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Using stem cells, woman joins brothers cancer fight

GOLTRY, Okla. Armed with stem cells, a Goltry area woman will be heading to Milwaukee next week to join in her brothers cancer fight.

Jeni Sumner was the only match among family members tested to donate stem cells to her younger brother, Ed Dee.

To me, Ive been given a gift. I know everybodys congratulating me and saying its a wonderful thing, and not taking it away from that, but I think Ive been given just a tremendous gift, Sumner said.

Along with helping her brother, Sumner is trying to encourage others to join the bone marrow donor registry.

I think a lot of people are afraid to join because they might get called, because they dont know what its like to be a donor, she said. I want more people to become aware of what its actually like to be a donor.

Sumner set up a Facebook page It Doesnt Hurt - To Save a Life to chronicle everything she will go through, as a donor, during the procedure.

Its an unknown for me, but its nothing compared to what my brothers going through, she said. I know the feeling that I got when I got the call from the doctor saying that I was his donor. The relief and the joy that I felt that our family doesnt have to look anymore. If anything happens, were covered because we have a donor, we have a match. The feeling that I got was incredible, she said.

Dee, of Milwaukee, Wis., was diagnosed with acute myelogenous leukemia last year. Sumner said he went into remission last October.

Unfortunately, the cancer came back. This type of leukemia is a very dangerous and aggressive form. He, every couple of weeks, would go in for a blood test and this March he was informed that his leukemia had come back, she said. His doctors feel that a stem cell transplant would be the best for him, at this time.

Following the return of the cancer, Dee went through five days of rigorous chemotherapy to put him back into remission. He recently finished a lower dose session of chemo, Sumner said.

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The Adult Stem Cell Technology Center, LLC Announces New Technology for Preventing Catastrophic Adult Stem Cell …

Boston, MA (PRWEB) June 03, 2014

Today, Dr. James L. Sherley, the Director of Bostons Adult Stem Cell Technology Center, LLC (ASCTC) described a new technology for identification of new drug candidates that are toxic to adult stem cell cells in the human body. The new AlphaSTEM technology is the first of its kind to address a long-standing unmet need in the pharmaceutical industry.

Dr. Sherley presented the AlphaSTEM technology at the 7th Annual Massachusetts Life Sciences Innovation Day (MALSI Day 2014; http://www.mattcenter.org/malsi-day-2014/home.html) at the Harvard Club of Boston. ASCTC is one of a select number of start-up companies invited to present posters on their newest innovative biotechnologies at the all day event, which features the best and brightest life sciences innovations of the year.

Just as adult stem cells are crucial for life and normal organ function, their safety is crucial for successful treatment with new drugs. Even if a new drug has high activity against a disease or disorder; it will not be an effective treatment, if it is also too toxic to adult stem cells.

Adult stem cells are found in all renewing tissues and organs of the human body, like hair, skin, liver, and even the brain. They are responsible for replacing old mature tissue cells with new young cells. They are also essential cells for repairing injured tissues and wounds.

Some drugs are known to harm adult stem cells. Examples of these are many cancer drugs. Cancer drugs are often administered at the highest doses at which patients can tolerate the adverse effects of the drugs on adult stem cells. ASCTCs AlphaSTEM technology could accelerate discovery of better cancer drugs with less adult stem cell toxicity.

The major application proposed for the new AlphaSTEM technology is use by pharmaceutical companies to identify adult stem cell-toxic drugs before initiating clinical trials with them or entering the marketplace. Drug failure in clinical trials due to safety concerns is a major unrecovered cost of drug development. Chronic adult stem cell toxicity that now may go undetected until after marketing can result in tragic deaths for patients and catastrophic injury liabilities for the responsible drug companies. The Merck drug Vioxx is an example of such an unfortunate mishap.

The problem faced by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the pharmaceutical industry is how to monitor drug effects on adult stem cells, when the cells are difficult to identify, isolate, produce, and count. The solution presented by ASCTC was a computer simulation approach based on the universal tissue cell production properties of adult stem cells.

