mutation taking Piqray plus fulvestrant compared to fulvestrant alone (median OS 39.3 months vs. 31.4 months; one-sided p0.0161; HR=0.86; 95% CI: 0.64-1.15; p=0.15)1. This difference did not reach the prespecified threshold of statistical significance set for the secondary objective of OS in patients with PIK3CA-mutated breast cancer. A more than 14 month OS improvement was observed in patients with lung or liver metastases, which signify more aggressive disease (median OS 37.2 months vs. 22.8 months; HR=0.68; 95% CI: 0.46-1.00)1-3.

These results build on previous data showing that alpelisib nearly doubled median progression-free survival in this patient population, said Fabrice Andr, MD, PhD, research director and head of INSERM Unit U981, professor in the Department of Medical Oncology at Institut Gustave Roussy in Villejuif, France, and global SOLAR-1 principal investigator. Patients whose tumors have a PIK3CA mutation, particularly those with lung or liver metastases, have a more aggressive, harder to treat cancer, so these results showing alpelisib offers longer life, are promising.In addition, data showed the need for chemotherapy was delayed in patients taking Piqray plus fulvestrant by nine months compared to those taking fulvestrant alone (23.3 months vs. 14.8 months; HR=0.72; 95% CI: 0.54-0.95)1. Quality of life (QOL) was maintained for people taking Piqray plus fulvestrant.

Story continues

These data demonstrating survival benefit give the 40% of HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer patients with PIK3CA mutations in their tumors more time to spend with loved ones and do what they value most, said Susanne Schaffert, PhD, President, Novartis Oncology. We are committed to reimagining a world where advanced breast cancer becomes a curable disease, and these data reinforce our confidence as we continue to explore the potential use of Piqray in other types of breast cancer with PIK3CA mutations.

No new safety signals were observed; adverse events were consistent with previously reported SOLAR-1 results.

Visit https://www.virtualcongress.novartis.com/ESMO20 for the latest information from Novartis including our bold approach to reimagining cancer care, and access to our ESMO Virtual Congress 2020 symposia and data presentations (for registered participants).

In July 2020, the European Commission (EC) approved Piqray in combination with fulvestrant for the treatment of postmenopausal women, and men, with HR+/HER2- locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer with a PIK3CA mutation after disease progression following endocrine therapy as monotherapy.

About Piqray (alpelisib)Piqray is a kinase inhibitor developed for use in combination with fulvestrant for the treatment of postmenopausal women, and men, with HR+/HER2-, PIK3CA-mutated, advanced or metastatic breast cancer following progression on or after endocrine-based regimen. Piqray is approved in 48 countries, including the US and European member states.

About SOLAR-1SOLAR-1 is a global, Phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial studying Piqray in combination with fulvestrant for postmenopausal women, and men, with PIK3CA-mutated HR+/HER2- advanced or metastatic breast cancer that progressed on or following aromatase inhibitor treatment with or without a CDK4/6 inhibitor7-9.

The trial randomized 572 patients. Patients were allocated based on central tumor tissue assessment to either a PIK3CA-mutated cohort (n=341) or a PIK3CA non-mutated cohort (n=231). Within each cohort, patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive continuous oral treatment with Piqray (300 mg once daily) plus fulvestrant (500 mg every 28 days + Cycle 1 Day 15) or placebo plus fulvestrant. Stratification was based on visceral metastases and prior CDK4/6 inhibitor treatment7-9. Patients and investigators are blinded to PIK3CA mutation status and treatment.

The primary endpoint is local investigator assessed PFS using RECIST 1.1 for patients with a PIK3CA mutation. The key secondary endpoint is overall survival, and additional secondary endpoints include, but are not limited to, overall response rate, clinical benefit rate, health-related quality of life, efficacy in PIK3CA non-mutated cohort, safety and tolerability7-9.

About Novartis in Advanced Breast CancerNovartis tackles breast cancer with superior science, collaboration and a passion for transforming patient care. We've taken a bold approach to our research by including patient populations often neglected in clinical trials, identifying new pathways or mutations that may play a role in disease progression and developing therapies that not only maintain, but also improve, quality of life for patients. Our priority over the past 30 years and today is to deliver treatments proven to improve and extend lives for those diagnosed with advanced breast cancer.

Important Safety Information from the PIQRAY EU SmPC The most common ADRs and the most common grade 3 / 4 ADRs (reported at a frequency >20% and 2%, respectively) were plasma glucose increased, creatinine increased, gamma-glutamyltransferase increased, rash, lymphocyte count decreased, nausea, alanine aminotransferase increased, anaemia, fatigue, lipase increased, decreased appetite*, stomatitis, vomiting*, weight decreased, hypocalcaemia, plasma glucose decreased*, activated partial thromboplastin time prolonged*, alopecia**, diarrhoea, hypokalaemia, hypertension, nausea, creatinine increased, and mucosal inflammation (*<2% grade 3/4 ADRs reported, ** no grade 3/4 ADRs reported).

Piqray can cause serious side effects such as severe hypersensitivity, severe cutaneous reactions, hyperglycaemia, pneumonitis, diarrhoea and osteonecrosis of the jaw.

The following should be taken into consideration prior to or during treatment with Piqray:

Piqray should be permanently discontinued in patients with serious hypersensitivity reactions.

Piqray should not be initiated in patients with a history of severe cutaneous reactions, should be interrupted if signs or symptoms of severe cutaneous reactions are present, and permanently discontinued if a severe cutaneous reaction is confirmed.

Fasting glucose and HbA1c levels should be monitored frequently in the first 4 weeks of treatment, and patients should be advised of the signs and symptoms of hyperglycaemia.

In case of new or worsening respiratory symptoms, the patient should be evaluated for pneumonitis.

Patients should be advised to notify their physician if diarrhoea occurs.

Caution should be exercised when Piqray and bisphosphonates or denosumab are used together or sequentially. Piqray should not be initiated in patients with ongoing osteonecrosis of the jaw.

The efficacy and safety of Piqray has not been studied in patients with symptomatic visceral disease.

Animal studies suggest that Piqray may cause fetal harm in pregnant women. Therefore, as a precaution, women of childbearing potential should use effective contraception while receiving Piqray during treatment and at least 1 week after stopping treatment. Women should not breast feed for at least 1 week after the last dose of Piqray. Piqray may affect fertility in males and females.

Please see full Prescribing Information for Piqray, available at http://www.Piqray.com.

