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JK Rowling on Twitter: why has the Harry Potter writer been accused of transphobia – and her latest tweets on conversion therapy explained – The…

Arts and CultureBooksThe controversy surrounding JK Rowling had continued as the writer published statements comparing hormone treatment for transgender people to conversion therapy and fellow writer Margaret Atwood has now weighed in

Tuesday, 7th July 2020, 2:41 pm

The controversy concerning the writer initially occurred after she responded to an article discussing menstruation products, taking issue with the phrase people who menstruate.

She has since gone on to release personal essays about the subject, received backlash from fans and Harry Potter stars alike.

This is everything you need to know about the situation.

On Saturday 6 June, JK Rowling quote tweeted an article with the title: Opinion: Creating a more equal post-COVID-19 world for people who menstruate.

Rowling took issue with the phrasing, tweeting: People who menstruate. Im sure there used to be a word for those people. Someone help me out. Wumben? Wimpund? Woomud?

The tweet sparked criticism, with some users taking issue with Rowling appearing to define women as people who menstruate.

In response to Rowlings tweet, some Twitter users highlighted that transgender men experience menstruation, transgender women dont, and other gender identities across the spectrum could also experience periods as well.

Why are the authors tweets being called transphobic?

Rowlings insistence that only women experience menstruation has been criticised as being transphobic by some Twitter users, who have pointed out that her comments are just not accurate when it comes to people who menstruate.

One person wrote: Trans men who havent transitioned still menstruate.

Another tweeted: I know you know this because you have been told over and over and over again, but transgender men can menstruate. Non-binary people menstuate. I, a 37 year old woman with a uterus, have not menstruated in a decade. Women are not defined by their periods.

The official Clue Twitter, an app designed to track menstrual cycles, also responded to the tweet, writing: Hi @jk_rowling, using non-gendered language is about moving beyond the idea that woman = uterus. Feminists were once mocked for wanting to change sexist language, but its now common to say firefighter instead of fireman.

It seems awkward right now to say people who menstruate but this is just like changing other biased language. Menstruation is a biological function; not a woman thing. Its unnecessary to gender body parts and doing so can restrict healthcare access for those who need it.

LGBTQ+ organisation GLAAD (Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation) responded to Rowlings comments, tweeting: JK Rowling continues to align herself with an ideaology which willfully distorts facts about gender identity and people who are trans. In 2020, there is no excuse for targeting trans people.

GLAAD followed up by recommending people check out the Percy Jackson series by author Rick Riordan.

By the way, looking for some summer reading? Percy Jacson author Rick Riordan isnt transphobic #AllKidsDeserveRepresensation, the non-profit organisation wrote.

Rowling responded to the backlash by posting a series of tweets to defend her earlier statements.

She tweeted: I know and love trans people, but erasing the concept of sex removes the ability of many to meaningfully discuss their lives. It isnt hate to speak the truth.

The idea that women like me, whove been empathetic to trans people for decades, feeling kinship because theyre vulnerable in the same way as women - ie, to male violence - hate trans people because they think sex is real and has lived consequences - is nonsense.

These additional comments were also met with subsequent backlash, with users labelling Rowling a TERF which stands for Trans Exclusionary Radical Feminist.

One person replied to her tweets, writing: As a physician, I want people to know that sex exists on a bimodal biological specturm just like gender exists on a bimodal sociological spectrum. While most identify as either female or male, there are intersex and trans individuals who identities are just as valid and real.

Another wrote: Youre a smart person. How d you not yet understand the difference between sex and gender? The only way I can possibly explain your ignorance at this point is willfulness. Its incredibly disappointing.

Someone else tried to explain how Rowling equating sex and gender was wrong, writing: Were not saying sex isnt real. Were saying its different from gender. My assigned sex at birth was male. But I identify as a woman.

TV presenter Jonathan Ross, however, came to the writer's defence, tweeting: I just ate too many brownies. Again. Oh, and also. @jk_rowling is both right and magnificent. For those accusing her of transphobia, please read what she wrote. She clearly is not.

Ross daughter, Honey, on the other hand criticised Rowling for her comments hours after her father went to her defence.

Honey took to Instagram, sharing a photoshopped picture of the cover of Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix which had been changed to read Harry potter and the Audacity of This B***h. Honey then also shared a tweet by a user who accused Rowling of hating trans people.

Ross then returned to Twitter later to take back his initial support for Rowling, tweeting: These who know me will concede I try to be thoughtful & not a d***.

Having talk to some people (OK, my daughters) re my earlier tweet, Ive come to accept that Im not in a position to decide what is or isnt considered transphobic.

Whats the blog post that Rowling published about?

On 10 June, the author posted a tweet that read TERF wars with a link to her website for a blog post titled: J.K. Rowling writes about her reasons for speaking out on sex and gender issues.

In the post, she revealed her experience with domestic abuse and sexual assault for the first time.

She wrote: Im mentioning these things now not in an attempt to garner sympathy, but out of solidarity with the huge numbers of women who have histories like mine, whove been slurred as bigots for having concerns around single-sex spaces.

In the 3,600 word essay, Rowling writes about her struggles with sexism and misogyny, adding that reading accounts of gender dysphoira by trans men had made her wonder if Id been born 30 years later, I too might have tried to transition.

She wrote that she believed that misogyny and sexism were reasons behind the 4,400 per cent increase in the number of girls being referred for transitioning treatment in the past decade.

The essay has prompted heated debate online, with many Twitter users creating threads to debunk some claims about trans people that Rowling made in the essay, and with stars from the Harry Potter franchises responding to Rowlings comments.

Did she compare hormone treatment to gay conversion therapy?

On 5 July, Rowling began a new Twitter thread to respond to a tweet that read: Who had money on JK Rowling pivoting to supporting those who call people who take mental health medication lazy? I take daily medication to function, this sentiment is beyond offensive, it is actively harmful to millions.

In response, Rowling wrote: Ive ignored fake tweets attributed to me and RTed widely. Ive ignored porn tweeted at children on a thread about their art. Ive ignored death and rape threats. Im not going to ignore this. 1/11.

In the thread, Rowling discussed her own mental health challenges and how she herself has taken anti-depressants in the past to help her.

She went on to write: Many, myself included, believe we are watching a new kind of conversion therapy for young gay people, who are being set on a lifelong path of medicalisation that may result in the loss of their fertility and/or full sexual function.

She wrote that transition may be the answer for some, but not for all and posted a link to an account of a woman who destransitioned after briefly living as a trans man.

According to LGBT+ organisation Stonewall, detransitioning is extremely rare according to a 2019 study which showed that of the 3,398 trans patients who spoke to the NHS Gender Identity Service between 2016 and 2017, less than one per cent expressed regrets about transitioning or had detransitioned.

Her comments comparing hormone replacement therapy to gay conversion therapy has come under fire from a number of trans activists and allies.

Transgender model and activist Munroe Bergdorf tweeted: J.K. Rowling is not a scientist. She is not a doctor. She is not an expert on gender. She is not a supporter of our community.

She is a billionaire, cisgender, heterosexual, white woman who has decided she knows what is best for us and our bodies. This is not her fight.

She added: If you want to know what is best for trans people, listen to trans people.

Nikkie de Jager, a YouTube makeup artist and transgender woman, tweeted: and to think I was such a fan of Harry Potter. youre a disgrace @jk_rowling. you have no idea how much hurt youre causing. shame on you.

Artist Juno Birch also tweeted: "JK Rowling needs to be quiet immediately she is literally harming the trans community, she apparently just posted the clinic I went to as a child and said that they are experimenting on us, when in fact the Tavistock clinic saved my life.

What did Lloyd Russell-Moyle say?

Lloyd Russell-Moyle, a Labour MP, wrote an article in Tribune magazine which stated that the Harry Potter writer disclosure of experience of domestic abuse was part of a divide and rule tactic to undermine efforts to cement rights for transgender people.

In the article, Russell-Moyle wrote: Recently, of course, we saw people like JK Rowling using her own sexual assault as justification for discriminating against a group of people who were not responsible for it.

After the article sparked backlash against the MP, Russell-Moyle took to Twitter to issue an apology for his words.

He wrote: I want to apologies unreservedly about the comments in the article that I wrote that last in Tribune regarding Trans rights in which I mention J.K Rowling. J.K Rowlings first disclosures of domestic abuse and sexual assault in her recent article on Trans issues were heartfelt and must have been hard to say.

While I may disagree with some of her analysis on trans rights, it is wrong of me to suggest that she used her own dreadful experience in anything other than good faith. I have asked Tribune to remove the line in question.

How did Stephen King get involved?

Popular supernatural writer Stephen King got involved in the online controversy after retweeting a tweet by Rowling.

The tweet read: Andrea Dworkin wrote: Men often react to womens words speaking and writing as if they were acts of violence; sometimes men react to womens words with violence. It isnt hateful for women speak about their own experiences, nor do they deserve shaming for doing so. 8/9

The tweet was part of thread that Rowling wrote in response to the statements made by Russell-Moyle.

After her tweet was retweeted by King, Rowling wrote on Twitter: Ive always revered @StephenKing, but today my love reached maybe not Annie Wilkes levels but new heights.

Fans of the writer tweeted him to clarify his stance on transgender issues.

One wrote: You should address the TERF tweet. By telling us constant readers if you believe trans women are women.

King replied succinctly, writing: Yes. Trans women are women.

After his response to a fan affirming that trans women are women, Rowling subsequently deleted her tweet which praised The Shining author.

What did Margaret Atwood say?

The writer behind The Handmaid's Tale, Margaret Atwood, showed her support for the transgender community in a series of tweets on Monday 6 July.

She wrote: Some science here: When Sex and Gender Collide. #TransGenderWomen Biology doesnt deal in sealed Either/Or compartments. Were all part of a flowing Bell curve. Respect that! Rejoice in Natures infinite variety!

In the tweet, Atwood included a link to a Scientific American article titled The New Science of Sex and Gender: Why the new science of sex & gender matters for everyone.

Responding to critics, she followed up her tweets by writing: What the piece is talking about is that sex and gender dont always go together and are not experienced by all people in the same way. That appears to be undeniable.

Atwood followed up again on Twitter, writing: Nobody has said there arent men + women. But gender and sex are two different things.

How have Harry Potter stars responded?

Various members of the Harry Potter cast have taken to Twitter and other online platforms to respond to Rowlings comments.

Daniel Radcliffe, who played the titular character of Harry Potter himself in the film adaptations of Rowling's books, wrote a statement on the Trevor Project website, a charity that provides crisis intervention and suicide prevention for LGBTQ+ youth and one that Radcliffe has been involved with for over a decade.

Radcliffe wrote: While Jo is unquestionably responsible for the course my life has taken, as someone who has been honoured to work with and continues to contribute to The Trevor Project for the last decade, and just as a human being, I feel compelled to say something at this moment.

Transgender women are women. Any statement to the contrary erases the identity and dignity of transgender people and goes against all advice given by professional health care associations who have far more expertise on this subject matter than either Jo or I.

He added: It's clear that we need to do more to support transgender and nonbinary people, not invalidate their identities, and not cause further harm.

