At Mayo Clinic, an integrated team, including stem cell biologists, bioengineers, doctors and scientists, work together and study regenerative medicine. The goal of the team is to treat diseases using novel therapies, such as stem cell therapy and bioengineering. Doctors in transplant medicine and transplant surgery have pioneered the study of regenerative medicine during the past five decades, and doctors continue to study new innovations in transplant medicine and surgery.

In stem cell therapy, or regenerative medicine, researchers study how stem cells may be used to replace, repair, reprogram or renew your diseased cells. Stem cells are able to grow and develop into many different types of cells in your body. Stem cell therapy may use adult cells that have been genetically reprogrammed in the laboratory (induced pluripotent stem cells), your own adult stem cells that have been reprogrammed or cells developed from an embryo (embryonic stem cells).

Researchers also study and test how reprogrammed stem cells may be turned into specialized cells that can repair or regenerate cells in your heart, blood, nerves and other parts of your body. These stem cells have the potential to treat many conditions. Stem cells also may be studied to understand how other conditions occur, to develop and test new medications, and for other research.

Researchers across Mayo Clinic, with coordination through the Center for Regenerative Medicine, are discovering, translating and applying stem cell therapy as a potential treatment for cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, degenerative joint conditions, brain and nervous system (neurological) conditions, such as Parkinson's disease, and many other conditions. For example, researchers are studying the possibility of using stem cell therapy to repair or regenerate injured heart tissue to treat many types of cardiovascular diseases, from adult acquired disorders to congenital diseases. Read about regenerative medicine research for hypoplastic left heart syndrome.

Cardiovascular diseases, neurological conditions and diabetes have been extensively studied in stem cell therapy research. They've been studied because the stem cells affected in these conditions have been the same cell types that have been generated in the laboratory from various types of stem cells. Thus, translating stem cell therapy to a potential treatment for people with these conditions may be a realistic goal for the future of transplant medicine and surgery.

Researchers conduct ongoing studies in stem cell therapy. However, research and development of stem cell therapy is unpredictable and depends on many factors, including regulatory guidelines, funding sources and recent successes in stem cell therapy. Mayo Clinic researchers aim to expand research and development of stem cell therapy in the future, while keeping the safety of patients as their primary concern.

Mayo Clinic offers stem cell transplant (bone marrow transplant) for people who've had leukemia, lymphoma or other conditions that have been treated with chemotherapy.

Mayo Clinic currently offers a specialty consult service for regenerative medicine within the Transplant Center, the first consult service established in the United States to provide guidance for patients and families regarding stem cell-based protocols. This consult service provides medical evaluations for people with many conditions who have questions about the potential use of stem cell therapy. The staff provides guidance to determine whether stem cell clinical trials are appropriate for these individuals. Regenerative medicine staff may be consulted if a doctor or patient has asked about the potential use of stem cell therapies for many conditions, including degenerative or congenital diseases of the heart, liver, pancreas or lungs.

People sometimes have misconceptions about the use and applications of stem cell therapies. This consult service provides people with educational guidance and appropriate referrals to research studies and clinical trials in stem cell therapies for the heart, liver, pancreas and other organs. Also, the consult service supports ongoing regenerative medicine research activities within Mayo Clinic, from basic science to clinical protocols.

Read more about stem cells.

.

Follow this link:
Regenerative Medicine - Transplant Center - Mayo Clinic

Recommendation and review posted by sam

Typically, younger individuals (30 to 60 year olds) are more likely to experience back pain from a lower back muscle strain or from within the disc space itself - such as a lumbar disc herniation or lumbar degenerative disc disease.

This article details a description of typical symptoms and their possible causes in younger adults. The next page details typical causes of lower back pain in adults older than age 60.

These lower back pain symptoms include any combination of the following:

A back muscle strain or ligament strain is one of the most common causes of acute lower back pain. Lifting a heavy object, twisting, or a sudden movement can cause muscles or ligaments stretch or develop microscopic tears.

Article continues below

With a lower back strain, the severity of the pain ranges from mild discomfort to severe, disabling pain, depending on the extent of strain and the lower back muscle spasms that result from the injury.

Sciatica includes any combination of the following symptoms:

Sciatica describes the symptoms caused when a nerve root in the lower spine is compressed, causing pain and numbness to travel along the large sciatic nerve that serves the buttocks, legs and feet.

In younger adults, sciatica can be caused by a wide range of conditions, most commonly a lumbar herniated disc (may also be caused by degenerative disc disease, isthmic spondylolisthesis, and other conditions).

Symptoms may include any combination of the following:

Lumbar degenerative disc disease can affect patients as young as 20. When the lumbar discs between the vertebrae begin to break down, the damaged disc can cause both inflammation and slight instability in the lower back, bringing about pain, muscle spasms, and sometimes sciatica.

Degenerative disc disease is common and is often successfully treated.

Symptoms may include any combination of the following:

Isthmic spondylolisthesis occurs when a vertebra in the low back slips forward on the disc space below it. It is most common at the L5-S1 level and can cause low back pain from instability and nerve root pain due to compression of the nerve root.

The fracture occurs in childhood, but normally does not create a lot of pain until a patient is in young adulthood.

Symptoms may include any combination of the following:

Sacroiliac joint disease or dysfunction can occur if there is too much or too little movement in the sacroiliac joint - the joints that connect the sacrum at the bottom of the spine to the hip on each side.

The above are typical causes of lower back pain in younger adults, but not all. Younger adults can also be affected by arthritis and other conditions that are typical causes of back pain in older adults. Symptoms for each type of condition will vary based on a number of factors, such as the severity of the pathology, and the individual's unique anatomy and perception of pain.

Read the original here:
Lower Back Pain Symptoms and Causes - Spine-Health

Recommendation and review posted by simmons

Upper back pain is any type of pain or discomfort throughout the back side of the chest and upper abdominal area. The upper back area includes the shoulder blades and where the rib cage connects to the thoracic (chest region) spine. The upper back is also referred to as the middle back or the thoracic spine.

Most people will experience back pain at some point in their lives. However, upper back pain is not as common as lower back pain, which is the most common cause of job-related disability and absenteeism from work, according to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Upper back pain is not as common because the thoracic spine does not move as much as the spine in the lower back and neck.

Upper back pain may last briefly or it may be chronic, which is defined as lasting more than three months. Your pain may be dull and throbbing or sharp and stabbing. You may be in constant pain, or perhaps the pain occurs only during a particular activity, such as lifting grocery bags or after working at your desk for a prolonged period of time.

In addition to the thoracic spine and shoulder blades, there are numerous nerves, muscles, tendons, and ligaments in the upper back. Any of these structures can become irritated or inflamed in response to a variety of different factors and conditions, such as poor posture, overuse, trauma, arthritis, and bone cancer. However, upper back pain is most often due to muscle irritation or joint problems and is usually not a cause for concern.

Upper back pain occurring with other symptoms, such as chest pain or difficulty breathing, may be a sign of a heart attack and should be immediately evaluated in an emergency setting. In addition, if your pain is extreme, persistent, or causes you concern, contact a medical professional.

Continue reading here:
Upper Back Pain - Back Pain - Symptoms, Diagnosis ...

Recommendation and review posted by simmons

Jeffrey Paul Nunnari

3349 Executive Pkwy, Ste D Toledo, OH

Patricia Hayden Kurt

608 MADISON AVE NATIONAL BANK BLDG TOLEDO, OH

Tybo Alan Wilhelms

405 Madison Avenue, Suite 1300 Toledo, OH

Mark Davis

500 MADISON AVE STE 525 TOLEDO, OH

Melan M Forcht

405 N HURON ST INNS OF COURT BLDG TOLEDO, OH

David Charles Shook

3450 W Central Ave Ste 326 Toledo, OH

Martin Joseph Holmes

300 Madison Ave., 1200 Edison Plaza Toledo, OH

Amy Elizabeth Stoner

520 Madison Ave Ste 545 Toledo, OH

Tonya Marie Robinson

Four Seagate Suite 400 Toledo, OH

Stephen Terrance Priestap

316 N MICHIGAN ST STE 300 TOLEDO, OH

People in Ohio shared their opinions about Paternity Testing

Do you personally know of anyone who has undergone paternity/maternity testing?

Yes: 68%

No: 26%

Unsure: 4%

Have you undergone paternity or maternity testing?

Yes: 13%

No: 84%

Rather not say: 1%

What was the reason that you underwent paternity/maternity testing?

Ordered by the court to prove I was/was not the parent: 16%

For my own proof that I was/was not the parent: 33%

To prove to the mother/father/child that I was/was not the parent: 16%

Other: 16%

Rather not say: 16%

Have any of your immediate family members ever undergone paternity/maternity testing?

Yes: 32%

No: 58%

Unsure: 9%

Please rate your level of agreement/disagreement with the following statement: It is a violation of constitutional rights and/or human rights for a court to order a person to undergo a paternity/maternity test.

Completely disagree: 48%

Mostly disagree: 18%

Neither agree or disagree: 20%

Mostly agree: 8%

Completely agree: 3%

Regarding the results of paternity/maternity tests, how well do you trust the results?

Completely distrust: 4%

Distrust: 2%

Unsure whether they are trustworthy or not: 19%

Trust: 50%

Completely trust: 23%

Source: Survey.com

See the original post:
Genetic Testing Toledo OH - DNA Diagnostics Center

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Endocrine diseases are disorders of the endocrine system. The branch of medicine associated with endocrine disorders is known as endocrinology.

Broadly speaking, endocrine disorders may be subdivided into three groups:[1]

Endocrine disorders are often quite complex, involving a mixed picture of hyposecretion and hypersecretion because of the feedback mechanisms involved in the endocrine system. For example, most forms of hyperthyroidism are associated with an excess of thyroid hormone and a low level of thyroid stimulating hormone.[2]

In endocrinology, medical emergencies include diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, hypoglycemic coma, acute adrenocortical insufficiency, phaeochromocytoma crisis, hypercalcemic crisis, thyroid storm, myxoedema coma and pituitary apoplexy.[3]

Emergencies arising from decompensated pheochromocytomas or parathyroid adenomas are sometimes referred for emergency resection when aggressive medical therapies fail to control the patient's state, however the surgical risks are significant, especially blood pressure lability and the possibility of cardiovascular collapse after resection (due to a brutal drop in respectively catecholamines and calcium, which must be compensated with gradual normalization).[4][5] It remains debated when emergency surgery is appropriate as opposed to urgent or elective surgery after continued attempts to stabilize the patient, notably in view of newer and more efficient medications and protocols.[6][7][8]

Continued here:
Endocrine disease - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Individualized Weight Loss Programs Read More

We take a physical / health approach to weight loss. There are hundred of people that diet and exercise daily and they still gain weight or they cant loose weight, this is not because they are cheating on their diet. Its because something is wrong with their body and their metabolism. Conditions that cause weight gain, also cause other symptoms i.e fatigue, brain fog, depression, anxiety, hair loss, feeling cold, belly weight, diabetes, low hormones and more. We customize our physician supervised weight loss programs for each of our patients after analyzing their unique health situation.

whether you have difficulty losing weight or are suffering from diabetes-related issues, PCOS, infertility, seemingly incurable migraines, or a host of other conditions.

At Medical Weight Loss and Hormone Replacement Clinic we dig deep to find the underlying causes of your health issues, then our physicians, dedicated staff, and nutritionists work directly with you to help solve your health problems!

Original post:
Medical Weight Loss Clinic of Utah - Hormone Replacement ...