DisclaimerThis press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements can generally be identified by words such as potential, can, will, plan, may, could, would, expect, anticipate, seek, look forward, believe, committed, investigational, pipeline, launch, or similar terms, or by express or implied discussions regarding potential marketing approvals, new indications or labeling for the investigational or approved products described in this press release, or regarding potential future revenues from such products. You should not place undue reliance on these statements. Such forward-looking statements are based on our current beliefs and expectations regarding future events, and are subject to significant known and unknown risks and uncertainties. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those set forth in the forward-looking statements. There can be no guarantee that the investigational or approved products described in this press release will be submitted or approved for sale or for any additional indications or labeling in any market, or at any particular time. Nor can there be any guarantee that such products will be commercially successful in the future. In particular, our expectations regarding such products could be affected by, among other things, the uncertainties inherent in research and development, including clinical trial results and additional analysis of existing clinical data; regulatory actions or delays or government regulation generally; global trends toward health care cost containment, including government, payor and general public pricing and reimbursement pressures and requirements for increased pricing transparency; our ability to obtain or maintain proprietary intellectual property protection; the particular prescribing preferences of physicians and patients; general political, economic and business conditions, including the effects of and efforts to mitigate pandemic diseases such as COVID-19; safety, quality, data integrity or manufacturing issues; potential or actual data security and data privacy breaches, or disruptions of our information technology systems, and other risks and factors referred to in Novartis AGs current Form 20-F on file with the US Securities and Exchange Commission. Novartis is providing the information in this press release as of this date and does not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statements contained in this press release as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

About NovartisNovartis is reimagining medicine to improve and extend peoples lives. As a leading global medicines company, we use innovative science and digital technologies to create transformative treatments in areas of great medical need. In our quest to find new medicines, we consistently rank among the worlds top companies investing in research and development. Novartis products reach nearly 800 million people globally and we are finding innovative ways to expand access to our latest treatments. About 109,000 people of more than 140 nationalities work at Novartis around the world. Find out more athttps://www.novartis.com.

Novartis is on Twitter. Sign up to follow @Novartis at https://twitter.com/novartisnewsFor Novartis multimedia content, please visithttps://www.novartis.com/news/media-libraryFor questions about the site or required registration, please contact media.relations@novartis.com

References1. Andr F, Ciruelos EM, Juric D, et al. Overall Survival (OS) Results From SOLAR-1, a Phase 3 Study of Alpelisib (ALP) + Fulvestrant (FUL) for Hormone Receptor-Positive (HR+), Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Negative (HER2) Advanced Breast Cancer (ABC). Presented at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress, September 19, 2020 (LBA18).2. Harb, WA. Management of patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer with visceral disease: challenges and treatment options. Cancer Manag Res. 2015;7:37-46.3. Wang R, Zhu Y, Liu X, et al. The Clinicopathological features and survival outcomes of patients with different metastatic sites in stage IV breast cancer. BMC Cancer. 2019;19(1):1091.4. The Cancer Genome Atlas Network. Comprehensive molecular portraits of human breast tumours. Nature. 2012;490(7418):61-70.5. Miller TW, Rexer BN, Garrett JT, Arteaga CL. Mutations in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway: role in tumor progression and therapeutic implications in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res. 2011.6. Saal LH, Johansson P, Holm K, et al. Poor prognosis in carcinoma is associated with a gene expression signature of aberrant PTEN tumor suppressor pathway activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007;104(18):7564-7569.7. Piqray (alpelisib) Prescribing Information. East Hanover, New Jersey, USA: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation; May 2019.8. Andr F, Ciruelos E, Rubovszky G. Alpelisib for PIK3CA-Mutated, Hormone-Receptor-Positive Advanced Breast Cancer. N Eng J Med. 2019.9. Andr F, Ciruelos EM, Rubovszky G et al. Alpelisib (ALP) + fulvestrant (FUL) for advanced breast cancer (ABC): Results of the phase III SOLAR-1 trial. Annals of Oncology, Vol 29, Suppl 8, October 2018, Abstract LBA3_PR.

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Novartis Piqray data show survival benefit for patients with HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer with a PIK3CA mutation - Yahoo Finance

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

A treat here or there is no big deal, but eating dessert every day could hinder your health and weight-loss goals.

Image Credit: LIVESTRONG.com Creative

Maybe you always find yourself reaching for a peanut butter cup when the late afternoon slump hits and you're dragging. Maybe you tend to top off dinner with a cookie (or two, or three). Or perhaps you're hooked on your mid-morning mocha latte, which, let's face it, has a lot more in common with dessert than a cup of coffee.

Yeah, you know sugar's not the best thing in the world for you but if you've got a sweet tooth, it's pretty darn hard to resist.

So just how harmful (or not) is eating dessert on a daily basis? The short answer is that it depends. Read on for the breakdown.

Not All Sugar Is Created Equal

First, it's important to keep in mind that your body processes a bowl of berries very differently than a bowl of ice cream.

"The natural sugar in fruit comes bound in fiber as well as a host of phenols, polyphenols, antioxidants and phytochemicals that have a compensatory benefit," says family physician Joel Fuhrman, MD, author of Eat for Life. "These substances support the growth of healthy bacteria in the gut, which eats up some of that sugar and slows its entry into the bloodstream."

It's a different story for added sugars. "As opposed to the slow and steady caloric release associated with low-glycemic foods, sugar calories rush rapidly into your bloodstream because they are not accompanied by fiber," Dr. Fuhrman says.

For example, when you eat an apple, one or two calories a minute will enter your bloodstream over the next three hours, according to Dr. Fuhrman. Eating a chocolate bar, on the other hand, could shunt 40 sugar calories per minute into your bloodstream, causing a spike in glucose much higher than your body is able to burn for energy.

OK, so a slice of cake isn't the best thing for your body. Still, you might think, what's the big deal about having just one treat a day? Everything in moderation, right? But added sugar is already hiding in so many of the foods we eat.

According to the University of California San Francisco (UCSF), 74 percent of packaged food contains added sugar, so it's easy to go overboard without realizing it. Although the American Heart Association recommends limiting added sugar to 6 to 9 teaspoons daily, the average American consumes a whopping 17 teaspoons a day. (That's 57 pounds a year!)

One of the issues with this excess sugar is that it leads to overeating. Per UCSF, high levels of sugar in the blood create a resistance to leptin, a naturally occurring hormone that tells your brain when you're full. As a result, your brain doesn't get the message that it's time to stop eating.

What's more, sweets are hard to put down. "They stimulate the same dopamine receptors in the central nervous system that are activated by narcotic use," Dr. Fuhrman says. "As you keep eating sweets, you require a higher and higher sugar hit to get the same dopamine stimulation, and the cravings can be hard to control."

You also become habituated to sweet flavors. "Eating highly sweetened substances deadens your taste buds," Dr. Fuhrman says. "Because your threshold for sweetness has been lowered, you need a higher degree of sugar to get the same taste sensations."

You may find, for example, that naturally sweet fruits and veggies taste flat; you can no longer appreciate a deliciously ripe strawberry or peach.

An occasional indulgence is one thing, but too much added sugar on the regular can lead to a host of health problems.

Image Credit: itakdalee/iStock/GettyImages

The Problem With Too Much Sugar

Before you bite into that chocolate chip cookie, let's talk about how your body responds to a high-sugar diet.

It Can Lead to Weight Gain

Even if you opt for a fat-free treat like sorbet or Swedish Fish, sugar is one of the fastest ways to pile on pounds. How come? Eating sugar spikes glucose in the bloodstream.

"Your body responds to this influx of glucose by secreting more of the hormone insulin, which drives sugar calories into fat cells," says Dr. Fuhrman.

With a surplus of fat cells in your body, you'll likely notice the number on the scale start creeping up. Indeed, a December 2017 analysis in Obesity Facts confirmed a link between obesity and sugar-sweetened beverages.

Youre More Prone to Chronic Health Conditions

According to the UCSF, long-term consumption of large quantities of sugar can damage your organs, including your pancreas and liver, and lead to high blood pressure and high cholesterol.