Emma Watson, who portrayed Hermione Granger, took to Twitter to write: Trans people are who they say they are and deserve to live their lives without being constantly questioned or told they arent who they say they are. I want my trans followers to know that I and so many other people around the world see you, respect you and love you for who you are.

I donate to @Mermaids_Gender and @mamacash. If you can, perhaps youll feel inclined to do the same.

All three stars the portrayed the trio in the films have now weighed in on the controversy, with Rupert Grint, who played Ron Weasely, also releasing a statement that said: I firmly stand with the trans community. Trans women are women. Trans men are men. We should all be entitled to live with love and without judgement.

Bonnie Wright, who played Ginny Weasley, tweeted: If Harry Potter was a source of love and belonging for you, that love is infinite and there to take without judgement or question. Transwomen are women. I see and love you, Bonnie x

Evanna Lynch, who plays Luna Lovegood in the Harry Potter series, shared screenshots from the iPhone notes app on Twitter responding to Rowlings comments.

The notes started by saying: I wanted to stay out of commenting on JKRs tweets because it feels impossible to address the subject on Twitter but I am so saddened to see trans people feeling abandoned by the HP community, so here are my thoughts.

The post continues: I disagree with her opinion that cis-women are the most vulnerable minority in this situation and I think shes on the wrong side of this debate.

Eddie Redmayne, who stars at Newt Scarmander in the Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them series, published a statement via Variety, which said: Respect for transgender people remains a cultural imperative, and over the years I have been trying to constantly educate myself. This is an ongoing process.

As someone who has worked with both J.K Rowling and members of the trans community, I wanted to make it absolutely clear where I stand. I disagree with Jos comments.

Redmayne continued: Trans women are women, trans men are men, and non-binary identities are valid. I would never want to speak on behalf of the community but I do know that my dear transgender friends and colleagues are tired of this constant questioning of their identities, which all too often results in violence and abuse. They simply want to live their lives peacefully, and its time to let them do so.

Warner Bros. also issued a statement in light of the controversy with Rowling.

The statement read: The events in the last several weeks have firmed our resolve as a company to confront difficult societal issues. Warner Bros. position on inclusiveness is well established, and fostering a diverse and inclusive culture has never been more important to our company and to our audiences around the world, the company said in a statement.

We deeply value the work of our storytellers who give so much of themselves in sharing their creations with us all. We recognize our responsibility to foster empathy and advocate understanding of all communities and all people, particularly those we work with and those we reach through our content.

Has Rowling made statements like this in the past?

Rowling has come under criticism before for similar comments in the past.

In December 2019, she came out in support of a researcher who had lost her job after saying a person could not change their biological sex.

The researcher, Maya Forstater, had lost her job after tweeting: Why I am so surprised at is that smart people who I admire, who are absolutely pro-science in other areas, and champion human rights & womens rights are tying themselves into knots to avoid saying the truth that men cannot change into women (because that might hurt men's feelings).

Rowling took to Twitter and wrote: Dress however you please. Call yourself whatever you like. Sleep with any consenting adult wholl have you. Live your best life in peace and security. But force women out of their jobs for stating that sex is real? #IStandWithMaya #ThisIsNotADrill.

GLAAD previously issued a statement in regards to Rowling's comments.

Anthony Ramon, head of talent at GLAAD, said: J.K Rowling, whose books gave kids hope that they could work together to create a better world, has now aligned herself with an anti-science ideology that denies the basic humanity of people who are transgender.

Trans men, trans women and non-binary people are not a threat, and to imply otherwise puts trans people at risk. Now is the time for allies who know and support trans people to speak up and support their fundamental right to be treated equally and fairly.

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JK Rowling on Twitter: why has the Harry Potter writer been accused of transphobia - and her latest tweets on conversion therapy explained - The...

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Endocrine Testing Market is Anticipated to Expand at a CAGR of 6.4% from 2019 to 2027 – Science Examiner

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These are the most valued tech startups in France in 2020 – Silicon Canals

The tech startup ecosystem in France is witnessing a spectacular growth, thanks to the fresh pool of aspirational entrepreneurs and investors. This substantial growth has led to numerous fundraising rounds in the country that take these French tech startups to the next level even during the pandemic crisis. Over the past few months, even while France was one of the worst-hit markets due to the COVID-19 outbreak, the investments in tech startups did not cease.

As per a report by Pitchbook, the most valued French tech startups have a joint value of over 6 billion. These companies operate across various industries including Artificial Intelligence, insurtech, and healthcare. Without further ado, heres the list of most valued tech startups in France so far.

Founder/s: Francis Nappez, Nicolas Brusson, Frederic MazzellaFounded year: 2006Funding: 405 million

Paris-based BlaBlaCar is a long-distance ride-sharing network. The carpooling service lets users connect with drivers who have empty seats and book seats online. As it allows commuters to share the ride, the cost per person is relatively lower than travelling alone.

Recently, the French carpooling platform that recently joined hands with Voi Technology to help make scooters reliable and easily available across big cities in France. As this move was during the COVID-19 crisis, the company had to launch the BlaBlaRide service adhering to the local regulations and guidelines.

Back in November 2018, BlaBlaCar secured nearly 100 million later stage VC funding from Socit Nationale des Chemins de fer Franais, Omnes Capital and Insight Partners, thereby reaching a valuation of 1.43 billion.

Founder/s: Jessy Bernal, Ivan Schneider, Stanislas Niox-ChateauFounded year: 2013Funding: 237 million

Doctolib is a French healthtech startup, which offers a software solution to doctors and hospitals. It is basically a doctor appointment booking app, which comes with an entire range of services that help refine and improve the efficiency of medical operations.

The subscription-based online medical appointment management service attained the unicorn status early in 2019 following the investment from General Atlantic, Bpifrance, Accel and others. Well, Doctolib secured 150 million funding, which increased its valuation to 1.13 billion.

Founders: Guillaume Lestrade, Thomas RebaudFounded year: 2016Funding: 269 million

French AI startup Meero aims to simplify the work of the photographer. From providing revenues and market research to invoicing, post-production, and delivery, Meero takes care of all the complicated, time-consuming tasks that plague the industry. The firm collaborates with hundreds and thousands of photographers all over the world so that they can create images for global brands.

Last year, Meero announced a Series C funding round of nearly 205 million led by Eurazeo Growth and Amsterdam-based VC, Prime Ventures. With this, the valuation of the startup that revolutionised the world of professional photography skyrocketed to 891 million.

Founder/s: Steve Anavi, Alexandre ProtFounded year: 2016Funding: 136 million

Qonto is a neobank for freelancers and SMEs that provides great customer support, transparency, and connection to carry out day-to-day business management. Qonto provides all the necessary tools to master the finances of an organisation. It is designed to make to simple to manage all transfers, debits, card payments, and small details.

Earlier this year, Qonto secured a Series C investment of 104 million from Tencent, Valar Ventures, Alven and DST Global among others, which marks the largest VC round in the French fintech industry to date. With this investment the valuation of the French neobank goes up to 811 million.

Founder/s: Ludovic Le Moan, Christophe FourtetFounded year: 2010Funding: 284 million

Sigfox works with a vision to connect every object in the physical world with the digital universe. It is a platform that provides wireless connectivity services for the IoT devices. The global network of Sigfox complements existing connectivity systems and paves the way for two-way, energy-efficient transmission of small quantities of data over long distances.

Back in 2017, Sigfox announced the closure of an undisclosed amount of funding from Khazanah Nasional Berhad to enhance its deployment in the Asian markets. This venture funding round took its valuation to 600 million.

Founder/s: Acher Criou, Emmanuel Freund, Asher Kagan, Stphane HliotFounded year: 2015Funding: NA

Paris-based Blade is the developer of a dematerialised computer intended to offer cloud gaming servers required to play high-end games through any PC. The companys servers are exploitable on any screen and offer access to a virtual high-end computer along with running thousands of virtual machines on server-grade Intel Xeon processors enabling users to get more power and reactivity.

Earlier this year, Blade, which revolutionises cloud computing, raised funding from LG Electronics. The amount that it raised remains undisclosed but it has secured a position among the most valued French tech startups with a valuation of 335 million.

Founder/s: Charles Gorintin, Jean-Charles SamuelianFounded year: 2016Funding: 125 million

Paris-based digital health insurance platform Alan offers hassle-free digital health insurance solutions to users with an excellent price-quality ratio health plan. This digital insurance platform makes coverage, claims, and reimbursements for both users and medical professionals. Alan also lets users access video calls and appointments.

A few months back, Alan secured 50 million Series C funding from Index Ventures and Temasek. With the latest investment, Alans valuation stands at 314 million and its total funding is 125 million.

Founder/s: Jean-Philippe COMBAL, Gloria Gonzalez-AseguinolazaFounded year: 2016Funding: 84.3 million

Paris-based gene therapy biotech company Vivet Therapeutics is dedicated to developing treatments for liver disorders that have been inherited. The company uses its proprietary treatment for Wilson disease, which is a rare, devastating, chronic and potentially life-threatening liver disorder. This company is building a diversified gene therapy pipeline based on novel adeno-associated virus (AAV) technologies.

In March 2019, Vivet Therapeutics bagged 45 million investment from Pfizer to advance its pipeline of gene therapy programs. This takes the overall funding secured by the French biotech firm to nearly 84 million and its valuation is around 300 million.

Founder/s: David Durrleman, Eric Sibony, Jeremy JawishFounded year: 2014Funding: 89.2 million

Shift Technology is a Paris-based startup providing AI-based fraud detection for the global insurance industry. It offers a fraud detection solution called FORCE, which is used by insurers all over the world across all business sectors. This French AI startup provides fraud handlers with a decision-making platform that will scale their capacity and give them more efficiency in claims processing.

Last year, Shift Technology secured 53 million Series C funding led by Bessemer Venture Partners along with participation from its existing investors such as General Catalyst, Accel and Iris Capital. With this, the valuation of the company is now 277 million.

Main image picture credits: BlaBlaCar

Check out the innovations that took home the Blue Tulip Awards this 2020

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These are the most valued tech startups in France in 2020 - Silicon Canals

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Global Gene Therapy Market Key Drivers and Statistics Analysis 2020-2024 | Kite Pharma, BioVex, Novartis, Spark Therapeutics – Owned

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Global Gene Therapy Market Key Drivers and Statistics Analysis 2020-2024 | Kite Pharma, BioVex, Novartis, Spark Therapeutics - Owned

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It gives a six-year forecast evaluated on the basis of how the market is predicted to grow.

It assists in making informed business decisions by performing a pin-point analysis of market segments and by having complete insights of the Gene Therapy For Inherited Genetic Disorders market.

This report helps the readers understand key product segments and their future.

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In the end, the Gene Therapy For Inherited Genetic Disorders market is analyzed for revenue, sales, price, and gross margin. These points are examined for companies, types, applications, and regions.

To summarize, the global Gene Therapy For Inherited Genetic Disorders market report studies the contemporary market to forecast the growth prospects, challenges, opportunities, risks, threats, and the trends observed in the market that can either propel or curtail the growth rate of the industry. The market factors impacting the global sector also include provincial trade policies, international trade disputes, entry barriers, and other regulatory restrictions.