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

2 of 5

1. Preface 1.1. Scope of the Report 1.2. Research Methodology 1.3. Chapter Outlines

2. Executive Summary

3. Introduction 3.1. Context and Background 3.2. Historical Evolution of Gene Therapy 3.3. Classification of Gene Therapy 3.3.1. Somatic vs. Germline 3.3.2. Ex-vivo vs. In-vivo 3.4. Route of Administration 3.5. How Does Gene Therapy Work? 3.6. Advantages and Disadvantages of Gene Therapy 3.7. Ethical and Social Concerns in Gene Therapy 3.7.1. Somatic Gene Therapy 3.7.2. Germ-line Gene Therapy 3.8. Future Constraints and Challenges 3.8.1 Manufacturing 3.8.2 Reimbursement 3.8.3 Commercial Viability

4. Viral and Non-Viral Vectors 4.1. Chapter Overview 4.2. Viral Methods of Gene Transfer 4.2.1. Retroviruses 4.2.2. Lentiviruses 4.2.3. Adenoviruses 4.2.4. Adeno Associated Virus 4.2.5. Herpes Simplex Virus 4.2.6. Alphavirus 4.2.7. Vaccinia Virus 4.2.8. Simian Virus 4.3. Non-Viral Vectors 4.3.1. Naked/Plasmid Vectors 4.3.2. Biolistic Method: Gene Gun 4.3.3. Electroporation 4.3.4. Receptor Mediated Gene Delivery Methods 4.3.5. Liposomes, Lipoplexes and Polyplexes 4.3.6. Gene Activated Matrix (GAM)

5. Pipeline of Gene Therapy 5.1. Chapter Overview 5.2. Gene Therapy: Pipeline Analysis 5.3 Oncology: The Most Popular Therapeutic Area 5.4. Distribution of Gene Therapies by Phase of Development 5.5. Distribution of Gene Therapies by Type of Vector 5.6. Distribution of Gene Therapies by Type of Genes Targeted 5.7. Distribution of Gene Therapies by Type of Sponsor

6. Marketed Gene Therapies and Applications 6.1. Chapter Overview 6.2. Gendicine (SiBionoGeneTech) 6.2.1. Company and Pipeline Overview 6.2.2. History of Approval 6.2.3. Mechanism of Action and Vectors Used 6.2.4. Target Indication 6.2.5. Development Status 6.2.6. Dosage, Sales and Manufacturing 6.2.7. Patent Portfolio 6.2.8. Gendicine Sales Forecast, 2015 - 2025 6.3. Oncorine (Shanghai Sunway Biotech) 6.3.1. Company and Pipeline Overview 6.3.2. History of Approval 6.3.3. Mechanism of Action and Vectors Used 6.3.4. Target Indication 6.3.5. Development Status 6.3.6. Dosage and Sales 6.3.7. Patent Portfolio 6.3.8. Oncorine Sales Forecast, 2015 - 2025 6.4. Rexin-G (Epeius Biotechnologies) 6.4.1. Company and Pipeline Overview 6.4.2. History of Approval 6.4.3. Mechanism of Action and Vector Used 6.4.4. Target Indication 6.4.5. Development Status 6.4.6. Dosage and Manufacturing 6.4.7. Patent Portfolio 6.4.8. Rexin-G Sales Forecast, 2015 - 2025 6.5. Neovasculgen (Human Stem Cell Institute) 6.5.1. Company and Pipeline Overview 6.5.2. History of Approval 6.5.3. Mechanism of Action and Vector Used 6.5.4. Target Indication 6.5.5. Development Status 6.5.6. Dosage, Sales and Manufacturing 6.5.7. Neovasculgen Sales Forecast, 2015 - 2025 6.6. Glybera (uniQure) 6.6.1. Company and Pipeline Overview 6.6.2. History of Approval 6.6.3. Target Indication 6.6.4. Technology 6.6.5. Development Status 6.6.6. Dosage and Manufacturing 6.6.7. Collaborations 6.6.8. Glybera Sales Forecast, 2015 - 2025

7. Gene Therapy: Pipeline Products 7.1. Chapter Overview 7.2. Generx (Taxus Cardium) 7.2.1. Company and Pipeline Overview 7.2.2. History of Development 7.2.3. Target Indication 7.2.4. Technology 7.2.5. Development Status 7.2.6. Dosage and Manufacturing 7.2.7. Collaborations 7.2.8. Generx Sales Forecast, 2015 - 2025 7.3. TK (MolMedS.p.A) 7.3.1. Company and Pipeline Overview 7.3.2. History of Development 7.3.3. Target Indication 7.3.4. Technology 7.3.5. Development Status 7.3.6. Dosage and Manufacturing 7.3.7. Collaborations 7.3.8. TK Sales Forecast, 2015 - 2025 7.4. Collategene (AnGes MG) 7.4.1. Company and Pipeline Overview 7.4.2. History of Development 7.4.3. Target Indication 7.4.4. Technology 7.4.5. Development Status 7.4.6. Dosage and Manufacturing 7.4.7. Collaborations 7.4.8. Collategene Sales Forecast, 2015 - 2025 7.5. TissueGene-C (TissueGene Inc./Kolon Life Sciences) 7.5.1. Company and Pipeline Overview 7.5.2. History of Development 7.5.3. Target Indication 7.5.4. Technology 7.5.5. Development Status 7.5.6. Dosage and Manufacturing 7.5.7. Collaborations 7.5.8. TissueGene-C Sales Forecast, 2015 - 2025 7.6. SPK-RPE65 (Spark Therapeutics) 7.6.1. Company and Pipeline Overview 7.6.2. History of Development 7.6.3. Target Indication 7.6.4. Technology 7.6.5. Development Status 7.6.6. Dosage and Manufacturing 7.6.7. Collaborations 7.6.8. SPK-RPE65 Sales Forecast, 2015 - 2025 7.7. Prostvac (Bavarian Nordic) 7.7.1. Company and Pipeline Overview 7.7.2. History of Development 7.7.3. Target Indication 7.7.4. Technology 7.7.5. Development Status 7.7.6. Dosage and Manufacturing 7.7.7. Collaborations 7.7.8. Prostvac Sales Forecast, 2015 - 2025 7.8. T-VEC (Amgen) 7.8.1. Company and Pipeline Overview 7.8.2. History of Development 7.8.3. Target Indication 7.8.4. Technology 7.8.5. Development Status 7.8.6. Dosage and Manufacturing 7.8.7. Collaborations 7.8.8. T-Vec Sales Forecast, 2015 - 2025 7.9. ProstAtak (Advantagene) 7.9.1. Company and Pipeline Overview 7.9.2. History of Development 7.9.3. Target Indication 7.9.4. Technology 7.9.5. Development Status 7.9.6. Dosage and Manufacturing 7.9.7. Collaborations 7.9.8. ProstAtak Sales Forecast, 2015 - 2025 7.10. TroVax (Oxford BioMedica) 7.10.1. Company and Pipeline Overview 7.10.2. History of Development 7.10.3. Target Indication 7.10.4. Technology 7.10.5. Development Status 7.10.6. Dosage and Manufacturing 7.10.7. Collaborations 7.10.8. TroVax Sales Forecast, 2015 - 2025 7.11. Algenpantucel-L (Newlink Genetics Corporation) 7.11.1. Company and Pipeline Overview 7.11.2. History of Development 7.11.3. Target Indication 7.11.4. Technology 7.11.5. Development Status 7.11.6. Dosage and Manufacturing 7.11.7. Collaborations 7.11.8. Algenpantucel-L Sales Forecast, 2015 - 2025 7.12. ASP0113 (Vical/Astellas Pharma) 7.12.1. Company and Pipeline Overview 7.12.2. History of Development 7.12.3. Target Indication 7.12.4. Technology 7.12.5. Development Status 7.12.6. Dosage and Manufacturing 7.12.7. Collaborations 7.12.8. ASP0113 Sales Forecast, 2015 - 2025 7.13. E10A (Marsala Biotech) 7.13.1. Company and Pipeline Overview 7.13.2. History of Development 7.13.3. Target Indication 7.13.4. Technology 7.13.5. Development Status 7.13.6. Dosage and Manufacturing 7.13.7. Collaborations 7.13.8. E10A Sales Forecast, 2015 - 2025 7.14. Other Late Phase Gene Therapies 7.15. Overall Gene Therapy Market, 2015 - 2025

8. Promising Therapeutics Areas 8.1. Chapter Overview 8.2. Cancer 8.3. Neurological Disorders 8.3.1. Neurodegenerative Disorders 8.3.2. Lysosomal Storage Disorders (LSDs) 8.4. Ocular Diseases 8.5. Muscle Disorders 8.6. Blood Disorders (Anemia and Hemophilia) 8.7. Immunodeficiency Diseases

9. Gene Therapy: Additional Considerations 9.1. Chapter Overview 9.2 Venture Capital Investment in Gene Therapy 9.3. Conferences and Exhibitions on Gene Therapy 9.4. Contract Manufacturing in Gene Therapy

10. Conclusion 10.1. Move From Monogenic Diseases To Cancer 10.2. Controlled Gene Therapy for Optimised Gene Expression: Gradually Evolving 10.3. mRNA Mediated Gene Therapy: A Promising Approach to Improve Transfection Efficiency 10.4. Germline Gene Therapy: Potential yet to Unveil 10.5. A Strong Pipeline Likely To Result In A Multi-Billion Dollar Market