But that's not all. An April 2014 article in Diabetes Care suggests that sugar intake is linked to type 2 diabetes, heart disease, metabolic syndrome and fatty liver disease. Plus, a 2014 study in JAMA Internal Medicine found a connection between sugar and death from cardiovascular disease, regardless of body weight.

Another thing that's not so sweet about dessert? A July 2016 study in the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) revealed a link between a high-sugar diet and acne. According to the AAD, spikes in blood sugar increase inflammation and the production of sebum (an oily substance found on the skin), two contributing factors that lead to zits.

Your shut-eye could be compromised if you go heavy on the sweet stuff. Eating sugar was linked to lighter, less restorative sleep with more nighttime awakenings in a small study published January 2016 in the Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine.

People with a high-glycemic diet spend a shorter time in slow-wave sleep, which is key for memory consolidation, cognitive function and growth hormone secretion, according to the American Sleep Association. And remember that some types of dessert, like chocolate, also contain caffeine, which further disturbs your zzzs.

Sugar Can Affect Your Mood

It turns out having dessert won't put a smile on your face: A July 2017 study in Scientific Reports suggests that habitual intake of treats is related to depression and other mood disorders.

Even if you don't have full-blown depression, December 2016 research in the journal Appetite found that people who eat a lot of sweets and carbs tend to be less energetic and alert than folks who stick to low-sugar foods.

Its Bad for Your Brain

"The spike of sugar in your bloodstream accelerates brain damage," Dr. Fuhrman says. "It has been linked to loss of brain cells, poor neurologic function and diminished neuroplasticity."

Indeed, an August 2013 study in The New England Journal of Medicine found that people with higher glucose levels were at greater risk of dementia.

4 Ways to Satisfy Your Sweet Tooth in a Healthy Way

You don't have to cut out sugar entirely, but you can be more strategic about how and when you eat it. These tips can all help lessen sugar's negative effects.

1. Indulge at the End of the Meal

"When you eat a piece of fruit or a small dessert right after dinner, you are also eating other nutritious food along with the meal," Dr. Fuhrman says. "As a result, the glycemic effect is somewhat lessened as opposed to if you just sat down and had a big dessert on its own."

2. Divide Your Dessert into Serving Sizes

"You'll be less likely to succumb to cravings and overeat," Dr. Fuhrman says.

3. Use Fruit as Sweetener

"You'll get just as much flavor with no added sugar and high levels of fiber," Dr. Fuhrman says.

He suggests mashing up one to two dates or dried apricots per dessert serving. Mashed bananas or frozen cherries also work well. One yummy idea to try? Dr. Fuhrman's "vanilla ice cream:" blend a frozen banana with vanilla bean powder and soaked walnuts.

4. Savor a Piece of Chocolate

"Two-thirds of our tongue is covered with sweet receptors, so we are designed to seek out the flavor of sweetness," says heart surgeon and pioneer in nutrition Steve Gundry, MD, author of the upcoming book The Energy Paradox. "I advise people to slowly eat a single square of dark chocolate 72 percent cacao or above by literally letting it melt on your tongue."

That way, you'll get maximum flavor and minimal sugar. Win-win!

So, How Bad Is It Really to Eat Dessert Every Day?

We hate to leave a bad taste in your mouth, but if your daily treat is pushing your sugar intake past the healthy range, then it could be taking a serious toll on your health.

But here's a silver lining: If you follow the guidelines above, you can satisfy your sugar cravings while still being sweet to your body.

Visit link:
Is It Bad to Eat Dessert Every Day? - LIVESTRONG.COM

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Diabetes is one of the leading causes of death across the globe. Its treatment and management of optimal blood sugar levels are tiresome for the patient and their family. Especially for the patients that are suffering from type-1 diabetes.

Furthermore, AI technology provides an easy means of treating a diabetic patient according to the latest studies, particularly during pandemics.

Diabetes is a disease in which your body is unable either to produce insulin or to respond to existing insulin. Insulin is a hormone that works to regulate blood sugar levels along with glucagon.

Insulin enables the bodys tissues and muscles to uptake glucose from the blood and maintains blood glucose levels within the normal range, a process lacking in diabetes patients.

Either glucose forms energy in the form of ATP by tissues, or the storage of glucose may occur. Moreover, deficiency of insulin results in hyperglycemia. Unlike diabetes, hyperglycemia is a condition in which blood glucose levels rise above the normal range.

Persistent hyperglycemia in diabetic patients leads to complications. Added to that, it can cause blindness, kidney failure, heart attacks, stroke, limb amputation, and death.

ALSO READ:A Straw To The Drowning Liquified Diet Forces Diabetes Into Remission

There are three major types of diabetes. Type-1 diabetes, or juvenile diabetes, also known as insulin-dependent diabetes, occurs at an early age. It involves the administration of insulin injection in patients.

Type-2 diabetes, also known as insulin-independent diabetes, occurs at an older age.

Gestational diabetes occurs in women during pregnancy. Women may or may not be able to overcome it after childbirth. Proper physical activity, a healthy diet, regular exercise, and anti-diabetic drugs enable the diabetic patient to control elevations of blood glucose effectively.

Artificial intelligence technology is the intelligence of machines. It has many applications in daily life, business, medicine, agriculture, space exploration, autonomous vehicles, and artificial creativity. Moreover, it is helpful in medical diagnosis, electronic trading platforms, robot control, and remote sensing.

All the relevant information regarding a particular application is installed into the machines associated with AI technology. Added to that, AI in healthcare is capable of evaluating CT scans or EKGs, as well as plays a vital role in monitoring diabetes patients.

AI technology is able to calculate the precise dosage according to an individual patient, particularly helpful in treating diabetes patients. Moreover, research is being carried out to develop AI technology that can assist doctors in the treatment of cancer patients.

Surgeons at the Childrens National Medical Center, in Washington, in a recent study demonstrated successful surgery with an autonomous robot. IBM has created IBM Watson, its own artificial intelligence computer. Furthermore, it has successfully proven itself in the field of healthcare.

AI in healthcare has certain other applications. This includes AI for heart sound analysis, tumor detection, design treatment plans, provide consultations, and drug creation. Added to that, AI enables us to predict HIV progression and predict the likelihood of death from surgical procedures.

The life of a diabetic patient is somewhat tiresome as being a diabetic patient you need to monitor your glucose levels on regular bases. Moreover, physical activity and diet need to be planned according to the current condition of a diabetic patient.

Furthermore, to make a diabetic patients life easier the NextDREAM Consortium group designed an automated AI-based decision-support-system, the DreaMed Advisor.

ALSO READ:Modern Science: Artificial Intelligence can Help Diagnose Your Health Conditions via Selfies

Moreover, the group conducted a six-month study to assess the efficacy and safety of DreaMed Advisor. In this study, they made a comparison between consultations given by AI-based decision-support systems and physician-guided recommendations.

The study was published in Nature Medicine. The result of the study was that the DreaMed Advisor was able to control glucose levels of the diabetic patient. Somewhat a physician with diabetes expertise would control.

DreaMed Advisor an AI-based decision-support technology, provides a standard way to manage insulin therapy for diabetic patients. Moreover, it acts as a full-time personalized medical advisor, especially ideal for type-1 diabetic patients. DreaMed Advisor dose adjustment is as effective as an expert physician dose adjustment.