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Gene Therapy For Inherited Genetic Disorders Market Growth By Manufacturers, Type And Application, Forecast To 2026 - 3rd Watch News

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Gene Therapy For CNS Disorders Market Growth By Manufacturers, Type And Application, Forecast To 2026 – 3rd Watch News

New Jersey, United States,- Market Research Intellect sheds light on the market scope, potential, and performance perspective of the Global Gene Therapy For CNS Disorders Market by carrying out an extensive market analysis. Pivotal market aspects like market trends, the shift in customer preferences, fluctuating consumption, cost volatility, the product range available in the market, growth rate, drivers and constraints, financial standing, and challenges existing in the market are comprehensively evaluated to deduce their impact on the growth of the market in the coming years. The report also gives an industry-wide competitive analysis, highlighting the different market segments, individual market share of leading players, and the contemporary market scenario and the most vital elements to study while assessing the global Gene Therapy For CNS Disorders market.

The research study includes the latest updates about the COVID-19 impact on the Gene Therapy For CNS Disorders sector. The outbreak has broadly influenced the global economic landscape. The report contains a complete breakdown of the current situation in the ever-evolving business sector and estimates the aftereffects of the outbreak on the overall economy.

Leading Gene Therapy For CNS Disorders manufacturers/companies operating at both regional and global levels:

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The Gene Therapy For CNS Disorders market report provides successfully marked contemplated policy changes, favorable circumstances, industry news, developments, and trends. This information can help readers fortify their market position. It packs various parts of information gathered from secondary sources, including press releases, web, magazines, and journals as numbers, tables, pie-charts, and graphs. The information is verified and validated through primary interviews and questionnaires. The data on growth and trends focuses on new technologies, market capacities, raw materials, CAPEX cycle, and the dynamic structure of the Gene Therapy For CNS Disorders market.

This study analyzes the growth of Gene Therapy For CNS Disorders based on the present, past and futuristic data and will render complete information about the Gene Therapy For CNS Disorders industry to the market-leading industry players that will guide the direction of the Gene Therapy For CNS Disorders market through the forecast period. All of these players are analyzed in detail so as to get details concerning their recent announcements and partnerships, product/services, and investment strategies, among others.

Sales Forecast:

The report contains historical revenue and volume that backing information about the market capacity, and it helps to evaluate conjecture numbers for key areas in the Gene Therapy For CNS Disorders market. Additionally, it includes a share of each segment of the Gene Therapy For CNS Disorders market, giving methodical information about types and applications of the market.

Reasons for Buying Gene Therapy For CNS Disorders Market Report

This report gives a forward-looking prospect of various factors driving or restraining market growth.

It renders an in-depth analysis for changing competitive dynamics.

It presents a detailed analysis of changing competition dynamics and puts you ahead of competitors.

It gives a six-year forecast evaluated on the basis of how the market is predicted to grow.

It assists in making informed business decisions by performing a pin-point analysis of market segments and by having complete insights of the Gene Therapy For CNS Disorders market.

This report helps the readers understand key product segments and their future.

Have Any Query? Ask Our Expert @ https://www.marketresearchintellect.com/need-customization/?rid=175792&utm_source=3WN&utm_medium=888

In the end, the Gene Therapy For CNS Disorders market is analyzed for revenue, sales, price, and gross margin. These points are examined for companies, types, applications, and regions.

To summarize, the global Gene Therapy For CNS Disorders market report studies the contemporary market to forecast the growth prospects, challenges, opportunities, risks, threats, and the trends observed in the market that can either propel or curtail the growth rate of the industry. The market factors impacting the global sector also include provincial trade policies, international trade disputes, entry barriers, and other regulatory restrictions.

About Us:

Market Research Intellect provides syndicated and customized research reports to clients from various industries and organizations with the aim of delivering functional expertise. We provide reports for all industries including Energy, Technology, Manufacturing and Construction, Chemicals and Materials, Food and Beverage, and more. These reports deliver an in-depth study of the market with industry analysis, the market value for regions and countries, and trends that are pertinent to the industry.

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Turning the phage on antibiotic therapy – The Fish Site

A recent review in the journal Antibiotics has outlined the potential treatment and preventative potential of bacteriophages in aquaculture, arguing that phages could be successfully replace antibiotic treatments if the appropriate safety and regulatory challenges are met.

In the review, the researchers explore the benefits and constraints of bacteriophage therapy, identifying the potential treatment opportunities and the practical challenges producers could face when adopting them.

Despite growing demand and production of farmed fish, the sectors resilience shouldnt be taken for granted. Aquaculture faces significant challenges from disease, especially bacterial infections. These pathogens cause huge economic losses each year and negatively impact fish welfare.

Though antibiotics can treat most bacterial infections in farmed fish, there are noted drawbacks to their use. Antibiotics target all bacterial cells in their environment. This means that pathogenic and beneficial bacteria will both be destroyed, leading to environmental and biological drawbacks. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is another concern. The transfer of resistance genes between bacteria has been well documented and is becoming a more pressing issue in both animal and human health. Because of these trends, researchers are exploring alternatives to antibiotic therapy.

Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria. Researchers have been aware of their therapeutic potential for decades, but they havent been widely deployed because antibiotics have been readily available and cost-effective. However, since bacterial pathogens are becoming more resistant to antibiotics and countries are restricting their use in agriculture and aquaculture, researchers are exploring phages as treatments for bacterial diseases.

Biologists categorise phages as either virulent or temperate. When virulent phages infect bacteria, the cell walls are broken down the host is destroyed. This process limits the possibility of gene transfer, making virulent phages ideal treatment options for bacterial disease.

The Health and Welfare of Atlantic Salmon course

It is vital that fish farm operatives who are responsible for farmed fish are trained in their health andwelfare. This will help to ensure that fish are free from disease and suffering whilst at the same timepromote good productivity and comply with legislation.

Conversely, temperate phages dont immediately destroy the host cell. Instead, the phages insert their own genome into the bacterial cell, making it produce multiple copies of the phage genome before breaking down. This type of infection is associated with horizontal gene transfer meaning that these phages shouldnt be used to treat bacterial disease.

Since bacteriophages are targeted to infect specific bacteria, researchers have suggested creating phage cocktails, where various phages are mixed and deployed to treat disease challenges. This will allow producers to get the most benefit from the treatment.

Though bacteriophage therapy for aquaculture is still in the exploratory phase, it has huge potential. Ecologically speaking, bacteriophages are abundant in nature. Its relatively easy for researchers to isolate virulent phages as potential therapies. Phages are also cheaper to develop than antibiotics.

From a biological perspective, as phages act directly on target bacteria, they can neutralise pathogens without harming beneficial bacteria or causing side effects. Since many phage species are self-replicating and self-limiting (especially if theyre virulent), they dont carry the same risks as other therapies. The researchers also note that phages dont leave environmental toxins or residues after they have been administered.

Experimental data indicates that bacteriophages can be more effective than antibiotics at treating and preventing infectious diseases. Trial data also show that phages can successfully treat multi-drug-resistant strains of bacteria. They have also been able to clear biofilms. The researchers suggest that bacteriophages can be used as biocontrol agents ensuring that the aquaculture environment remains pathogen-free during production.

Despite the potential, there are some noted drawbacks with bacteriophages. Biologically speaking, the narrow host range of bacteriophages can be a double-edged sword. This is especially true if producers need to treat multiple or genetically unrelated strains of bacteria. Mutation is an additional concern for both phages and the bacteria they target. The researchers note that some bacteria can become phage-resistant and phages can play a role in horizontal gene transfer. Like antibiotics, researchers will have to constantly monitor the use of bacteriophages to stay ahead of the mutations.

From a practical perspective, researchers still need to shore up phage resilience and identify the best way to administer them. Currently, its difficult for bacteriophages to reach target bacteria before being cleared by the hosts immune system or other environmental conditions. The effectiveness of phages will also depend on production factors. Since bacteriophages are protein-based, conditions like water temperature, pH, water salinity and production density can impact their effectiveness. Researchers will need to develop ways to encapsulate bacteriophages and develop phage cocktails that can be used in real-world conditions.

BioMar

Regulations and legislation remain one of the biggest obstacles for bacteriophage use. As of publication in 2020, there arent any dedicated phage therapies approved for the aquaculture sector. The existing regulatory framework in the EU isnt conducive for developing phage therapies. In the EU, phages must be registered individually making the development burden for phage cocktails needlessly difficult.

However, the safety concerns shouldnt be immediately discounted. The researchers stress that limited evidence of risk isnt the same as no risk. Regulators need to balance those concerns to make sure aquaculture can safely contend with bacterial and AMR challenges.

Another consideration for the aquaculture sector is whether bacteriophages will be used as a treatment for bacterial infections or as part of routine prophylaxis. The research on both strategies is mixed, with some trials indicating that using phages as preventative treatments is more beneficial and others suggesting the opposite.

The researchers note that scientists are trying to identify phages that fit into goldilocks conditions. The fish farming sector needs bacteriophages that are strictly virulent, can be easily produced, easily stored, arent able to perform gene transfer and that are free from any virulence genes it will be difficult to achieve all of those targets simultaneously.

For the time being, the key challenge is striking the right balance between the desired and unwanted aspects of each bacteriophage. Future research needs to focus on performance during in vivo trials, eliminating negative side-effects and shoring up the products safety.

Read the full review in the journal Antibiotics.

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Turning the phage on antibiotic therapy - The Fish Site

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Podcast: Let the light shineTackling eye disease with gene therapy – Genetic Literacy Project

In this episode, supported by the UK Medical Research Council, geneticist Kat Arney and reporter Georgia Mills explore how researchers are letting the light shine in, literally, by uncovering the underlying genetic faults that cause eye diseases and developing game-changing gene therapies to save sight.

Mills speaks with sight loss charity campaigner and fundraiser Ken Reid about his experiences of living with the genetic eye condition Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP)a hereditary disease that causes the gradual degeneration of light-sensitive cells in the back of the eye. He first realized that something was wrong with his sight when he was a party-going teenager in the 1970s.

I always had very poor eyesight and couldnt understand how people could do things in the dark, he says. Most people probably dont remember what discos in the 70s were like, but they were just dark. You had this lovely interaction where it was very noisy, it was very dark and there were some flashing lights. I could see nothing and trying to find somebody to dance with was a real torment. I didnt know how people managed it!

At the MRC Human Genetics Unit in Edinburgh, Chloe Stanton is searching for the gene faults that underpin RP and other hereditary eye diseases, with more than 100 RP genes identified so far. To find out more about what all these genes actually do, her colleague Roly Megaw is growing tiny mini-eyes in the lab from reprogrammed stem cells originally derived from skin samples including one from Reid himself.

Finally, Robin Ali at Kings College London is running clinical trials of gene therapy for inherited eye disorders. Theres been impressive progress in recent years, and Ali is hopeful that treatments will come through for people like Reid.

In the 25 years Ive been working on developing gene therapy for retinal degeneration, weve seen huge advances. I think we couldnt imagine how far we could come. I remember when I first started, we were working out ways to deliver genes to the retina and we were pleased if we saw just one or two cells that had taken up a virus and maybe expressing a gene for a couple of weeks. We are now able to rescue dozens of different animal models highly effectively. Its just a matter of time until this technology can be applied as effectively to humans.