11. Interview Transcripts

12. Appendix 1: Tabulated Data

13. Appendix 2: List of Companies and Organisations

List of Tables: Table 3.1 Differences between Ex vivo and In vivo Gene Therapy Table 3.2 Price comparison of Marketed Gene Therapies Table 3.3 Approved ATMPs in EU Table 4.1 Features of Retrovirus Table 4.2 Features of Lentivirus Table 4.3 Features of Adenovirus Table 4.4 Features of Adeno-associated Virus Vectors Table 4.5 Features of Herpes Simplex Virus Vectors Table 5.1 Pipeline: Approved/Marketed Gene Therapies Table 5.2 Pipeline: Pre-registration/Phase III Gene Therapies Table 5.3 Pipeline: Phase II/III Gene Therapies Table 5.4 Pipeline: Phase II Gene Therapies Table 5.5 Pipeline: Phase I/II Gene Therapies Table 5.6 Pipeline: Phase I Gene Therapies Table 5.7 Pipeline: Preclinical Stage Table 5.8 Gene Therapy: University Spin-offs Table 6.1 Marketed and Approved Gene Therapies Table 6.2 Company Overview: SiBionoGeneTech Table 6.3 Gendicine: Status of Development Table 6.4 Gendicine: Patent Portfolio Table 6.5 Company Overview: Shanghai Sunway Biotech Table 6.6 H100 Series: Status of Development Table 6.7 Company Overview: Epeius Biotechnologies Table 6.8 Rexin-G: Status of Development Table 6.9 Rexin G: Patent Portfolio Table 6.10 Company Overview: Human Stem Cell Institute Table 6.11 Neovasculgen: Status of Development Table 6.12 Company Overview: uniQure Table 6.13 Glybera: Status of Development Table 7.1 Gene Therapy: Late Stage Development Products Table 7.2 Company Overview: Taxus Cardium Table 7.3 Generx: Status of Development Table 7.4 Company Overview: MolMedS.p.A. Table 7.5 TK: Status of Development Table 7.6 Company Overview: AnGes MG Table 7.7 Collategene: Status of Development Table 7.8 Company Overview: Kolon Life Science Table 7.9 TissueGene-C: Status of Development Table 7.10 Company Overview: Spark Therapeutics Table 7.11 SPK-RPE65: Status of Development Table 7.12 Company Overview: Bavarian Nordic Table 7.13 Prostvac: Status of Development Table 7.14 Company Overview: Amgen Table 7.15 T-Vec: Status of Development Table 7.16 Company Overview: Advantagene Table 7.17 ProstAtak: Status of Development Table 7.18 Company Overview: Oxford BioMedica Table 7.19 TroVax: Status of Development Table 7.20 Company Overview: NewLink Genetics Table 7.21 Algenpantucel-L: Status of Development Table 7.22 Company Overview: Vical Table 7.23 ASP0113: Status of Development Table 7.24 Company Overview: Marsala Biotech Table 7.25 E10A: Status of Development Table 7.26 Gene Therapies in Phase II/III Table 7.27 Important Highlights of Gene Therapies in Phase II/III Table 7.28 Gene Therapy: Expected Years of Launch Table 8.1 Gene Therapy for Cancer Table 8.2 Gene Therapy for Neurological Disorders Table 8.3 Classification of Lysosomal Storage Disorders Table 8.4 Gene Therapy for Lysosomal Storage Disorders Table 8.5 Gene Therapy for Ocular Disorders Table 8.6 Gene Therapy for Muscle Disorders Table 8.7 Gene Therapy for Blood Disorders Table 8.8 Gene Therapy for Immunodeficiency Diseases Table 9.1 Recent Investments in Gene Therapy Table 9.2 Gene Transfer: Conferences 2015 Table 9.3 Contract Manufactures in Gene Therapy Table 12.1 Pipeline Analysis: Distribution by Therapeutic Area Table 12.2 Pipeline Analysis: Distribution by Phase of Development Table 12.3 Pipeline Analysis: Distribution by Type Gene Delivery Methods Table 12.4 Pipeline Analysis: Distribution by the Gene Type Table 12.5 Pipeline Analysis: Distribution by Drug Developer Type Table 12.6 Gendicine: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million Table 12.7 Gendicine: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Conservative Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.8 Gendicine: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Optimistic Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.9 Oncorine: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million Table 12.10 Oncorine: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Conservative Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.11 Oncorine: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Optimistic Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.12 Rexin-G: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.13 Rexin-G: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Conservative Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.14 Rexin-G: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Optimistic Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.15 Human Stem Cell Institute: Revenues (RUB 000) Table 12.16 Neovasculgen: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.17 Neovasculgen: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Conservative Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.18 Neovasculgen: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Optimistic Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.19 Glybera: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.20 Glybera: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Conservative Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.21 Glybera: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Optimistic Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.22 Generx: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.23 Generx: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Conservative Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.24 Generx: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Optimistic Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.25 TK: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.26 TK: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Conservative Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.27 TK: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Optimistic Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.28 Collategene: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.29 Collategene: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Conservative Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.30 Collategene: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Optimistic Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.31 TissueGene-C: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.32 TissueGene-C: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Conservative Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.33 TissueGene-C: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Optimistic Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.34 SPK-RPE65: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.35 SPK-RPE65: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Conservative Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.36 SPK-RPE65: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Optimistic Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.37 Incidence and Mortality Rate 2012: Prostate Cancer Table 12.38 Prostvac: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.39 Prostvac: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Conservative Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.40 Prostvac: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Optimistic Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.41 Incidence and Mortality Rate 2014: Melanoma Table 12.42 Skin Cancer: Geographical Distribution of Death Rate (Cases per 100,000 People) Table 12.43 T-Vec: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.44 T-Vec: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Conservative Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.45 T-Vec: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Optimistic Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.46 Incidence and Mortality Rate 2012: Prostate Cancer Table 12.47 ProstAtak: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.48 ProstAtak: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Conservative Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.49 ProstAtak: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Optimistic Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.50 Incidence and Mortality Rate 2012: Colorectal Cancer Table 12.51 TroVax: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.52 TroVax: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Conservative Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.53 TroVax: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Optimistic Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.54 Age-Standardised Rate 2012: Pancreatic Cancer Table 12.55 Incidence and Mortality Rate 2012: Pancreatic Cancer Table 12.56 Algenpantucel-L: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.57 Algenpantucel-L: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Conservative Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.58 Algenpantucel-L: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Optimistic Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.59 ASP0113: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.60 ASP0113: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Conservative Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.61 ASP0113: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Optimistic Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.62 E10A: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.63 E10A: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Conservative Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.64 E10A: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Optimistic Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.65 Overall Gene Therapy Forecast 2015-2025: Base Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.66 Overall Gene Therapy Forecast 2015-2025: Conservative Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.67 Overall Gene Therapy Forecast 2015-2025: Optimistic Scenario (USD Million) Table 12.68 Contribution of Oncology in Gene therapy market (USD Million) Table 12.69 Number of Gene Therapies in Pre-clinical/Clinical Development for Cancer: By Disease Area Table 12.70 Number of Gene Therapies in Pre-clinical/Clinical Development for Cancer: By Transfer Vectors Table 12.71 Number of Gene Therapies in Pre-clinical/Clinical Development for Neurological Disorders: By Disease Area Table 12.72 Number of Gene Therapies in Pre-clinical/Clinical Development for Neurological Disorders: By Transfer Vectors Table 12.73 Number of Gene Therapies in Pre-clinical/Clinical Development for Lysosomal Storage Disorders: By Disease Area Table 12.74 Number of Gene Therapies in Pre-clinical/Clinical Development for Lysosomal Storage Disorders: By Transfer Vectors Table 12.75 Number of Gene Therapies in Pre-clinical/Clinical Development for Ocular Disorders: By Disease Area Table 12.76 Number of Gene Therapies in Pre-clinical/Clinical Development for Ocular Disorders: By Transfer Vectors Table 12.77 Number of Gene Therapies in Pre-clinical/Clinical Development for Muscle Disorders: By Disease Area Table 12.78 Number of Gene Therapies in Pre-clinical/Clinical Development for Muscle Disorders: By Transfer Vectors Table 12.79 Number of Gene Therapies in Pre-clinical/Clinical Development for Blood Disorders: By Disease Area Table 12.80 Number of Gene Therapies in Pre-clinical/Clinical Development for Blood Disorders: By Transfer Vectors Table 12.81 Number of Gene Therapies in Pre-clinical/Clinical Development for Immunodeficiency Diseases: By Disease Area Table 12.83 Number of Gene Therapies in Pre-clinical/Clinical Development for Immunodeficiency Diseases: By Transfer Vectors Table 12.83 Gene Therapy: Type of Investments in 2013 and 2014 Table 12.84 Gene Therapy: Investments made for different Body Systems Table 12.85 Gene Therapy Conferences in 2015: Distribution by Month Table 12.86 Contract Manufacturing in Gene Therapy: By Capability Table 12.87 Contract Manufacturing in Gene Therapy: By Location Table 12.88 Gene Therapy Market (USD Million), 2017, 2021 and 2025

List of Figures: Figure 3.1 History of Evolution: Timeline Figure 3.2 Gene Transfer using Viral Vectors Figure4.1 Gene Transfer: Viral and Non-Viral Methods Figure 5.1 Pipeline Analysis: Distribution by Therapeutic Area Figure 5.2 Pipeline Analysis: Distribution by Phase of Development Figure 5.3 Pipeline Analysis: Distribution by Type of Vector Figure 5.4 Pipeline Analysis: Distribution by Target Gene Type Figure 5.5 Pipeline Analysis: Distribution by Drug Developer Type Figure 6.1 Pipeline Overview: SiBionoGeneTech Figure 6.2 Gendicine: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Figure 6.3 Pipeline Overview: Shanghai Sunway Biotech Figure 6.4 Adenovirus Construct in Oncorine Figure 6.5 Oncorine: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Figure 6.6 Pipeline Overview: Epeius Biotechnologies Figure 6.7 Rexin-G: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Figure 6.8 Pipeline Overview: Human Stem Cell Institute Figure 6.9 Human Stem Cell Institute: Revenues (RUB000) Figure 6.10 Neovasculgen: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Figure 6.11 Pipeline Overview: uniQure Figure 6.12 Glybera: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Figure7.1 Pipeline Overview: TaxusCardium Figure 7.2 Generx: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Figure 7.3 Pipeline Overview: MolMedS.p.A. Figure 7.4 TK: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Figure 7.5 Pipeline Overview: AnGes Figure 7.6 Collategene: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Figure 7.7 Pipeline Overview: Kolon Life Science Figure 7.8 TissueGene-C: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Figure 7.9 Pipeline Overview: Spark Therapeutics Figure 7.10 SPK-RPE65: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Figure 7.11 Pipeline Overview: Bavarian Nordic Figure 7.12 Incidence and Mortality 2012: Prostate Cancer (in 000) Figure 7.13 Prostvac: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Figure 7.14 Pipeline Overview: Amgen Figure 7.15 Incidence and Mortality 2014: Melanoma (in 000) Figure 7.16 Skin Cancer: Geographical Distribution of Death Rate (Cases per 100,000 People) Figure 7.17 T-Vec: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Figure 7.18 Pipeline Overview: Advantagene Figure 7.19 Incidence and Mortality 2012: Prostate Cancer (in 000) Figure 7.20 ProstAtak: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Figure 7.21 Pipeline Overview: Oxford BioMedica Figure 7.22 Incidence and Mortality 2012: Colorectal Cancer (in 000) Figure 7.23 TroVax: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Figure 7.24 Pipeline Overview: NewLink Genetics Figure 7.25 Age-Standardised Rate 2012: Pancreatic Cancer Figure7.26 Incidence and Mortality 2012: Pancreatic Cancer (in 000) Figure 7.27 Algenpantucel-L: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Figure 7.28 Pipeline Overview: Vical Figure 7.29 ASP0113: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Figure 7.30 Pipeline Overview: Marsala Biotech Figure 7.31 E10A: Sales Forecast 2015 - 2025, Base Scenario (USD Million) Figure 7.32 Overall Gene Therapy Market Outlook 2015-2025 (USD Million) Figure 7.33 Contribution of Oncology to Gene Therapy Market Figure 8.1 Number of Gene Therapies in Pre-clinical/Clinical Development for Cancer: By Disease Area Figure 8.2 Number of Gene Therapies in Pre-clinical/Clinical Development for Cancer: By Transfer Vectors Figure 8.3 Number of Gene Therapies in Pre-clinical/Clinical Development for Neurological Disorders: By Disease Area Figure 8.4 Number of Gene Therapies in Pre-clinical/Clinical Development for Neurological Disorders: By Transfer Vectors Figure 8.5 Number of Gene Therapies in Pre-clinical/Clinical Development for Lysosomal Storage Disorders: By Disease Area Figure 8.6 Number of Gene Therapies in Pre-clinical/Clinical Development for Lysosomal Storage Disorders: By Transfer Vectors Figure 8.7 Number of Gene Therapies in Pre-clinical/Clinical Development for Ocular Disorders: By Disease Area Figure 8.8 Number of Gene Therapies in Pre-clinical/Clinical Development for Ocular Disorders: By Transfer Vectors Figure 8.9 Number of Gene Therapies in Pre-clinical/Clinical Development for Muscle Disorders: By Disease Area Figure 8.10 Number of Gene Therapies in Pre-clinical/Clinical Development for Muscle Disorders: By Transfer Vectors Figure 8.11 Number of Gene Therapies in Pre-clinical/Clinical Development for Blood Disorders: By Disease Area Figure 8.12 Number of Gene Therapies in Pre-clinical/Clinical Development for Blood Disorders: By Transfer Vectors Figure 8.13 Number of Gene Therapies in Pre-clinical/Clinical Development for Immunodeficiency Diseases: By Disease Area Figure 8.14 Number of Gene Therapies in Pre-clinical/Clinical Development for Immunodeficiency Diseases: By Transfer Vectors Figure 9.1 Gene Therapy: Type of Investments in 2013 and 2014 Figure 9.2 Gene Therapy: Investments Made for Different Body Systems (USD Million) Figure 9.3 Gene Therapy Conferences in 2015: Distribution by Month Figure 9.4 Gene Transfer: Top Conference Sponsors Figure 9.5 Contract Manufacturing in Gene Therapy: By Capability Figure 9.6 Contract Manufacturing in Gene Therapy: By Location Figure 10.1 Gene Therapy Market (USD Million), 2017, 2021 and 2025