Original post:
AI Technology Can Cause Remission of Diabetes - Health Writeups

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

New Jersey students browsing a course catalog will find many programs of study thatwerentthere when their parents went to college.

Some programs seem to be exactly appropriate for the time we are in.

Theres cyberpsychology at New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT), environmental studies at Rutgers, financial technology at Seton Hall and cannabis studies at Stockton University.

As perhaps the largest mass demonstrations in American history have drawn attention to prejudice against minorities, including police brutality and inequity in the impact and treatment of the COVID-19 pandemic, The College of New Jersey (TCNJ) offers a minor in social justice.

Its so interesting that it fits the moment, but it is not a new idea for us, said Dr. PiperKendrixWilliams, a professor in the English and African American Studies departments at TCNJ.

The idea for the minor is three or four years old, and we worked on it for about two years, she said.

New Jersey tends to have segregated areas white suburbs and minorities in the cities, she said. Even in college, students experience can be really segregated.

Our students need an education in social justice, she said. Every student in the college needs some understanding of race, gender and inclusion. I can see a lot of students wanting this.

Williams said the program is a natural outgrowth of TCNJs Bonner Scholars program in which participants are required to do 300 hours of community service in the Greater Trenton area.

The minor requires five courses: Introduction to Social Justice, Introduction to Womens and Gender Studies, Introduction to the Sociology of Race and two junior-level electives.

Activism cant come until youre educated, until you know what youre fighting for, Williams said. Higher education has to step up to what is relevant in the world.

Dr. JulieAnciswill be the director of NJITs new program in cyberpsychology, offering a Bachelor of Science degree. It is the first such major in New Jersey and NJITs first foray into the behavioral sciences.

Im very excited about this program because its truly innovative, saidAncis, who has been a professor of psychology and associate vice president of diversity at Georgia Tech.

It is designed for students with an interest in psychology and human behavior, she said, noting that projections call for at least an 11% job growth in the field in the next 10 years.

The program will use existing research and literature to prepare students to solve real-world problems and apply their skills to a variety of domains,Ancissaid.

Potential career fields will include cyber security, games We want games to be a force for good, she said telepsychology, virtual reality, app development, digital health and any positions related to online engagement.

We will be exploring all aspects of technologically interconnected human behavior through the lens of psychology,Ancissaid. We will look at ways to enrich online experiences and decrease anxiety, explore the psychology of cyber threats both for perpetrators and victims factors that influence privacy precautions such as perception of risks, cyberbullying, ethics and many other areas.

The ways in which we learn, socialize and communicate have been transformed, she added. Were in a totally new worldapproximately 60% of the worlds population is using the internet.

Anciswill teach Foundations of Cyberpsychology, which has a waiting list for registration.

I expect this really to grow, she said.

NJIT also is offering a new undergraduate major in forensic science, and certificates in big data, data mining, and cell and gene therapy.

Cannabis has been on college campuses for decades, but with medical marijuana now legal in 33 states and recreational marijuana legal in 11, a new industry has spawned.

The university was interested in having a scientist involved because there might be perceptions that illegal activity was involved, said Dr. EkaterinaSedia, a plant biologist and coordinator of the cannabis studies minor at Stockton University. The program is very much based in science.

OK, we have a new industry, its coming, its here and theyre going to be hiring. We want to get those jobs.

About 50 students are enrolled in the program, which started a year ago.

I anticipated the demand,Sediasaid. I was a little surprised how quickly it became known. We have students from a variety of majors, including business, environment and sustainability, and communications.

The program also looks at hemp and CBD products, and includes such aspects as banking, cybersecurityand regulatory compliance. It studies the non-psychoactive aspects of cannabis, such as use in cosmetics, too.

Its not necessary that youd be growing it yourself, but you may be involved with a business that grows it,Sediasaid. I have a student who says she wants to be the Johnson & Johnson of cannabis.

Elven Riley of Seton Halls Stillman School of Business saidthe financial technology major FinTech for short is aimed at preparing students for jobs where finance and the digital world intersect.

In the finance department we see that banking and brokerages and, to some extent, insurance are reducing their traditional workforces and moving to more technology savvy employees, he said. There are just thousands of jobs out there. New York and London are hotbeds.

The major is designed for business students to become literate in the language of technology.

We think it will put our students at the head of the queue to get those jobs, said Riley, who had a 30-year career in investment banking. Were getting attention from the industry that they want these students.

Seton Hall now has students who pursue dual majors in finance and information technology. Forty to 50 students are expected to switch to the FinTech major.

This is a mash-up of the two concentrations, Riley said. Looking around higher education, thereare not a lot of these designed programs.Theresnot a lot of faculty in higher education that has experience in this space.

Theres big interest, lots of jobs, very exciting, but also very challenging, he said.

The possible careers are in big data, algorithmictradingand edge computing.

Theres no part of the financial industry that doesnt involve technology, Riley said. You need people who are trained and literate inboth of these.

We do think incoming students will seek this out. We think this will attract high-quality students to our program. We would be remiss not to go in this direction.

Rutgers University-New Brunswicks School of Arts and Sciences has launched a new major in environmental studies that brings together 17 science and humanities programs.

This appeals to up-and-coming generations who have grown up with the environment being at the forefront of their world, said Dr. Paul OKeefe, whose specialty is geography.

Different in focus from environmentalscience,the environmental studies major will prepare liberal arts students to be professionals on environmental issues, OKeefe said.

We currently have 26 students enrolled in the environmental studies minor and expect several to transition to the major along with new entrants to the program, he said.

Students in all majors must take Environmental Techniques courses, which give them skills applicable to many workplaces. There also is an optional internship component for students.

Rutgers also offers a minor in agroecology in the School of Environmental and Biological Sciences in New Brunswick. It appeals to a small number of students from a wide variety of majors.

I have had landscape architects and nutrition majors who are interested in how we grow food and food systems, said Dr. Mark Robson, Board of Governors Distinguished Service Professor in the Department of Plant Biology. I have had kids from the business school who want to know about the costs of growing food. I have had kids in our traditional ag(riculture)and food systems major that used to be ag(riculture) science, and then I have students who are just interested in ecology in general and this caught their eye.

So, given its general nature and the fact that we all eat, it seems to interest a lot of students, he said.

Students have gone on to work for state environmental agencies and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and some have gone into farming as well, Robson said.

Other new programs at Rutgers include majors in cinema studies, Japanese and Korean, and minors in African languages, archaeology, Holocaust studies, and medical ethics and health policy.

Kean University has started a new major in exercise science in its School of Health and Human Performance. It can lead to careers in physical and occupational therapy, chiropractic, cardiac rehabilitation, and sports medicine, and lead to work in the fitness industry.

Some of our students become entrepreneurs and start their own fitness businesses, said Dr. Adam Eckart, program coordinator, who has worked as a full-time trainer and whose bachelors and masters degrees are from Kean.

It can be a feeder for graduate health programs, including medical school, he said.

Eckart said there are 215 exercise science majors, and the program is expected to grow by 40 to 50 students a year.

Health care organizations will be looking in the future to refer patients to exercise professionals, he said. Students need an insight into where the field is headed.

He said most of health care spending results from chronic conditions that can be avoided with intervention through diet and exercise, pointing to the motto of the American College of Sports Medicine: Exercise is medicine.

Seton Hall also has launched a dual major in religion and law, which will allow students to graduate in six years with a bachelors degree in religion and a juris doctor in law.