Full transcript, links and references available online at GeneticsUnzipped.com

Genetics Unzippedis the podcast from the UKGenetics Society,presented by award-winning science communicator and biologistKat Arneyand produced byFirst Create the Media.Follow Kat on Twitter@Kat_Arney,Genetics Unzipped@geneticsunzip,and the Genetics Society at@GenSocUK

Listen to Genetics Unzipped onApple Podcasts(iTunes)Google Play,Spotify,orwherever you get your podcasts

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Podcast: Let the light shineTackling eye disease with gene therapy - Genetic Literacy Project

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Which drug developers offer Trump a quick, game-changing ‘solution’ as the pandemic roars back? Eli Lilly and AbCellera look to break out of the pack…

We are unleashing our nations scientific brilliance and will likely have a therapeutic and/or vaccine solution long before the end of the year.

Donald Trump, July 4

Next week administration officials plan to promote a new study they say shows promising results on therapeutics, the officials said. They wouldnt describe the study in any further detail because, they said, its disclosure would be market-moving.

NBC News, July 3

Somethings cooking. And its not just July 4 leftovers involving stale buns and uneaten hot dogs.

Over the long weekend observers picked up signs that the focus in the Trump administration may swiftly shift from the bright spotlight on vaccines being promised this fall, around the time of the election, to include drugs that could possibly keep patients out of the hospital and take the political sting out of the soaring Covid-19 numbers causing embarrassment in states that swiftly reopened as Trump cheered along.

So far, Gilead has been the chief beneficiary of the drive on drugs, swiftly offering enough early data to get remdesivir an emergency authorization and into the hands of the US government. But their drug, while helpful in cutting stays, is known for a limited, modest effect. And that wont tamp down on the hurricane of criticism thats been tearing at the White House, and buffeting the presidents most stalwart core defenders as the economy suffers.

Weve had positive early-stage vaccine data, most recently from Pfizer and BioNTech, playing catchup on an mRNA race led by Moderna where every little sign of potential trouble is magnified into a lethal threat, just as every advance excites a frenzy of support. But that race still has months to play out, with more Phase I data due ahead of the mid-stage numbers looming ahead. A vaccine may not be available in large enough quantities until well into 2021, which is still wildly ambitious.

So what about a drug solution?

Trumps initial support for a panacea focused on hydroxychloroquine. But that fizzled in the face of data underscoring its ineffectiveness killing trials that arent likely to be restarted because of a recent population-based study offering some support. And there are a number of existing drugs being repurposed to see how they help hospitalized patients.

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Gene Targeted Therapy Market 2020 by Industry Size, Top Countries Data, Growth Opportunities, COVID-19 Impact, Emerging Technologies, Trends, Growth,…

Gene Targeted Therapy Market Global Industry Research Report 2020 provides a detailed analysis of market size, share, growth, trends, industry overview, and 2024 forecast. Then it analyzes the worlds main region Gene Targeted Therapy market conditions, including the product price, revenue factors, sales distribution, and regional segmentation. The Gene Targeted Therapy report introduces a new project SWOT analysis and investment return analysis.

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Development policies, investment plans, cost structures, capacity are discussed as well as growth rate, manufacturing processes, economic growth are analyzed. This Gene Targeted Therapy research report also states import/export data, industry supply and consumption figures as well as cost structure, price, industry revenue (Million USD) and gross margin by regions like (North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific) and the main countries (United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Japan, South Korea and China, etc.)

The major players profiled in this report include:

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Gene Targeted Therapy Industry research report is a meticulous investigation of the current scenario of the Gene Targeted Therapy global and regional market, which covers several industry dynamics. The Gene Targeted Therapy market research report is a resource, which provides current as well as upcoming technical and financial details with market risk, growing demand and raw materials. The thorough analysis in this Gene Targeted Therapy report enables investors, CEOs, regional traders, suppliers, top vendors to understand the market in a better way and based on that knowledge make well-informed decisions.

The end users/applications and product categories analysis:On the basis of product, this report displays the sales volume, revenue (Million USD), product price, market share and growth rate of each type, primarily split into-General Type

On the basis on the end users/applications, this report focuses on the status and outlook for major applications/end users, sales volume, market share and growth rate of Gene Targeted Therapy for each application, including-Medical

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Gene Targeted Therapy Market Report Table of Contents:

Chapter 1 Gene Targeted Therapy Market Executive Summary

Chapter 2 Gene Targeted Therapy Abbreviation and Acronyms

Chapter 3 Gene Targeted Therapy Preface

Chapter 4 Gene Targeted Therapy Market Landscape

Chapter 5 Gene Targeted Therapy Market Trend Analysis

Chapter 6 Gene Targeted Therapy Industry Chain Analysis

Chapter 7 Latest Gene Targeted Therapy Market Dynamics

Chapter 8 Gene Targeted Therapy Trading Analysis

Chapter 9 Historical and Current Gene Targeted Therapy in North America (2014-2019)

Chapter 10 Historical and Current Gene Targeted Therapy in South America (2014-2019)

Chapter 11 Historical and Current Gene Targeted Therapy in Asia & Pacific (2014-2019)

Chapter 12 Historical and Current Gene Targeted Therapy in Europe (2014-2019)

Chapter 13 Historical and Current Gene Targeted Therapy in MEA (2014-2019)

Chapter 14 Summary for Global Gene Targeted Therapy (2014-2019)

Chapter 15 Global Gene Targeted Therapy Forecast (2020-2024)

Chapter 16 Gene Targeted Therapy Analysis of Global Key Vendors

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Biologics Safety Testing Market: Understand The Key Growth Drivers Developments And Innovations – Jewish Life News

Biologics Safety Testing Marketreport provides in-depth COVID19 impact analysis ofMarket Overview, Product Scope, Market Drivers, Trends, Opportunities,Market Driving Force and Market Risks. It also profile the topmost prime manufacturers (Lonza Group, Charles River, Merck, SGS, WuXi AppTec, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Sartorius, Cytovance Biologics, Pace Analytical Services, Toxikon) are analyzed emphatically by competitive landscape contrast, with respect toPrice, Sales,Capacity, Import, Export, Consumption, Gross, Gross Margin, Revenue and Market Share. Biologics Safety Testing industry breakdown data are shown at the regional level, to show the sales, revenue and growth by regions.Biologics Safety Testing Market describe Biologics Safety Testing Sales Channel,Distributors, Customers, Research Findings and Conclusion, Appendix and Data Source.

Key Target Audience of Biologics Safety Testing Market:Manufacturers of Biologics Safety Testing, Raw material suppliers, Market research and consulting firms, Government bodies such as regulating authorities and policy makers, Organizations, forums and alliances related to Biologics Safety Testing market.

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In-Depth Qualitative Analyses Include Identification and Investigation Of The Following Aspects:Biologics Safety Testing Market Structure, Growth Drivers, Restraints and Challenges, Emerging Product Trends & Market Opportunities, Porters Fiver Forces.

Summary of Biologics Safety Testing Market:Biologics are advanced drugs used in treatment of cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and other diseases. These biologics constitutes large molecules such as monoclonal antibodies, recombinant proteins and their safety ensures patient safety as these are used in the treatment of different diseases.

On the basis on the end users/applications,this report focuses on the status and outlook for major applications/end users, sales volume, market share and growth rate of Biologics Safety Testing market foreach application, including-

Vaccine Development Blood Products Testing Cellular & Gene Therapy Tissue and Tissue-Related Products Testing Stem Cell Research

On the basis of product,this report displays the sales volume, revenue (Million USD), product price, market share and growth rate ofeach type, primarily split into-

Endotoxin Tests Sterility Tests Cell Line Authentication and Characterization Tests Bioburden Tests Cell Line Authentication Residual Host Contaminant Detection Tests Adventitious Agent Detection Tests Others

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Important Biologics Safety Testing Market Data Available In This Report:

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Industrial Chocolate Market Growth By Manufacturers, Type And Application, Forecast To 2026 – 3rd Watch News

New Jersey, United States,- Market Research Intellect sheds light on the market scope, potential, and performance perspective of the Global Industrial Chocolate Market by carrying out an extensive market analysis. Pivotal market aspects like market trends, the shift in customer preferences, fluctuating consumption, cost volatility, the product range available in the market, growth rate, drivers and constraints, financial standing, and challenges existing in the market are comprehensively evaluated to deduce their impact on the growth of the market in the coming years. The report also gives an industry-wide competitive analysis, highlighting the different market segments, individual market share of leading players, and the contemporary market scenario and the most vital elements to study while assessing the global Industrial Chocolate market.

The research study includes the latest updates about the COVID-19 impact on the Industrial Chocolate sector. The outbreak has broadly influenced the global economic landscape. The report contains a complete breakdown of the current situation in the ever-evolving business sector and estimates the aftereffects of the outbreak on the overall economy.

Leading Industrial Chocolate manufacturers/companies operating at both regional and global levels:

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The Industrial Chocolate market report provides successfully marked contemplated policy changes, favorable circumstances, industry news, developments, and trends. This information can help readers fortify their market position. It packs various parts of information gathered from secondary sources, including press releases, web, magazines, and journals as numbers, tables, pie-charts, and graphs. The information is verified and validated through primary interviews and questionnaires. The data on growth and trends focuses on new technologies, market capacities, raw materials, CAPEX cycle, and the dynamic structure of the Industrial Chocolate market.

This study analyzes the growth of Industrial Chocolate based on the present, past and futuristic data and will render complete information about the Industrial Chocolate industry to the market-leading industry players that will guide the direction of the Industrial Chocolate market through the forecast period. All of these players are analyzed in detail so as to get details concerning their recent announcements and partnerships, product/services, and investment strategies, among others.

Sales Forecast:

The report contains historical revenue and volume that backing information about the market capacity, and it helps to evaluate conjecture numbers for key areas in the Industrial Chocolate market. Additionally, it includes a share of each segment of the Industrial Chocolate market, giving methodical information about types and applications of the market.

Reasons for Buying Industrial Chocolate Market Report

This report gives a forward-looking prospect of various factors driving or restraining market growth.

It renders an in-depth analysis for changing competitive dynamics.

It presents a detailed analysis of changing competition dynamics and puts you ahead of competitors.

It gives a six-year forecast evaluated on the basis of how the market is predicted to grow.

It assists in making informed business decisions by performing a pin-point analysis of market segments and by having complete insights of the Industrial Chocolate market.

This report helps the readers understand key product segments and their future.

Have Any Query? Ask Our Expert @ https://www.marketresearchintellect.com/need-customization/?rid=304731&utm_source=3WN&utm_medium=888

In the end, the Industrial Chocolate market is analyzed for revenue, sales, price, and gross margin. These points are examined for companies, types, applications, and regions.

To summarize, the global Industrial Chocolate market report studies the contemporary market to forecast the growth prospects, challenges, opportunities, risks, threats, and the trends observed in the market that can either propel or curtail the growth rate of the industry. The market factors impacting the global sector also include provincial trade policies, international trade disputes, entry barriers, and other regulatory restrictions.