ASCTC partnered with AlphaSTAR Corporation, a leading global provider of simulation technologies, to develop the AlphaSTEM software program that can simulate the culture multiplication of adult tissue stem cells found in any human tissue. AlphaSTEM technology not only has the power to detect drug toxicity against adult stem cells, but also against other specialized types of tissue cells specifically.

Director Sherley predicted that the introduction of AlphaSTEM technology into the pharmaceutical industry would have many immediate benefits. With relatively inexpensive detection of drugs destined to fail in expensive clinical trials, the new technology could save billions of currently wasted dollars, reducing overall drug development costs in the U.S. by as much as 20%. These savings could accelerate the rate of arrival of new effective drugs to patients by a comparable reduction in time. AlphaSTEM technology may also reduce the occurrence of drugs thought safe, but which actual have a lurking toxicity that emerges as lethal to some patients with wider and longer use.

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The Adult Stem Cell Technology Center, LLC Announces New Technology for Preventing Catastrophic Adult Stem Cell ...

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'Clever' DNA may help bacteria survive

4 hours ago A-DNA (left) B-DNA (right)

(Phys.org) Scientists have discovered that bacteria can reshape their DNA to survive dehydration.

The research, published today in the journal Journal of the Royal Society Interface, shows that bacterial DNA can change from the regular double helix known as B-DNA, to the more compact A-DNA form, when faced with hostile conditions such as dehydration.

Crucially, scientists have pinpointed a unique process in DNA, called the B-A-B transition, which allows it to change its structure in response to environmental change. Without impacting on the ability of the bacteria to function and reproduce, this unique structural alteration sees the B-DNA change to A-DNA, and then revert back to its original B-DNA form to ensure the bacteria survive.

Associate Professor Bayden Wood, from Monash University said the study gives vital new information on how bacteria can survive periods of time in arid environments.

"Our findings may be important in understanding how dormant bacteria that are transferred from dry surfaces may become active and reproduce in the human body,' Associate Professor Wood said.

PhD student and first author of the paper, Donna Whelan said the most common form of DNA found in most organisms is B-DNA. However, the A-form has been thought to show protective qualities to allow bacterial spores to survive high UV exposure and other extreme environmental conditions.

"Our research, which utilised infrared light to investigate the structure of DNA inside live bacteria, demonstrates that bacteria can survive by adopting the A-DNA form after the majority of water is removed and that really is groundbreaking," Donna Whelan said.

The new findings build on research led by Associate Professor Wood and Donna Whelan in 2011 at the Australian Synchrotron, which indicated the same B-A-B DNA transition occurs in all cell types. Significantly, the team has now discovered this change may have a biological function in bacteria, potentially assisting them to survive dehydration.

Associate Professor Bayden Wood said the ability for DNA to transform and then change back again in human cells had puzzled scientists until now.

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stem cell therapy-treatment for adhd by dr alok sharma, mumbai, india – Video


stem cell therapy-treatment for adhd by dr alok sharma, mumbai, india
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Funding windfall rescues abandoned stem-cell trial

NIBSC/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY

Embryonic stem cells may have the ability to repair damaged tissue.

A landmark stem-cell trial is sputtering back to life two-and-a-half years after it was abandoned by the California company that started it. But it now faces a fresh set of challenges, including a field that is packed with competitors.

The trial aims to test whether cells derived from human embryonic stem cells can help nerves to regrow in cases of spinal-cord injury. It was stopped abruptly in 2011 by Geron of Menlo Park, California (see Nature 479, 459; 2011); the firm said at the time that it wanted to focus on several promising cancer treatments instead. Now, a new company Asterias Biotherapeutics, also of Menlo Park plans to resurrect the trial with a US$14.3-million grant that it received on 29May from the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (CIRM), the states stem-cell-funding agency.