Were very excited about it, said Dr. Brian Sheppard of Seton Hall Law School in Newark, who said the religion major requires a rigorous study of texts, which overlaps with law school rigor. He said it appeals to students who are interested in working in the nonprofit sector.

We like the idea of building this bridge, Sheppard said. We get some incredible students from Seton Hall undergraduate. This just strengthens that.

It is one ofseveralthree-plus-three programs offered by Seton Hall, leading to both undergraduate and graduate degrees in six years.

You use your first year of studies in law school as your fourth year of college, Sheppard said. It really offers a premium to students who want both degrees. It allows you graduate with less debt. Debt can be a real obstacle to careers in social justice.

And Seton Halls School of Diplomacy and International Relations is offering non-majors a certificate in global affairs.

Acting Dean Courtney Smith said many diplomacy majors minor in languages and other disciplines in Seton Halls other schools.

This is an opportunity for us to offer a reciprocal service, he said, to better serve students already here.

The certificate will require four classes that will give students a better grasp of global affairs, Smith said, since many of the issues facing society in the future require an international approach, including climate change.

He said students can take a broad or narrow approach in choosing their classes. It requires only 12 credits, rather than the 18 required for a minor.

Kean also has started a new dual admission program Pathway to Kean that offers students whodontinitially meet university admissions standards a path toward earning a bachelors degree.

Qualified students are given conditional acceptance to the universityas long asthey complete their associate degree at one of Keans partner county colleges. The university will provide counseling and support services while the students are attending county colleges.

The program begins this fall in partnership with Essex County College, Middlesex County College, the County College of Morris, Ocean County College, Union County College and Warren County Community College. It is expected to include more New Jersey county colleges over the next two years.

Students in the program will have their applications sent to their respective county colleges. Kean will work with each county college admissions office to ease their enrollment into the program.

Kean will provide support services on the county college campuses and remotely for students in the program.

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Focused on the future: Innovative college programs in N.J. pave way for the real world - Jersey's Best

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Two leading edge, female-led Canadian DNA testing companies partner to offer the most comprehensive combination of DNA tests, providing personalized health recommendations on the best diet, exercise, lifestyle and medication regimen for their clients based on their unique genetics.

dnaPower Inc, a biotechnology company that offers DNA testing for health and wellness, announces their partnership with Inagene Diagnostics. Inagene Diagnostics is a DNA testing company that uses genetic information to predict response to medications commonly used to treat pain and mental health conditions. These two Canadian DNA testing companies have joined forces to crack the code on personalized healthcare, empowering people to take control of their health and live their best lives.

dnaPower is committed to helping people make better data-driven decisions about their day to day health using genetics. We are delighted to be partnering with Inagene, a strong female-led, Canadian DNA company to include their pharmacogenetic testing.In addition to providing tailored health solutions for your diet, exercise and lifestyle, we can now add the ability to identify the medications best suited for your body to keep you safe and get the best health outcome. Dr. Lois Nahirney, CEO, dnaPower Inc.

Through their partnership, dnaPower and Inagene offer a suite of tailored health solutions for anyone looking to maximize insights to optimize their health. Comprehensive DNA testing is available for preventative health and medical treatment optimization. Personalized insights include tailored diet, exercise, lifestyle recommendations, and medications to optimize ones treatment plan based on their genetic information. Together, these powerful genetic insights act as a biological roadmap to help individuals navigate their best health.

Advancements in technology have opened up a world of opportunities to personalized healthcare in ways never seen before. There is no one size fits all solution when it comes to health. Unique genes can respond differently to foods, types of exercise, and medications. Spending years through trial and error to find the best diet, exercise, and medication is a way of the past. Individuals can now enjoy the ability to take control of their health without the guesswork through genetic testing.

We are excited and proud to partner withdnaPower another leading-edge Canadian company! Our teams care deeply about helping clients and are passionate about bringing innovation and personalized medicine to consumers. Helping individuals and their healthcare providers determine which drug and dose will work best, with less trial and error, is just part of the equation; the opportunity to learn what diet and exercise regimen works best for you, further enhances the client experience. Nancy White, CEO, Inagene Diagnostics.

To celebrate their partnership, dnaPower and Inagene are offering a combined special on their DNA tests. The Ultimate Insights Package includes the suite of dnaPower and Inagene DNA tests at the incredible price of $648 (retail value $1495). See this special offer.

Together, dnaPower and Inagene are passionate about empowering individuals to control their health with genetic testing, sharing a unified principle that knowledge is power.

About Inagene Diagnostics

With over two decades of experience in genetic research and diagnostics, combined with over 30 years of commercial health experience, Inagene has witnessed and been a part of the growing technology that now makes personalized healthcare possible. Inagene believes patients are not simply seeking more information, but practical and individualized information they can use to help make the best decisions about their health. Inagene Personalized InsightsTM makes it easy for patients and health care practitioners to navigate to the safest and most effective treatment options for medications used for pain and mental health conditions, and steer clear of those that arent.

About dnaPower Inc

dnaPower was one of the first in the world to offer DNA health testing, launching in 2008. They saw enormous potential for new DNA technology to help support peoples health and wellness, particularly in diet and fitness. dnaPower was a pioneer in applying leading-edge gene research to develop targeted gene panels. Since then, they have been providing personalized testing and professional support to help people like you make better, data-driven decisions about your health. With years of experience, dnaPower provides clear results and specific recommendations to help you take proactive and positive action for your unique body.

More here:
Cracking the code to live your best life: Canadian DNA testing companies, dnaPower and Inagene, partner to unlock true personalized health through...

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

A prisoner shines a light from a window at an LA ICE detention center.

Last week, Dawn Wooten became the latest whistleblower regarding the treatment of migrants inside US Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) facilities. A former detention center nurse, Wooten filed a claim with the Department of Homeland Security claiming that mass hysterectomies were being performed on women without their full consent and sometimes, without their knowledge.

These allegations rightfully shocked many, as politicians, celebrities and social media users drew comparisons between ICE conditions and Nazi Germany. But forced sterilization in America is not a random imitation of Nazi's eugenic history; it's a vile continuation of our own. In fact, it was California's mass sterilization in the 1920s, then recorded by the Eugenics Record Office, that in part helped form Hilter's blueprint for racial purification in Germany. Eugenics is the belief that the human species can be improved by preselecting those with "desirable" traits to reproduce in an effort to "breed out" disease, criminal traits, and mental illness.

In the early 1900s, sterilization in America thrived through federally funded programs used to control growing Asian and Mexican immigrant populations in the west and Black populations in the south. Originally targeting "undesirable" genes in people with criminal records and mental illnesses, it strategically evolved to include immigrants, people of color, and low-income citizens soon after. These programs purposefully sought out the most vulnerable communities, with victims who legally and financially could not fight against a government that had already predetermined their fate.

Below is a brief timeline of our country's history with sterilization, which has disproportionately affected women of color for more than 100 years.

The Eugenics movement enters the American political and economic system in an effort to eliminate "unfavorable" genetics of people with disabilities and those perceived as "socially inferior."

Michigan is the first state to introduce a compulsory sterilization bill. It does not pass.

Pennsylvania passes a sterilization bill that is later vetoed.