Note: Product cover images may vary from those shown

Read the original:
Gene Therapy Market, 2015 - 2025 - Research and Markets

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

BioScience Web Site's mission is to organize the world's biological science information and make it universally accessible and useful by utilizing the skyrocketing success of the World Wide Web. more Web Search Search engines designed to search for biological science information on the World Wide Web ... These web search engines, are cross-linked, offers search for bioscience-related journals, books, protocols, images and videos,softwares, jobs, events, definitions, and more. Quick Links : Search engines (Bioinformatics, Protocol, Literature, Definition, Discussion, Career & Multimedia) & Suggest a site to Include/Exclude http://www.bioscience.ws/search/ Dictionary Searchable dictionary with cross-referenced definitions of thousands of biological science terms ... This lexicon aims to be a one-stop source of information about all biological science terms and includes abbreviations, acronyms, slang, hypothesis, conventions, standards, and other types of words and phrases in related areas. Quick Links : Terms (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y & Z) & Suggest a term/definition to Add/Edit/Delete http://www.bioscience.ws/dictionary/ Encyclopedia Comprehensive encyclopedia with information on all the major branches of knowledge in biological science ... This compendium is divided into thousands of biology articles with one article on each subject covered. It includes many useful cross-references and pointers to related resources elsewhere on the Internet, as well as bibliographical reference to paper publications. Quick Links : Disciplines, Topics (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y & Z), Subcategories, Portal, History & People (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y & Z) http://www.bioscience.ws/encyclopedia/ Link Directory Web directory developed for the concerned public, educators, students, and science professionals involved in biological studies ... This online guide to the World Wide Web is a human edited, searchable catalogue of external links to a broad range of biological science websites and resources, and organized into subject-based categories and sub-categories. Quick Links : Suggest a link, Search, & Links (New, Popular, Best rated & Our picks) http://www.bioscience.ws/links/ Methods Web resource with emphasis on rapidly developing techniques and methodologies in the experimental biological sciences ... This article management system aims to be an on-line biological science lab manual which contains laboratory methods and protocols categorized by niche categories. Quick Links : Submit a method/protocol, Search & Latest methods/protocols http://www.bioscience.ws/methods/ Softwares Collection of softwares developed for educators, students, and science professionals involved in biological studies ... This repository intended to be a one stop location for educational software tools that encourage deep conceptual learning and open-ended scientific inquiry, and online research tools that run through the internet browser. Quick Links : Software tools (Sequence Manipulation Suite, Sequence Extractor, & BioPHP - Minitools) & Suggest a software to Include/Exclude http://www.bioscience.ws/softwares/ Events Web calendar for organizing social, commercial or administrative events in biological sciences ... This calendar server is configured as a schedule management system for biological science conferences, seminars, workshops, courses, meetings, symposiums and other events Quick Links : Submit an event, Search & Views (Daily, Weekly, Monthly & Yearly) http://www.bioscience.ws/events/ Jobs Web application for employment opportunities in biological sciences ... This job board application allows employers to log in and post a new job and jobseekers to browse the jobs and email their resume directly to the employer for that job. Quick Links : Register, Login & Post a job http://www.bioscience.ws/jobs/ Blog Hosting Weblog publishing tool for biological science professionals ... People from all parts of the biological science spectrum are welcome to freely blog here! Quick Links : Create a blog & Login http://www.bioscience.ws/blogs/ Map Partial or full screen interactive map of the biological science locations ... This online dynamic map shows locations as markers and includes institutes, research centers, laboratories, societies, organizations, companies, universities, libraries, museums, wildlife parks, botanical gardens, zoos and aquariums, and other places relating to biological sciences. Quick Links : Themes (BlogMap theme - shows a map in the header & MapOnly theme - shows a full screen map) & Suggest a location http://www.bioscience.ws/map/ Web Hosting Web hosting service for biological science professionals ... This is a powerful free PHP and MySQL hosting including a free sub domain: You get a free sub domain of .LifeScientist.Net domain name such as Yourdomain.LifeScientist.Net. Quick Links : Sign up & Create web pages http://www.bioscience.ws/hosting/ Toolbar Community toolbar to get the information you want from this site ... This fastest and easiest way allows you to get our freshest content delivered directly to your browser, check out all of our favorite places on the web, search the web, our site, and other useful engines, and receive our most important news and announcements instantly. Quick Links : Download toolbar http://www.bioscience.ws/toolbar/

The rest is here:
BioScience

Recommendation and review posted by sam

A genetics counselor may provide a multitude of services in a number of different specialties in medicine. Their position may include working directly with adults, children, pregnant women and couples that wish to have children, among others. Areas covered by these counselors with adults include genetic diseases and diagnosis, counseling, and analysis of certain tumors; with children, they include congenital diseases such as cystic fibrosis. For pregnant women and couples trying to conceive, the genetic counselor's main goal is typically identifying possible genetic defects and inborn errors of mutation.

Genetic counselors generally work alongside physicians of a variety of specialties, such as oncologists, surgeons and obstetricians, among others. They may provide advice and support to these doctors, as well as lab personnel and other professionals in their facility. Additionally, they may prepare academic papers, present at conferences, and provide support at booths, if required by their employer. Genetics counselors generally work full time in office and laboratory settings, although alternative and/or additional hours may be required depending on their employer's needs.

A master's degree from a relevant program accredited by the American Board of Genetic Counseling is generally required for this position. Genetic counselors must also be board certified by the American Board of Medical Genetics or the American Board of Genetic Counseling, as well as licensed in the state in which they wish to practice.

See original here:
Genetic Counselor Salary (United States)

Recommendation and review posted by sam

What is Multiple Sclerosis?

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, often disabling disease that attacks the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord). The exact cause of MS is unknown, and at this time there is no cure. Many advances in research and treatments are giving hope to people who are affected by the disease.

TheNational Multiple Sclerosis Societyestimates that more than 400,000 people in North America are living with MS. In Michigan, more than 15,000 people are diagnosed with the disease. Most people with MS are diagnosed between the ages of 20 and 40, but the unpredictable physical and emotional effects last a lifetime.

The progression and specific symptoms of MS in an individual cannot be predicted. They vary depending on the extent and severity of the disease and the location of lesions within the brain and spinal cord. Some of the most common symptoms are:

While the progression, severity and specific symptoms of MS vary by patient,MS is divided into four distinct classifications.

If your doctor suspects you have multiple sclerosis, he or she may refer you toMidMichigan's MS Clinic, which is affiliated with the National Multiple Sclerosis Society.

Because there is no known cause for MS, it is often difficult to diagnosis. Several tests are necessary for confirmation, including:

Because there is no known cause and as yet no cure, a multidisciplinary approach is the most beneficial in preventing progression of MS. This approach consists of medications, exercise, stress management, relaxation, adequate nutrition and an overall healthy lifestyle. Again, MidMichigan's MS Clinic is available to help with many of these services.

Many medications can help manage the symptoms of MS. Your neurologist will choose the right medication for you based on the results of diagnostic testing and clinical examination. Treatments may include:

It is important to become familiar with your symptoms in order to recognize flare-ups and seek appropriate and timely intervention.

AVONEX is a registered trademark of Biogen

BETASERON is a registered trademark of Berlex Laboratories, Inc.

COPAXONE is a registered trademark of Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd.

REBIF is a registered trademark of Serono S. A.

EXTAVIA is a registered trademark of Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation

TYSABRI is a registered trademark of Elan Pharmaceuticals, Inc. & Biogen Idec

GILENYA is a registered trademark of Novartis AG

NOVANTRONE is a registered trademark of Immunex Corp.

If you have MS, your doctor may recommendrehabilitation therapy in addition to other treatment options. Rehabilitation therapy can help you and your caregiver better adapt to the changing realities of the disease and help you maintain as much independence as possible.

Read more:
Multiple Sclerosis - MidMichigan Health

Recommendation and review posted by simmons

Multiple Sclerosis can be a challenging disease to diagnose and treat, especially when having MS can also mean having other health issues that need to be treated. The Multiple Sclerosis Center, part of the University of Michigans Department of Neurology, has highly skilled specialists with the experience to handle the most complex multiple sclerosis cases. And our team of physicians from a variety of disciplines works together to manage all your symptoms with the goal to provide a better quality of life.

Multiple sclerosis is a disease that affects the central nervous system: the brain and spinal cord. It can cause problems with muscle control and strength, vision, balance, feeling and thinking. MS is different for each person. You may go through life with only minor problems. Or you may become seriously disabled. Most people are somewhere in between.

Our Multiple Sclerosis Center is accredited as a Center for Excellence by the National Multiple Sclerosis Society. Working closely with a multidisciplinary team of experts, we effectively treat all issues that can play a part in multiple sclerosis, including:

Confirming diagnosis is so crucial, and yet weve seen so many patients who have been misdiagnosed. We are experts in diagnosing multiple sclerosis, as well as recognized what is not MS. We offer cutting-edge MRI imaging, which is our primary window into the brain and spine. We also run the full repertoire of lab tests to exclude other possibilities before coming to a conclusion. And, because multiple sclerosis can continue to progress with the absence of symptoms, we conduct periodic exams and MRIs.

There is no cure for multiple sclerosis, so our goal is to hold your disease in check. Its not a one-size-fits-all solution and there are many potential treatments available. It takes experience to not only be familiar with all the therapies along with the benefits, risks and side effects of each but to also understand which treatment is best for each patient. We also educate you so you know what to expect and how to best take care of yourself. Treatment ranges from oral medication and self-injecting therapy to chemotherapy treatments and infusions.

Since many MS medications are only available at an infusion center, we spearheaded the development of our new onsite, 10-bed East Ann Arbor Infusion Center. Specially trained nurses, who administer steroids, other medications and chemotherapies, staff the Center.

Designated a Multiple Sclerosis Collaborative Research Center by the National Multiple Sclerosis Society, we are actively involved in research to increase the understanding of the underlying causes of multiple sclerosis, and to gain insight into the development of new treatment approaches. And, we participate in clinical trials to evaluate the next generation of MS therapeutics.

Continue reading here:
Multiple Sclerosis | University of Michigan Health System

Recommendation and review posted by simmons

Colorado Clinic offers multiple regenerative medicine stem cell treatments. These treatments are provided as an outpatient by a Double Board Certified Doctor. Each treatment maintains minimal risk, with the possibility of providing repair and healing of injured tendons, ligaments, cartilage and muscle.

Click on the Treatments on the Left Tabs for more information.

Stem Cell Treatments at Colorado Clinic

Traditional therapies for osteoarthritis, ligament injury and tendonitis maintain certain commonalities. They help provide excellent pain relief, however, they do not alter the condition or help with the healing process. They act as an excellent band aid, but they do not REPAIR the problem!

The newest treatments for helping repair the damage involve Regenerative Medicine. The therapies are cutting edge and include stem cells, platelets, growth factors and cytokines.

Here is an example of what regenerative medicine offers. When a football player sustains a rotator cuff tendon injury, it may heal by itself in six to 10 weeks. Healing of damaged tendons or ligaments may occur naturally. However, it does not reach 100% strength like it was before.

With regenerative medicine, this situation may be very different. Healing of the rotator cuff injury may occur much faster, and it may reach 100% normal strength. This can help prevent future injury and get patients back on the field faster.

Regenerative treatments may permit patients to avoid or delay the need for surgery when it comes to all sorts of injury. The most common of these is degenerative arthritis. Joint replacement surgery is not without risk, therefore, stem cell treatments may help repair some of the cartilage damage while providing substantial pain relief.

With minimal risk, outpatient stem cell treatments offer a substantial upside. Make your appointment at Colorado Clinic today!

Amniotic Stem Cell Injections

Life comes from birth. Its one of the most commonly accepted rules in our society. But can the birth process offer even more? As research and science evolved over time, studies have shown that amniotic stem cells can have a revolutionary effect on the human recovery process.

First, lets look at what amniotic stem cells are. Stem cells are the basic components (cells) of our human body. One of their most amazing characteristic is that they can become almost any type of cell, from muscle to bone or skin cell.

Amniotic stem cells are obtained from the amniotic fluid, which is produced during a caesarean birth. During pregnancy, the amniotic fluid protects the fetus and it feeds it with the necessary supplements needed to sustain life and development. A while back, this fluid was normally discarded, but once researchers got to understand its amazing therapeutic benefits, now its collected and stored because of its high concentration of pluripotent stem cells.

Amniotic derived stem cell fluid comes from consenting donors and is processed at an FDA regulated lab. It is checked for all sorts of diseases prior to being accepted for use in others.

Although stem cells have been used for decades, regenerative therapy is fairly new, and sometimes pushes the boundaries of human imagination and perception. Following the use of amniotic stem cell injections, more evidence reveals exciting results in muscle repair and pain relief which has made amniotic stem cells possibly the holy grail in treatment.

Amniotic stem cell injections offer the ability to heal damaged tissue naturally. The tissue regeneration and repair properties of the amniotic stem cell fluid are an effective anti-inflamatory that relieves pain and contains natural growth factors that assist in healthy tissue growth. Moreover, the hyaluronic acid that is also in amniotic fluid is an important component of the joint fluid that helps cartilage growth. Amniotic fluid is also a great source of stem cells, found in a much higher concentration than the adult bone marrow. And just like when one uses their own stem cells, the use of amniotic fluid doesnt cause rejection or allergic reaction when injected into a patient.

Amniotic stem cell injections have been getting more attention since they have been openly used by prominent athletes with impressive results and even a few saved careers! The ability to safely and effectively treat painful and debilitating injuries and conditions of the knees, elbows, and shoulders without lengthy rehabilitation or recovery time isnt just appealing to professional athletes, but to anyone who wants relief from pain and to return to their favorite activities.