But the field has moved on since Geron treated its first patient in 2010, and the therapy that Asterias inherited is no longer the only possibility for spinal-cord injury. StemCells, a biotechnology company in Newark, California, has treated 12 patients in a safety study of a different type of stem cell, and it plans to start a more advanced trial this year to test effectiveness. And another entrant to the field, Neuralstem of Germantown, Maryland, received regulatory approval in January 2013 to begin human tests of its stem-cell product.

Gerons human trial was the first approved to use cells derived from human embryonic stem cells. But regulators halted it twice, once citing concerns about the purity and predictability of the cells being implanted, and again after the company reported seeing microscopic cysts in the spinal cords of rats that had been treated in preclinical studies. The worry was that the cysts could be teratomas uncontrolled growths that can form from embryonic stem cells, a feared side effect of treatment. Geron later said that the growths were not teratomas, and the US Food and Drug Administration allowed the trial to proceed. But after injecting the cells into five of the ten intended patients, the company said that it had run out of money for the trial.

Geron founder Michael West and former chief executive Thomas Okarma then formed Asterias, which bought Gerons stem-cell therapy last year. The company plans first to treat three patients with spinal-cord damage in the neck, using a low dose of the stem cells; it will then treat different people with higher doses to see if the therapy can restore any sensation or function in the trunk or limbs.

The five patients previously treated by Geron, whom Asterias continues to track, had cord damage at chest level. On 22May, Asterias reported that none of those five had experienced serious side effects from the treatment or developed immune responses to it.

Researchers say that the continuation of the former Geron trial is important because it uses a type of cell different from the fetus-derived ones used by StemCells and Neuralstem. Geron surgically implanted embryonic stem cells that had been coaxed in vitro to grow into immature myelinated glial cells, which insulate nerve fibres when mature. The other companies are using partially differentiated cells derived from fetal brain tissue, which might produce substances that protect surviving tissue and make new connections in the neural circuitry.

Its very good for the field, because we now have multiple cell lines being tested in very similar populations of patients, and this will help us define what is needed to make this approach work, says Martin Marsala, a neuroscientist at the University of California, San Diego, whose work has shown that Neuralstems cells can develop into working neurons and restore movement to rats with cord injuries in the neck.

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VIDEO: Hundreds join bone marrow register in memory of Kevin Kararwa

Hundreds join bone marrow register at ACLT in memory of Kevin Kararwa

12:15pm Tuesday 3rd June 2014 in News By Louisa Clarence-Smith, Reporter

Hundreds of people have come forward to join the bone marrow register following the death of leukaemia patient Kevin Kararwa.

The 24-year-old business student launched the #KillLeukaemia4Kevin campaign to save others from the life-threatening cancer after doctors gave him two weeks to live.

ACLT co-founder Beverley De-Gale OBE explains how to join the bone marrow register

His final wishes were to raise 24,000 for the African Caribbean Leukaemia Trust (ACLT) and inspire 2,400 people to join the bone marrow register - 100 for every year he lived.

Speaking from his hospital bed four days before his death, Mr Kararwa said: "Most people are not aware that ethnic minorities struggle to find bone marrow transplants.

"I would like to be the catalyst in creating awareness like never before."

To show solidarity to the campaign The Wimbledon Guardian's Nick Hitchens and Louisa Clarence-Smith visited the ACLT centre in Garnett Road, Croydon, to join the register.

Signing up simply involves filling out a form with personal details and taking a cheek swab sample.

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Artificial blood made from human stem cells could plug the donations hole

"It's a tiny wee finger prick test," says senior nurse Patsy Scouse to calm the nervous first-time donor having his hemoglobin levels tested at a blood donation centre in Edinburgh.

The Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service receives donations from about four percent of the UK's population. Currently, stocks are stable, although the service is always trying to recruit new donors.

The collection may take place in a clinical environment, the nurse says, but the clinic "wants this experience, especially for first-time donors, to be really positive so they can go out and feel they've done a really good thing."