Indiana becomes the first state to legally pass eugenics laws and mandate sterilization of the "feebleminded," criminals, and "imbeciles."

By this year, 12 states, including California, Connecticut, and Washington, have some form of sterilization legislation in place.

By this time, 3,000 people have already been involuntarily sterilized in the country since the eugenics movement began.

Virginia's Eugenical Sterilization Act is signed into law under the guidance of Dr. Albert Priddy, the first superintendent of the Virginia Colony for Epilectics. Later that year, Priddy presents 18 subjects (all women) for a sterilization case study. The first proposed subject is Carrie Buck a 17-year-old pregnant girl who was raped by her foster family's nephew.

In Buck v. Bell, the Supreme Court approves the sterilization of individuals in all public institutions showcasing characteristics of "imbecility, epilepsy, and feeblemindedness." This included Priddy's first subject case, Buck, who became the first patient in America to face a legally mandated sterilization.

Sterilization begins in Puerto Rico. Approximately one-third of all Puerto Rican women were sterilized up until the 1970s.

Elaine Riddick, a 14-year-old Black girl in North Carolina is recommended for sterilization by a social worker after being raped. Her procedure is signed with an "x" by her illiterate grandmother, who was not informed of the procedure.

A five-person committee in North Carolina begins a sterilization program that lasts 45 years, sterilizing over 7,600 women, children, and men of color.

Two Black, mentally disabled sisters, Mary Alice Relf, 14, and Minnie Relf, 12, are sterilized without consent in Alabama after doctors tell their illiterate mother they were receiving birth control shots.

The Relf v. Weinberger case draws nationwide attention to the 100,000-150,000 people being involuntarily sterilized each year across the country.

By this year, 20 to 25 percent of Indigenous women have undergone forced sterilization in America since 1970.

In Madrigal v. Quilligan, the Supreme Court sides with Los Angeles County USC Medical Center, refusing to acknowledge coercion used to sterilize 10 female Mexican-American patients, despite a whistleblower going on the record.

By this year, California is responsible for 20,000 sterilization procedures, the highest number of any state.

Since 2006, almost 150 female prisoners in California have been secretly and illegally sterilized.

The Eugenics Compensation Act is signed into law to provide protections and reparations for victims.

As you can see, this is a devastating history, and one that isn't widely known. These eugenics methods were intentional tactics to disrupt the history and lineage of families and cultures. This drive to control marginalized groups, especially women of color, still has roots in our reproduction rights and decisions today.

If you're interested in learning more about America's history of sterilization, documentaries are a great place to start. I recommend watching The Eugenics Crusade (available on PBS and Amazon Prime) about the origins of eugenics and its role in American history. To learn how sterilization affected women specifically, No Ms Bebs (available on PBS) is a documentary about California's history of sterilizing Latina women, and Belly of the Beast is a documentary about the recent sterilizations in California's female prisons, premiering next month.

Here is the original post:
America's Ugly History With Selective Sterilization Against Women of Color - POPSUGAR

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Despite being at opposite ends of the Earth, Iceland and New Zealand have many similarities. Both are small island nations, heavily reliant on tourism and currently led by young female prime ministers.

Both countries have also been commended for their responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, characterised by science-informed policy and a high degree of public trust.

At the moment, Iceland and New Zealand have some of the lowest COVID-19 deaths per capita among OECD countries (2.83 and 0.51 per 100,000 population, respectively, compared with an OECD average of 24.01 per 100,000).

Both have been rated in the top 14 safest countries in the world for COVID-19.

But since the first cases were identified in each country in late February 2020, the two nations have taken different pathways in their COVID-19 responses. What lessons can we learn from their journeys so far?

New Zealand is one of the few countries to openly declare a COVID-19 elimination strategy. This involved a progressively strengthened contact-tracing and isolation system, with early and stringent use of shutdowns and border controls.

A nationwide shutdown was instigated on March 26 soon after community transmission was first demonstrated in the country and before any deaths had occurred. Alongside the shutdown, the border was closed to all but New Zealand citizens and residents.

A 14-day quarantine in managed facilities was implemented for all new arrivals. These border controls have continued to today despite the huge impact on the tourism industry.

Read more: Research shows Mori are more likely to die from COVID-19 than other New Zealanders

New Zealands go hard and go early strategy proved to be more effective than most had anticipated. The country moved back to its lowest alert level on June 8, after only seven weeks of shutdown.

On August 11, after more than 100 days with no community transmission of COVID-19, a cluster of cases not linked to other known case was detected in Auckland. This outbreak is still being contained and no source has yet been identified.

The response from the government was immediately to reinstate stay-at-home orders in Auckland, raise the alert level for the rest of the country, and further tighten systems at the border and in quarantine and isolation facilities.

Key to management of this resurgence was the use of rapid genome sequencing and a new requirement for mask use when travelling on public transport.

Read more: Genome sequencing tells us the Auckland outbreak is a single cluster except for one case

In contrast to New Zealand, Icelands strategy involved no shutdown period, no official border closure to non-residents, and negligible use of managed quarantine facilities.

The aim instead is to mitigate infection so it does not overwhelm the health-care system, and to keep the numbers as low as possible. As in New Zealand, there is a new requirement for wearing face masks when travelling on public transport and where physical distancing is difficult.

The cornerstone of Icelands response has been easy access to COVID-19 testing and mass screening, alongside quarantine and contact tracing. This was enabled by a public-private partnership between the Icelandic health authorities, the National University Hospital of Iceland and local biopharmaceutical company deCODE Genetics.

At one stage, Iceland was performing more tests per head of population than any other country.

As Iceland became free of community transmission of COVID-19 in mid-May, pressure grew from the tourism industry and other stakeholders to reduce the 14-day quarantine policy for new arrivals into the country.

In response, a controversial new border screening program was implemented on June 15. This required all incoming travellers to be tested once for COVID-19 on arrival and then urged to self-quarantine until results came back, usually within 24 hours.

As a consequence, tourism in June and July exceeded all expectations in Iceland.

But increasing community transmission, with several clusters arising from travellers who had tested negative on arrival prompted a stepwise tightening of the border system.

Since August 19, all incoming travellers have had to undergo mandatory self-quarantine, during which they need to return two negative COVID-19 tests at least five days apart.

The change to this two-test strategy proved to be a wise move, as 25 (20%) of the 126 active infections in inbound travellers were detected only by the second test.

Although they adopted different strategies, both Iceland and New Zealand demonstrate the importance of decisive, science-informed decision-making and clear communication involving regular public briefings by senior officials.

Read more: COVID-19 is not the only infectious disease New Zealand wants to eliminate, and genome sequencing is a crucial tool

As a consequence, high levels of public trust have been recorded in both Iceland and New Zealand although this has varied through the pandemic.

The prominent role of scientists, the use of multi-institutional collaborations as part of COVID-19 response strategies, and the willingness to adapt to new knowledge have also been key features for both countries.

Only time will enable a full assessment of each countrys COVID-19 strategy. More than ever, the global community needs to learn from each others experiences, avoid dogmatism and be adaptable in our national responses as we navigate a path out of this pandemic.

Read more here:
COVID-19 and small island nations: what we can learn from New Zealand and Iceland - The Conversation AU

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

IRVINE, Calif.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--While studying the genetics of the androgen receptor, a team of scientists discovered a possible breakthrough treatment for COVID-19.