About Us:

Market Research Intellect provides syndicated and customized research reports to clients from various industries and organizations with the aim of delivering functional expertise. We provide reports for all industries including Energy, Technology, Manufacturing and Construction, Chemicals and Materials, Food and Beverage, and more. These reports deliver an in-depth study of the market with industry analysis, the market value for regions and countries, and trends that are pertinent to the industry.

Contact Us:

Mr. Steven Fernandes

Market Research Intellect

New Jersey ( USA )

Tel: +1-650-781-4080

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Impact of COVID-19 on PREIMPLANTATION GENETIC TESTING MARKET: 2020 GLOBAL INDUSTRY SIZE, SEGMENTS, REGIONAL OUTLOOK, DEVELOPMENT STATUS, KEY PLAYERS…

The Global Preimplantation Genetic Testing Market is the increasing awareness about preimplantation genetic testing among people suffering from genetic disorders is expected to drive demand for preimplantation genetic testing procedures.

The growth of this market is majorly driven by the rising rate of infertility across the globe, increasing number of fertility clinics worldwide, public-private investments in the field of preimplantation genetic testing, technological advancements in the field of genetic analysis, and the high risk of chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus with increasing maternal age.

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Factors, such the high costs incurred in the PGD technologies hamper the growth of the market.

Growth initiatives by key market players and growing medical tourism in the forecast period will offer lucrative opportunities in the market.

Based on procedure type the market is segmented into Preimplantation Genetic Screening, Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis. The genetic screening segment accounted for the largest share due to continuous decline in female fertility (due to rising maternal age) and benefits offered by PGS, such as increased chances of healthy pregnancy across all age groups.

Based on end user, the Preimplantation Genetic Testing market is segmented into Maternity Centers & Fertility Clinics, Hospitals, Diagnostic Labs, and Service Providers.

Regionally, North America accounted for the largest share of the global preimplantation genetic testing market in 2016, followed by Europe. The large share in the North American region is mainly attributed to the rising number of IVF procedures.

Some of the key players operating in this market includeIllumina, Inc. (U.S.), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. (U.S.), Agilent Technologies, Inc. (U.S.), PerkinElmer, Inc. (U.S.), CooperSurgical, Inc. (U.S.), and Beijing Genomics Institute (BGI) (China)

Key Benefits of the Report:

* Global, Regional, Country, Procedure type, and End-User of Molecule Market Size and Forecast from 2014-2025

* Detailed market dynamics, industry outlook with market specific PESTLE, Value Chain, Supply Chain, and SWOT Analysis to better understand the market and build strategies

* Identification of key companies that can influence this market on a global and regional scale

* Expert interviews and their insights on market shift, current and future outlook and factors impacting vendors short term and long term strategies

* Detailed insights on emerging regions, Procedure type & End-user of molecule, and competitive landscape with qualitative and quantitative information and facts.

Global Preimplantation Genetic Testing Industry 2020 Market Research Report is spread across 121 pages and provides exclusive vital statistics, data, information, trends and competitive landscape details in this niche sector.

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Target Audience:

* Preimplantation Genetic Testing providers

* Traders, Importer and Exporter

* Raw material suppliers and distributors

* Research and consulting firms

* Government and research organizations

* Associations and industry bodies.

Research Methodology: The market is derived through extensive use of secondary, primary, in-house research followed by expert validation and third party perspective like analyst report of investment banks. The secondary research forms the base of our study where we conducted extensive data mining, referring to verified data sources such as government and regulatory published materials, technical journals, trade magazines, and paid data sources.

For forecasting, regional demand & supply factor, investment, market dynamics including technical scenario, consumer behavior, and end use industry trends and dynamics , capacity Production, spending were taken into consideration.

We have assigned weights to these parameters and quantified their market impacts using the weighted average analysis to derive the expected market growth rate.

The market estimates and forecasts have been verified through exhaustive primary research with the Key Industry Participants (KIPs) which typically include:

* Original Equipment Manufacturer,

* Component Supplier,

* Distributors,

* Government Body & Associations, and

* Research Institute.

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Table Of Content

1 Executive Summary

2 Methodology And Market Scope

3 Preimplantation Genetic Testing Market Industry Outlook

4 Preimplantation Genetic Testing Market Type Outlook

5 Preimplantation Genetic Testing Market Application Outlook

6 Preimplantation Genetic Testing Market Regional Outlook

7 Competitive Landscape

End Of The Report

Disclaimer

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Impact of COVID-19 on PREIMPLANTATION GENETIC TESTING MARKET: 2020 GLOBAL INDUSTRY SIZE, SEGMENTS, REGIONAL OUTLOOK, DEVELOPMENT STATUS, KEY PLAYERS...

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Global Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Testing (DTC-GT) Market 2020 by Company, Regions, Type and Application, Forecast to 2026 – Jewish Life News

MarketsandResearch.biz adds a new report titled Global Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Testing (DTC-GT) Market 2020 by Company, Regions, Type and Application, Forecast to 2026 to its online database. The report offers a detailed overview of the factors, the latest market insights with upcoming trends, and breakdown of the products and services. The report presents information on industry trends, top manufacturers, product, material and application, and manufacturers. The study provides key statistics on the market status, size, share, growth factors of the global Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Testing (DTC-GT) market. The report is formulated with respect to the regional landscape of the market incorporating extensive details about the types and application spectrums of this business space. The document covers the emerging players data, including competitive situation, sales, revenue, and global market share.

Market Outline:

The report analyzes the global Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Testing (DTC-GT) market size and share of each separate segment in the market. Substantial information about the company revenue, production, price, as well as gross margins has been provided. In addition, it delivers details regarding the basic information of every prominent rival in the business, manufacturing base, and the business overview, as well as SWOT examination, sales, value, capacity, regional market examination, and market forecast for 2020 to 2026 time-period. The key geographical regions are analyzed in terms of the parameters such as production, market share in terms of the manufacturers as well as with regards to application and type. A detailed analysis of the market drivers and the emerging regional markets has also been segmented separately in the report.

DOWNLOAD FREE SAMPLE REPORT: https://www.marketsandresearch.biz/sample-request/54613

Based on the product types, market types split into: Over-the-Counter (OTC) Channel, Online Channel

By application, the market is split into: Ancestry-based Genetic Tests, Health and Wellness-based Genetic Tests, Entertainment-based Genetic Tests,

Our best analysts have surveyed the market report with the reference of inventories and data given by the key players: Family Tree DNA, MyHeritage, EasyDNA, Ancestry.com LLC, 24Genetics, Dante Labs, Atlas Biomed, Genebase, Mapmygenome,

Market size segmentation by region & countries: North America (United States, Canada and Mexico), Europe (Germany, France, UK, Russia and Italy), Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, Korea, India and Southeast Asia), South America (Brazil, Argentina, Colombia etc.), Middle East and Africa (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, Nigeria and South Africa)

Market Executive Outline: This section comprises the key investigations, market development rate, serious scene, market drivers, patterns, and issues notwithstanding the naturally visible pointers. It discusses gross margin, sales, revenue, production, market share, CAGR, and market size by region. The report offers a complete forecast of the global Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Testing (DTC-GT) Market by product, application, and region.

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Global Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Testing (DTC-GT) Market 2020 by Company, Regions, Type and Application, Forecast to 2026 - Jewish Life News

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Direct-Access Genetic Testing Market Growth By Manufacturers, Type And Application, Forecast To 2026 – 3rd Watch News

New Jersey, United States,- Market Research Intellect sheds light on the market scope, potential, and performance perspective of the Global Direct-Access Genetic Testing Market by carrying out an extensive market analysis. Pivotal market aspects like market trends, the shift in customer preferences, fluctuating consumption, cost volatility, the product range available in the market, growth rate, drivers and constraints, financial standing, and challenges existing in the market are comprehensively evaluated to deduce their impact on the growth of the market in the coming years. The report also gives an industry-wide competitive analysis, highlighting the different market segments, individual market share of leading players, and the contemporary market scenario and the most vital elements to study while assessing the global Direct-Access Genetic Testing market.

The research study includes the latest updates about the COVID-19 impact on the Direct-Access Genetic Testing sector. The outbreak has broadly influenced the global economic landscape. The report contains a complete breakdown of the current situation in the ever-evolving business sector and estimates the aftereffects of the outbreak on the overall economy.

Leading Direct-Access Genetic Testing manufacturers/companies operating at both regional and global levels:

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The Direct-Access Genetic Testing market report provides successfully marked contemplated policy changes, favorable circumstances, industry news, developments, and trends. This information can help readers fortify their market position. It packs various parts of information gathered from secondary sources, including press releases, web, magazines, and journals as numbers, tables, pie-charts, and graphs. The information is verified and validated through primary interviews and questionnaires. The data on growth and trends focuses on new technologies, market capacities, raw materials, CAPEX cycle, and the dynamic structure of the Direct-Access Genetic Testing market.

This study analyzes the growth of Direct-Access Genetic Testing based on the present, past and futuristic data and will render complete information about the Direct-Access Genetic Testing industry to the market-leading industry players that will guide the direction of the Direct-Access Genetic Testing market through the forecast period. All of these players are analyzed in detail so as to get details concerning their recent announcements and partnerships, product/services, and investment strategies, among others.

Sales Forecast:

The report contains historical revenue and volume that backing information about the market capacity, and it helps to evaluate conjecture numbers for key areas in the Direct-Access Genetic Testing market. Additionally, it includes a share of each segment of the Direct-Access Genetic Testing market, giving methodical information about types and applications of the market.

Reasons for Buying Direct-Access Genetic Testing Market Report

This report gives a forward-looking prospect of various factors driving or restraining market growth.

It renders an in-depth analysis for changing competitive dynamics.

It presents a detailed analysis of changing competition dynamics and puts you ahead of competitors.

It gives a six-year forecast evaluated on the basis of how the market is predicted to grow.

It assists in making informed business decisions by performing a pin-point analysis of market segments and by having complete insights of the Direct-Access Genetic Testing market.

This report helps the readers understand key product segments and their future.

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In the end, the Direct-Access Genetic Testing market is analyzed for revenue, sales, price, and gross margin. These points are examined for companies, types, applications, and regions.

To summarize, the global Direct-Access Genetic Testing market report studies the contemporary market to forecast the growth prospects, challenges, opportunities, risks, threats, and the trends observed in the market that can either propel or curtail the growth rate of the industry. The market factors impacting the global sector also include provincial trade policies, international trade disputes, entry barriers, and other regulatory restrictions.

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Market Research Intellect provides syndicated and customized research reports to clients from various industries and organizations with the aim of delivering functional expertise. We provide reports for all industries including Energy, Technology, Manufacturing and Construction, Chemicals and Materials, Food and Beverage, and more. These reports deliver an in-depth study of the market with industry analysis, the market value for regions and countries, and trends that are pertinent to the industry.