But the service is also working on potential new technologies to secure blood supplies in the future, including "artificial blood."

Mass-produced and clean

Mark Turner, medical director of the Blood Transfusion Service, is looking into how blood could be synthesized in the future.

"We've known for some time that it's possible to produce red blood cells from so called adult stem cells, but you can't produce large amounts of blood in that way because of the restrictive capacity of those cells to proliferate," he explains. What scientists can do, he adds, is to derive pluripotent stem cells - stem cell lines - either from embryos or from adult tissue.

These cells are processed in the laboratory to produce larger numbers of cells, Turner told DW.

"It may be possible in due course to manufacture blood on a very large scale, but we're a very long way from that at the present time," he says. "At the moment, our focus is on trying to achieve production of red blood cells which are of the right kind of quality and safety, that they would be fit for human trials."

From the lab to clinical trials

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Immune-Based Treatment May Fight Advanced Cervical Cancer

MONDAY, June 2, 2014 (HealthDay News) -- A new type of therapy shows promise in treating some women with advanced cervical cancer, researchers say.

The majority of cervical cancers are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). This new treatment -- called HPV-targeted adoptive T cell therapy -- boosts the body's natural immune response to HPV in cervical cancer tumors, the study authors explained.

First, HPV-targeted T cells -- immune cells that specifically attack tumor cells that contain HPV proteins -- are grown from a patient's tumor in the laboratory. The T cells are then put back into the patient's body to fight her cancer.

In this U.S. National Cancer Institute-supported study, nine women with advanced cervical cancer underwent the therapy, and three responded to it. One of those three patients had a 39 percent reduction in tumor volume, while the other two had complete remissions that had lasted for 11 months and 18 months by the time the study was written.

"This proof-of-principle study shows that adoptive transfer of HPV-targeted T cells can cause complete remission of metastatic cervical cancer and that this remission can be long-lasting," lead author Dr. Christian Hinrichs, an assistant clinical investigator at the U.S. National Cancer Institute, said in a news release from the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO).

The therapy was linked to serious side effects, however, including low blood counts, infections and metabolic disorders, the researchers said. Hinrichs and colleagues were scheduled to present the findings Monday in Chicago at the ASCO annual meeting.

Adoptive T cell therapy has previously shown promise in treating melanoma, leukemia and sarcoma, but this is the first time it has been tested in cervical cancer patients.

"Cellular therapy might have application to a broader range of tumor types than previously recognized," Hinrichs said. However, he added, "this treatment is still considered experimental and is associated with significant side effects. We also need to explore why this therapy worked so well in certain women, and not in others."

Studies presented at medical meetings are typically considered preliminary until published in a peer-reviewed journal, but two experts in the field remained cautiously optimistic about the new therapy.

"I think that this small pilot study provides an important proof-of-concept," said Dr. Louis Weiner, director of the Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center in Washington, D.C.

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Immune-Based Treatment May Fight Advanced Cervical Cancer

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New Research Looks at Immunologic Therapy of Renal Cell Carcinoma

(PRWEB UK) 3 June 2014

Oncology & Hematology Review, the peer-reviewed journal, publishes cutting-edge article on Immunologic Therapy of Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) has been the mainstay of immunotherapy of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) therapy for over 20 years. Although IL-2 treatment is limited to fit patients, a select group of these patients have derived substantial, durable benefit from it, for some translating into cures with no ongoing therapy or chronic toxicity. While targeted therapies are applicable to most patients, improvements of median survival have been measured in months. Immunotherapy, encompassing not only IL-2 but also newer checkpoint and vaccine approaches, therefore still has an important role for many as a main choice in RCC treatment. Enhanced patient selection techniques have evolved over time, and the overall response rate to high-dose (HD) IL-2 has improved among those selected patients. An increased understanding of immunotherapy has led to other novel approaches. These include checkpoint inhibitors mediating changes of T-cell behavior acting at the lymphocyte protein receptor programmed death-1 (PD-1), such as nivolumab, and vaccine immunotherapies, including peptide and dendritic cell vaccines in pivotal trials, and coordinated use of radiation therapy with IL-2, encouraging in early phase testing. Such approaches have the potential to expand the immune approach to achieve outcomes with better overall survival for many patients with mRCC.

To continue reading this peer-reviewed article in full for free please go to: http://www.touchoncology.com/articles/immunologic-therapy-renal-cell-carcinoma.

NOTE TO EDITORS: touchONCOLOGY (a division of Touch Medical Media) provides independent, cutting-edge, peer-reviewed content from world renowned physicians, designed to lead the debate on health and to engage, inform, and support physicians in improving patient outcomes globally.

touchONCOLOGY.com provides an international platform for peer-reviewed content from industry-leading journals alongside other carefully selected sources and aims to support physicians, clinicians and leading industry professionals in continuously developing their knowledge, effectiveness and productivity within the field of oncology.

Our portfolio of peer-reviewed journals, European Oncology & Haematology and Oncology & Hematology Review comprise of concise review articles which are designed to keep busy physicians up-to-date with the latest developments in their field and serve as a key reference resource for the international oncology community.

http://www.touchONCOLOGY.com

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New Drug-Based Approach to Regenerative Medicine for Heart Failure

Dr. Mark Penn, founder and CMO of Juventas Therapeutics

While the optimal treatment for heart failure was provided to a group of patients, they were still having symptoms. However when a new drug therapy based in regenerative medicine was given to these patients they showed clinically meaningful improvements in end systolic volumes, end diastolic volumes, ejection fraction and NTproBNP levels.

The drug, produced by Cleveland, Ohio-based Juventas Therapeutics, called JVS-100, is a non-viral gene therapy that expresses SDF-1 and promotes endogenous stem cell repair of the heart in patients with severe heart failure.

"What was remarkable about the improvement is that this drug was given to patients who had heart failures stemming from heart attacks that occurred - on average- about eleven years ago," said Dr. Mark Penn, founder and CMO of Juventas Therapeutics, and director of Cardiovascular Research at Summa Health System in Akron, Ohio.

Penn presented phase II clinical data last month at the European Society of Cardiology- Heart Failure Congress in Athens, Greece.

The field of regenerative medicine, which is the process of replacing, engineering or regenerating human cells, tissues or organs to restore or establish normal function, has come a long way. Penn explained that 14 years ago that stem cell based repairs lacked molecular signals that orchestrated the repairs. "Doing research we asked what drives stem cell repair? We saw that newly injured tissue was sending some signal to ask for it to be repaired. And in 2000 we discovered SDF-1 could aid that signal. Now our theory is validated that the gene therapy is a key factor for recruiting stem cells to the site for any injured tissue."

The therapy showed an 80% chance of a significant decrease in mortality for high risk heart failure patients.

With this success, Penn hopes to start next summer of 2015 on a larger trial of 300-400 patients. When that trial is initiated the company will have to move from manufacturing the drug for clinic studies to a commercial scale. Once the drug has regulatory approval the company will decide where to manufacture.

When asked about the reason for the success of the company, Penn says that "the company has always been driven by data. We had no preconceived ideas that this should work. We designed good trials, looked at the data and that told us where to go."

With regard to the financial side of the business, the company has worked with venture investors. And they have formed partnerships. The company has on-going collaborative research programs with Cleveland Clinic, Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Global Cardiovascular Innovation Center and Summa Health System.

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New Drug-Based Approach to Regenerative Medicine for Heart Failure

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Born this way? An evolutionary view of 'gay genes'

By Jenny Graves, La Trobe University

New research supports this claim that particular genes influence sexuality.

The claim that homosexual men share a gay gene created a furore in the 1990s. But new research two decades on supports this claim and adds another candidate gene.

To an evolutionary geneticist, the idea that a persons genetic makeup affects their mating preference is unsurprising. We see it in the animal world all the time. There are probably many genes that affect human sexual orientation.

But rather than thinking of them as gay genes, perhaps we should consider them male-loving genes. They may be common because these variant genes, in a female, predispose her to mate earlier and more often, and to have more children.

Likewise, it would be surprising if there were not female-loving genes in lesbian women that, in a male, predispose him to mate earlier and have more children.

masterdesigner/Flickr, CC BY-SA

We can detect genetic variants that produce differences between people by tracking traits in families that display differences.

Patterns of inheritance reveal variants of genes (called alleles) that affect normal differences such as hair colour, or disease states such as sickle cell anaemia.

Quantitative traits, such as height, are affected by many different genes, as well as environmental factors.

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Born this way? An evolutionary view of 'gay genes'

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Early Dogs Helped Humans Hunt Mammoths

Early dogs may have helped human hunters track and kill mammoths in Ice Age Europe and Asia. The fierce dogs may have then guarded the meat from their wolf relatives.

Penn State archeologist Pat Shipman recently calculated that the age ranges of mammoths found in these ancient boneyards suggest that the animals were hunted, not just scavenged after a catastrophe killed an entire herd.Shipman suggested that the domestication of wolves, along with improvements in projectile weapons, may have allowed people to successfully hunt large numbers of mammoths. The journal Quaternary International published her results.

From approximately 40,000 to 15,000 years ago, human campsites from Siberia to central Europe contained tremendous numbers of mammoth bones, sometimes from more than 100 individual pachyderms. In many cases, humans constructed buildings using the mammothbones, tusks and hides.

Shipman noted that high numbers of wild wolf and Arctic fox bones appear along with the mammoth bones. Dogs may have helped guard the mammoth meat by alerting people when other carnivores came sniffing around. The wolves and foxes were then killed and skinned for their pelts and meat.

Earlier archeological discoveries, published in the Journal of Archeological Sciences, described a breed of dog, or semi-domesticated wolf, from approximately 32,000 years ago in what is now Belgium, the Ukraine and Russia. Genetic and skeletal evidence show that the dog-like creature was different from known wolves, yet its genetic signature didnt survive in modern dog populations. This could mean the mammoth-hunting dogs either died out, or interbred with other dogs and wolves until they became indistinguishable.

Relatives of modern humans, including Neanderthals, likely hunted mammoths too. Chemical signatures in their bones suggest Neanderthals ate the extinct creatures. However, no known Neanderthal campsites contain the remains of hundreds of mammoth bones.

Photo: Wikipedia Commons

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Early Dogs Helped Humans Hunt Mammoths

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Three-parent babies 'could be a reality within two years' after report finds controversial IVF techniques are 'not …

Approach is designed to help families with particular genetic faults who want to avoid passing on devastating incurable diseases to their children Expert scientific panel today gave its backing to the controversial techniques Concluded they were 'potentially useful' and did not appear to be unsafe

By Anna Hodgekiss

Published: 11:00 EST, 3 June 2014 | Updated: 15:36 EST, 3 June 2014

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Controversial IVF techniques that see babies born with three genetic parents could be available in two years, scientists said today.

The 'three-parent' technique is designed to help families with particular genetic faults who want to avoid passing on devastating incurable diseases to their children.

Today, an expert scientific panel gave its backing to the approach, declaring it was 'potentially useful' and did not appear to be unsafe - despite fears the move might lead to designer babies.

Hope: The 'three-parent' technique is designed to help families with particular genetic faults who want to avoid passing on devastating incurable diseases to their children

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Molecular Genetics of Nodulation Control in Legumes – Video


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Let’s Play The Sims 3 – Perfect Genetics Challenge – Episode 40 – Video


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My Sims 3 Page: http://mypage.thesims3.com/mypage/Llandros2012 My Blog: http://Llandros09.blogspot.com My Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Llandros09?

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Endoscopic Oncology Clinic: Nutrition and Genetics – Video


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Changing your "Six Pack" Genetics Stretches Part 2 – Video


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