The team led by Andy Goren, MD from Applied Biology, Flavio A. Cadegiani, MD, MSc, PhD from Corpometria Institute in Brazil, along with other collaborators, have published their discovery in several medical journals. The manuscript, What Does Androgenetic Alopecia have to do with COVID-19? An Insight into a Potential New Therapy (doi: 10.1111/dth.13365), elucidates the possible role of androgens in controlling the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 in human lung cells.

According to Dr. Goren, Our earlier discovery potentially links SARS-CoV-2 infectivity to androgens, the same hormones implicated in male pattern baldness and prostate cancer; thus, anti-androgens originally developed for prostate cancer may prove a breakthrough therapy for COVID-19. One of the most promising anti-androgens is proxalutamide, a next generation anti-androgen.

The study on the effects of proxalutamide on COVID-19 has received national IRB approval and will be conducted in Brasilia, Brazil, in non-hospitalized patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 disease. Recruitment of volunteers should start this week.

According to Dr. Cadegiani, We are excited to commence this study that could potentially benefit millions of patients and change the course of COVID-19.

More information about the study (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04446429) is available at clinicaltrials.gov (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04446429?term=NCT04446429&draw=2&rank=1).

The approval was received on September 17th, 2020 from the IRB of the National Board of Ethics Committee (CONEP), from the Brazilian Ministry of Health, under the name The Proxa-AndroCoV Trial, number (CAAE) 36700320.8.0000.0023.

ABOUT APPLIED BIOLOGY

Founded in 2002, Applied Biology, Inc. (www.appliedbiology.com), headquartered in Irvine, California, is a biotechnology company specializing in hair and skin science. Applied Biology develops breakthrough drugs and medical devices for the treatment of androgen mediated dermatological conditions. Applied Biology's R&D pipeline includes a topically applied prophylactic treatment for chemotherapy induced alopecia; a novel diagnostic device that can aid dermatologists in identifying non-responders to topical minoxidil; an adjuvant therapy for non-responders to topical minoxidil; and a novel therapy for female pattern hair loss.

ABOUT CORPOMETIRA INSTITUTE

Corpometria institute was founded in 2013, and is focused on treating, researching and optimizing healthcare of the major unsolved endocrine-related conditions, including patients with obesity, sarcopenia, menopause and andropause, chronic fatigue and burnout, undertrained athletes, and rare metabolic and endocrine diseases.

Corpometria R&D pipeline includes three major clusters: amplifying genetic testing, epigenetic influences and metabolomic analyses of patients with not-fully clarified metabolic and endocrine-related illnesses; development of machine learning and AI-based algorithm for personalized metabolic responses and changes to specific eating, exercising and sleeping characteristics; and full elucidation of endocrine physiology of the sport, including specific hormonal and metabolic responses and adaptations to sports according to intensity, volume, frequency and type of physical activity, and in combination with a variety of nutritional, psychological, social, and sleeping characteristics.

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Applied Biology and Corpometria Institute Receive National IRB Approval to Study a Potential Breakthrough Therapy for COVID-19 - Business Wire

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

On September 10, 2020, the Patent Trial and Appeal Board (PTAB) decided key motions in Interference No. 106,115,University of California v. Broad Institute. The interference involves 10 patent applications of the University of California (The Regents of the University of California, University of Vienna, and Emmanuelle Charpentier, collectively referred to as "UC") and 13 patents and one patent application of Broad Institute (The Broad Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Presidents and Fellows of Harvard College, collectively referred to as "Broad"), all directed to the use of CRISPR-Cas9 to edit eukaryotic genomes. Broad and UC had argued these motions before the PTAB in May 2020.1

This decision is the latest turn in a long battle between Broad and UC. In a previous round of interference, Broad was able to secure its U.S. patents covering CRISPR-Cas9 in eukaryotes. The current interference puts these patents in question again. If UC prevails, Broad would lose its CRISPR-Cas9 eukaryote patents. Notably, UC also owns patents generally directed to CRISPR-Cas9 and not particularly to eukaryotes, which are not involved in this interference. Even if UC loses this interference, its general CRISPR-Cas9 patent claims would remain unaffected.

The PTAB decision recognized Broad as having the earliest effective filing date, but turned down its request to call off the current interference altogether. While the former gives Broad an advantage in proving it invented first, the latter appears to be a significant setback. The decision thus does not settle the dispute, but rather moves it to the next stage, where each party may submit actual evidence, such as lab notebooks, to prove they invented the disputed CRISPR-eukaryote system first. This stage may be rather long and complicated, and the parties may face increased pressure to settle.

A patent interference is a proceeding formerly used to determine who first invented a claimed invention. Interferences were phased out in a 2012 legislation, but patents or applications with effective filing dates before March 2013 still can be subject to an interference. To simplify the proofs of first invention, the disputed invention is defined in a "count" based on the parties' claims.

Details

Interference No. 106,115 is the second interference between Broad and UC over the CRISPR-Cas9 technology. The first interference between the parties ended in 2018 after an appeal, with the conclusion that the parties' claims did not in fact interfere because Broad's invention, directed to CRISPR-Cas9 in eukaryotic cells, would not have been obvious in light of UC's invention, which claims the CRISPR-Cas9 system generically. The current interference was triggered by new claims UC filed shortly after conclusion of the first interference, which have essentially the same scope as Broad's claims that survived the first interference. The patent examiner decided the new UC claims were allowable except for a potential interference with Broad's claims, and the PTAB subsequently declared the second interference on June 24, 2019.

The PTAB's decision on September 10 mainly addressed three issues: 1) whether the PTAB should recognize either party's first provisional application as its earliest effective filing date; 2) whether the first interference as affirmed by the Federal Circuit should bar or "estop" the current interference; and 3) whether Broad's request for a broader "count" should be granted.

Regarding the earliest effective filing date, each party requested the benefit of its first provisional application. Having the earliest recognized filing date makes one party the "senior party," which means the party is presumed to be the first inventora big advantage in a priority contest. Any other party would be a "junior party." In the current decision, the PTAB found that Broad's first provisional application, filed December 12, 2012, provided a constructive reduction to practice of an embodiment within the count, and UC's request for benefit to its first priority date was denied. The PTAB held that UC's earlier applications lacked discussion of PAM sequences, sample target DNA sequences, and special instructions or conditions necessary to accommodate the eukaryotic cellular environment. The PTAB found that these failings were not overcome until UC's third provisional application, which was filed on January 28, 2013. Accordingly, the PTAB redeclared the interference with Broad as the senior party and UC as the junior party.

On the estoppel issue, Broad requested judgment against UC because the earlier interference should have decided all issues between the parties. Broad argued that UC should be barred from pursuing its new claims, because Broad's claims involved in the two proceedings are the same, and the same issues based on the same facts were already litigated in the first interference. The PTAB denied Broad's request, explaining that the first interference did not involve priority or patentability of either party, and did not decide those issues, much less all issues that may be argued before the Board. The PTAB was also not persuaded that the counts in the two interferences were directed to the same subject matter. In reaching its decision, the PTAB had to distinguish several USPTO authorities, which might provide Broad with procedural arguments on appeal if it loses priority.

On the third issue, Broad moved for the PTAB to interpret its claims broadly and to broaden the current count defining the scope of disputed subject matter and the proofs for priority. Any claim involved in the interference that is not patentably distinct from the count is grouped with the count. As a result, the losing party would lose any claims patentably indistinct from the count. In the current interference, the original count was directed to a eukaryotic cell comprising CRISPR-Cas9 system with a single guide RNA. Broad requested PTAB to construe its claims reciting "guide RNA" as encompassing both single guide RNA and dual guide RNA, and to substitute the original count with one that covers both single and dual guide RNAs. Broad presumably requested this change because its earliest proofs of invention involved the use of dual guide RNA. The PTAB considered the parties' arguments and declarations and denied these motions, mainly based on Broad's own applications, which stated that "chimeric RNA," "chimeric guide RNA," "single guide RNA,"all of which mean a single guideand the term "guide RNA" are used interchangeably.

Broad moved alternatively for numerous claimsclaims that do not recite a single guide, claims that recite a Cas9 derived from a different species than that was in the provisional applications, and claims that recite two nuclear localization sequencesto be deemed outside of the scope of the original count. The PTAB held that Broad's arguments that these claims were patentably distinct from the count were not supported.

Both UC and Broad have remarked on the PTAB's decision. A UC spokesperson noted that the university, while disagreeing with the accordance of benefits, is pleased that the PTAB has ruled in its favor in most instances, and "remains confident that the PTAB will ultimately recognize that [UC and its affiliated research team] was first to invent the CRISPR-Cas9 technology in eukaryotic cells."2Broad, on the other hand, largely called for a settlement for the parties to move beyond the disputes and "focus on using CRISPR technology to solve today's real-world problems."3

While the PTAB decision declared Broad as the senior party, Broad's priority date is only 47 days before UC's. The interference will now move to the priority phase, where each party may present evidencefor example, actual lab recordsto establish its actual date of the invention. The PTAB has provided time periods for submission of priority motions and oppositions to the motions. These time periods go until May 7, 2021, after which an oral hearing may be ordered. Although Broad won the status of senior party, the retention of the (narrower) original count might impair Broad's ability to contest priority, and certainly its inability to convince the PTAB to end the interference without a priority contest appears to be a significant setback for Broad. This mix of outcomeswith Broad receiving an advantage on priority but with UC prevailing on the terms of the priority contestleaves both parties with considerable uncertainty, possibly increasing pressure to settle.

[1] Patent Trial and Appeal Board Hears Argument in CRISPR Patent Priority Dispute, Wilson Sonsini Alert, https://www.wsgr.com/en/insights/patent-trial-and-appeal-board-hears-argument-in-crispr-patent-priority-dispute.html.

[2] See Jon Cohen, The Latest Round In The CRISPR Patent Battle Has an Apparent Victor, but The Fight Continues, Science (September 11, 2020), https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/09/latest-round-crispr-patent-battle-has-apparent-victor-fight-continues.

[3] For Journalists: Statements and Background on the Crispr Patent Process, Broad Communications, https://www.broadinstitute.org/crispr/journalists-statement-and-background-crispr-patent-process (last updated September 10, 2020).

See the article here:
Patent Trial and Appeal Board Issues Decision on CRISPR Patent Priority Dispute - JD Supra

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

The research study presented in this report offers complete and intelligent analysis of the competition, segmentation, dynamics, and geographical advancement of the Global Japan CRISPR/Cas9 Market. The research study has been prepared with the use of in-depth qualitative and quantitative analyses of the global Japan CRISPR/Cas9 market. We have also provided absolute dollar opportunity and other types of market analysis on the global Japan CRISPR/Cas9 market.

It takes into account the CAGR, value, volume, revenue, production, consumption, sales, manufacturing cost, prices, and other key factors related to the global Japan CRISPR/Cas9 market. All findings and data on the global Japan CRISPR/Cas9 market provided in the report are calculated, gathered, and verified using advanced and reliable primary and secondary research sources. The regional analysis offered in the report will help you to identify key opportunities of the global Japan CRISPR/Cas9 market available in different regions and countries.

Request Sample Report @ https://www.researchmoz.com/enquiry.php?type=S&repid=2795931&source=atm

The authors of the report have segmented the global Japan CRISPR/Cas9 market as per product, application, and region. Segments of the global Japan CRISPR/Cas9 market are analyzed on the basis of market share, production, consumption, revenue, CAGR, market size, and more factors. The analysts have profiled leading players of the global Japan CRISPR/Cas9 market, keeping in view their recent developments, market share, sales, revenue, areas covered, product portfolios, and other aspects.

segment by Type, the product can be split intoGenome EditingGenetic engineeringgRNA Database/Gene LibrarCRISPR PlasmidHuman Stem CellsGenetically Modified Organisms/CropsCell Line Engineering

Market segment by Application, split intoBiotechnology CompaniesPharmaceutical CompaniesAcademic InstitutesResearch and Development Institutes

Based on regional and country-level analysis, the CRISPR/Cas9 market has been segmented as follows:North AmericaUnited StatesCanadaEuropeGermanyFranceU.K.ItalyRussiaNordicRest of EuropeAsia-PacificChinaJapanSouth KoreaSoutheast AsiaIndiaAustraliaRest of Asia-PacificLatin AmericaMexicoBrazilMiddle East & AfricaTurkeySaudi ArabiaUAERest of Middle East & Africa

In the competitive analysis section of the report, leading as well as prominent players of the global CRISPR/Cas9 market are broadly studied on the basis of key factors. The report offers comprehensive analysis and accurate statistics on revenue by the player for the period 2015-2020. It also offers detailed analysis supported by reliable statistics on price and revenue (global level) by player for the period 2015-2020.The key players covered in this studyCaribou BiosciencesIntegrated DNA Technologies (IDT)CRISPR TherapeuticsMerckMirus BioEditas MedicineTakara BioThermo Fisher ScientificHorizon Discovery GroupIntellia TherapeuticsAgilent TechnologiesCellectaGenScriptGeneCopoeiaSynthego

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Japan CRISPR/Cas9 Market Size and Forecast

In terms of region, this research report covers almost all the major regions across the globe such as North America, Europe, South America, the Middle East, and Africa and the Asia Pacific. Europe and North America regions are anticipated to show an upward growth in the years to come. While Japan CRISPR/Cas9 Market in Asia Pacific regions is likely to show remarkable growth during the forecasted period. Cutting edge technology and innovations are the most important traits of the North America region and thats the reason most of the time the US dominates the global markets. Japan CRISPR/Cas9 Market in South, America region is also expected to grow in near future.

The Japan CRISPR/Cas9 Market report highlights is as follows:

This Japan CRISPR/Cas9 market report provides complete market overview which offers the competitive market scenario among major players of the industry, proper understanding of the growth opportunities, and advanced business strategies used by the market in the current and forecast period.

This Japan CRISPR/Cas9 Market report will help a business or an individual to take appropriate business decision and sound actions to be taken after understanding the growth restraining factors, market risks, market situation, market estimation of the competitors.

The expected Japan CRISPR/Cas9 Market growth and development status can be understood in a better way through this five-year forecast information presented in this report

This Japan CRISPR/Cas9 Market research report aids as a broad guideline which provides in-depth insights and detailed analysis of several trade verticals.

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Originally posted here:
Japan CRISPR/Cas9 Market size and Key Trends in terms of volume and value 2019-2026 - The Daily Chronicle

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