Initial small studies are showing that amniotic stem cell injections work well for the following indications: 1) Tendonitis 2) Ligament Injury 3) Arthritis 4) Sports Medicine Injuries 5) Cartilage Defects

Dr. Sisson at Colorado Clinic is an expert in regenerative medicine treatments. Call the practice today for an appointment!

Bone Marrow Derived Stem Cell Injections for Musculoskeletal Problems

What are Bone Marrow Derived Stem Cell Injections?

There are many types of stem cell injections that are currently in research mode. One type of stem cell injection currently used for many types of degenerative conditions is the bone marrow derived stem cell injection. This type of stem cell treatment is excellent for degenerative disc disease, joint arthritis, ligament injuries, spinal arthritis, and tendonitis. Studies have shown that therapy using regenerative treatment, such as bone marrow stem cell injections, work well for degenerative conditions.

Bone Marrow Derived Stem Cell Collection and Injection

Bone marrow derived stem cell injections are an outpatient procedure where a patients bone marrow is harvested. It is then processed and injected into the area of concern in the same setting. In bone marrow derived stem cell injections, collection is done in an outpatient procedure which takes about 30 minutes. The bone marrow derived stem cells are collected using a catheter and local anesthetic.

The bone marrow derived stem cells are removed from the body in the blood, circulated through a machine with the filtered blood, and returned to the patients body in the same procedure. The stem cells are filtered out of the blood using the aspheresis machine, which retains only the stem cells.

What is the Future of Bone Marrow Derived Stem Cell Injections?

The future of bone marrow derived stem cell injections is a bright one. There are two types of bone marrow stem cells that can be derived from the tissue composing the middle of the bones, mesenchymal, and hematopoietic stem cells. It is the hematopoietic stem cells that differentiate back into blood cells among other things, and the mesenchymal cells that differentiate into skeletal and vertebral tissues.

Bone marrow derived stem cell injections are showing excellent results for tendonitis, ligament injuries and degenerative arthritis. This can help produce great results for athletes and individuals who desire to avoid or delay the need for joint replacement surgery.

Dr. Sisson at Colorado Clinic is at the forefront of regenerative medicine treatments with stem cells. You will be in good hands!

PRP Therapy at Colorado Clinic

The Facts about PRP Injections

Platelet-rich (PRP) therapy is a form of therapy that is used for damage that occurs within the tendons, ligaments, and joints. This type of therapy works by stimulating repair within the areas that are damaged, while also providing pain relief for the area where the therapy is used. PRP therapy has been around for quite some time, but has only recently become a more common method of treatment for musculoskeletal conditions.

Due to the ease of application, and the very few side-effects present with PRP therapy, it is commonly replacing other treatments that are more invasive, such as surgical procedures.

What exactly is PRP Therapy?

PRP therapy is often called platelet-rich plasma therapy, and this type of therapy is provided in the form of an injection. Initially, about 30-60cc of blood is drawn from the patients arm. It is placed into a centrifuge machine and separates into several layers. The middle layer contains concentrated platelets and growth factors and is used in the treatment for injection into the problem area.

Your blood is composed of several different parts, and when the blood is put into a medical machine that spins it at a fast rate, the platelets are separated from the blood, collected, and then put into a vial in a concentrated amount. The collected platelets are then injected into the area that is damaged, which provides the pain relief and repairing effects for the area. This allows the patient to get the platelets and growth factors needed for healing, while also using the bodys own resources, which eliminates the possibility of side-effects occurring due to the body rejecting the injection that is made.

The platelets that are removed from the blood are the same ones within the blood that stick to one another when we are injured and the blood clots. While the blood as a whole is known to have great healing powers, the platelets are one of the most effective healing components of the blood. When injected into the different damaged areas of the body, they are able to call in stem cells, and also allow for regeneration of the soft tissue.

How does PRP Therapy Work?

When the PRP injection is made, the solution goes directly into the area that is damaged, and also into the areas surrounding the damage. The therapy is known to provide pain relief within a week for patients in up to 80% of cases, due to the ability ofthe injections to stimulate healing in the area at a much faster rate than what your body is able to provide. Platelet rich plasma also contains significant amounts of growth factors, and even severe damage can be healed over time with the use of this form of therapy.

Where can PRP be Used?

PRP therapy can be used in all of the joints within the body, and even areas of soft tissue that are damaged such as the shoulder, elbow, achilles, etc. This may include tendonitis, ligament injury or degenerative arthritis.

Platelet-rich plasma therapy at Colorado Clinic is offered by the top pain management and regenerative medicine doctor in Northern Colorado, Dr. Sisson. He has extensive experience with regenerative medicine including PRP therapy, make your appointment today!

Link:
Regenerative Medicine - Colorado Clinic

Recommendation and review posted by sam

This is a sixth post of the series Not Lost in Translation.

If youre trying to develop a cellular product and just entering the field of cell therapy, you should be aware of existent standards. Why is it important? Knowing standards in your field allows to:

Even though, cell therapy filed relatively new, there are numerous related standards. Unfortunately, many professionals are unaware about organizations and standards in cell therapy field. The purpose of this post is to indicate few leadig organizations, providing standards and types of standards in cell products development. Significant part of this topic was summarized from the recent public FDA workshop Synergizing Efforts in Standards Development for Cellular Therapies and Regenerative Medicine Products.

Type of standards in cell therapy:

Standards-developing organizations and examples: ISO International Organization for Standardization Developing and providing international standards, including medical devices, laboratory testing and some, related to cell therapy and tissue engineered products. Examples: ISO/TC 194/SC 1 Tissue product safety ISO/TC 150/SC 7 Tissue-engineered medical products

ASTM International American Society for Testing and Materials ASTM leading international standards organization. ASTM has Subcommittee F04.43 for developing standards in cell therapy and tissue engineering. Examples: ASTM F2210 Standard Guide for Processing Cells, Tissues, and Organs for Use in Tissue Engineered Medical Products ASTM F2739 Standard Guide for Quantitating Cell Viability Within Biomaterial Scaffolds ASTM F2315 Standard Guide for Immobilization or Encapsulation of Living Cells or Tissue in Alginate Gels ASTM F2944 Standard Test Method for Automated Colony Forming Unit (CFU) Assays

USP U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention Provides standards for use ancillary and raw materials for cellular and tissue products. Examples: Chapter 1046 Cell and Gene Therapies Products Chapter 1047 Gene Therapy Products Chapter 1043 Ancillary Materials for Cell, Gene and Tissue-Engineered Products Chapter 92 Growth Factors and Cytokines Used in Cell Therapy Manufacturing Chapter 90 Fetal Bovine SerumQuality Attributes and Functionality Tests

GBSI Global Biological Standard Institute Developing standards for life sciences, including biomedical research.

ATCC American Type Culture Collection Manufactures and provides reference material (including cells), developing biological standards for basic and translational research. Examples: ATCC Certified reference material ATCC Standards Development Organization

BSI British Standards Institution Has a project for developing regenerative medicine definitions and guidelines for clinical cell products characterization. Examples: PAS 93:2011 Characterization of human cells for clinical applications. Guide PAS 84:2012 Cell therapy and regenerative medicine. Glossary

FACT Foundation for the Accreditation of Cellular Therapy Provides standards for collection and processing cellular products. Accredits clinical stem cell labs, cord blood banks and more than minimal manipulation cell therapy facilities. Examples: FACT-JACIE International Standards for Cellular Therapy Product Collection, Processing and Administration FACT-JACIE Cellular Therapy Accreditation Manual

AABB American Association of Blood Banks Center for Cellular Therapies In cell therapy field, AABB has very similar functions with FACT. Examples: Standards for Cellular Therapy Services

ICCBBA International Council for Commonality in Blood Bank Automation Management of the ISBT-128 Standard the terminology, identification, coding and labeling of medical products of human origin (including blood, cell, tissue, and organ products).

ISCT International Society for Cellular Therapy ISCT leverages expertise of cell therapy professionals to develop guidelines and recommendations for cellular products development, characterization, and quality. Examples: Minimal criteria for defining multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells Potency assay development for cellular therapy products Stromal cells from the adipose tissue-derived stromal vascular fraction and culture expanded adipose tissue-derived stromal/stem cells IFATS/ISCT statement

Coordination and harmonization As you can see, there are many organizations, involved in different aspects of cell therapy standardization. How can we make sure that there are no overlaps between them? How to coordinate and harmonize their activities? There are some good existent examples of such coordination:

*********************** This post is a part of Not Lost in Translation online community project. In this series we will try to bridge the translational gaps between scientific discovery in research labs and clinical cell applications for therapies. We will look at challenges in translation of cell product development and manufacturing in academic and industry settings. If you would like to contribute to this community project, please contact us!

Tagged as: cell therapy, reference material, standard, translation

Read the original here:
Standards in Cell Therapy

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

The spinal cord is the major bundle of nerves carrying nerve impulses to and from the brain to the rest of the body. Rings of bone, called vertebrae, surround the spinal cord. These bones constitute the spinal column or back bones.

Spinal cord injury can be direct trauma to the spinal cord itself or indirect damage to the bones, soft tissues, and blood vessels surrounding the spinal cord.

Antithrombin Deficiency

Important It is possible that the main title of the report Antithrombin Deficiency is not the name you expected. Please check the synonyms listing to find the alternate name(s) and disorder subdivision(s) covered by this report.

Read the Antithrombin Deficiency article > >

Spinal cord damage results in a loss of function, such as mobility or feeling. In most people who have spinal cord injury, the spinal cord is not fully severed but is bruised or torn. Spinal cord injury is not the same as back injury, which may result from pinched nerves or ruptured disks. Even when a person sustains a break in a vertebra or vertebrae, there may not be any spinal cord injury if the spinal cord itself is not affected.

Spinal cord injuries may result from falls, diseases like polio or spina bifida (a disorder involving incomplete development of the brain, spinal cord, and/or their protective coverings), motor vehicle accidents, sports injuries, industrial accidents, gunshots and physical assaults, among other causes. If the spine is weak because of another condition, such as arthritis, minor injuries can cause spinal cord trauma.

There are two kinds of spinal cord injury -- complete and incomplete. In a complete injury, a person loses all ability to feel and voluntarily move below the level of the injury. In an incomplete injury, there is some functioning below the level of the injury.

See more here:
Spinal Cord Injury and Pain - WebMD

Recommendation and review posted by sam

InVivo Therapeutics, a company in Cambridge, MA, is developing a new way to treat patients with acute thoracic spinal cord injuries, a patient population that has never had any viable therapeutic options for recovery. We caught up with Mr. Mark Perrin, CEO and Chairman of the Board of InVivo Therapeutics, who took over leadership of the company last year on a mission to fill that treatment void and become the leader in developing innovative products for spinal cord injury.

Rachel Kessler, Medgadget: I understand that the new treatment you are advocating could potentially change the standard of care for spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. What is this new treatment?

Mr. Perrin: The new treatment includes both a new surgical approach as well as the use of our Neuro-Spinal Scaffold. Following the injury, a myelotomy (surgical incision of the spinal cord) is performed to remove the liquefied necrotic material, which both reduces the pressure in the spinal cord and creates a cavity for our Neuro-Spinal Scaffold. The Neuro-Spinal Scaffold is a biomaterial based on proprietary technology developed by MIT professor Dr. Robert Langer. The Neuro-Spinal Scaffoldis surgically implanted at the epicenter of the wound. Once the scaffold is surgically implanted it is designed to act as a physical substrate to promote neural repair. Appositional healing to spare spinal cord tissue, decreased post-traumatic cyst formation, and decreased spinal cord tissue pressure have been demonstrated in preclinical models of spinal cord contusion injury. Further, the scaffold safely biodegrades within the body over the time course of weeks to months.

Medgadget: Tell us about the clinical study for acute spinal cord injuries. What is your development plan?