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Mr. Steven Fernandes

Market Research Intellect

New Jersey ( USA )

Tel: +1-650-781-4080

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Hereditary Cancer Testing Market to Witness Surge in Demand Owing to Rising End-use Adoption – Lake Shore Gazette

Hereditary cancer testing is a process of identifying an inherited gene mutation that increases the risk of cancer development. It mainly includes predictive genetic testing and clinical DNA sequencing, in predictive genetic testing, patients family history is analyzed for any inherited mutation from ancestry. In DNA sequencing, entire DNA or genome of an individual is analyzed. It is useful for testing many genetic mutations at a time. Here are few hereditary cancers namely: bowel cancer, breast cancer, kidney cancer, melanoma, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, retinoblastoma, thyroid cancer, womb cancer and others. The basic hereditary cancer testing is similar to other cancers and it mainly includes lab tests, imaging procedures, and biopsy. Lab test mainly includes analysis of blood, urine and other body fluids for identification of abnormal cell growth. Imaging procedures like CT scan, nuclear scan, ultrasound, MRI, PET scan, and x-rays are used to identify tumor growth in the body. A biopsy is used to diagnosis of cancer and biopsy can be done with either the needle, endoscope or surgery. The cancer testing mainly depends on patient population and severity of hereditary cancer.

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Hereditary Cancer Testing Market: Drivers and Restraints

Rising prevalence of hereditary cancer due to mutations in the genes is one factor which influencing early detection of hereditary cancer. So, it is the prime requisite for early detection of hereditary cancer which drives the robust growth of the hereditary cancer testing market. The severity is also very high when compared to other cancers if hereditary cancer is left undiagnosed in the early stages and it increases the risk of mortality. DNA sequencing is a cost-effective and more efficient than traditional methods. Because in DNA sequencing multiple gene-panels is used to test many inherited mutations at a time. But in the traditional method, at a time only one gene mutation can be analyzed and it increases error and time for testing. So, increasing demand for rapid diagnostics for early detection of hereditary cancer testing acts as a driver in the burgeoning growth of the hereditary cancer testing market.

Due to difficulties in accessing the complete genomic data for early detection and prevention acts as a restraint in the growth of the hereditary cancer testing market

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Hereditary cancer testing Market: Segmentation

Segmentation based on Diagnosis Type

Segmentation based on End Users

Hereditary Cancer Testing Market: Market Overview

Global Hereditary cancer testing market witnessed rapid growth due to rising demand for non-invasive techniques for detection of hereditary cancer. Even though the demand increasing for non-invasive techniques, histopathological detection acts as a golden standard for diagnosis of hereditary cancer. The manufacturers of hereditary cancer diagnostics are mainly concentrated on technological advancements to increase the reliability of the tests. Increasing government funding for improvement of rapid diagnostics and rising concerns of hereditary cancer are driving the growth of the hereditary cancer testing market. The future of hereditary cancer testing market is anticipated to grow at double CAGR during the forecast period.

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Hereditary Cancer Testing Market: Region-wise Overview

Global hereditary cancer testing market segmented into North America, Europe, Asia -Pacific & Japan, The Middle East and Africa regions and Latin America by region wise. North America dominates the global hereditary cancer testing Market due to the high prevalence among the patient population, and in North America, USA is a major stakeholder due to the presence of strong players. Europe and Asia-Pacific are the fastest growing market in hereditary cancer testing market due to the rising awareness. Economic conditions in the Asia-Pacific drives the global hereditary cancer testing market to new heights. The Latin America and the Middle East and Africa region also showed significant growth due to growing healthcare concerns and changing government policies in these regions.

Hereditary cancer testing Market

The end users are major players like hospitals, clinics, and diagnostic centers are the major stakeholders in the global hereditary cancer testing market. The companies are mainly focusing on intense marketing to convey health benefits of hereditary cancer testing market.

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Hereditary Cancer Testing Market to Witness Surge in Demand Owing to Rising End-use Adoption - Lake Shore Gazette

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Worldwide Molecular Diagnostics Market Market to Witness over XX% Growth ‘in Revenue During the COVID-19 Pandemic 2023 3w Market News Reports – 3rd…

This market research report includes a detailed segmentation of theglobal molecular diagnostics marketby application (oncology, blood testing, infectious disease, genetic testing, and tissue typing), by technology type (PCR, INAAT, Microarray, Hybridization, DNA Sequencing and other MDX technology), by end-users (hospitals, reference laboratories and others), and by regions (Americas, APAC, EMEA, and RoW). The market research report identifies F.Hoffmann-La Roche, Abbott Diagnostics, Siemens Healthineers, Danaher, and Hologic as the major vendors operating in the global molecular diagnostics market.

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Overview of the Global Molecular Diagnostics Market Research

Infoholicsmarket research report predicts that the globalmolecular diagnostics market will grow at a CAGR of 8.7% during the forecast period.The market for molecular diagnostics is driven by increasing prevalence of infectious and other lifestyle diseases, increasing demand for non-invasive biomarker-based tests, growing adoption of point-of-care testing, and high growth of the market in emerging countries. Increasing number of mergers & acquisitions and growing significance of companion diagnostics are providing opportunities for the market growth. Low awareness about standardization, stringent regulatory approval process, and lack of skilled labors are hampering the market growth.

According to the molecular diagnostics industry analysis, North America accounted for the largest share of the global molecular diagnostics market in 2017. The reason for the markets growth in the Americas is the increasing incidences of disease and organ transplantation in the US along with increasing funding by government and private players and increased adoption of personalized medicine in clinical practices are some of the factors driving the molecular diagnostics market growth. The Asia Pacific region is expected to witness the fastest growth rate due to the large patient pool, increasing awareness, and rising healthcare expenditure.

Molecular Diagnostics Market Research competitive analysis and key vendorsMolecular diagnostics are performed mainly to examine the existence of the disease in blood, tissue, or even in bones. The importance of nucleic acids and other cellular biomarkers in defining the vital cellular process has facilitated medical advancements in the diagnosis of various diseases. Early diagnosis of the disease is one of the key advantages of this technology.The capacity of molecular diagnostics to systematize molecular reactions for the enhancement of the clinical diagnosis has put healthcare in the front line. The increasing importance of molecular diagnostic tests has resulted in the launch of new tests and also increased acquisition, strategic partnership, and funding to develop new tests and technologies. For instance, in April 2018, NanoString Technologies, Inc. launched a Breast Cancer 360 (BC 360) research panel. In July 2017, MDxHealth SA announced the commercial launch of its AssureMDx for bladder cancer test in the US as a laboratory developed test. Illumina recently started a new company, named GRAIL, for liquid biopsy. It invested $100 million and raised another $900 million through public funding to develop new non-invasive tests for cancer diagnosis.

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Some of the Key Vendors in the Molecular Diagnostics Market Research are:

Molecular Diagnostics Market Research by Application type

In 2017, the infectious disease application occupied the largest share due to large number of patients suffering from hospital-associated infection, sexually transmitted infection (STI), hepatitis, respiratory infection, pathogen ID detection, and others is fostering the market growth, but oncology is expected to grow at the highest growth rate during the forecast period due to increasing incidence of cancer globally.

Molecular Diagnostics Market Research By Technology

In 2017, the PCR segment occupied the largest share. PCR is a gold standard technique for DNA amplification and is the primary technique conducted prior to any molecular diagnostic examination Next-generation sequencing and microarray are expected to grow at the fastest rate during the forecast period.

Molecular Diagnostics Market Research By End-Users

In 2017, the hospitals occupied the largest share and is expected to continue the same trend during the forecast period.

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Molecular Diagnostics Market Research Benefits

The report provides detailed information about the usage and adoption of molecular diagnostics market in various applications and regions. With that, key stakeholders can find out the major trends, drivers, investments, vertical players initiatives, government initiatives toward the product adoption in the upcoming years, along with the details of commercial products available in the market. Moreover, the report provides details about the major challenges that are going to have an impact on market growth. Additionally, the report gives complete details about the business opportunities to key stakeholders to expand their business and capture revenues in the specific verticals. The report will help companies interested or established in this market to analyze the various aspects of this domain before investing or expanding their business in the molecular diagnostics market.

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Worldwide Molecular Diagnostics Market Market to Witness over XX% Growth 'in Revenue During the COVID-19 Pandemic 2023 3w Market News Reports - 3rd...

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

What is a stem cell or bone marrow transplant? | Stem cell …

You might have a stem cell or bone marrow transplant as part of your cancer treatment.

It is a treatment for some people with:

It is also a treatment for other blood conditions.

A transplant allows you to have high doses of chemotherapy and other treatments. The stem cellsare collected from the bloodstream or the bone marrow.

Stem cells are very earlycells made inthe bone marrow. Bone marrow is a spongy material that fills the bones.

These stem cells develop into red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets.

Red blood cells contain haemoglobin which carries oxygen around the body. White blood cells are part of your immune system and help to fight infection. Platelets help to clot the blood to prevent bleeding.

You have a stem cell transplant after very high doses of chemotherapy. You might have targeted drugs with the chemotherapy. You may also have radiotherapy to your whole body. This is called total body irradiation or TBI.

The radiotherapy and chemotherapy have a good chance of killing the cancercells. But it also kills the stem cells in your bone marrow.

Soyour team either collect:

After the treatment you have the stem cells into your bloodstream through a drip. The cells find their way back to your bone marrow where they start making blood cells again and your bone marrow slowly recovers.

Some people who have a donor transplant might have a mini transplant. This isalso called a reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) transplant.

You have lower doses of chemotherapy than in a traditional stem cell transplant. You might have this treatment if you are older (usually over 50 years),or not fit or well enough for a traditional transplant.

The main difference between a stem cell and bone marrow transplant is whether stem cells are collected from the bloodstream or bone marrow.

A stem cell transplant uses stem cells from your bloodstream, or a donors bloodstream. This is also called a peripheral blood stem cell transplant.

A bone marrow transplant uses stem cells from your bone marrow, or a donors bone marrow.

Stem cell transplants are the most common type of transplant. Bone marrow transplants are not used as much. This is because:

You might have a bone marrow transplant if collecting stem cells has been difficult in your situation.

The aim of your transplant will depend on your situation. Your doctor might explain that a transplant will try to cure your disease or control it for as long as possible.

With lymphoma, leukaemia and myeloma the aim is to put the cancer into remission. Remission means there is no sign of the cancer.

Your doctor might suggest a transplant if your disease:

Depending on your situation, you might have a transplant using:

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What is a stem cell or bone marrow transplant? | Stem cell ...

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Norditropin: The facts about this Prescription HGH Brand – Gilmore Health News

What is Norditropin, prefilled pen injection and what is it used for?

Therapeutic class: Somatropin and Somatropin Agonists

Norditropin HGH Injections

Norditropin HGH pens contain the human growth hormone analog somatropin, which is identical to the growth hormone naturally produced by the human body. Children need the growth hormone to promote their growth, but adults also need it for their general health.

In children, Norditropin is used to treat growth disorders:

In adults, Norditropin is used as a growth hormone replacement when its production has been reduced from childhood or stopped in adulthood due to a tumor, tumor treatment, or pituitary gland disease. If treated for HGH deficiency in your childhood, the persistence of this deficiency will be reassessed when growth is complete. If the growth hormone deficiency is confirmed, further treatment is necessary. Somatropin can also be prescribed to those experiencing wasting caused by HIV.

Read Also: HGH Benefits: What to Expect From Using Human Growth Hormone

Never use Norditropin prefilled pen injections:

Warnings and precautions

Talk to your doctor or pharmacist before using Norditropin:

Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are using or have recently used any of the following medications:

Read Also: Anti-Aging: HGH Can Reduce Biological Age by One Year and a Half Study Shows

Products containing somatropin are not recommended for women of childbearing age who do not use contraception.