Mr. Perrin: We have enrolled five patients in our initial pilot trial, which was the original clinical plan approved by the FDA. Given our progress, we will continue to enroll patients under the Emergency Use Expanded Access Mechanism on a case-by-case basis, and the safety and outcomes data from these patients will be included in our application for approval. Furthermore, we have also filed an amendment with the FDA to expand the number of patients in the pilot trial. Finally, we are in discussions with the FDA regarding the transition to the pivotal probable benefit study, and our plan is to incorporate the pilot study patients and the Emergency Use patients into the pivotal probable benefit study. We expect to use this single study as the basis for our Humanitarian Device Exemption (HDE) application for product approval, which would allow us to dramatically reduce the time to approval and commercialization.

Medgadget: Sounds like this is showing great promise.

Mr. Perrin: Yes, the first three patients treated with the Neuro-Spinal Scaffold have already experienced significant improvement in motor, sensory, and bowel and/or bladder function. Severity of injuries are measured by specific classifications with complete paralysis being classified as AIS A, which indicates no motor or sensory function below the level of injury. The first of our treated patients with a lower thoracic injury went from AIS A to AIS C at one month, which happens in only about five percent of patients according to the large U.S. and European databases and indicates preserved motor and sensory function below the level of injury. Our third patient with a high thoracic injury went from AIS A to AIS B with preserved sensory function below the level of injury at one month which happens in only about four percent of patients. This is extremely promising as the probability for two out of three patients to make these AIS grade conversions is less than one percent. Our goal is to address the underlying pathology following acute SCI to develop treatment modalities that aim to preserve reversibly injured tissue, heal damaged tissue and ultimately restore function. So far, our initial clinical results are promising.

Medgadget: Whats in the future for InVivo?

Mr. Perrin: We are planning to initiate a clinical plan for cervical spinal cord injury patients with complete paralysis. Following that we plan to conduct a study in those patients with a spinal cord injury that results in partial or incomplete paralysis. Lastly, at the research stage, we are investigating the use of biomaterials with neural stem cells for the 275,000 chronic SCI patients.

For more information, please visit the companys ClinicalTrials.gov registration site:http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT02138110

Link: InVivo Therapeutics homepage

Rachel Kessler

Rachel is a New York City-based writer and health advocate. She grew up in the newsroom, literally. Her parents were reporters at The Washington Post during the Watergate era, where newspaper ink was infused into her blood, like an I.V. She got her start at The Wall Street Journal and then wrote the news for WUSA-TV (Washington, DC/CBS). She later worked in the Brian Ross Unit, the investigative unit at ABC News. She has been writing about health, science and medical topics for many years on a gazillion topics and in almost every therapeutic area from arthritis and oncology to very rare diseases. She is a contributing writer at South Florida Opulence magazine, where the writing team just won First Place for Best Overall Writing/Consumer magazine. She also worked with the editors of US News + World Report on an almanac called The Practical Guide to Practically Everything, which was published by Random House. Rachel holds a B.A. degree in Political Science from Boston University and is a member of the Science Writers in New York (SWINY). Rachel loves discovering trends, clinical trials, inspiring patient stories, and anything new and completely amazing in the field of medicine, science, and health.

Read this article:
Neuro-Spinal Scaffold for Repair of Spinal Cord Injuries ...

Recommendation and review posted by sam

Every one of us completely regenerates our own skin every 7 days. A cut heals itself and disappears in a week or two. Every single cell in our skeleton is replaced every 7 years.

The future of medicine lies in understanding how the body creates itself out of a single cell and the mechanisms by which it renews itself throughout life.

When we achieve this goal, we will be able to replace damaged tissues and help the body regenerate itself, potentially curing or easing the suffering of those afflicted by disorders like heart disease, Alzheimers, Parkinsons, diabetes, spinal cord injury and cancer.

Research at the institute leverages Stanfords many strengths in a way that promotes that goal. The institute brings together experts from a wide range of scientific and medical fields to create a fertile, multidisciplinary research environment.

There are four major research areas of emphasis at the institute:

Theres no way to know, beforehand, which particular avenue of stem cell research will most expediently yield a successful treatment or cure. Therefore, we need to vigorously pursue a broad number of promising leads concurrently.

--Philip A. Pizzo, MD Carl and Elizabeth Naumann Professor Dean, Stanford University School of Medicine

Visit link:
Research - Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine ...

Recommendation and review posted by simmons

Sickle cell anemia (SCD) facts

Sickle cell anemia (sickle cell disease) is a disorder of the blood caused by an inherited abnormal hemoglobin (the oxygen-carrying protein within the red blood cells). The abnormal hemoglobin causes distorted (sickled) red blood cells. The sickled red blood cells are fragile and prone to rupture. When the number of red blood cells decreases from rupture (hemolysis), anemia is the result. This condition is referred to as sickle cell anemia. The irregular sickled cells can also block blood vessels causing tissue and organ damage and pain.

Sickle cell anemia is one of the most common inherited blood anemias. The disease primarily affects Africans and African Americans. It is estimated that in the United States, some 90,000 to 100,000 Americans are afflicted with sickle cell anemia. Overall, current estimates are that one in 500 U.S. African American births is affected with sickle cell anemia.

Sickle cell anemia is inherited as an autosomal (meaning that the gene is not linked to a sex chromosome) recessive condition. This means that the gene can be passed on from a parent carrying it to male and female children. In order for sickle cell anemia to occur, a sickle cell gene must be inherited from both the mother and the father, so that the child has two sickle cell genes.

The inheritance of just one sickle gene is called sickle cell trait or the "carrier" state. Sickle cell trait does not cause sickle cell anemia. Persons with sickle cell trait usually do not have many symptoms of disease and have hospitalization rates and life expectancies identical to unaffected people. When two carriers of sickle cell trait mate, their offspring have a one in four chance of having sickle cell anemia. (In some parts of Africa, one in five persons is a carrier for sickle cell trait.)

Medically Reviewed by a Doctor on 5/21/2015

Sickle Cell Disease (Sickle Cell Anemia) - Experience Question: Please describe your experience with sickle cell disease (sickle cell anemia).

Sickle Cell Disease (Anemia) - Diagnosis Question: How was your sickle cell anemia diagnosed?

Sickle Cell Disease (Sickle Cell Anemia) - Symptoms Question: At what age did symptoms of sickle cell anemia first appear in someone you know? Please describe other symptoms.

Red blood cells are manufactured in the bone marrow. Their unique biconcave shape (think of squeezing a marshmallow between your fingers) increases their storage capacity for hemoglobin molecules that carry oxygen. They also make the cells pliable and soft so they can squeeze through the tiniest blood vessels in the body. In sickle disease, the red blood cells form an abnormal crescent shape that is rigid, causing the red blood cells to be damaged. The cells aren't malleable enough to get through tight spaces, and this can increase the risk of forming blood clots in the small capillaries of different organs causing the potential for organ damage.

See the rest here:
Sickle Cell Anemia: Learn About SCD Symptoms and Treatment

Recommendation and review posted by simmons

What are the symptoms and treatments of sickle cell anemia?

Virtually all of the major symptoms of sickle cell anemia are the direct result of the abnormally shaped, sickled red blood cells blocking the flow of blood that circulates through the tissues of the body. The tissues with impaired circulation suffer damage from lack of oxygen. Damage to tissues and organs of the body can cause severe disability in patients with sickle cell anemia. The patients endure episodes of intermittent "crises" of variable frequency and severity, depending on the degree of organ involvement.

The major features and symptoms of sickle cell anemia include:

Some features of sickle cell anemia, such as fatigue, anemia, pain crises, and bone infarcts can occur at any age. Many features typically occur in certain age groups.

Sickle cell anemia usually first presents in the first year of life. Infants and younger children can suffer with fever, abdominal pain, pneumococcal bacterial infections, painful swellings of the hands and feet (dactylitis), and splenic sequestration. Adolescents and young adults more commonly develop leg ulcers, aseptic necrosis, and eye damage. Symptoms in adult typically are intermittent pain episodes due to injury of bone, muscle, or internal organs.

Affected infants do not develop symptoms in the first few months of life because the hemoglobin produced by the developing fetus (fetal hemoglobin) protects the red blood cells from sickling. This fetal hemoglobin is absent in the red blood cells that are produced after birth so that by 5 months of age, the sickling of the red blood cells is prominent and symptoms begin.

The treatment of sickle cell anemia is directed to the individual features of the illness present. In general treatment is directed at the management and prevention of the acute manifestations as well as therapies directed toward blocking the red blood cells from stacking together. There is no single remedy to reverse the anemia. It is, therefore, important that affected individuals and their family members have an optimal understanding of the illness and that communication with the doctors and medical personnel be maintained.

Fatigue is a common symptom in persons with sickle cell anemia. Sickle cell anemia causes a chronic form of anemia which can lead to fatigue. The sickled red blood cells are prone to breakage (hemolysis) which causes reduced red blood cell life span (the normal life span of a red blood cell is 120 days). These sickled red blood cells are easily detected with a microscope examination of a smear of blood on a glass slide.

Typically, the site of red blood cell production (bone marrow) works overtime to produce these cells rapidly, attempting to compensate for their destruction in the circulation. Occasionally, the bone marrow suddenly stops producing the red blood cells which causes a very severe form of anemia (aplastic crises). Aplastic crises can be promoted by infections that otherwise would seem less significant, including viruses of the stomach and bowels and the flu (influenza).

The anemia of sickle cell anemia tends to stabilize without specific treatments. The degree of anemia is defined by measurement of the blood hemoglobin level. Hemoglobin is the protein molecule in red blood cells which carries oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs. Blood hemoglobin levels in persons with sickle cell anemia are generally between 6 to 8 gms/dl (normal levels are above 11 gms/dl). Occasionally, there can be a severe drop in hemoglobin requiring a blood transfusion to correct the anemia (such as in patients suffering splenic sequestration). Blood transfusion is usually reserved for those patients with other complications, including pneumonia, lung infarction, stroke, severe leg ulceration, or late pregnancy. (Among the risks of blood transfusion are hepatitis, infection, immune reaction, and injury to body tissues from iron overload.) Transfusions are also given to patients to prepare them for surgical procedures. Folic acid is given as a supplement. Sometimes a red blood cell exchange is performed. This process removes some of the sickle blood cells and replaces them with normal (non-sickle) blood cells. It is done when the sickle cell crisis is so sever that other forms of treatment are not helping.

Pain crises in persons with sickle cell anemia are intermittent painful episodes that are the result of inadequate blood supply to body tissues. The impaired circulation is caused by the blockage of various blood vessels from the sickling of red blood cells. The sickled red blood cells slow or completely impede the normal flow of blood through the tissues. This leads to excruciating pain, often requiring hospitalization and opiate medication for relief. The pain typically is throbbing and can change its location from one body area to another. Bones are frequently affected. Pain in the abdomen with tenderness is common and can mimic appendicitis. Fever frequently is associated with the pain crises.

A pain crisis can be promoted by preceding dehydration, infection, injury, cold exposure, emotional stress, or strenuous exercise. As a prevention measure, persons with sickle cell anemia should avoid extremes of heat and cold.

Pain crises require analgesia for pain and increased fluid intake. Dehydration must be prevented to avoid further injury to the tissues and intravenous fluids can be necessary. Along with the fluids clotrimazole and magnesium are often given. Other modalities, such as biofeedback, self-hypnosis, and/or electrical nerve stimulation may be helpful.

Hydroxyurea is a medication that is currently being used in adults and children with severe pain from sickle cell anemia. It is also considered for those with recurrent strokes and frequent transfusions. This drug acts by increasing the amount of fetal hemoglobin in the blood (this form of hemoglobin is resistant to sickling of the red blood cells). The response to hydroxyurea is variable and unpredictable from patient to patient. Hydroxyurea can be suppressive to the bone marrow.

Swelling and inflammation of the hands and/or feet is often an early sign of sickle cell anemia. The swelling involves entire fingers and/or toes and is called dactylitis. Dactylitis is caused by injury to the bones of the affected digits by repeated episodes of inadequate blood circulation. Dactylitis generally occurs in children with sickle cell anemia from age 6 months to 8 years.

Joint inflammation (arthritis) with pain, swelling, tenderness, and limited range of motion can accompany the dactylitis. Sometimes, not only the joints of the hands or feet are affected, but also a knee or an elbow.

The inflammation from dactylitis and arthritis can be reduced by anti-inflammation medications, such as ibuprofen and aspirin.

Lung infection (pneumonia) is extremely common in children with sickle cell anemia and is also the most common reason for hospitalization. Pneumonia can be slow to respond to antibiotics. The type of bacteria that is frequently the cause of pneumonia is called the pneumococcus. (This is, in part, due to the increased susceptibility to this particular bacteria when the spleen is poorly functioning.) Vaccination against pneumococcal infection is generally recommended.

Children with sickle cell anemia are also at risk for infection of the brain and spinal fluid (meningitis). Bacteria that are frequent causes of this infection include the Pneumococcus and Haemophilus bacteria.

Furthermore, children with sickle cell anemia are at risk for an unusual form of bone infection (osteomyelitis). The infection is typically from a bacteria called Salmonella.

Bacterial infections can be serious and even overwhelming for patients with sickle cell anemia. Early detection and antibiotic treatment are the keys to minimizing complications. Any child with sickle cell anemia must be evaluated by medical professionals when fever or other signs of infection (such as unexplained pain or cough) appear.

Over time, the spleen can become damaged and stop working, which increases the risk of developing various severe infections.

It has been demonstrated that the liver, and especially the spleen, are organs that are very active in removing sickled red blood cells from the circulation of persons with sickle cell anemia. This process can accelerate suddenly. Sudden pooling of blood in the spleen is referred to as splenic sequestration.

Splenic sequestration can cause very severe anemia and even result in death.

The spleen is commonly enlarged (splenomegaly) in younger children with sickle cell anemia. As the spleen is repeatedly injured by damage from impaired blood supply, it gradually shrinks with scarring. Impairment of the normal function of the spleen increases the tendency to become infected with bacteria.

Sudden pooling of blood in the spleen (splenic sequestration) can result in a very severe anemia and death. These patients can develop shock and lose consciousness. Transfusion of blood and fluids can be critical if this occurs.

Liver enlargement (hepatomegaly) occurs as it becomes congested with red blood cells as well. The liver is often firm and can become tender. Impaired liver function can result in yellowing of the eyes (jaundice). The gallbladder, which drains bile from the liver, can fill with gallstones. Inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecystitis) can cause nausea and vomiting and require its removal.

Aside from lung infection (pneumonia), the lungs of children with sickle cell anemia can also be injured by inadequate circulation of blood which causes areas of tissue death. This lung damage can be difficult to distinguish from pneumonia and is known as acute chest syndrome. These localized areas of lung tissue damage are referred to as pulmonary infarcts. Pulmonary infarcts often require a special x-ray test using a dye injected into the affected areas (angiogram) for diagnosis. Repeated pulmonary infarcts can lead to scarring of the lungs of children with sickle cell anemia by the time they reach adolescence.

The heart is frequently enlarged in children with sickle cell anemia. Rapid heart rates and murmurs are common. The heart muscle can also be injured by infarcts and iron depositing in the muscle as it leaks from the ruptured red blood cells. Over time, the heart muscle weakens and the heart pumps blood more and more poorly.

Injuries to the lungs or heart are treated according to the specific type of damage and the degree of impairment of organ function. Supplementary oxygen can be required. Infections of the lungs require aggressive antibiotics. Transfusions can sometimes help prevent further damage to the lung tissue. Heart failure can require medications to assist the heart in more effectively pumping blood to the body.

The legs of patients with sickle cell anemia are susceptible to skin breakdown and ulceration. This seems to be a result of the stagnant blood flow caused by the sickled red blood cells. Injury to the skin of the legs or ankles can promote skin damage and ulceration.

Leg ulcers most commonly occur in adults and usually form over the ankles and sides of the lower legs. The ulcers can become severe, even encircling the leg, and are prone to infection.

Leg ulcers can become chronic and resistant to many treatments. Oral antibiotics and topical creams are often used. Elevation of the leg, careful dressing changes, and other topical therapies can be helpful. Some ulcers can be so resistant that skin grafting is recommended, though this may be compromised by impaired healing.

Inadequate circulation of the blood, which is characteristic of sickle cell anemia, also causes areas of death of bone tissue (bone infarction). Aseptic necrosis, or localized bone death, is a result of inadequate oxygen supply to the bone. Aseptic necrosis is also referred to as osteonecrosis.

While virtually any bone can be affected, the most common are the bones of the thighs, legs, and arms. The result can permanently damage or deform the hips, shoulders, or knees. Pain, tenderness, and disability frequently are signs of aseptic necrosis. Painful bone infarcts can be relieved by rest and pain medications.

Aseptic necrosis can permanently damage large joints (such as the hips or shoulders). Local pain can be relieved and worsening of the condition can be prevented by avoiding weight bearing. With more severe damage, total joint replacement may be needed to restore function.

The critical area of the eye that normally senses light is called the retina. The retina is in the back of the eye and is nourished by many tiny blood vessels. Impairment of the circulation from the sickling of red blood cells results in damage to the retina (retinopathy). The result can be partial or complete blindness.

Bleeding can also occur within the eye (retinal hemorrhage) and retinal detachment can result. Retinal detachment can lead to blindness.

Once blindness occurs, it is usually permanent. Preventative measures, such as laser treatments, can be used if bleeding into the eye and retinal detachment are detected early.

Additional features of sickle cell anemia include weakening of bones from osteoporosis, kidney damage and infection, and nervous system damage. Osteoporosis can lead to severe pain in the back and deformity from collapse of the spine (vertebrae). Kidney damage can lead to poor kidney function with a resulting imbalance of blood sodium and acidity as well as bleeding into the urine. Kidney infection can cause pelvic pain and require hospitalization with antibiotic treatment. Injury to the nervous system can result from meningitis or sickle cell anemia itself. Poor blood circulation in the brain can cause stroke, convulsions, and coma.

Damage to the brain from stroke can cause permanent loss of function to areas of the body. Transfusion of blood and fluids intravenously can be critical. Medications to reduce the chance of seizures are sometimes added. If stroke results in long-term impairment of function, physical therapy, speech therapy, and occupational therapy can be helpful.

Priapism, an abnormally persistent erection of the penis in the absence of sexual desire, can occur in persons with sickle cell anemia. Priapism can lead to impotence and damage to affected tissues.

Medically Reviewed by a Doctor on 5/21/2015

Sickle Cell Disease (Sickle Cell Anemia) - Experience Question: Please describe your experience with sickle cell disease (sickle cell anemia).

Sickle Cell Disease (Anemia) - Diagnosis Question: How was your sickle cell anemia diagnosed?

Sickle Cell Disease (Sickle Cell Anemia) - Symptoms Question: At what age did symptoms of sickle cell anemia first appear in someone you know? Please describe other symptoms.

View original post here:
Sickle Cell Disease (Sickle Cell Anemia ... - MedicineNet

Recommendation and review posted by simmons

In mammals, sex is determined by two sex chromosomes, known as the X and the Y chromosomes. Genes located on either the X or the Y chromosome are known as "sex-linked" genes. Genes on any chromosomes other than the X or Y are known as autosomal genes. The Karyotype: A Visualization of the Chromosomes Normal female mammals have two X chromosomes. Normal males have one X and one Y chromosome. This can be seen in this human male karyotype: The X and Y chromosomes appear at the bottom right corner of the image. If this were a female, the two sex chromosomes would both be relatively larger X chromosomes. As you can see, compared to the X chromosome, the Y chromosome is small and carries fewer genes.

The exact genes carried on the X chromosome varies among species. In humans, for example, the gene coding for normal clotting factors and the gene coding for normal cone photoreceptor pigment are located on the X chromosome. Abnormal mutant forms of these genes can result in hemophilia (a potentially fatal disorder in which the blood fails to clot) in the former case, and red-green color blindness in the latter.

There are two possible (normal) male genotypes:

At a certain point in the embryonic development of every female mammal (including cats), one of the two X chromosomes in each cell inactivates by supercoiling into a structure known as a Barr Body. This irreversible process is known as Lyonization; it leaves only ONE active X chromosome in each cell of the female embryo. Only the alleles on the active (uncoiled) X chromosome are expressed.

Lyonization is random in each cell: there's no way to predict which of the two X chromosomes will become inactivated. Hence, any given cell of a heterozygous female could end up as either of the following:

A heterozygous cat will be a patchwork of these two types of cells. Lyonization takes place relatively early in development, when the cat is still a blastula, and all the cells descended from a blastomere with a particular X chromosome inactivated as a Barr Body will also have the same Barr Body inactivated. That means that all the skin tissues that arise from a cell like the left one will express black fur, and all the skin tissue that arise from a cell like the right one will express orange fur. Hence:

Here's an overview:

This is why calico cats are almost invariably female.

A calico cat is a tortoiseshell expressing an additional genetic condition known as piebalding. A piebald animal has patches of white (i.e., unpigmented) skin/fur. This is controlled by a different locus (S) than the black/orange fur colors.

The patches may be relatively large, or rather small and interwoven:

Larger patches may be caused by:

See more here:
The Genetics of Calico Cats - Department of Biology

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Tortoiseshell describes a coat coloring found almost exclusively in female cats,[1][2] so called because of the similarity to the tortoiseshell material. Also called Torties for short, these cats combine two colors other than white, either closely mixed or in large patches.[2] The colors are often described as red and black, but "red" can instead be orange, yellow, or cream[2] and "black" can instead be chocolate, grey, tabby, or blue.[2] A tortoiseshell cat with the tabby pattern as one of its colors is a Torbie.

"Tortoiseshell" is typically reserved for cats with relatively small or no white markings. Those that are largely white with tortoiseshell patches are described as tricolor,[2] tortoiseshell-and-white (in the United Kingdom), or calico (in Canada and the United States). Tortoiseshell markings appear in many different breeds as well as in non-purebred domestic cats.[3] This pattern is especially preferred in the Japanese Bobtail breed.[4]

Tortoiseshell cats have coats with patches of various shades of red and black, as well as white. The size of the patches can vary from a fine speckled pattern to large areas of color. Typically, the more white a cat has, the more solid the patches of color. Dilution genes may modify the coloring, lightening the fur to a mix of cream and blue, lilac or fawn. The markings on tortoiseshell cats are usually asymmetrical. Occasionally tabby patterns of black and brown (eumelanistic) and red (phaeomelanistic) colors are also seen. These patched tabbies are often called tortie-tabby, torbie or, with large white areas, caliby.[5] Tortoiseshell can also be expressed in the point pattern.

Frequently there will be a "split face" pattern with black on one side of the face and orange on the other, with the dividing line running down the bridge of the nose.

Tortoiseshell and calico coats result from an interaction between genetic and developmental factors. The primary gene for coat color (B) for the colors brown, chocolate, cinnamon, etc., can be masked by the co-dominant gene for the orange color (O) which is on the X Chromosome and has two alleles, the Orange (XO) and not-Orange (Xo), that produce orange phaeomelanin and black eumelanin pigments, respectively. (NOTE: Typically, the X for the chromosome is assumed from context and the alleles are referred to by just the uppercase O for the orange, or lower case o for the not-orange.) The Tortoiseshell and Calico cats are indicated: Oo to indicate they are heterozygous on the O gene. The (B) and (O) genes can be further modified by a recessive dilute gene (dd) which softens the colors. Orange becomes Cream, Black becomes Gray, etc. Various terms are used for specific colors, for example, Gray is also called Blue, Orange is also called Ginger. Therefore a Tortoiseshell cat may be a Chocolate Tortoiseshell or a Blue/Cream Tortoiseshell or the like, based on the alleles for the (B) and (D) genes.

The cells of female cats, which like other mammalian females have two X chromosomes (XX), undergo the phenomenon of X-inactivation,[6][7] in which one or the other of the X-chromosomes is turned off at random in each cell in very early development. The inactivated X becomes a Barr body. Cells in which the chromosome carrying the Orange (O) allele is inactivated express the alternative non-Orange (o) allele, determined by the (B) gene. Cells in which the non-Orange (o) allele is inactivated express the Orange (O) allele. Pigment genes are expressed in melanocytes that migrate to the skin surface later in development. In bi-colored tortoiseshell cats, the melanocytes arrive relatively early, and the two cell types become intermingled, producing the characteristic brindled appearance consisting of an intimate mixture of orange and black cells, with occasional small diffuse spots of orange and black.