Norditropin has no effect on the ability to drive vehicles and operate machinery.

Always use this medicine exactly as directed by your physician. Consult your doctor or pharmacist if you are unsure.

In children, the dose depends on weight and body surface area. After childhood, the dose depends on height, weight, sex, and sensitivity to growth hormone and is adjusted until the optimal dose is reached.

When using Norditropin 5 mg/1.5 mL, prefilled pen injection solution

Inject your daily dose under the skin every evening just before bedtime.

How to use Norditropin pen?

Do not share on your Norditropin pen with other people.

If you have accidentally used more Norditropin than you needed Consult your doctor or pharmacist immediately!

If you have injected too much somatropin, talk to your doctor. Prolonged somatropin overdose may cause abnormal growth and thickening of the facial features (Acromegaly).

If you forgot to use Norditropin:

Take the next usual dose at the usual time. Do not take a double dose to make up for the lost dose.

When discontinuing Norditropin injections do not stop taking Norditropin without first consulting your doctor.

If you have further questions about the use of this medicine, ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

Like all medicines, this medicine may have side effects. However, these side effects do not always occur in everyone.

Adverse reactions in children and adults (frequency not known) :

If you experience any of these effects, consult a doctor as soon as possible. Stop taking Norditropin until your doctor tells you to start taking it again.

The formation of antibodies that act directly against somatropin has rarely been observed during treatment with Norditropin.

High concentrations of liver enzymes have been reported.

Leukemia and recurrent brain tumors have also been reported in patients treated with somatropin (the active ingredient of Norditropin), although there is no evidence that somatropin is the cause.

If you think you have any of these conditions, talk to your doctor.

Additional side effects in children:

Unusual (may affect up to 1 in 100 children):

Rare (may affect up to 1 in 1,000 children):

Rare cases of hip and knee pain and limping have been reported in children taking Norditropin. These symptoms may be related to a disorder of the femur (Legg-Calve-Perthes disease) or slippage of the tip of the femur in relation to the cartilage (epiphysiolysis of the femoral head) and may not be due to Norditropin.

Read Also: Do HGH Supplements Like Genf20 Plus, Growth Factor Plus, GenfX, Hypergh 14X, HGH X2 and Provacyl Work?

In children with Turner syndrome, clinical studies have observed some cases of increased growth of hands and feet in relation to height.

A clinical study in children with Turner syndrome showed that high doses of Norditropin may increase the risk of ear infections.

If any of these side effects affect you significantly, or if you notice any side effects not listed in this guide, you should talk to your doctor or pharmacist as the dose may be reduced.

Additional adverse reactions in adults

Very common (may affect more than 1 in 10 adults):

Unusual (may affect up to 1 in 100 adults):

If you experience any side effects, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. This also applies to any side effects not mentioned in this article. You can also report adverse reactions directly to the FDA.

By reporting adverse reactions, it helps to provide more information on the safety of the medicine.

Read Also: Increasing Height: Can HGH Help You Grow Taller?

Keep the medicine out of sight and out of the reach of children.

Do not use this medicine after the expiry date shown on the container.

Store unused Norditropin in a refrigerator (between 2C and 8C) away from light. Do not freeze or expose to heat.

After starting to use Norditropin store the opened pen in a refrigerator (between 2C and 8C) for up to 4 weeks or store at room temperature (not above 25C) for up to 3 weeks

Do not continue to use a Norditropin pen that has been frozen or exposed to excessive temperatures.

Do not use Norditropin Pen if the growth hormone solution inside is opaque or discolored.

Always store Norditropin without a needle.

Always keep the cap of the Norditropin Pen closed when not in use.

Always use a new needle for each injection.

Do not dispose of drugs in the sewerage system or with household waste. Ask your pharmacist to dispose of medicines that you no longer use. This will help to protect the environment.

Read Also: Growing Taller as an Adult: Is It Possible?

Norditropin is presented as a clear, colorless injectable HGH solution in a pre-filled 1.5 mL multi-dose disposable pen.

Norditropin is available in three strengths:

5 mg/1.5 mL, 10 mg/1.5 mL and 15 mg/1.5 mL (3.3 mg/mL, 6.7 mg/mL and 10 mg/mL respectively).

https://www.norditropin.com/

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Norditropin: The facts about this Prescription HGH Brand - Gilmore Health News

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Many cancers require more than one kind of treatment – Brunswick News

Our dad was diagnosed with lung cancer and will be getting chemo and radiation. Im not really sure how they work, or why he has to have both. Should we get a second opinion?

Dear Reader: We use the word cancer to refer to a group of diseases in which abnormal cells within the body begin to divide uncontrollably. They are able to evade the bodys natural defenses, and, over time, they can spread throughout the body. The goal of cancer treatment is to prevent these rogue cells from dividing. This is achieved either by killing the cancer cells outright, or disrupting their DNA, and thus their ability to divide. Radiation and chemotherapy are two of the most common cancer treatments. Although each works to stop the progress of the disease, they act in different ways.

Chemotherapy is a systemic treatment. That means that the specialized drugs used in chemotherapy are administered via the bloodstream so that they can reach and act upon cells throughout the body. More than 100 different chemotherapy medications fall into five major categories. Each of these drug categories behave in a different way, but all share the same objective. That is, to disrupt the life cycle of cells within the body that divide rapidly, which includes cancer cells.

Chemotherapy drugs are quite powerful. Because they circulate to all parts of the body, they act on all of the rapidly dividing cells in the body, including those that are not cancer. This includes hair roots, which is why hair loss occurs in many cancer patients undergoing chemo. Other common side effects include nausea, vomiting, fatigue, anemia and infection.

Radiation therapy, by contrast, is a localized treatment. It targets a specific part of the body where cancer cells are found. The powerful energy delivered via X-rays, gamma rays, electron beams or protons destroys cancer cells and damages their DNA as well. This prevents the rogue cells from dividing and growing, and thus stops their spread.

Some radiation treatments involve ingesting, injecting or implanting a radioactive substance, which either locates or binds to cancer cells. Although the effect on noncancerous cells isnt as severe in radiation therapy as it is in chemotherapy, healthy cells do get damaged. This results in side effects such as skin problems at the delivery site and fatigue.

Depending on the type of cancer and how far it has spread, its not unusual for several treatments to be used together. This includes chemotherapy and radiation therapy, as well as surgery, immunotherapy, hormone therapy and targeted drug therapies.

In certain types of lung cancer, studies have found that using chemotherapy along with radiation therapy can improve survival rates. While radiation is effective at targeting solid tumors, chemotherapy can act upon cancer cells throughout the body, including those that havent yet been identified.

Lung cancer treatment is a rapidly advancing field. For that reason, its often helpful for patients to have their case and treatment plan reviewed by a physician or medical team that specializes in the disease. To avoid unexpected costs, check with your insurer for guidance on which doctors and facilities are covered by your plan.

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Many cancers require more than one kind of treatment - Brunswick News

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Remdesivir to HCQ: What works against Covid-19, and what doesnt – ThePrint

Text Size:A- A+

I am a physician and a scientistat the University of Virginia. I care for patients and conduct research to find better ways to diagnose and treat infectious diseases, including COVID-19. Here Im sharing what is known about which treatments work, and which dont, for the new coronavirus infection.

Keep in mind that this field of medicine is rapidly evolving as our understanding of the SARS-CoV-2 virus improves. So what I am writing today may change within days or weeks.

Below are the treatments that have been tried and for which we have the best knowledge.

There arethree randomized controlled trialsof hydroxychloroquine, all of which have failed to prove or disprove a beneficial or harmful effect on COVID-19 clinical course or clearance of virus. Given this current lack of evidence, these drugs, which normally are used to treat arthritis, shouldonly be used within the context of a controlled clinical trial.

The drug Lopinavir is an inhibitor of an enzyme called HIV protease which is involved in the production of viral particles. Protease inhibitors for HIV were revolutionary, leading to our current ability to effectively treat HIV. Lopinavir also can inhibit enzymes that perform similar functions as the HIV protease in theSARS and MERS coronaviruses. Ritonavir increases the level of Lopinavir in the blood so the lopinavir/ritonavir combination was tested in a randomized controlled clinical trial for COVID-19.

Unfortunately, there was no impact on the levels of virus in the throat or duration of viral shedding, nor did patients clinical course or survival change. There therefore isno role for lopinavir/ritonavir in the treatment of COVID-19.

When a synthetic steroid hormone, called dexamethasone, was given to patients with COVID-19 the drug decreased28-day mortality by 17% and hastened hospital discharge.

This work was performed in arandomized and controlled clinical trialof over 6,000 patients, and while not replicated in another study or yet peer reviewed, is certainly enough evidence to recommend its use.

Tocilizumab is anantibody, that blocks a protein, called IL-6 receptor, from binding IL-6 and triggering inflammation. Levels of IL-6 are higher in many patients with COVID-19, and the immune system in general seems to be hyperactivated in those with the most severe disease. This leads many physicians and physicians to think that inhibiting the IL-6 receptor might protect patients from severe disease.

Tocilizumab is currently FDA approved for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and several other collagen-vascular diseases and for cytokine storm a harmful overreaction of the immune system that can be caused by certain types of cancer therapy and COVID-19.

A retrospective observational studyfound that COVID-19 patients treated with tocilizumab had a lower risk of mechanical ventilation and death. But we lack a randomized controlled clinical trial so there is no way to ascertain if this apparent improvement was due to tocilizumab or from the imprecise nature of retrospective studies.

Convalescent plasma, the liquid derived from blood after removing the white and red blood cells, contains antibodies from previous infections that the plasma donor had. This plasma has been used to prevent infectious diseases including pneumonia, tetanus, diphtheria, mumps and chickenpox for over a century. It is thought to benefit patients because antibodies from the plasma of survivors bind to and inactivate pathogens or their toxins of patients. Convalescent plasma has now been used in thousands of COVID-19 patients.

However, the only randomized clinical trial was small and included just 103 patients who received convalescent plasma 14 days after they became ill. There wasno difference in the time to clinical improvement or mortalitybetween those who did and did not receive treatment. The encouraging news was that there was a significant decrease in virus levels detected by PCR.

It is therefore too early to tell if this will be beneficial and controlled clinical trials are needed.

Remdesivir is a drug that inhibits the coronavirus enzymethat makes copies of the viral RNA genome. It acts by causing premature stoppage or termination of the copying and ultimately blocks the virus from replicating.

Remdesivir treatment, especially for patients who required supplemental oxygen before they were placed on a ventilatorreduced mortality and shortened the average recovery timefrom 15 to 11 days.

There was a concern that drugs calledACE inhibitorsor angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), which are used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure, could increase levels of the ACE2 proteins, the receptorfor SARS-CoV-2,on the surface of cells in the body. This would, physicians hypothesized, allow more entry points for the virus to infect cells and would therefore boost the severity of new coronavirus infections.

However, there is no evidence that this is the case. The American Heart Association, the Heart Failure Society of America and the American College of Cardiology all recommend that patients continue to take these medications during the pandemic as they arebeneficial in the treatment of high blood pressure and heart failure.

We have made amazing progress in the treatment of COVID-19. Two therapies steroids and Remdesivir have already been shown to help. Those who benefit from these treatments owe thanks to patients who volunteered to participate in controlled clinical trials, and the physicians and pharmaceutical companies that lead them.

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

Also read:Dexamethasone, favipiravir, plasma therapy how Indias Covid care has evolved in 5 months

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Remdesivir to HCQ: What works against Covid-19, and what doesnt - ThePrint

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Does the key to anti-ageing lie in our bones? – The Guardian

Grard Karsenty was a young scientist trying to make a name for himself in the early 1990s when he first stumbled upon a finding that would go on to transform our understanding of bone, and the role it plays in our body.

Karsenty had become interested in osteocalcin, one of the most abundant proteins in bone. He suspected that it played a crucial role in bone remodelling the process by which our bones continuously remove and create new tissue which enables us to grow during childhood and adolescence, and also recover from injuries.

Intending to study this, he conducted a genetic knockout experiment, removing the gene responsible for osteocalcin from mice. However to his dismay, his mutant mice did not appear to have any obvious bone defects at all. For him, it was initially a total failure, says Mathieu Ferron, a former student of Karsenty who now heads a research lab studying bone biology at ICRM in Montreal. In those days it was super-expensive to do modification in the mouse genome.

But then Karsenty noticed something unexpected. While their bones had developed normally, the mice appeared to be both noticeably fat and cognitively impaired.

Mice that dont have osteocalcin have increased circulating glucose, and they tend to look a bit stupid, says Ferron. It may sound silly to say this, but they dont learn very well, they appear kind of depressed. But it took Karsenty and his team some time to understand how a protein in bone could be affecting these functions. They were initially a bit surprised and terrified as it didnt really make any sense to them.

Almost 15 years later, Karsenty would publish the first of a series of landmark papers that would revolutionise our perspective on bone and the skeleton in general. We used to view our skeleton as primarily a mechanical structure whose main role is to serve as a scaffold for the rest of the body. But our bones are very much live organs, which we now believe play a role in regulating a whole range of vital bodily processes ranging from memory to appetite, muscle health, fertility, metabolism and many others.

The idea that bone is just a simple organ thats separated from everything else as a mineralised tissue, and that doesnt communicate thats changed, says Thomas Clemens, professor of orthopaedic surgery at the Johns Hopkins Center for Musculoskeletal Research. Karsenty has ushered in the idea that bone is involved in communicating with other tissues in the body that wasnt really understood or investigated before.

We now know that bones communicate by participating in a network of signals to other organs through producing their own hormones, proteins that circulate in the blood. Karsentys mice eventually led him to realise that osteocalcin was in fact one such hormone, and understanding its links to regulating so many of these functions could have future implications in terms of public health interventions.

The idea that bone could produce a hormone affecting metabolism or even your liver initially came as a bit of a shock, says Ferron. People did not expect that. But other scientists have since replicated the results, and even discovered new hormones also produced by bones. Its opened up a completely new field in bone research.

As we age, all of us inevitably lose bone. Research shows that humans reach peak bone mass in their 20s; from then onwards, it is a slow decline that can eventually lead to frailty and diseases such as osteoporosis in old age.

Over the past decade, new findings have suggested that this reduction in bone mass may also be linked to the weakening of muscles referred to in medical terms as sarcopenia as well as the memory and cognitive problems that many of us experience as we grow older. This appears to be connected to the levels of osteocalcin in the blood, through its role as a master regulator, influencing many other hormonal processes in the body.

People who are very active tend to have less of a cognitive decline with age than sedentary people

Osteocalcin acts in muscle to increase the ability to produce ATP, the fuel that allows us to exercise, says Karsenty. In the brain, it regulates the secretion of most neurotransmitters that are needed to have memory. The circulating levels of osteocalcin declines in humans around mid-life, which is roughly the time when these physiological functions, such as memory and the ability to exercise, begin to decline.

But intriguingly in recent years, Karsenty has conducted a series of experiments in which he has shown that by increasing the levels of osteocalcin in older mice through injections, you can actually reverse many of these age-related ailments.

Osteocalcin seems to be able to reverse manifestations of ageing in the brain and in muscle, he says. What is remarkable is that if you give osteocalcin to old mice, you restore memory and you restore the ability to exercise to the levels seen in a young mouse. That makes it potentially extremely attractive from a medical point of view.

Scientists have also found that for humans, one way of naturally maintaining the levels of this hormone in the blood, even as we age, is through exercise, something that makes intuitive sense, as physical activity has long been known to have anti-ageing properties. Ferron is hoping that these findings can be used to support public health messages regarding the importance of staying active through middle age and later life.

If you exercise regularly, then it stimulates your bone to make more osteocalcin, and that will have these beneficial effects on muscle and brain, he says. From epidemiological studies, we know that people who are very active tend to have less of a cognitive decline with age than sedentary people. With time, maybe people will be more aware of this connection, and think of their bone health as being just as important as other aspects of staying healthy.

Ongoing research in this area also suggests that exercising more during the teenage years and early adulthood can continue to have a protective effect on bone and other aspects of health much later in life.

I think this could reinforce the message that its important for people to be active during adolescence and early adult years, Ferron says. This means they reach a higher peak bone mass, which will protect them from age-related problems linked to osteocalcin decline.

Osteocalcin is not the only bone hormone to have caught the attention of scientists, however. At the Mayo Clinic, Sundeep Khosla has been studying a hormone called DPP4, which is made by cells on the outer layers of bone, called osteoclasts, and appears to play a role in how bone regulates blood sugar.

Khosla is particularly interested in this hormone because the drug denosumab which is clinically prescribed to osteoporosis patients to try and slow down the rate of bone loss seems to have a positive effect on DPP4 as well. In a study of osteoporosis patients taking denosumab published earlier this year, he noticed that those also suffering from diabetes experienced an improvement in their symptoms.

This shows that maybe this drug can treat both osteoporosis and diabetes at the same time, says Khosla. Were now looking to follow up on these observations and test this through a randomised control trial.

However, osteocalcin, with its potential to prevent many aspects of age-related decline, remains the major topic of interest in bone research. Given that so many people ignore public health guidelines regarding exercise in 2017, the British Heart Foundation reported that around 20 million adults in the UK are insufficiently active Karsenty is working on a means of artificially increasing the levels of osteocalcin in the blood and has even filed a patent on using it to treat cognitive disorders.

This is not easy, but what we are hoping to do is to deliver osteocalcin perhaps through developing a molecule which regulates osteocalcin, he says. Were exploring various ways of doing this, but the idea would be eventually to have something which could be used to treat age-related diseases such as sarcopenia and memory decline. This is really going to profit the elderly the most, but anyone with a decline in muscle function, because of a hip fracture or another condition, could also benefit from this treatment.

Ferron says that such a treatment would differ from current medications designed to improve bone health in osteoporosis, as they only work by blocking bone loss. A drug targeting osteocalcin would aim to achieve wider health benefits through stimulating bone gain.

However, there are still plenty of hurdles to overcome. For example, simply injecting a form of osteocalcin is unlikely to be sufficient to achieve a therapeutic benefit in humans.

Treatments like that tend to be more costly and more difficult as protein injections dont have a very long half life, says Ferron. My lab is developing a stabilised form of osteocalcin so it can stay longer in the body, but the best solution would be to have some sort of small pharmacological molecules that could be put in a pill to target the receptor of osteocalcin to stimulate its activity. So thats the idea I see for the future.

But Karsentys findings have also led scientists to ponder a somewhat profound question: how did bones develop the ability to produce hormones such as osteocalcin in the first place?

The scientist himself believes that the answer lies deep in our evolutionary past. I think that evolution has invented osteocalcin as a survival hormone, he says. Because to escape predators, you need your bones to be able to signal to your muscles to run, which is mediated by osteocalcin. To survive, you also need to remember where to find food or where a predator was an hour ago, and such memory processes are regulated by osteocalcin. More and more, we think that it evolved as a hormone to help animals escape danger.

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Does the key to anti-ageing lie in our bones? - The Guardian

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Menopause and Depression Are Strongly Linked – Everyday Health

Studies have shown that the menopausal transition, particularly perimenopause and early post-menopause, is correlated with an increased risk of depression due to changing hormone levels. Indeed, the2018 guidelines for perimenopausal depression, published in Menopause, the journal of the North American Menopause Society (NAMS), state that:

A new Turkish study published July 1, 2020, in Menopause has confirmed a correlation between the menopausal transition and depression, and an association between certain risk factors and depressive episodes after menopause. The research team looked at 485 post-menopausal Turkish women ages 35 to 78 to assess the frequency of depressive symptoms, the biological, social, and psychological variables involved, and levels of the fear of death. The researchers noted that 41 percent of participants reported experiencing some type of depression. The team has theorized that this percentage is misleadingly low because of the younger age of the participants (average age of 56.3 years).

RELATED: Coping With Hot Flashes and Other Menopausal Symptoms: What 9 Celebrities Said

The psychosocial and biological variables that the team discovered to be correlated with the risk of developing depressive symptoms are:

The major point here is that women who are under a lot of stress, have major life events, have poor health already, and particularly a history of depression are the ones at higher risk, saysStephanie Faubion, MD, the medical director of NAMS. She adds, We know that the biggest risk factor for developing depression in midlife is a previous history of depression.

RELATED:10 Ways to Beat Menopausal Belly Fat

There was no confirmation of a relationship between depression and the fear of death.

The findings of this study involving post-menopausal Turkish women are consistent with existing literature and emphasize the high prevalence of depressive symptoms in midlife women, particularly those with a history of depression or anxiety, chronic health conditions, and psychosocial factors such as major stressful life events. Women and the clinicians who care for them need to be aware that the menopause transition is a period of vulnerability in terms of mood, Dr. Faubion said in a press release regarding the study July 1.

RELATED:Stress and Anxiety Sabotage Personal Wellness, Women Say

Faubion, who is also the Penny and Bill George Director of the Mayo Clinic's Center for Women's Health,warns that this study just looked at a group of women who came into the clinic. All were post-menopausal, but we dont know where those women were in the menopause transition, whether they were early or many years after, which could skew the results, she said in a subsequent interview with Everyday Health.

RELATED: Sexual Dysfunction in Some Women Can Occur Years Before Menopause

This study reinforces the fact that we should be monitoring women for mood issues during midlife because we can do something about it, says Faubion, noting that treatment with an antidepressant is considered first-line therapy for major depression, regardless of when it occurs. But sometimes just dealing with the symptoms of menopause (night sweats, hot flashes, sleep disruption) is enough to improve mood, andhormone therapy (HT) may also have a direct impact on depressive symptoms that occur during the menopause transition and in early post-menopause.

RELATED: 12 Women Over Age 60 Who Inspire Wellness and Living Your Best Life

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‘I thought there had to be a lump’ Reading man describes his battle against breast cancer – The Wokingham Paper

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Latest Research report on Receptors Assay Market to Exhibit Impressive Growth by 2025 – 3rd Watch News

Global Retinitis Pigmentosa Treatment & Management industry report covers up-to-date industry information which is important to monitor performance and make critical conclusions for growth and effectiveness of business.

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