In tri-colored calico cats, a separate gene interacts developmentally with the coat color gene. This spotting gene produces white, unpigmented patches by delaying the migration of the melanocytes to the skin surface. There are a number of alleles of this gene that produce greater or lesser delays. The amount of white is artificially divided into mitted, bicolor, harlequin, and van, going from almost no white to almost completely white. In the extreme case, no melanocytes make it to the skin and the cat is entirely white (but not an albino). In intermediate cases, melanocyte migration is slowed, so that the pigment cells arrive late in development and have less time to intermingle. Observation of tri-color cats will show that, with a little white color, the orange and black patches become more defined, and with still more white, the patches become completely distinct. Each patch represents a clone of cells derived from one original cell in the early embryo.[8]

A male cat, like males of other therian mammals, has only one X and one Y chromosome (XY). That X chromosome does not undergo X-inactivation, and coat color is determined by which allele is present on the X. Accordingly the cat's coat will be either entirely orange or non-orange. Very rarely (approximately 1 in 3,000[9]) a male tortoiseshell or calico is born. These animals typically have an extra X chromosome (XXY), a condition known in humans as Klinefelter syndrome, and their cells undergo an X-inactivation process like that in females. As in humans, these cats often are sterile because of the imbalance in sex chromosomes. Some male calico or tortoiseshell cats may be chimeras, which result from the fusion in early development of two embryos with different color genotypes. Others are mosaics, in which the XXY condition arises after conception and the cat is a mixture of cells with different numbers of X chromosomes.

Cats of this coloration are believed to bring good luck in the folklore of many cultures.[10] In the United States, these are sometimes referred to as money cats.[11]

According to cat expert Jackson Galaxy, tortoiseshell cats tend to have a much more distinct personality.[12] The magazine of the Smithsonian Institution has reported that studies suggest many tortoiseshell owners believe their cats have increased attitude and they call it "tortitude" but science does not support this.[13]

Continued here:
Tortoiseshell cat - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

In What is cloning? we learned what it means to clone an individual organism. Given its high profile in the popular media, the topic of cloning brings up some common, and often confusing, misconceptions.

Let's say you wanted a clone to do your homework. After reviewing What is Cloning? and Click and Clone, you've figured out, generally, how to make a clone. Knowing what you know, do you think this approach would really help you finish your homework...this decade?

A common belief is that a clone, if created, would magically appear at the same age as the original. This simply isn't true. You remember that cloning is a way to create an embryo, not a full-grown individual. The embryo, once created, must develop exactly the same way as a regular embryo made by joining egg and sperm. Your clone would need a surrogate mother and ample time to grow and fully develop into an individual.

Your beloved cat Frankie has been a loyal companion for years. Recently, though, Frankie has been showing signs of old age, and you realize that your friend's days are numbered. You can't bear the thought of living without her, so you contact a biotechnology company that advertises pet cloning services. For a fee, this company will clone Frankie using DNA from a sample of her somatic cells. You're thrilled: you'll soon have a carbon copy of Frankiewe'll call her Frankie #2and you'll never have to live without your pal! Right?

Not exactly. Are you familiar with the phrase "nature versus nurture?" Basically, this means that while genes help determine traits, environmental influences have a considerable impact on shaping an individual's physical appearance and personality. For example, do you know any identical twins? They are genetically the same, but do they really look and act exactly alike?

So, even though Frankie #2 is genetically identical to the original Frankie, she will grow and develop in a completely different environment than the original Frankie, she will have a different mother, and she will be exposed to different experiences throughout her development and life. Therefore, there is only a slim chance that Frankie #2 will closely resemble the Frankie you know and love.

Another difference between a clone and the original is the mitochondria. Mitochondria are organelles that sit inside nearly every cell. Their job is to burn fuel (from the food we eat) to make energy. Mitochondria have their own chromosome, made of DNA and divided into genes, and they divide as our cells divide.

We get our mitochondria from our mothers. Egg cells are packed with mitochondria, which are copied and distributed to new cells as they form. When a clone is made using nuclear transfer, the egg cell that's used to receive the donor nucleus is already filled with mitochondria contributed by the egg donor. As the clone develops, its cells will be filled with these mitochondriaand their genesrather than the mitochondria from the DNA donor.

Nature vs. Nurture. Find out why twins become increasingly different as they age in Epigenetics.

Clones can be made in the lab through artificial embryo twinning or nuclear transfer. But these aren't the only ways to make a clone.

Clones are simply identical genetic copies. Many organisms reproduce through cloning as a matter of course, through a process called asexual reproduction. Bacteria, yeast, and single-celled protozoa multiply by making copies of their DNA and dividing in two. Redwood and aspen trees send up shoots from their roots, which grow into trees that are genetically identical to the parent.

In the animal world, the eggs of female aphids grow into identical genetic copies of their motherwithout being fertilized by a male. If a starfish is chopped in half, both pieces can regenerate, forming two complete, genetically identical individuals. Even mammals form natural clones: identical twins are a common example in many species.

Learn more about Sexual and Asexual Reproduction.

Humans have been cloning plants for at least a couple thousand years. Many of the fruits we eatincluding bananas, grapes, and applescome from artificially created clones. Unlike the complex process of cloning a mammal, cloning a plant can be as simple as cutting a branch from one tree and grafting it onto another.

Animal cloning also has a long history. Artificial embryo twinning, which involves dividing an early embryo to form separate, genetically identical organisms, was first done in a vertebrate over 100 years ago. And the first successful nuclear transfer was done in a frog in the 1970s.

Learn more about The History of Cloning.

While animal cloning still has a high failure rate, and some well-known clones (including Dolly the sheep) have had health problems, clones are not necessarily "damaged." Many live long, healthy lives. One racing mule clone was at one time ranked third in the world. And a barrel-racing horse clone was not only born healthy, but at two years old he was also collecting a stud fee of $4,000 for his owners.

One reason for cloning's high failure rate seems to be incomplete resetting of the somatic cell's DNA. During egg and sperm formation, DNA is "reset" to a baseline or embryonic state. As the embryo develops, cells begin to differentiate into muscle, nerve, liver, and other types. Part of the differentiation process involves adding and removing chemical tags on the DNA, which keeps genes turned "on" that are necessary for the function of that cell type and keeps others turned "off."

Learn more about this process in Epigenetics.

APA format: Genetic Science Learning Center (2014, June 22) Cloning Myths. Learn.Genetics. Retrieved September 25, 2015, from http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/cloning/cloningmyths/ MLA format: Genetic Science Learning Center. "Cloning Myths." Learn.Genetics 25 September 2015 <http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/cloning/cloningmyths/> Chicago format: Genetic Science Learning Center, "Cloning Myths," Learn.Genetics, 22 June 2014, <http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/cloning/cloningmyths/> (25 September 2015)

Read the original here:
Cloning Myths - Learn Genetics

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

"Incredible hormone replacement program for anyone who wants to feel great, have more energy, vitality and all the physical and mental health to live life with passion and abundance! Warren H

Increased Strength

Higher Energy

Less Fat

Greater Sex Drive

Do you feel sluggish or tired? Are you overweight? Are you living life to the fullest? Hormone Replacement Therapy can help you live the life you want to live. Physicians Rejuvenation Centers Hormone Replacement Therapy Program can help you lose fat, gain muscle, increase energy levels and improve sex drive. You will look and feel years younger! Physicians Rejuvenation Centers is dedicated to your overall health and wellness. We are experts in the field of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT). We have helped thousands of patients achieve a better quality of life through our private, personalized, medically approved and supervised HRT programs.

When visiting Physician's Rejuvenation Centers for a physician's in-person evaluation, please see our Travel Info Page.

See original here:
HRT | Hormone Replacement Therapy | Testosterone

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Endocrinologists are specially trained physicians who diagnose diseases related to the glands. The diseases they are trained to treat often affect other parts of the body beyond glands. While primary care doctors know a lot about the human body, for diseases and conditions directly related to glands they will usually send a patient to an endocrinologist.

The glands in a person's body release hormones. Endocrinologists treat people who suffer from hormonal imbalances, typically from glands in the endocrine system. The overall goal of treatment is to restore the normal balance of hormones found in a patient's body. Some of the more common conditions treated by endocrinologists include:

Most of the work performed by an endocrinologist serves as the basis for ongoing research. Some endocrinologists work solely as research physicians. The goal of the research is to come up with new ways to better treat hormonal imbalances, including the development of new drugs.

The first step to become an endocrinologist is earning a bachelor's degree from an accredited college or university. Toward the end of the bachelor's program, a student will then have to apply for and be accepted to medical school. Once accepted, four more years of schooling will have to be completed. Most endocrinologists will complete a residency that lasts anywhere from three to four years. After schooling has been completed, it is then mandated that a state licensure be obtained.

Common courses that will have to be completed to become an endocrinologist include:

It usually takes at least 10 years for a person to complete all of the necessary coursework, schooling and training to become an endocrinologist. From the year 2010 through 2020, there is an expected growth rate of 24 percent for this position. Before a person starts the educational path to becoming this type of physician, it is highly recommended that he or she carefully consider whether or not it is the right path.

See the original post here:
What is an Endocrinologist? What does an Endocrinologist ...

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Since 2003 we have been providing men and women with the best in evidence-based hormone replacement therapy, anti-aging, and integrative wellness programs. With headquarters in South Florida, and facilities nationwide, AAG HealthGAINS has established a reputation as pioneers and innovators in hormone optimization programs, testosterone therapy, and the safe and effective use of human growth hormone.

Our Chief Medical Officer is renowned physician Dr. Richard Gaines. Dr. Gaines is Harvard trained and is a pioneer in the use of Hormone Replacement Therapy.

His understating of hormone balance and optimal aging is unparalleled in the industry, in fact Dr. Richard Gaines wrote the book,Dr. Gaines Guide to Renewed Vitality ". In it he describes lifestyle changes to help you be your best at any age, and the benefits of hormone therapy, and breakthrough new procedures such as Platelet Rich Plasma Therapies.

We offer a variety of optimal aging and integrative wellness programs, all tailored to your individual needs, and all overseen by Dr. Gaines himself.

AAG HealthGAINS has always been a pioneer in evidence-based, scientifically proven age management techniques and programs. We are often the very first in your area to offer cutting-age anti-aging treatments, while other facilities struggle to play catch-up. We are dedicated to helping you achieve your peak performance at any age, and to adding more years to your life, and more life to your years!

Contact us today (800) 325-1325 and speak with one of our wellness advisors, and be sure to ask about the SPECIAL OFFERS and current PROMOTIONS in your areas of interest.

More here:
AAG Health - Hormone Replacement Therapy | HGH & Testosterone

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Serving Westminster, Centennial, Cherry Creek, Longmont, Lone Tree, Parker, Littleton, and all of Denver

Biovive Medicine Colorados Leading Bioidentical Hormone Therapy Clinic

At BioViveMD, part of the BodyLogicMD physicians network, we dont cut corners.BioViveMD, is the anti-aging clinic where we take a comprehensive, cutting-edge, yet common sense approach to your health. At BioviveMD, we provide effective non-surgical alternatives to your anti-aging, skin rejuvenation, and sexual wellness needs. Restoring and maintaining health requires a multifaceted and comprehensive assessment of your needs there is no single supplement or pill to address the complexity of the human body. We focus on the foundations of health with hormone replacement and nutritional guidance, and further expand upon treatment tailored to the individual needs of each patient. We also embrace revolutionary techniques using platelet rich plasma (PRP), including the renowned Vampire Series of aesthetic treatments, the O-Shot and Priapus Shot sexual wellness therapies that promote true cellular rejuvenation, and the use of PRP for hair regrowth and regeneration.

Aging happens, but looking and feeling youthful is often something that we can improve and control. We strive to provide safe and effective solutions for optimal health by advocating preventive and non-surgical alternatives to establish enduring optimal wellness.We work with you to explore your specific health concerns in designing a comprehensive health plan, and we focus on education as well so that you understand the steps you are taking for a better future. Together, lets find a healthy and vibrant you!

We are not a bargain health business. Rather, we seek a long-term relationship with our clients. We want to be your true partner in wellness, rejuvenation and anti-aging. From weight loss and detoxification to sexual wellness andfacial rejuvenation, we provide the knowledge, experience and skills to effectively and safely effect positive change in your life.

See the article here:
Denver Bioidentical Hormone Therapy Clinic - Biovive Medicine

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith